2023年安徽淮北煤炭师范学院考研英语练习题100道（附答案解析）

年安徽淮北煤炭师范学院考研英语练习题100道（附答案解析）

第1题【单选题】WhenJohnsontookthedrivingtestagain,hewasmuchmorecarefulwherehe______amistake.A、madeB、hasmadeC、wasmakingD、hadmade【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。考查时态。根据句意，犯错误是句中考试之前发生，所以用过去完成时态。第2题【单选题】Egypt,wrotetheGreekhistorianHecataeus,isthegiftoftheNile.A、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及是尼罗河送来的礼物。B、埃及，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：是尼罗河的礼物。C、埃及是尼罗河的礼物，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道。D、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及，礼物来自尼罗河。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。wrotetheGreekhistorianHecataeus是插入语，为使译文通顺易懂，把插入语处理成主句形式，其余部分作其宾语从句。第3题【单选题】Is_______someGermanfriendsvisitedlastweekA、thisschoolB、thistheschoolC、thisschooloneD、thisschoolwhere【正确答案】B【答案解析】为便于理解，改写本句话：ThisistheschoolthatsomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek.不难看出，作表语的theschool是先行词.that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对.第4题【单选题】Whilecrossingthemountainareas,allthemenhadgunsforprotectionlestthey________bythelocalbandits.A、beattackedB、wereattackedC、mustbeattackedD、wouldbeattacked【正确答案】A【答案解析】lest后所接从句必须用be型虚拟语气。因此，选项A是正确的。第5题【单选题】Onereasoniseconomic.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.Havingmorechildrenmeanshavingmoreworkersinthefieldsandsomeonetotakecareoftheparentsinoldage.Inanindustrialeconomy,thesituationisdifferent.Manychildrendonothelpafamily;instead,theyareanexpense.Thus,industrializationhasgenerallybroughtdownthebirthrate.ThiswasthecaseinItaly,whichwasindustrializedquiterecentlyandrapidly.Intheearlypartofthetwentiethcentury,Italywasapoor,largelyagriculturalcountrywithahighbirthrate.AfterWorldWarⅡ,Italy'seconomywasrapidlymodernizedandindustrialized.Bytheendofthecentury,thebirthratehaddroppedto1.3childrenperwoman,theworld'slowest.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,alargefamily_______.A、canbeanadvantageB、maylimitincomeC、isn’tnecessaryD、isexpensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。对照本段Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A，成为一个优势，答案是A。第6题【单选题】Aninteresting_____ofthecityistheoldmarket.A、triumphB、respectC、residenceD、feature【正确答案】D【答案解析】feature特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目。第7题【单选题】Theywere,byandlarge,averywealthy,privileged[elite].A、元素B、住所C、精英D、裁定【正确答案】C【答案解析】[elite]n.精英；精华；中坚分子。第8题【单选题】Thereisalotofluckindrillingforoil.A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了。C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析】drillingforoil表示“钻探石油”；alotofluck本意表示的是“运气”，在本句中可以翻译为“偶然性”。第9题【单选题】We[admire]herforenteringafamousuniversity.A、honorB、appreciateC、prizeD、admit【正确答案】B【答案解析】[admire]钦佩；赞美；appreciate欣赏。第10题【单选题】Youwillbe[liable]foranydamagecaused.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be[liable]for有…责任；有…义务；responsible负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第11题【单选题】Itisawisefatherthatknowshisownchild,buttodayamancanboosthispaternal(fatherly)wisdom—oratleastconfirmthathe’sthekid’sdad.Allheneedstodoisshellout$30forpaternitytestingkit(PTK)athislocaldrugstore—andanother$120togettheresults.Morethan60,000peoplehavepurchasedthePTKssincetheyfirstbecomeavailablewithoutprescriptionslastyears,accordingtoDougFogg,chiefoperatingofficerofIdentigene,whichmakestheover-the-counterkits.MorethantwodozencompaniessellDNAtestsdirectlytothepublic,ranginginpricefromafewhundreddollarstomorethan$2500.Inparagraphs1and2,thetextshowsPTK’s________.A、easyavailabilityB、flexibilityinpricingC、successfulpromotionD、popularitywithhouseholds【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。段落主旨题。本文开篇提出“Allheneedstodoisshellout$30forpaternitytestingkit(PTK)athislocaldrugstore—andanother$120togettheresults.”，指出了PTK这一测试的普遍性，第2段也跟进补充说明PTK测试的普遍性，所以A的内容符合原文。第12题【单选题】Secondaryschoolhaditsownshareofchallenges.Iwasatallkidandwasn'tgoodatanysport,exceptlooking.Ilovedbasketballandtennis.ThefirstdayIheldaracket,andIwasdisgracedbymyopponent.HewonsixstraightsetswithoutsweatandthereIwas,sweatingbadlylikeI'drunamarathon,whereasIhadn’tevenmadeasinglepoint.Stanleywasdisgracedbyhisclassmateina___________.A、basketballgameB、tennisgameC、marathongameD、footballgame【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词disgrace，考生可迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket，可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第13题【单选题】Lackofsleepcanaffecteverythingfromouremotionstohowwellwefocusontaskslikedriving.Itcanaffectsportsperformance,increaseourchancesofgettingsick,andmaybelinkedtoweightgaininsomepeople.You’veprobablynoticedhowmuchrunningaroundlittlekidsdo—andhowsoundlytheysleep.Takeatipfromatoddlerandgetatleast60minutesofexerciseaday.Physicalactivitycandecreasestressandhelppeoplefeelmorerelaxed.Justdon’tworkouttooclosetobedtimebecauseexercisecanwakeyouupbeforeitslowsyoudown.Lackofsleepcanincreaseourchancesof___________.A、feelmorerelaxedB、wakingupinmiddlenightC、gettingsickD、WatchTVandsurfonline【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。由关键词lackofsleep可定位至文章第一段。第一段提到缺乏睡眠会增加人们生病的几率，所以C为标准答案。第14题【单选题】TheBritisharenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings.______isoftenthecaseinothercountries.A、whatB、asC、soD、that【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。考查定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句，代替前面一句话。第15题【单选题】Thisishowarocketworks.Itisnotmadeofrubberlikeaballoon,ofcourse.Itismadeofmetal.Themetalmustnotbeheavybutitmustbeverystrong.Thereisgasinsidetherocketwhichismadeveryhot.Whenitrushesoutoftheendoftherocket,therocketispushedupintotheair.Arocketispushedupintotheairwhen______.A、hotgasrushesoutofitsheadB、itispoweredbygasC、hotgasrushesoutofitsbottomD、hotgasrushesoutofitsneck【正确答案】C【答案解析】请看到最后一句话"Whenitrushesoutoftheendoftherocket."第16题【单选题】“Peopledisappearinthatrivereveryyear,”oneofthepolicemensaidtomethatafternoon,halfindismay,halfinfrustration.A、“年年都有人消失在这条河里，”当天下午警察中的一个人半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。B、“这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。C、“这条河里年年都有人消失，”当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。D、“这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本题考查的知识点为成语。英语和汉语都有许多成语。汉语的成语大多由四个字组成。英译汉时，适当地使用成语，译文显得简洁、生动，可以增加文采。第17题【单选题】Congress[assembles]togetherinJanuary.A、rangeB、restrictC、gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】[assembles]集合，聚集；装配；收集；gather收集；收割；使…聚集；使…皱起。第18题【单选题】ShehadcometoEnglandto[pursue]anactingcareer.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】[pursue]继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第19题【单选题】AndersEricsson,a58-year-oldpsychologyprofessoratFloridaStateUniversity,sayshebelievesstronglyin“noneoftheabove.”EricssongrewupinSweden,andstudiednuclearengineeringuntilherealizedhewouldhavemoreopportunitytoconducthisownresearchifheswitchedtopsychology.Hisfirstexperimentnearly30yearsago,involvedmemory:trainingapersontohearandthenrepeatarandomseriesofnumbers.“Withthefirstsubject.afterabout20hoursoftraininghisdigitspanhadrisenfrom7to20,”Ericssonrecalls.“Hekeptimproving,andafterabout200hoursoftraininghehadrisentoover80numbers.”Thissuccesscoupledwithlaterresearchshowingthatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,ledEricssontoconcludethattheactofmemorizingismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.Inotherwords,whateverinborndifferencestwopeoplemayexhibitintheirabilitiestomemorizethosedifferencesareswampedbyhowwelleachperson“encodes”theinformation.Andthebestwaytolearnhowtoencodeinformationmeaningfully,Ericssondetermined,wasaprocessknownasdeliberatepractice.Deliberatepracticeentailsmorethansimplyrepeatingatask.Rather,itinvolvessettingspecificgoals,obtainingimmediatefeedbackandconcentratingasmuchontechniqueasonoutcome.AccordingtoEricssongoodmemory________.A、dependsonmeaningfulprocessingofinformationB、resultsfromintuitiveratherthancognitiveexercisesC、isdeterminedbygeneticratherthanpsychologicalfactorsD、requiresimmediatefeedbackandahighdegreeofconcentration【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。段落主旨题。考查考生对第1段和第2段的理解。第1段中讲AndersEricsson所做的试验，第2段主要是阐述他根据试验以及后来的一些研究所得出的结论：“Thissuccesscoupledwithlaterresearchshowingthatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,ledEricssontoconcludethattheactofmemorizingismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.”，表达了埃里克森的观点：记忆行为是一个认知的过程，无论人们与生俱来的记忆能力有什么差别，这些差别会被每个人“破解”信息的能力所淹没。由此可以看出：好记性在于有效的处理信息，因此选项A正确。选项B和C恰好与文章第1段第一句话的内容相反。而D从表述上分析“即时”反馈、“高度”关注无从选起，并且过于绝对化。第20题【单选题】Shecan’thelp______thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A、tocleanB、cleaningC、cleanedD、beingcleaned【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。注意以下两个结构均可用，但是含义不同：can’thelpdoingsth.意为“禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事”；can’thelptodosth.意为“不能帮助做某事”。第21题【单选题】Thegroupdoesnot[advocate]theuseofviolence.A、supportB、matterC、suitD、reach【正确答案】A【答案解析】[advocate]提倡，主张，拥护；support支持，支撑，支援。第22题【单选题】Therearecertain_____whenyoumustinterruptpeoplewhoareinthemiddleofdoingsomething.A、conditionsB、situationsC、occasionsD、environments【正确答案】C【答案解析】conditions状况/条件/情形（与日常生活相关）。situation形式/局面。occasion场合/时刻。environment环境/外界。第23题【单选题】Oncethecharacteristicsforsurvivingsaltysoilareknown,FlowersandYeowilltrytobreedtheappropriategenesintoallmannersofcropsandplants.Landthathasbeenabandonedtonaturewillthenbeabletobloomagain,providingmuchneededfoodinthepoorercountriesoftheworld.Theattitudeoftheauthortowardstheresearchprojectis______.A、positive.B、negative.C、suspicious.D、indifferent.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。作者在本段中对二人研究的结果给予了展望，态度是积极的。所以，选择A。第24题【单选题】Iwouldclassmygardenas[medium]insize.A、单调的B、中等的C、温暖的D、使命【正确答案】B【答案解析】[medium]adj.中间的，中等的；半生熟的。第25题【单选题】Transparencyisneeded______peopleareskepticalaboutpolicy-makersmakingpolicyagainsttheirowninterests.A、soB、becauseC、thereforeD、thus【正确答案】B【答案解析】本句后半部分表示的是一个原因，即：纳税人要求政策制定有透明度是因为担心决策者做出有悖于他们利益的事。第26题【单选题】Ifyouweretoexaminethebirthcertificatesofeverysoccerplayerin2006’sWorldCuptournamentyouwouldmostlikelyfindanoteworthyquirk:elitesoccerplayersarelikelytohavebeenbornintheearliermonthsoftheyearthaninthelatermonths.IfyouthenexaminedtheEuropeannationalyouthteamsthatfeedtheWorldCupandprofessionalranks,youwouldfindthisstrangephenomenontobeevenmorepronounced.Whatmightaccountforthisstrangephenomenon?Hereareafewguesses:a）certainastrologicalsignsconfersuperiorsoccerskills.b）winter-bornbabiestendtohavehigheroxygencapacitywhichincreasessoccerstamina.c）soccermadparentsaremorelikelytoconceivechildreninspringtimeattheannualpeakofsoccermania.d）noneoftheabove.Theword“mania”（Paragraph2）mostprobablymeans________.A、funB、crazeC、hysteriaD、excitement【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。词义理解题，考查考生利用上下文推测词义。文章第1段介绍一个奇怪的现象，即高水平的足球运动员多半是一年中头几个月出生的。第2段试图解释这一现象，对这一现象做出种种猜测，即“某些星相赋予人们高超的足球技能”，“冬天出生的婴儿氧气足，这会增加足球运动所需的耐力”，“足球迷的父母往往容易在春天孕育新生命”等等。本段中的“mania”一词出现在第三种猜测中，句子的前半部分有“soccermad”，意思是对足球痴迷、疯狂的，由此可以推断“mania”一词与“soccermad”接近，即“疯狂”。因此正确答案是B。第27题【单选题】Tom,anear-sightedyoungman,wentonablinddatewithagirl.Thetwoweresatisfiedwitheachother.Andtheyexchangedtheirtelephonenumbers.WhatcanwelearnaboutTom?A、Tommadeagoodimpressiononthegirlatfirst.B、ItwasthefirsttimethatTomhaddatedagirl.C、Tomwasblind.D、Tomwashandsomeandpopularwiththegirls.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。细节判断题。从Thetwoweresatisfiedwitheachother可知，相亲过后，两人对对方都很满意，所以A选项正确，汤姆第一次见对方就留下了很好的印象。B项所表述内容在文中找不到根据，不能判断这是汤姆第几次约会。根据文章描述，汤姆只是near-sighted，远不到盲了的地步。文章仅讲述了汤姆和某一个女孩相亲的精力，对他的个人魅力以及是否受女孩欢迎并未提及。第28题【单选题】Somescientistssaythatanimalsintheoceanareincreasinglythreatenedbynoisepollutioncausedbyhumanbeings.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisincreasinglydangeroustoseacreatures?A、Thesoundofacar.B、Thesoundofvoices.C、Man-madenoisepollution.D、Thesoundofsteps.【正确答案】C【答案解析】Somescientistssaythatanimalsintheoceanareincreasinglythreatenedbynoisepollutioncausedbyhumanbeings.指出了人类的噪声污染引起了海洋生物的危险。第29题【单选题】Thedoctorsuggestedthatshe________outuntilshewascured.A、didntgoB、notgoC、wasnotgoingD、nottogo【正确答案】B【答案解析】suggest(ion),order,advice等词后的从句谓语要用（should）do的形式。第30题【单选题】_______fromspace,theearth,withwater______seventypercentofitssurface,lookslikea“blueball”.A、Seen;coveredB、Seen;coveringC、Seeing;coveringD、Seeing;covering【正确答案】B【答案解析】分词作状语时，是用现在分词还是过去分词，要看它与句子主语的关系。在此see与theearth为被动关系，因此用过去分词；water与cover间为主动关系，因此用现在分词。第31题【单选题】Beltsofparklandslinethreesidesoftheareaandfourlargeopensquaresoflawnsandtreesbreaktheregularityofthecitybuildings.A、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。B、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调气氛。C、带状的公园为这个区域画了一条三边的线，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。D、一条条的公园环绕着这个区域的三边，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调性。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。有时为了行文的需要，可以在译文里增加几个词，或减少几个词。这是因为有些词在一种语言里可能是必要的，而在另一种语言里就会显得多余了。第32题【单选题】－－-Didyouasktheguard________happened?－－-Yes,hetoldmeall________heknew.A、what；thatB、what；whatC、which；whichD、that；that【正确答案】A【答案解析】whathappened是宾语从句.all之后thatheknew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that。第33题【单选题】Goodnewsforchocoholics:thetreatpreferredbymillionsallovertheworldisgoodforyou,accordingtoAmericanresearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia.Chocolatecontainssubstancescalledflavonoidsthatcanhelpmaintainahealthyheartandgoodcirculation.Theresearchershavediscoveredthatcocoaactslikeaspirinandthateatingabarofchocolatehasalsobeenshowntoreleaseendorphinsinthebody:thesechemicalshelptoreducepainandstressandmakeyoufeelhappy.Whyischocolategoodforheartandcirculation?A、Itreducespainandstress.B、Itcontainssubstancescalledflavonoids.C、Itreleasesendorphinsinhumanbody.D、Itactslikeaspirintoprotectheart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。因果关系词=信号词。凡是注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第34题【单选题】Inthiscontext,itisimportantforourtwosocietiestosearchforareasofcooperationwhichclearlyaddtoourmutualbenefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】Inthiscontext：在这种情况下；tosearchforareasofcooperation：寻找合作领域；mutualbenefit（双方）共同的利益；it为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第35题【单选题】YettheNilehasbeenchangedbymodernmannotyetfullyunderstood.A、然而现代人却使尼罗河发生了变化，不过就连他们自己也不完全了解尼罗河的变化。B、然而现代的人改变了尼罗河，不过就连他们自己也不完全了解尼罗河究竟发生了什么变化。C、然而现代人使尼罗河以不完全了解的方式发生了变化。D、然而现代的人却使尼罗河发生了变化，不过就连他们自己也不完全了解尼罗河究竟发生了什么变化。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本题考查的知识点为被动语态。英语里，被动语态用得很多。但汉语里的被动式远没有英语里的被动语态用得多。更多的情况是用主动式，或以主动式的结构来表示被动的含义。第36题【单选题】Johnknockedatthedoorfornearlyfiveminutes______hiswifeopenedit.A、whenB、beforeC、untilD、while【正确答案】B【答案解析】考查连词。句意为：他的妻子过了近五分钟才开门。before表示过了多久……才。第37题【单选题】Thehurricanewasincredibly[devastating]andleftthousandshomeless.A、forcefulB、mightyC、destructiveD、dangerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】[devastating]毁灭性的。destructive破坏（或毁灭）性的。参考译文：飓风以其难以令人置信的破坏力使得成千上万的人无家可归。第38题【单选题】InthespiritoffranknesswhichIhopewillcharacterizeourtalksthisweek,letusrecognizeattheoutsetthesepoints.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。whichIhopewillcharacterizeourtalksthisweek限制性定语从句，修饰frankness。Ihope是定语从句中的插入语。Inthespiritof：本着…的精神。attheoutset：在开始的时候。第39题【单选题】Whatwouldhavehappened________,asfarastheriverbank?A、BobhadwalkedfartherB、ifBobshouldwalkfartherC、hadBobwalkedfartherD、ifBobwalkedfarther【正确答案】C【答案解析】当if引导的虚拟条件从句的谓语动词含有were,had,could,should等词时,可将这些词提至句首,而将if省去,从而构成倒装句式.第40题Directions:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutworld’sfirstDNAcomputers.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph(1-5).Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）[A]TheabilityofDNAtostoreinformation[B]ExamplesforthefutureuseofDNAcomputers[C]TheadvantageofDNAcomputers[D]TheresearchofDNAcomputersisatthebeginningstage[E]Theworkingprincipleofthemicroscopiccomputers[F]TheevaluationmadebytheresearchingteamonDNAcomputersIsraeliscientistshavebuiltaDNAcomputersotinythatatrillionofthemcouldfitinatesttubeandperformabillionoperationspersecondwith99.8percentaccuracy.1)_______________Itisthefirstprogrammableautonomouscomputingmachineinwhichtheinput,output,softwareandhardwareareallmadeofbiomolecules.Insteadofusingfiresandformulastosolveaproblem,themicroscopiccomputer’sinput,outputandsoftwarearemadeupofDNAmolecules—whichstoreandprocessencodedinformationinlivingorganisms.2)_______________ScientistsseesuchDNAcomputersasfuturecompetitorstotheirmoreconventionalcousinsbecauseminiaturizationisreachingitslimitsandDNAhasthepotentialtobemuchfasterthanconventionalcomputers.“Wehavebuiltananoscalecomputermadeofbiomoleculesthatissosmallyoucannotrunthemoneatatime.Whenatrillioncomputersruntogethertheyarecapableofperformingabillionoperations,"saidEhudShapiro,ProfessoroftheWeitzmanInstituteinIsrael.3)_______________AlthoughtoosimpletohaveanyimmediateapplicationsitcouldformthebasisofaDNAcomputerinthefuturethatcouldpotentiallyoperatewithinhumancellsandactasamonitoringdevicetodetectpotentially,disease-causingchangesandsynthesizedrugstofixthem.ThemodelcouldalsoformthebasisofcomputersthatcouldbeusedtoscreenDNAlibrariesinparallelwithoutsequencingeachmolecule,whichcouldspeeduptheacquisitionofknowledgeaboutDNA.4)_______________DNAcanholdmoreinformationinacubiccentimeterthanatrillionCDs.Thedoublehelixmoleculethatcontainshumangenesstoresdataonfourchemicalbases—knownbythelettersA,T,OandG—givingitmassivememorycapabilitythatscientistsareonlyjustbeginningtotapinto."Thelivingcellcontainsincrediblemolecularmachinesthatmanipulateinformation-encodingmoleculessuchasDNAandRNAinwaysthatarefundamentallyverysimilartocomputation,”saidShapiro,theheadoftheresearchteamthatdevelopedtheDNAcomputer."Sincewedon’tknowhowtoeffectivelymodifythesemachinesorcreatenewonesjustyet,thetrickistofindnaturallyexistingmachinesthat,whencombined,canbesteeredtoactuallycompute,"headded.5)_______________WritinginthesciencejournalNature,ShapiroandhisteamdescribetheirDNAcomputertheautomatonwhichcananswercertainyesornoquestions.DataisrepresentedbypairsofmoleculesonastrandofDNAandtwonaturallyoccurringenzymesactasthehardwaretoread,copyandmanipulatethecode.Whenitisallmixedtogetherinthetesttube,thesoftwareandhardwareoperateontheinputmoleculetocreatetheoutput.DNAcomputingisaveryyoungbranchofsciencethatstartedlessthanadecadeago,whenLeonardAdlemanoftheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniapioneeredthefieldbyusingDNAinatesttubetosolveamathematicalproblem.Scientistsaroundtheglobearenowtryingtomarrycomputertechnologyandbiologybyusingnature’sowndesigntoprocessinformation.【正确答案】ECBAF【答案解析】1)【答案】E【解析】本段位于整篇文章第二段，在第一段概括介绍之后，这一段具体说明此类计算机的工作原理，故选E。2)【答案】C【解析】本段第一句话介绍说DNA计算机具有较传统计算机运行速度更快的优势，之后通过以色列教授的话具体肯定，故整段是围绕DNA计算机的优势展开，选C。3)【答案】B【解析】本段主要是对DNA计算机在未来应用的展望，包括可以被植入人体细胞内，作为监控装置检测出潜在的致病变化，并合成药物“修理”致病变化，还可以并行方式而非按顺序筛选DNA资料库，这样要可以加快人们对DNA知识的获取，故选B。4)【答案】A【解析】本段第一句话说明每立方厘米DNA上可容纳的信息要比一万亿张光盘存储的容量还要多。由此可推断本段主要在介绍DNA存储信息的巨大能力，故选A。5)【答案】F【解析】此段第一句话引用《自然》科学杂志刊登的一篇文章，说明在沙皮罗和研究小组成员的眼中，DNA计算机是一种何种性质的装置，故选F。第41题【单选题】Unemploymentseemstobethe________socialprobleminthisareaandmayunderminesocialstability.A、prevalentB、primitiveC、previousD、premature【正确答案】A【答案解析】prevalent“普遍的，流行的”。根据题意，正确答案应选A。第42题【单选题】ThisisthelastplacewhereIexpectedtomeetyou.A、这是我最后一次见到你的地方。B、我料到最后会在此与你相逢。C、我怎么也没有料到会在这个地方见到你。D、我希望在最不可能的地方与你相见。【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题在翻译的时候需要注意对thelastplace的理解，在此处不能译为“最后的地方”，thelastplacewhereIexpected表示的是“我怎么也没有料到的地方”。第43题【单选题】Scarcelylessimportantthanmachineryintheagriculturalrevolutionwasscience.A、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。B、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本题考查的知识点为理解原意。lessimportant是“没有那么重要”的意思，但一加上scarcely，意思就反过来了，表示“同等重要”。第44题【单选题】Thedevastatingfloodsanddroughtsthatimposedarecurrenttaxofsufferingonthefarmersonlongeroccur．Egyptianagriculturehasbeentransformed，andindustryisbenefitingfrompowergeneratedbythedam.A、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。B、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是现在埃及的农业得到改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。C、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改良，水坝发的电也用在了工业上。D、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是埃及的农业得到了改良，工业也给水坝发电带来了很大的好处。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。句子中taxofsuffering属于比喻，把suffering比作是强加在人们身上的tax，而并非真正的征收税收。根据这一点可以排除B和D项，同时根据句子中的and可以得知前后应该是并列的，也就是说agriculture和industry是并列的，同时翻译的时候也应该是并列的，这样不但符合句法也让句子结构更合理。第45题【单选题】Cohendoesn'tworrymuchaboutstudentsusingtheircoursesforevil________.A、thinksB、advicesC、suggestionsD、purposes【正确答案】D【答案解析】Cohen并没有对学生利用该课程实施恶意行为有太多担心。Think：想，认为；advice：建议；suggestion：建议；purpose：目的，意图。第46题【单选题】Druguseaccountsfor[approximately]three-quartersofallreportedcasesofHIVinthecountry.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD、specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】[approximately]大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第47题【单选题】Agreatnumberofhouseswouldhavetoberemovedto[makewayfor]thenewamusementpark.A、taketheplaceofB、givespaceforC、buildupD、workout【正确答案】B【答案解析】[makewayfor]让路，让地给。givespacefor让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第48题【单选题】Iguessedvaguelyfromthehurryingtoandfrointhehouse,thatsomethingunusualwasabouttohappen.A、我从人们在屋里匆匆地走来走去，大约猜出一件不一般的事就要发生了。B、人们在屋里匆匆地走来走去，我模模糊糊地预感到一件不寻常的事就要发生了。C、一件不寻常的事要发生了，这是我从屋子里匆匆地走来走去的人们那猜来的。D、我隐隐约约地预感到一件不一般的事情要发生了，从人们在屋里匆匆地走来走去。【正确答案】B【答案解析】在这里需要注意要把thehurryingtoandfrointhehouse翻译在前面，这样更符合汉语的表达习惯。第49题【单选题】Wehaveto[modify]ourplanalittlebit.A、reduceB、sufferC、adjustD、utilize【正确答案】C【答案解析】[modify]修改，修饰；更改；adjust调整，使…适合。第50题【单选题】Intimesofeconomiccrisis,Americansturntotheirfamiliesforsupport.IftheGreatDepressionisanyguide,wemayseeadropinourskyhighdivorcerate.Butthiswon’tnecessarilyrepresentanincreaseinhappymarriages.Inthelongrun,theDepressionweakenedAmericanfamilies,andthecurrentcrisiswillprobablydothesame.WetendtothinkoftheDepressionasatimewhenfamiliespulledtogethertosurvivehugejoblosses.By1932,whennearlyone-quarteroftheworkforcewasunemployed,thedivorceratehaddeclinedbyaround25%from1929.Butthisdoesn’tmeanpeopleweresuddenlyhappierwiththeirmarriages.Rather,withincomesdecreasingandinsecurejobs,unhappycouplesoftencouldn’taffordtodivorce.Theyfearedneitherspousecouldmanagealone.IntheGreatDepressionmanyunhappycoupleschosetosticktogetherbecause_____.A、startinganewfamilywouldbehardB、theywantedtobetterprotecttheirkidsC、livingseparatelywouldbetoocostlyD、theyexpectedthingswouldturnbetter【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。推理判断题。由题干中的和unhappycouples定位到文章第2段最后两句。随着收入下降和工作的不稳定，不幸福的家庭承担不起离婚的费用。他们担心任何一方都无法独自生活。由此可见，在大萧条时期，即使不幸福的家庭也会选择共同生活，因为离婚的费用和独自生活的成本太高了，故答案为C。第51题【单选题】I[recognize]myownshortcomings.A、建立B、指望C、认识到D、推荐【正确答案】C【答案解析】[recognize]vt.认出，识别；承认。第52题【单选题】He’sunlucky,andhe’salwayssuffering______luckoneafteranother.A、asickB、anillC、sickD、ill【正确答案】D【答案解析】英语中的名词有可数与不可数之分，luck是不可数名词，用来修饰贬义的luck形容词有bad，poor或ill，这时ill的词义是：不好的。第53题【单选题】Warmaybeanaturalexpressionofbiologicalinstinctanddrivestowardaggressioninthehumanspecies.Naturalimpulsesofanger,hostility,andterritoriality(守卫地盘的天性)areexpressedthroughactsofviolence.Theseareallqualitiesthathumanssharewithanimals.Aggressionisakindofinnate(天生的)survivalmechanism,aninstinctforself-preservation,thatallowsanimalstodefendthemselvesfromthreatstotheirexistence.But,ontheotherhand,humanviolenceshowsevidenceofbeingalearnedbehavior.Inthecaseofhumanaggression,violencecannotbesimplyreducedtoaninstinct.Themanyexpressionsofhumanviolencearealwaysconditionedbysocialconventionsthatgiveshapetoaggressivebehavior.Inhumansocietiesviolencehasasocialfunction:Itisastrategyforcreatingordestroyingformsofsocialorder.Religioustraditionshavetakenaleadingroleindirectingthepowersofviolence.Wewilllookattheritualandethical(道德上的)patternswithinwhichhumanviolencehasbeendirected.Humanviolenceshowsevidenceofbeingalearnedbehaviorinthat______.A、itthreatenstheexistingsocialsystemsB、itisinfluencedbysocietyC、ithasrootsinreligiousconflictsD、itisdirectedagainstinstitutionsoflaw【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是“alearnedbehavior”。可以知道本题的答案应该就在本段的后面部分。接下来的第二句话即说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：Themanyexpressionsofhumanviolencearealwaysconditionedbysocialconventionsthatgiveshapetoaggressivebehavior，将其定型为侵略性行为。第54题【单选题】________thefewwhohavefailedintheirexamination,alltheotherstudentsinthehallareinveryhighspirits.A、InspitethatB、ButforC、ApartfromD、Forthesakeof【正确答案】C【答案解析】apartfrom“除之外”，只有该词组符合题意。第55题【单选题】Manypeople,whenill,seetheirdoctorsandaskthemto________somethingthatwillmakethemfeelbetter.A、describeB、prescribeC、reviseD、devise【正确答案】B【答案解析】prescribe“开处方，开（药）”。根据题意，正确答案应为B。第56题【单选题】Fortheirownsafety,householdpetsshouldbe[confined]totheirownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制，约束。参考课文：为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第57题【单选题】Manypeople,whenill,seetheirdoctorsandaskthemto________somethingthatwillmakethemfeelbetter.A、describeB、prescribeC、reviseD、devise【正确答案】B【答案解析】prescribe“开处方，开（药）”。根据题意，正确答案应为B。第58题【单选题】Unemploymentseemstobethe________social