2022-2023学年吉林省白山市高三一模英语试题

2022〜2023学年白山市高三一模联考试卷

英语注意事项:.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Howwillthespeakersgotothebeach?A.Onfoot. B.Bybike. C.Bycar.OnwhichdaydoesthewomanwanttoleaveforNewYork?A.25th. B.26th. C.28th.Whydidn'tTomgotothedepartmentstoresyesterday?Hisbrothergotsick.Hewenttothepark.Hehadanappointmentwithafriend.Whereisprobablytheman'sdognow?A.Inthegarden. B.Inthepark. C.Inhishouse.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Findajob B.Sellherfurniture. C.Rentafurnishedapartment.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时helpshouting,"Areyououtofyour 25 ?Therewasnoonearoundyou.”Thatnight,mymomwas26 ,Shetoldmethatmygrandmahadpassedawayandthattherentonourapartmenthadgoneup.Chokingup,shesaid,"Idon'tknowhowto27thefuneralexpensesandthehighrent.^^I28herIwouldhelppickuptheoddsandends.ThenIwenttocheckourmailbox,butIfoundnothing.Mymomtoldmetocheckthemailboxagain.I29initandpulledouttwohugeenvelopes.Sheopenedone,onlytofindthebig30forourapartment.Shethenwalkedintoherroom,sayingshewasafraidto31theother.Ilookedatitandsawthis:DearAngela,Love,YourFriend.Ttoreitopenandemptiedthe32ontothebed.Thereweresomechecks,all33tome.Later,Ilearnedmystrange34fromtherestaurantsentit.3534fromtherestaurantsentit.35thevaluablechecks,wegotthroughthedifficulttime.A.wishA.uglyA.searchedwanderedA.patientlytime.A.wishA.uglyA.searchedwanderedA.patientlyA.wagesA.whisperingA.predictannounceA.assuredA.cutA.lockdescriptionA.makeA.contentsA.restoredacknowledgedA.staffB.numberB.familiarB.hesitatedB.calmlyB.sensesB.weepingB.presentB.strokeB.pouredB.billB.shutcoinsB.knownB.managerC.dutyC.oddbeggedC.asleeplifeC.waitingC.affordC.forgaveC.brokeC.ownershipC.believeC.packsC.addressedC.customernameD.madD.D.aloneD.wayD.chattingD.D.annoyedD.reachedD.D.handleD.clothesD.D.relative35.A.OnaccountofApartfromInsteadofInspite35.A.OnaccountofApartfromInsteadofInspiteof第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。HuangYifan,astudentfromShandongProvince,36(like)observingantsandhasdiscoveredmanyfunnysecretsbehindtheirbehaviors,helpinghimwinthegoldmedalintheS.-T.YauHighSchoolScienceAward,whichisaimedtoinspirescientificinnovationsforChinesehighschoolstudentsallovertheworld.SincelastAugust,Huang37(commit)tothecompetition.He'vefoundthat38antsliveundergroundforalongtime,theycouldstillfindoutifotherantsbelongtothesamenest.39(test)this,Huangmadeanestwithabout100ants,usingmaterialssuch40testtubesandplasticbottles.Heappliedbluepainttothestomachofoneoftheantsandputitbackintothenestandobservedhowtherestoftheantsresponded."Afterthe41(paint)antentersthenest,42restwillattackitandstopitfromenteringthenest.Butwhentheantsdiscoverthatthedyedantcomesfromthesamenestbyusingtheireyesandsenseofsmell,theywillstopattacking,Huangsaid.Withanimaltrackingsoftware,camerasandotherinstruments,Huangdesignedsixexperimentsto43(far)exploretheindividualants'abilitytorecognizetheirnestmates.“Socialinsectslikeantsandbeeshaveastrong44(able)todistinguishtheirownnest-mates,45helpstoenhancethecohesion(凝聚力)withinthenest^Huangadded.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的同学汪伟上周六获得无锡市高中学生英语口语大赛第一名，并获得下个月省级决赛的资格。请你写一篇英语报道，在学校英语广播播报，内容包括：1.新闻内容；.该同学简介；.表达祝愿。注意：.写作词数应为80左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。WangWei:FirstPlaceintheEnglishOralTest第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AfterJustinGordoncamebackfromhislastdelivery,thekitchenwascleanandemptyandthelightswereoff.Hewaschanginghisclotheswhentherestaurantslandlinerang.Hewasn'tsupposedtoanswerthephone,buthewasafraiditmightbehisboss,Mr.Kelso.Sohepickedupthephoneandsaid,"GourmetRestaurant,mayIhelpyou?^^Anoldwoman'svoicewasontheothersideJTmsogladyou'restillopen!I'vejustreturnedfromalongtripandIhavenofoodinthehouse.Ireallywanttoordersomedinner!”Justinhesitatedforamoment,thenhewrotedownthewoman'snameandaddressandheadedfbrthekitchen.Fortunately,Justinwasanexcellentcook.Infact,hislatefatherwasagoodchefandhisdreamwastobecomeanother,buthecouldn'taffordtoentertheCulinaryAcademy（烹饪学院）.Thefoodwasreadysoon.Hewouldn'thavetimetocleanupthekitchenifhewastode-liverthefoodquickly.Sohedecidedtocomeintoworkearlythenextmorning.Hejumpedontohismotorbikeandheadedforthecustomer'saddress.Awomaninawheelchairansweredthedoor."Goodevening,Madam,thisisaspecialdeliveryfromGourmetRestaurant.Itisfreeofcharge!”Justinsaid.Earlythenextmorning,thefirstthingforJustinwastocleanupthekitchen.HehadnearlyfinishedwhenMr.Kelsowalkedin."You'renotthechef!You'reallowedinthekitchenonlyifit'stopickupdeliverieshescreamed"youactedagainsttherule!YOU'REFIRED!”Justinwasclosetotears,butheknewthathehadbrokentherule.Therewasnothinghecouldsaymore.Mr.Kelsowasextremelyangry.Whenhewenttodinnerathismother'sthatevening,hetoldherallaboutit.“Somewomanphonedinanorderafterhours,andheleftthekitcheninchaos!”hescoffed,“canyoubelieveit?”“YesJhismothersaid,“Iphonedhim,son.”注意：.续写词数应为150左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Hismothertoldhimwhathappenedthatevening.MrKelsomanagedtofindJustinandinvitehimtolunchatGourmetRestaurant.听力：1〜5BAACC听力：1〜5BAACC6〜10ACBAC11-15BBCBA16〜20BCBAC2022〜2023学年白山市高三一模联考试卷英语注意事项:.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Howwillthespeakersgotothebeach?A.Onfoot.Bybike.Bycar.A.Onfoot.Bybike.Bycar.OnwhichdaydoesthewomanwanttoleaveforNewYork?A.25th.B.26th.C.28th.A.25th.B.26th.C.28th.Whydidn'tTomgotothedepartmentstoresyesterday?A.Hisbrothergotsick.B.Hewenttothepark.C.Hehadanappointmentwithafriend.Whereisprobablytheman'sdognow?A.Inthegarden.B.Inthepark.C.Inhishouse.A.Inthegarden.B.Inthepark.C.Inhishouse.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?FindajobSellherfurniture.Rentafurnishedapartment.FindajobSellherfurniture.Rentafurnishedapartment.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段对话，回答第6、7题。Whydoesthemanwanttochangehisjob?Heisnotsatisfiedwithhissalary.Hiscoworkersaren'tkindtohim.Theenvironmentisn'tagreeable.Whatwillthewomandofortheman?Findhimanewjob.Lendhimsomemoney.Helphimapplyforaloan.听第7段对话，回答第8至10题。Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?Thewoman'spoorhealth.Thecleaningofthefloor.Theprizeforagoodjob.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Doctorandpatient. C.Bossandemployee.WhatdoweknowabouttheRoomba?Ithelpsthemanwithhiswork.Itcoststhewomannearly$400.Itfreesusersofheavyhousework.听第8段对话，回答第11至13题。Whydoesthewomanprefertobuyanelectriccar?A.Itslowprice. B.Environmentalprotection. C.Itspowerfulengine.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardsthewideuseofelectriccars?A.Supportive. B.Worried. C.Unconcerned.Whatdoesthemanthinkthistownneedstodo?Broadentheroads.Limitthenumberofcars.Improvepublictransport.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Attendingawedding. B.Havingaparty. C.Holdingameeting.HowmanytimesdidMr.GreencometoChinainthepast?A.None. B.Once. C.Twice.Whichofthefactoriesaren'tmentionedintheconversation?Thesteelandironworks.Theclothfactory.Themedicinefactory.WhenisthemangoingbacktoNewYork?A.Thisday.B.Thedayaftertomorrow.C.TomoiTow.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。Whatcanthestudentsbringwiththemduringthecourse?A.Businessvideos. B.Notebookcomputers. C.Mobilephones.WhereistheBusinessStudiesDepartment?Nexttothestaffcarpark.OntheleftsideoftheScienceCenter.Besidethemainentranceofthecollege.Whatlanguageclassesareprovidedthissummer?A.JapaneseandGerman.B.FrenchandChinese. C.ItalianandSpanish.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyou'retakingthetraininSwitzerland,yourfirststopshouldbetheSwissFederalRailways（SBB）website.Exceptforafewscenicroutes,SBBrunsalltheregional,commutertrains,andhigh-speedtrainsinthecountry.Kinds•R,RE,andIRareregionaltrainsthatareslower,cheaper,andstopatallormoststations

betweentwomajorcenters.•ICorICN(theNisfor“night")arefasttrainsthatconnectmajorcitiesbutdonotstopatsmallertownsalongtheway.•SorS-Bahntrainsarefrequentcommutertrainsthatconnectcitiesandsuburbs.IfyoumissanStrain,there?susuallyanotheronecomingsoonafter.ServiceTheSBBwebsitesellsone-wayorround-tripticketsbetweenSwisscitiesandothercitiesinEurope.TheyalsosellCityTickets,includingthetraintothatcity,publictransportationinthetown,andatravelpassthattypicallyallowsaccesstoseveraltouristicsites.WaysofbuyingticketsTopurchaseaticketorresearchscheduleoptions,typeinyourpoint-to-pointdestinationsfirstandpreferredtraveltime.Youcanselectthetrainthatworksbestforyou.Onceyou'veselectedyourroute,enteryourpassengerinformation.You'llhavetheoptiontopurchaseaCityTicket.Completeyourpurchasewithacreditcard.Youwillbeissuedavoucher(票券).TipsChildrenbelow16yearsofagetravelfree.ButyoumustpickupaSwissFamilyCardbeforetraveling.Fortravelerswithdisabilities,select"Barrier-freetravel“fromthepull-downmenulabeled"Standardview"toseeonlytrainsthathavewheelchair-accessiblecarriages.Yourticketwillnotshowaseatreservation.IfyoubuyticketsattheSBBcounterorofficeinthetrainstation,you'llhavetheoptionofreservingaseatinadvance.WhichofthefollowingisthefeatureofS-Bahntrains?A.Theyrunfrequently. B.Theyarecheapandslow.C.TheystopatallcitiesinEurope. D.Theyonlyconnectmajorcities.Whatshouldyoudofirstwhenbuyingaticket?B.Inputyourcoins.D.Chooseyourpreferredtrain.B.BybuyingticketsattheSBBcounter.B.Inputyourcoins.D.Chooseyourpreferredtrain.B.BybuyingticketsattheSBBcounter.D.Bypayingsomeextramoney.C.Inputyourdestination.Howcanyoubookaseat?A.BycallingSBBofficetobooktickets.C.BybookingticketsatSBBwebsite.【答案】1.A2.C 3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了瑞士联邦铁路网站的相关信息、，包括火车的种类、提供的服务、买票方式和小贴士。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Kinds下第三个黑点“SorS-Bahntrainsarefrequentcommutertrainsthatconnectcitiesandsuburbs.IfyoumissanStrain,there'susuallyanotheronecomingsoonafter.（S或S-Bahn列车是连接城市和郊区的频繁通勤列车。如果你错过了S火车，通常不久就会有另一列火车。）”可知，S-Bahn列车是频繁通勤列车，错过一辆，下一辆也会很快到达。所以S-Bahn列车的特点就是运行频繁。故选Ao【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Waysofbuyingtickets下“Topurchaseaticketorresearchscheduleoptions,typeinyourpoint-to-pointdestinationsfirstandpreferredtraveltime.（要购买火车票或研究行程选项，请先输入您的点对点目的地和首选旅行时间。）”可知，当买火车票的时候，首先要输入目的地。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Yourticketwillnotshowaseatreservation.IfyoubuyticketsattheSBBcounterorofficeinthetrainstation,you'llhavetheoptionofreservingaseatinadvance.（您的火车票不会显示座位预订。如果您在火车站的SBB柜台或办公室买票，您可以选择提前预订座位。）”可知，在火车站的SBB柜台或办公室买票才可以提前预定座位。题干中的book和原文中的reserve是同义替换，都表示“预订”。故选B。BAbout15yearsago,AndrewMcLindon,abusinessmanandcyclingenthusiast,wasridinghisbikeinAustin,Texas,whenhethoughtaboutagoodfriend^12-year-oldson.Theboyhadneverknownthejoyofbikingbecausehesufferedfromhydrocephalus,abuildupofliquidinthebrainthatoftencausesbalancedisturbances.Whenhegothome,McLindon,now60,wentonlineandfoundathree-wheelbikewithaseatbelt,perfectforachildwithbalanceissues.Soontheboywaspedalingaroundthestreetwithhisfriends,havingfunandgettingexercise.Buttherewasmore,asMcLindonobtainedfromhisfriend'sreaction."ToseehissoninteractingwithotherkidsJMcLindonsays,"I'llneverforgetthesmileontheboy'sface.”ThatsmilehascontributedtolaunchingtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.Fundedbydonations,thegroupworkswithchildren'sclinicstofindchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowninganadaptivebikeandhelpcrafteachbiketotheparticularneedsofthespecialchild.Abikemayincludeaheadrest,ashoulderharness,aseatbelt,andacaregiver'ssteeringandbrakingmechanismintheback.Thebikesareexpensive——$3,000to$4,000,andthafswiththefoundation'ssteepproducer'sdiscount.Forkidsluckyenoughtogetone,they9realifechanger.“Weworkedwitha14-year-oldgirlwhohasspinabifida（脊柱裂）JsaysMcLindon."ShespentmostdaysonthecouchwatchingTV.Soonaftershegotherbike,shewastrainingforprofessionalsportstraining.Inamagazineinterview,shesaid,4alwaysknewtherewasanathleteinme.'”Sofar,thefoundationhasgivenaway450bikes,andthafsjustastart."Idoalotofthings.Irunalotofcompanies,McLindonsays."ButgettingthesekidstheirbikesisthemostimportantthingthatIdo.”WhichofthefollowingledMcLindontostartthefoundation?Hisenthusiasmforcycling.Thejoyabikebroughttoakid.Theproposalfromhisgoodfriend.Hisson'ssufferingfromabraindisease.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebikesfromthetext?Theylackfundsupport.Theyhavesafetyissues.Theyareverycheapandaffordable.Theyaredesignedfordisabledkids.Whatchangedidthebikebringtothe14-year-oldgirl?Sherecoveredphysically.ShestoppedwatchingTV.Herathleticpotentialwasdeveloped.Herdesiretogivewasstimulated.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Abikeseller.Life-alteringcycles.A.Abikeseller.间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段对话，回答第6、7题。Whydoesthemanwanttochangehisjob?Heisnotsatisfiedwithhissalary.Hiscoworkersaren'tkindtohim.Theenvironmentisn'tagreeable.Whatwillthewomandofortheman?Findhimanewjob.Lendhimsomemoney.Helphimapplyforaloan.听第7段对话，回答第8至10题。Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?Thewoman'spoorhealth.Thecleaningofthefloor.Theprizeforagoodjob.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Doctorandpatient. C.Bossandemployee.WhatdoweknowabouttheRoomba?Ithelpsthemanwithhiswork.Itcoststhewomannearly$400.Itfreesusersofheavyhousework.听第8段对话，回答第11至13题。Whydoesthewomanprefertobuyanelectriccar?A.Itslowprice. B.Environmentalprotection. C.Itspowerfulengine.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardsthewideuseofelectriccars?A.Supportive. B.Worried. C.Unconcerned.Whatdoesthemanthinkthistownneedstodo?Broadentheroads.Limitthenumberofcars.C.Improvepublictransport.Mentally-disabledkids.Aninteractiveplatform.Mentally-disabledkids.Aninteractiveplatform.【答案】4.B 5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自行车爱好者安德鲁•麦克林登创立麦克林登家族基金会，为平衡感有问题的孩子们制作适合他们骑行的特殊自行车。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theboyhadneverknownthejoyofbikingbecausehesufferedfromhydrocephalus,abuildupofliquidinthebrainthatoftencausesbalancedisturbances.（这个男孩从未体验过骑自行车的乐趣，因为他患有脑积水，脑积水经常导致平衡障碍。）”以及第二段中“McLindonsaysJTllneverforgetthesmileontheboy'sfhce.”（麦克林登说：“我永远不会忘记那个男孩脸上的笑容。“）”以及第三段中"ThatsmilehascontributedtolaunchingtheMcLindonFamilyFoundation.（他的微笑促成了麦克林登家族基金会的成立。）”可知，麦克林登看到那些从未体验过骑自行车乐趣的孩子们骑上了自行车，孩子们脸上的笑容促使他成立基金会。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Fundedbydonations,thegroupworkswithpediatricrehab（小儿科康复）clinicstofindchildrenwhocanbenefitfromowninganadaptivebike一andtohelpcrafteachbiketotheparticularneedsofthechild.Abikemayincludeaheadrest,ashoulderharness,aseatbelt,andacaregiver'ssteeringandbrakingmechanismintheback.（在捐款的资助下,该组织与儿科康复诊所合作，寻找能够从拥有一辆自适应自行车中受益的儿童，并帮助根据儿童的特殊需要设计每辆自行车。自行车可能包括头枕、肩带、安全带，以及背部护理人员的转向和制动机构）”可知，这种自行车是为平衡感有问题的孩子们制作的适合他们骑行的特殊自行车，即它们是为残疾儿童设计的。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“"ShespentmostdaysonthecouchwatchingTV.Soonaftershegotherbike,shewastrainingforprofessionalsportstraining.Inamagazineinterview,shesaid,'Ialwaysknewtherewasanathleteinme.'”（"她大部分时间都窝在沙发上看电视。在她得到自行车后不久，她就开始接受专业运动训练。在一次杂志采访中，她说，'我一直都知道自己有运动员的潜质。'"可知，自行车让这个14岁的女孩知道自己有运动员的潜质，即她的运动潜力得到了开发。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了自行车爱好者安德鲁・麦克林登创立麦克林登家族基金会，为平衡感有问题的孩子们制作适合他们骑行的特殊自行车，从而改变了他们的生活。故B选项“Life-alteringcycles.（改变一生的自行车。）”概括文章主要内容。故选B。CTheuniverseisincrediblyvast.Thediameter（直径）oftheobservableuniverseisestimatedtobeabout93billionlightyearsacross.Withjustoureyes,wecangenerallyonlyseeafewthousandlightyearsworthofdistancethoughtherearesomeobjectswecanseethataremuchfurtheraway.ThefarthestobjectwecanseewithoureyesisAndromedaGalaxy（仙女座星系）located2.5millionlightyearsaway,andyetitisonlyvisibleifthereislittlelightpollution.Inordertoseefartherintospace,wemustrelyontelescopes.Howfarcanweseeusingthemostpowerfultelescopes?TheHubbleSpaceTelescope（HST）wastherecordholderforthefarthestvisibledistanceinspaceuntilthelaunchoftheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope（JWST）in2021.JWSTisnowthemostpowerfultelescopeeverbuilt,anditisabletoseetheuniverseasitwasonly200millionyearsaftertheBigBang.ThatmeansthatJWSTisabletopiecetogetheranadditional300millionyearsofuniversalhistorycomparedtoHST.JWSTwillbeabletostudysomeofthefirstgalaxiestoformaftertheBigBang.ThefarthestphysicaldistancewecanseeistheCosmicMicrowaveBackgroundRadiation（CMBR）.CMBRcanbethoughtofastheecho（回声）oftheBigBangasitistheleftoverradiationfromthebirthoftheuniverse.TheCMBRitselfisthefarthestpossibledistancehumanscanseeasitrepresentsthemomentthattheuniversebecametransparenttolight.AlthoughlightdidexistbeforeCMBR,gasanddustweresimplytoodenseforlighttocrossspace.CMBRformedonly380,000yearsaftertheBigBang,andsoweareseeingtheuniversepriortotheformationofeventhefirststars.WhydoestheauthormentionAndromedaGalaxy?A.Topresenttheoriginoftheuniverse.Tostresstheseverityofspacepollution.Toshowthelimitedrangeofhumanvision.Toprovehumans*wonderfulviewofspace.WhatdoweknowaboutJWST?Itwaslaunchedin2022.ItismoreadvancedthanHST.CItcansee300millionyearsaftertheBigBang.D.Itwasusedtostudytheformationofthefirstgalaxies.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dense"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Distant. B.Rare.C.Tiny.D.Thick.C.Tiny.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?B.HowWillJWSTBeApplied?D.HowFarCanJWSTSee?A.HowFarCanHumansSeeInSpace?B.HowWillJWSTBeApplied?D.HowFarCanJWSTSee?C.HowWillHumansExploreSpace?【答案】8.C 9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了我们用肉眼观察到的宇宙范围十分有限，但是在太空望远镜的帮助下可以看到大爆炸后形成的第一批星系。【8题详解】目的意图题。根据文章第一段中“Withjustoureyes,wecangenerallyonlyseeafewthousandlightyearsworthofdistance.（仅凭我们的眼睛，我们通常只能看到几千光年的距离。）”以及“Inordertoseefartherintospace,wemustrelyontelescopes.Howfarcanweseeusingthemostpowerfultelescopes?（为了看得更远的太空，我们必须依靠望远镜。使用最强大的望远镜，我们能看到多远?）"可知，作者提到仙女座星系是想表达肉眼可见范围十分有限，故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题o根据文章第二段“TheHubbleSpaceTelescope(HST)wastherecordholderforthefarthestvisibledistanceinspaceuntilthelaunchoftheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(JWST)in2021.(在2021年詹姆斯•韦伯太空望远镜(JWST)发射之前，哈勃太空望远镜(HST)一直是太空最远可见距离的纪录保持者。)”及uThatmeansthatJWSTisabletopiecetogetheranadditional300millionyearsofuniversalhistorycomparedtoHST.JWSTwillbeabletostudysomeofthefirstgalaxiestoformaftertheBigBang.(这意味着与HST相比，JWST能够再拼凑3亿年的普世历史。）”可知，JWST（詹姆斯•韦伯太空望远镜）比HST（哈勃太空望远镜）更先进可以观测到更远的范围，故选B。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中uAlthoughlightdidexistbeforeCMBR,gasanddustweresimplytoodenseforlighttocrossspace（虽然光在宇宙微波背景辐射之前就已经存在，但气体和尘埃的密度太大，光无法穿过空间。）”以及结合光无法穿过空间可知，是因为气体和尘埃的原因，光无法穿过的可能性是气体和尘埃密度太大，故选D。【11题详解】标题判断题。根据第一段最后一句"Howfarcanweseeusingthemostpowerfultelescopes?（使用最强大的望远镜，我们能看到多远）”及各段大意，文章第一段主要讲述了肉眼可见最远距离，第二段讲述了新的詹姆斯•韦伯太空望远镜的优势，第三段讲述了我们能看到的最远物理距离。可知，文章主要讲述了人类可观测到的最远距离，故选A。DInmanycasualdiscussionoflanguageontheInternet,it'scommontohearabouthow"textspeak（短信语言）“isruininglanguage.Somepeoplearguethattechnologyhasmadeuslazyabouthowwespeakandwrite.Mainstreammediahavecomplainedaboutthewayinwhichpeoplecommunicateusingtechnology.Ofcourse,languagedoeschangewhenit'susedtotextorwritemessagesonline."Textspeak”isanevolutionoflanguage.Ifseventhefbcusofthefieldoflinguistics（语言学）calledComputer-MediatedCommunication（CMC）.Thisfieldisdevotedtothestudyofinteractionfacilitatedbytechnologylikecomputers,mobilephonesandtablets.Peoplehavebeencomplainingaboutlanguagebeing“ruined”aslongasthey'vebeenwritingandspeaking.Inatalk,linguistJohnMcWhortersharedstoriesofpeoplecomplainingaboutlanguagechangethroughtheages.HesaidinAD63,forexample,aRomanscholarcomplainedthatstudentsofLatinwerewritinginan"artificiallanguage^.Infact,thiswritingwasanewlanguagethatwouldbecomeFrench!Today,peopleareabletocommunicaterapidlyusingawidevarietyoftoolsandtechnologies.Perhapsnolinguisticdevelopmentbetterindicateschangesinthewayswecommunicatethanthepopularemoticon俵情符号），whichcanproduceveryclearpicturesinourminds.Theemoticonforexample,isavisualrepresentationofasmileyfaceturnedsideways.Althoughanemoticonmaylooklikeasmile,afrownoranynumberoffacialexpressions,itdoesn'treallyrepresentaface.Instead,it'sintendedtoexpressafeeling,suchas'Tmhappy"or'justjoking”.Emoticonsthatrepresentthesefeelingsarewhatlinguistscalldiscourseparticles.Thesearelittlepiecesoflanguagethatofferinformationaboutthetoneofthestatementthoughsomeeldersfeelpuzzledaboutit.Farfromruininglanguage,itturnsoutthat“textspeak“enablespeopletocommunicatecomplexfeelingsinasimple,streamlinedmanner.Thiskindofchangeisperfectforthemodern,fast-pacedworld.Whathavemainstreammediacomplainedaboutaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Communicationbarriers. B.Themodeofcommunication.C.Technologicalinnovations.D.Thelazinessofmodernpeople.C.Technologicalinnovations.D.Thelazinessofmodernpeople.Howdoestheauthorsupporttheargumentonlanguageevolution?A.Bygivinganexample.C.Bymakingcomparisons.Howdoestheauthorsupporttheargumentonlanguageevolution?A.Bygivinganexample.C.Bymakingcomparisons.Whichwordcanbestdescribeemoticons?B.Byconductinganexperiment.D.Byunderlyingassumptions.A.Misty.B.Violent.C.Vivid.D.A.Misty.B.Violent.C.Vivid.D.Mysterious.15.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowards"textspeak^?A.Approving.B.Tolerant.C.Unconcerned.D.Unclear.A.Approving.B.Tolerant.C.Unconcerned.D.Unclear.【答案】12.B 13.A14.C15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过对比人们对于短信语言的使用的不同态度，进而提出自己的观点：这种变化非常适合现代快节奏的世界。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第——段中uMainstreammediahavecomplainedaboutthewayinwhichpeoplecommunicateusingtechnology.v（主流媒体抱怨人们使用科技进行交流的方式。）可知，主流媒体抱怨的是人们的沟通方式。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Inatalk,linguistJohnMcWhortersharedstoriesofpeoplecomplainingaboutlanguagechangethroughtheages.HesaidinAD63,forexample,aRomanscholarcomplainedthatstudentsofLatinwerewritinginan"artificiallanguage,\Tnfact,thiswritingwasanewlanguagethatwouldbecomeFrench!”（在一次谈话中，语言学家约翰-麦克沃特分享了人们抱怨语言随着时代变化的故事。他举例说，在公元63年，一位罗马学者抱怨学生用“人工语言”写作。事实上，这种文字是一种新的语言，将成为法语！）可知，此处使用了举例子的方式证明了语言的进化。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中uPerhapsnolinguisticdevelopmentbetterindicateschangesinthewayswecommunicatethanthepopularemoticon（表情符号），whichcanproduceveryclearpicturesinourminds."（也许没有哪种语言的发展能比流行的表情符号更好地表明我们交流方式的变化，这种表情符号可以在我们的脑海中形成非常清晰的图像。）可知，表情符号是生动的。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thiskindofchangeisperfectforthemodern,fast-pacedworld."（这种变化非常适合现代快节奏的世界。）可知，作者对于使用表情符号等类似的短信语言的态度是赞同的。故选A。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theprocessbywhichrichlandbecomesdesertiscalleddesertification（沙漠化）.16TheU.N.saysupto45percentofAfrica'slandisimpactedbydesertification,worsethananyothercontinent.Africa'sGreatGreenWallisaprojecttobuildan8000-kilometer-longforestacross11ofthecontinent'scountries.TheprojectismeanttocontainthegrowingSaharaDesertandfightclimatechange.17Theyincludelimitedpoliticalsupport,lackofmoney,weakorganizationalstructures,andnotenoughconsiderationfortheenvironment.Just4millionhectaresoflandhavebeenturnedintoforestsincetheworkontheGreatGreenWallbegan15yearsago.18Launchedin2007,theprojectaimstoplantaforestfromSenegalontheAtlanticOceaninwesternAfricatoEritrea,EthiopiaandDjiboutiintheeast.19Itcouldalsoreducelevelsofclimate-relatedmigrationintheareaandcapturehundredsofmillionsoftonsofcarbondioxidefromtheair.20Theysaysomeprogresshasbeenmadeinrecentyearsintheeastofthecontinent.Forexample,effortsinEritreaandSudanhaveresultedinnearly140,000hectaresofnewlyplantedforest.TheU.N.desertificationagencysaystheprojectwillneedtoplantanaverageof8.2millionhectaresyearlytoreachitsgoalof100millionhectaresby2030.Ithassevereimpactsontheenvironment.Thatisonly4percentoftheprogram'sgoal.However,itisdifficulttocarryouttheproject.Buttheprojecthasbeenfacingmanyproblems.TheprojectwouldcreatemillionsofgreenjobsinruralAfrica.Despitemanyproblems,thoseinvolvedintheprojectremainhopeful.Somecountrieshavestruggledtokeepupwiththedemandsoftheproject.【答案】16.A17.D18.B 19.E20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲绿色长城项目的进展情况。【16题详解】根据下文“TheU.N.saysupto45percentofAfrica'slandisimpactedbydesertification,worsethananyotherco