2023年6月英语四级考试真题以及答案第2套

6月四级真题(第2套)PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewson.theimportanceoflearningbasicskills.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.A．Childrenshouldbetaughttobemorecareful.B．Childrenshouldn'tdrinksomuchorangejuice.C．Thereisnoneedforthemantomakesuchafuss.D．Timmyshouldlearntodothingsintherightway.2..A．Fitnesstraining.

B．Thenewjoboffer.C．Computerprogramming.

D．Directorshipoftheclub.3.A．Heneedstobuyanewsweater.

B．Hehasgottosaveonfuelbills.C．Thefuelpricehasskyrocketed.

D．Theheatingsystemdoesn'twork..4.A．Committingtheft.

B．Takingpictures.C．Windowshopping.

D．Posingforthecamera.5.A．Sheistakingsomemedicine.

B．Shehasnotseenadoctoryet.C．Shedoesnottrusttheman'sadvice.

D．Shehasalmostrecoveredfromthecough.6.A．Pamela'sreportisnotfinishedasscheduled.

B．Pamelahasahabitofdoingthingsinahurry.C．Pamelaisnotgoodatwritingresearchpapers.

D．Pamela'smistakescouldhavebeenavoided.7.A．Intheleft-luggageoffice.

B．Atthehotelreception.C．Inahotelroom.

D．Atanairport.8.A．Shewasanexcellentstudentatcollege.

B．Sheworksintheentertainmentbusiness.C．Sheisfondoftellingstoriesinherspeech.

D．Sheisgoodatconveyinghermessage.Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A．Arrangingthewoman'sappointmentwithMr.Romero.B．Fixingthetimeforthedesigner'slatestfashionshow.C．TalkingaboutanimportantgatheringonTuesday.D．PreparingforthefilmingonMondaymorning.10.A．HertraveltoJapan.B．Theawardsceremony.C．Theproperhairstyleforhernewrole.D．Whentostartthemakeupsession.11.A．HeisMr.Romero'sagent.B．Heisanentertainmentjournalist.C．Heisthewoman'sassistant.D．Heisafamousmoviestar.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A．Makeanappointmentforaninterview.B．Sendinanapplicationletter.C．Fillinanapplicationform.D．Makeabriefself-introductiononthephone.13.A．Someonehavingacollegedegreeinadvertising.B．Someoneexperiencedinbusinessmanagement.C．Someonereadytotakeonmoreresponsibilities.D．Someonewillingtoworkbeyondregularhours.14.A．Travelopportunities.B．Handsomepay.C．Prospectsforpromotion.D．Flexibleworkinghours.15.A．Itdependsontheworkinghours.B．Itisabout500poundsaweek.C．ItwillbesetbytheHumanResources.D．Itistobenegotiated.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.AfteryouhearaquestionyoumustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to19arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A．Togivecustomersawiderrangeofchoices.B．Tomakeshoppersseeasmanyitemsaspossible.C．Tosupplyasmanyvarietiesofgoodsasitcan.D．Tosavespaceformoreprofitableproducts.17.A．Onthetopshelves.B．Onthebottomshelves.C．Oneasilyaccessibleshelves.D．Onclearlymarkedshelves.18.A．Manyofthembuythingsonimpulse.B．Afewofthemarefatherswithbabies.C．Amajorityofthemareyoungcouples.D．Over60%ofthemmakeshoppinglists.19.A．Salesassistantspromotinghighmargingoods.B．Salesassistantsfollowingcustomersaround.C．Customerscompetingforgoodbargains.D．Customerslosingallsenseoftime.PassageTwoQuestions20to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.20.A．Teachingmathematicsataschool.B．Doingresearchinaninstitute.C．Studyingforacollegedegree.D．Workinginahi-techcompany.21.A．Hestudiedthedesignsofvariousclocks.B．Hedidexperimentsondifferentmaterials.C．Heboughtanalarmclockwithapigface.D．Heaskeddifferentpeoplefortheiropinions.

22.A．Itsautomaticmechanism.B．Itsmanufacturingprocess.C．Itswayofwakingpeopleup.D．Itsfunny-lookingpigface.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23.A．Itisoftencausedbyachangeofcircumstances.B．Itactuallydoesn'trequireanyspecialtreatment.C．Itusuallyappearsallofasudden.D．Itgenerallylastsforseveralyears.24.A．Theycannotmixwellwithothers.B．Theyirrationallyannoytheirfriends.C．Theydependheavilyonfamilymembers.D．Theyblameothersforignoringtheirneeds.25.A．Theylackconsistentsupportfrompeers.B．Theydoubttheirownpopularity.C．Theywerebornpsychologicallyweak.D．Theyfocustoomuchonthemselves.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtimeyouarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Therewasatimewhenanypersonalinformationthatwasgatheredaboutuswastypedonapieceofpaperand(26)________inafilecabinet.Itcouldremainthereforyearsand,often(27)________,neverreachtheoutsideworld.Thingshavedoneacompleteabout-facesincethen.(28)________thechangehasbeentheastonishinglyswiftdevelopmentinrecentyearsofthecomputer.Today,anydatathatiscollectedaboutusinoneplaceoranother--andforonereasonoranother--canbestoredinacomputerbank.Itcanthenbeeasilypassedtoothercomputerbanks.Theyareownedby(29)________andbyprivatebusinessesandcorporations,lendinginstitutions,directmailingandtelemarketingfirms,creditbureaus,creditcardcompanies,andgovernmentagenciesatthelocal,state,and(30)________level.AgrowingnumberofAmericansareseeingtheaccumulationand(31)________ofcomputerizeddataasafrighteninginvasionoftheirprivacy.SurveysshowthatthenumberoftheworryingAmericanshasbeen(32)________growingovertheyearsasthecomputerbecomesincreasingly(33)________,easiertooperate,andlesscostlytopurchaseand(34)________.In1970,anationalsurveyshowedthat37%ofthepeoplequestionedfelttheirprivacywasbeinginvaded.Sevenyearslater,47percentexpressedthesameworry.Arecentsurveybyacreditbureaureviewedthatthenumberofalarmedcitizenshad(35)________to76%.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Walking,ifyoudoitvigorouslyenough,istheoverallbestexerciseforregularphysicalactivity.Itrequiresnoequipment,everyoneknowshowtodoitanditcarriesthe___36_____riskofinjury.Thehumanbodyisdesignedtowall.Youcanwalkinparksoralongariverorinyourneighborhood.Toget___37_____benefitfromwalking,aimfor45minutesaday,anaverageoffivedaysaweek.Strengthtrainingisanotherimportant___38_____of.physicalactivity.Itspurposeistobuildand____39____boneandmusclemass,bothofwhichshrinkwithage.Ingeneral,youwillwanttodostrengthtrainingtwoorthreedaysaweek,___40_____recoverydaysbetweensessions.Finally,flexibilityandbalancetrainingare___41_____importantasthebodyages.Achesandpains,arehighonthelistofcomplaintsinoldage.Theresultofconstantmuscletensionandstiffnessofjoints,manyofthemare___42_____,andsimpleflexibilitytrainingcan____43____thesebymakingmusclesstrongerandkeepingjointslubricated(润滑).Someofthisyoudowheneveryoustretch.Ifyouwatchdogsandcats,you'llgetanideaofhownaturalitis.Thegeneral___44_____issimple:wheneverthebodyhasbeeninonepositionforawhile,itisgoodto___45_____stretchitinanoppositeposition.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A．allowingB．avoidableC．brieflyD．componentE．determinedF．helpingG．increasinglyH．lowestI．maintainJ．maximumK．preventL．principleM．provokeN．seriouslyO．topicSectionBDirections/Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.CanDigitalTextbooksTrulyReplacethePrintKind?A．Theshortcomingsoftraditionalprinteditiontextbooksareobvious:Forstartersthey'reheavy,withtheaveragephysicstextbookweighing3.6pounds.They'realsoexpensive,especiallywhenyoufactorintheaveragecollegestudent'slimitedbudget,typicallycostinghundredsofdollarseverysemester.Buttheworstpartisthatprintversionsoftextbooksareconstantlyundergoingrevisions.Manyprofessorsrequirethattheirstudentsuseonlythelatestversionsintheclassroom,essentiallyrenderingoldertextsunusable.Forstudents,itmeansthey'rebasicallystuckwithafourpoundpaperweightthattheyCan'tsellback.B．Whichiswhydigitaltextbooks,iftheyliveuptotheirpromise,couldhelpeasemanyoftheseshortcomings.Buttillnow,they'vebeensomethinglikeamirage(幻影)inthedistance,morelikeahazy(模糊旳)dreamthananactualreality.Imaginethepromise:Carryingallyourtextbooksina1.3poundiPad?ItSoundsalmosttoogoodtobetrue.Butthereareafewpilotschoolsalreadymakingthetransition(过渡)overtodigitalbooks.UniversitieslikeCornell.andBrownhavejumpedonboard.AndonemedicalprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,gavetheirentireclassiPadswithwhichtodownloadtextbooksjustlastyear.C．Butnotallwereeagertojumpaboard."PeopleweretiredofusingtheiPadtextbookbesidesusingitforreading,"saysKalpitShah,whowillbegoingintohissecondyearatIrvine'smedicalprogramthisfall."Theyweren'tusingitasasourceofcommunicationbecausetheycouldn'treadorwriteinit.Soathirdofthe-peopleinmyprogramwereusingtheiPadinclasstotakenotes,theotherthirdwereusinglaptopsandthelastthirdwereusingpaperandpencil."Thereasonithasn'tcaughtonyet,hetellsme,isthatthefunctionalityofe-editiontextbooksisincrediblylimited,andsomestudentsjustaren'tmotivatedtolearnnewstudybehavior.D．ButanewapplicationcalledInldingmightchangeallthat.Thecompanyjustreleasedanupdatedversionlastweek,andit'llbeutilizedinover50undergraduateandgraduateclassroomsthiscomingschoolyear."Digitaltextbooksarenotgoingtocatchon,"saysInklingCEOMattMacInnisashe'sgivingmeademo(演示)overcoffee."WhatImeanbythatisthecurrentperspectiveofthedigitaltextbookisit'sanexactcopyoftheprintbook.There'sCourseSmart,etc.,theseguyswhotakeanimageofthepageandputitonascreen.Ifthat'showwe'redefiningdigitaltextbooks,there'snohopeofthatbecomingamainstreamproduct."HecallsInklingaplatformforpublisherstobuildrichmultimediacontentfromthegroundup,withaheavyemphasisonreal-worldfunctionality.Thetraditionaltextbookmerelyserves.asaskeleton.E．AtfirstglanceInklingisanimpressiveexperience.Afterswiping(触击)intotheiPadapp(应用软件),whichyoucangetforfreehere,heopensupafewdifferenttypesoftextbooks.Upfirstisachemistrybook.Theboottimeisprettyfast,andhenavigatesthrough(浏览)afewchaptersbeforeswipingintoafullyrendered3Dmoleculethatcanbespunaroundtoviewitsvariousbuildingblocks."Publishersgiveusallofthesourcemedia,artwork,videos,"hesays."Wehelpthemthinkthroughhowtoactuallybuildsomethingforthisplatform."Nexthepullsupamusiccompositiontextbook,completewithplayabledemos.It'salearningexperiencethatattacksyoufrommultiplesensorydirections.It'sclearwhythiswouldbesomethingamusicmajorwouldlove.F．ButthemostexcitingpartaboutInkling,tome,isitsnotation(批注)system.Here'showitworks:Whenyoupurchaseausedprintbook,itcomeswithitspreviousowner'shighlightsandnotesinthemargins.Itusestheexperienceofsomeonewhoalreadywentthroughtheclasstohelpimproveyourreading(howmuchyoutrusteachnotationisobviouslyuptoyou).ButwithInkling,youcanhighlightapieceofcontentandmakenotes.Here'swherethingsgetinteresting,though:IfaparticularlyimportantpassageishighlightedbymultipleInklingusers,thatinformationisstoredonthecloudandisavailableforanyonereadingthesametextbooktocomeacross.ThatmeansusershaveaccesstonotesfromnotonlytheirclassmatesandFacebookfriends,butanyonewhopurchasedthebookacrossthecountry.ThebestcommentsarethenSorteddemocraticallybyavotingsystem,meaningthatyoursociallearningexperienceissharedwiththebestandbrightestthinkers.Asabonus,professorscanevenchimein(插话)ondiscussions.They'llbeabletoanswer"thequestionsofstudentswhoareintheirclassdirectlyviatheinteractiveb6ok.G．Ofcourse,InklingaddressesSeveraloftheothershortcomingsintraditionalprint,aswell.Textbookversionsareconstantlyupdated,motivatingpublishersbyminimizingproductioncosts(thebigoneslikeMcGraw-Hillarealreadyonboard).Furthermore,studentswillbeabletopurchasesectionsofthetextinsteadofbuyingthewholething,withindividualchapterscostingaslittleas$2.99.H．Thereare,however,challenges."Ittakeseffortstobuildeachbook,"MacInnistellsme.Andit'sclearwhy.Eachinteractivetextbookisamedia-heavyexperiencebuiltfromthegroundup,andyoucantellthatittakesarespectableamountofmanpowertoputtogethereachone.FornowtheappisalsoiPad-exclusive,andthoughafewoftheseeducationalinstitutionsaregivingthehardwareawayforfree,forotherstudentswhodon'thavesuchaluxuryit'sanaddedlayerofcost--andanexpensiveoneatthat.I．Butthismuchisclear:Thetraditionaltextbookmodelisandhasbeenbrokenforquitesometime.WhetherdigitallyinteractiveoneslikeInklingactuallytakeoffornotremainstobeseen,andweprobablywon'thaveadefmiteanswerforthenextfewyears.However,thesolutiontoanyproblembeginswithastepinadirection.Andat.leastfornow,thathazymirageinthedistance?Alittlemoretangible(可触摸旳)，alittlelessofadream.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.TheupdatedversionofInklingworksasaplatformforbuildingmultimediaContent.47.SomestudentsinthemedicalprogramattheUniversityofCalifornia,IrvinestillusepaperandpencilinclassbecausetheyfindittroublesometotakenoteswithaniPad.48.Oneofthechallengestobuildaninteractivedigital.textbookfromthegroundupisthatitrakesagreat.dealofmanpower.49.Thoughwhetherdigitaltextbookswillcatchonstillremaintobeseen,thedreamhasbecomemoretangible.50.ThemostinterestingpartofInkling'snotationsystemisthatonecansharehislearningexperiencewiththebestandbrightestthinkers.51.Studentscanonlybuycertainsectionsofthetextbookratherthanthewholeone,whichlessensstudents'financialburden.52.Thebiggestproblemwithtraditionalprinttextbooksisthattheyarenotreusedonceaneweditioncomesout.53.Oneproblemforstudentstoreplacetraditionaltextbookswithinteractivedigitalonesisthehighcostofthehardware.54.Afewuniversitieshavealreadystartedtousedigitaltextbooksincertaincourses.55.InklingCEOexplainsthattheproblemwithCourseSmart'scurrentdigitaltextbooksisthattheyarenomorethanprintversionsputonascreen.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Junkfoodiseverywhere.We'reeatingwaytoomuch.ofit.Mostofusknowwhatwe'redoingand.yetwedoitanyway.Sohere'sasuggestionofferedbytworesearchersattheRandCorporation:Whynottakealessonfromalcoholcontrolpoliciesandapplythemtowherefoodissoldandhowit'sdisplayed?"Manypolicymeasurestocontrolobesity(肥胖症)assume.thatpeopleconsciouslyandrationallychoosewhatandhowmuchtheyeatand.thereforefocusonprovidinginformationandmoreaccesstohealthierfoods,"notethetworesearchers."Incontrast,"theresearcherscontinue,"manyregulationsthatdon'tassumepeoplemakerationalchoiceshavebeensuccessfullyappliedtocontrolalcohol,asubstancelikefood--ofwhichimmoderateconsumptionleadstoserioushealthproblems."Theresearchreferencesstudiesofpeople'sbehaviorwithfoodandalcoholandresultsofalcoholrestrictions,andthenlistsfiveregulationsthattheresearchersthinkmightbepromisingifappliedtojunkfoods.Amongthem:Densityrestrictions:licensestosellalcoholaren'thandedoutunplannedtoallcomersbutareallotted(分派)basedonthenumberofplacesinanareathatalready.sellalcohol.Thesemakealcohollesseasytogetandreducethenumberofpsychologicalcuestodrink.Similarly,theresearcherssay,beingpresentedwithjunkfoodstimulatesourdesiretoeatit.SOwhynotlimitthedensityoffoodoutlets,particularlyonesthatsellfoodrichinemptycalories?Andwhynotlimitsaleoffoodinplacesthataren'tprimarilyfoodstores?Displayandsalesrestrictions:Californiahasaruleprohibitingalcoholdisplaysnearthecashregistersingasstations,andinmostplacesyoucan'tbuyalcoholatdrive-throughfacilities.Atsupermarkets,foodcompaniespaytohavetheirwaresinplaceswherethey'reeasilyseen.Onecouldremovejunkfoodtothebackofthestoreandbanthemfromtheshelvesatcheckoutlines.Theothermeasuresincluderestrictingportionsizes,taxingandprohibitingspecialpricedealsforjunkfoods,andplacingwarninglabelsontheproducts.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。56.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutjunkfood?A．Peopleshouldbeeducatednottoeattoomuch.B．Itiswidelyconsumeddespiteitsillreputation.C．Itstemptationistoostrongforpeopletoresist.D．Itcausesmoreharmthanisgenerallyrealized..57.WhatdotheRandresearchersthinkofmanyofthepolicymeasurestocontrolobesity?A．Theyshouldbeimplementedeffectively.B．Theyprovidemisleadinginformation.C．Theyarebasedonwrongassumptions.D．Theyhelppeoplemakerationalchoices.58.Whydopolicymakersofalcoholcontrolplacedensityrestrictions?A．Fewpeopleareabletoresistalcohol'stemptations.B．Therearealreadytoomanystoressellingalcohol.C．Drinkingstrongalcoholcancausesocialproblems.D．Easyaccessleadstocustomers'over-consumption.59.WhatisthepurposeofCalifornia'sruleaboutalcoholdisplayingasstations?A．Toeffectivelylimitthedensityofalcoholoutlets.B．Tohelpdriverstogiveupthehabitofdrinking.C．Topreventpossibletrafficjamsinnearbyareas.D．Togetalcoholoutofdrivers'immediatesight.60.WhatisthegeneralguidelinetheRandresearcherssuggestaboutjunkfoodcontrol?A．Guidingpeopletomakerationalchoicesaboutfood.B．Enhancingpeople'sawarenessoftheirownhealth.C．Borrowingideasfromalcoholcontrolmeasures.D．Resortingtoeconomic,legalandpsychologicalmeans.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Kodak'sdecisiontofileforbankruptcy(破产)protectionisasad,thoughnotunexpected,turningpointforaleadingAmericancorporationthatpioneeredconsumerphotographyanddominatedthefilmmarketfordecades,butultimatelyfailedtoadapttothedigitalrevolution.AlthoughmanyattributeKodak'sdownfallto"complacency(自满),"thatexplanationdoesn'tacknowledgethelengthstowhichthecompanywenttoreinventitself.Decadesago,Kodakanticipatedthatdigitalphotographywouldovertakefilm--andinfact,Kodakinventedthefirstdigitalcamera1975--butinafatefuldecision,thecomplychosetoshelfitsnewdiscoverytofocusonitstraditionalfilmbusiness.Itwasn'tthatKodakwasblindtothefuture,saidRebeccaHenderson,aprofessoratHarvardBusinessSchool,butratherthatitfailedtoexecuteonastrategytoconfrontit.Bythetimethecompanyrealizeditsmistake,itwastoolate.Kodakisanexampleofafirmthatwasverymuchawarethattheyhadtoadapt,andspentalotofmoneytryingtodoso,butultimatelyfailed.Largecompaniesbavadifficulttimeswitchingtonewmarketsbecausethereisatemptationtoputexistingassetsintothenewbusinesses.AlthoughKodakanticipatedtheinevitableriseofdigitalphotography,itscorporate(企业旳)culturewastoorootedinthesuccessesofthepastforittomakethecleanbreaknecessarytofullyembracethefuture.Theywereacompanystuckintime.Theirhistorywassoimportanttothem.Nowtheirhistoryhasbecomealiability.Kodak'sdownfalloverthelastseveraldecadeswasdramatic.In1976,thecompanycommanded90%ofthemarketforphotographicfilmand85%ofthemarketforcameras.Butthe1980sbroughtnewcompetitionfromJapanesefilmcompanyFujiPhoto,whichunderminedKodakbyofferinglowerpricesforfilmandphotosupplies.Kodak'sdecisionnottopursuetheroleofofficialfilmforthe1984LosAngelesOlympicswasamajormiscalculation.ThebidwentinsteadtoFuji,whichexploiteditssponsorshiptowinapermanentfootholdinthemarketplace.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。61.WhatdowelearnaboutKodak?A．Itwentbankruptallofasudden.B．Itisapproachingitsdownfall.C．Itinitiatedthedigitalrevolutioninthefilmindustry.D．Itisplayingthedominantroleinthefilmmarket.62.WhydoestheauthormentionKodak'sinventionofthefirstdigitalcamera?A．Toshowitsearlyattempttoreinventitself.B．Toshowitsefforttoovercomecomplacency.C．Toshowitsquickadaptationtothedigitalrevolution.D．ToshowitswilltocompetewithJapan'sFujiPhoto.63.Whydolargecompanieshavedifficultyswitchingtonewmarkets?A．Theyfinditcostlytogiveuptheirexistingassets.B．Theytendtobeslowinconfrontingnewchallenges.C．Theyareunwillingtoinvestinnewtechnology.D．Theyaredeeplystuckintheirgloriouspast.64.WhatdoestheauthorsayKodak'shistoryhasbecome?A．Aburden.B．Amirror.C．Ajoke.D．Achallenge.65.WhatwasKodak'sfatalmistake?A．Itsblindfaithintraditionalphotography.B．ItsfailuretoseeFujiPhoto'semergence.C．Itsrefusaltosponsorthe1984Olympics.D．Itsoverconfidenceinitscorporateculture.PartIVT