四校考研英语二语用完形新题型真题讲义

313253完形填空精201320142015习20112012I总 多项对应精 2011 2012 2014 小标题对应精 2007 2013 2015 参考答 “Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.一致性等）的辨识能力等。共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。在一篇240~280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结10在一篇约350词的文章中留出204个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构3“To“Tobeirreceable,onealwaysbe

考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇。除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生考生应能较熟练地掌握5500个左右常用英语词汇以及相关常用词组。考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。4““Tobeirreceable,one“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.”方法一（2001）Theernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcases…LordChancellor,willintroduceadraftbillthatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses3434.[A] [B][C] [D]（2007）By1830theformerSpanishandPortuguesecolonieshadeindependentnations.Theroughly20million1oftheselooked2tothe2.[A] [B][C] [D]（2014B）Thinnerisn’talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudies thatnormal-weightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.1.[A] [B][C] [D]alwaysbe方法二转折：buthoweveryetcontrarilyincontrastonthe让步：although,though,evenifeventhough,even,despiteinspiteof(thefactthat),regardlessof…对比：whilewhereasratherthan,insteadof（2000）Hemuststorealargetyofgrain41,consumingallhisgrainimmediay.41.[A] [B]aswell[C]instead [D]more（2007）Ontheissueof8ofreligionandthepositionofthechurch,9,therewaslessagreement10theleadership.9.[A] [B][C] [D]（2007）12mostleaderssoughttomaintainCatholicism13 officialreligionofthenewstates，somesoughttoendthe14ofother12.[A] [B][C] [D]（2013B）Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically.1atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.[A] [B][C] [D]（2016A）Thedivorcedmaledoesn’thaveawaitingperiodbeforehecanremarry20thewomanmustwaittenmonths.““Tobeirreceable,one 20.[A] [B]so[C] [D]in

“Thereisnofriendloyalasabook.并列：and,andalso,or,neither…nor,either…or,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellassame…asviceversa…递进：also,besides,additionally,inaddition,furthermore,moreover,whatismore,indeed,actually,ineffect,infact,aboveall,notonly…but（2014B）Teachers,employers,andhealthprofessionalshavebeenshowntoharborbiasesagainsttheobese.17veryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.17.[A] [B] [D]（2016B）Companieslocatedinceswithhappierpeopleinvestmore,accordingtoarecentresearchpaper.2,firmsinhappycesspendmoreonR&D(researchanddevelopment).[A]In [B]In[C]In [D]In（2017A）1helyoufeelcloseandconnectedtopeopleyouabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringahostofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.[A] [B] [D]because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so…that,such…that,alwaysbe

orderthat,consequently,accordingly,dueto,thanksto,onaccountof,becauseof,consideringthat,consequently,inthat,asaconsequence,asaresult…（2004）Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents,34,childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome.34.[A] [B][C] [D]12thoseinpowerandhavenoneedto13politicalsupport.11.[A] [B][C] [D]suchas,forexample,forinstance,totakeanexample,morespecificallyspeaking,including…（2001）Theernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcases31thetrialRosemary31.[A]as [B]for[C]in [D]such（2005）Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptors19forandemergencysignals20thesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.20.[A]similar [B]such[C]along [D]asidethen,when,whenever,before,after,until,till, meanwhile,inthe ,atthesame

“Thereisnofriendloyalasabook.（2009）…Arehumansactuallyawareoftheworldtheylivein? theresultsareinconclusive.20.[A]By [B]In[C]So [D]Better（2016A）5aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying 6agoodfamily.5.[A] [B] if,onlyif,ifonly,unless,otherwise,assoonas,aslongas,incase,lest,supposethat,supposingthat,providedthat,providingthat…（2000）Hecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhisfamily42heproducesasurplus.42.[A]only [B]much[C]long [D]ever （2009）Webelievethat15animalsranthelabs,theywouldtestusto16thelimitsofourpatience,ourfaithfulness,ourmemoryforlocations.[A] [B][C] [D]““Tobeirreceable,onealwaysbe方法三（2001）Concernswereraised49witnessesmightbeencouragedtoexaggeratetheirstoriesincourtto50guiltyverdict.50.[A] [B][C] [D]（2006）Manyothers,14notaddictedormentallyill,simplylacktheeveryday15skillsneedtoturntheirlives16.[A] [B][C] [D]（2008）Togetherwithanothertwoscientists,heispublishingapaperwhichnotonly7thatonegroupofhumanityismoreinligentthantheothers,butexinstheprocessthathasbroughtthisabout.7.[A] [B][C] [D]（2010A）Ithopedtheywouldlearnhowshop-floorlighting1workers’[A] [B] [D]（2006）11whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda12thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberspendthebulkofeachday13the12.[A] [B][C] [D] （2006“Therehastobe20ofprograms.Whatweneedisapackage20.[A] [B][C] [D]（2012B）Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe14sideofthewar,writingaboutthedirt-snow-and-mudsoldiersnothowmany were15orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated.14.[A] [B][C] [D]（2016B）Tofindout,theresearcherscontrolledforvarious10thatmightmakefirmsmorelikelytoinvest—likesize,industry,andsales—andforindicatorsthatacewas11tolivein,likegrowthinwages11.[A] [B][C] [D]

“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.alwaysbe方法四（2006）5everyoneagreesonthenumberofAmericanswhoare5.[A] [B][C] [D]（2009）Fruitflieswhoweretaughttobesmarterthantheaveragefruitfly2toliveshorterlives.Thissuggeststhat3bulbsburnlonger,thatisan4innotbeingtooterrifically3.[A] [B][C] [D]（2011A)Laughterdoes2short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels,3heartrateandoxygenconsumption.3.[A] [B][C] [D]（2014A）Asthebrain2,werefertotheseoccurrencesas“senior[A] [B] [D]“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.3.完形填空解题步骤“Tobeirreceable,onemustalwaysbedifferent.”

精2013Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically.1atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed,predictionshavebeen2fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition.Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicofpaymentwouldsoon“revolutionizethevery3ofmoneyitself”,to4itselfseveralyearslater.Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso5incoming?Althoughelectronicmeansofpaymentmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystembasedonpaper,severalfactorswork6thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itisvery7 tosetupthecomputer,cardreader,and municationsnetworksnecessarytomakeelectronicmoneythe formofpayment.Second,papercheckshavetheadvantagethatthey9receipts,somethingthatmanyconsumersareunwillingto10.Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof“float”—ittakesseveraldays acheckiscashedandare12fromtheissuer’saccount,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckcanearninterestonthefundsintheme .13electronicpaymentsareimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer.,electronicmeansofpaymentmay14securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeen abletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation Thefactthatthisisnotan16occurrencemeansthatdishonestsmightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentsystems fromsomeoneelse’saccounts.The ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andanewfieldofcomputerscienceisdevelo 19securityissues.Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic20thatcontainsalargeamountofaldata.Thereareconcernsthaternment,employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyviolatingour[A] [B] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A]give [B]take [C]bring [D]pass[A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [A] [B] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A]consideration[B] [C]manipulation[D][A]cope [B]fightagainst[C]adapt [D]call[A] [B] [C] [D]

“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.“Tobeirreceable,one “Tobeirreceable,onealwaysbe116.take17.pass18.19.20.21.22.23.9.base24.10.25.11.26.12.27.13.set28.14.29.cope15.30.adapt

“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeThird,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldays—ittakesseveraldaysbeforeacheckiscashedandfundsarewithdrawnfromtheissuer’saccount,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckcaninterestonthefundsintheme Thefactthatthisisnotan monoccurrencemeansthat smightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentsystemsandstealfromsomeoneelse’saccounts.“To“Tobeirreceable,onealwaysbe2014Thinnerisn’talwaysbetter.Anumberofstudieshave1thatnormal-weightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.Andtherearehealthconditionsforwhichbeingoverweightisactually2.Forexample,heavierwomenarelesslikelytodevelopcalciumdeficiencythanthinwomen.3amongtheelderly,beingsomewhatoverweightisoftenan4ofgoodhealth.Ofevengreater5isthefactthatobesityturnsouttobeverydifficulttodefine.Itisoftendefined6bodymassindex,orBMI.BMI7bodymassdividedbythesquareofheight.AnadultwithaBMIof18to25isoftenconsideredtobenormalweight.Between25and30isoverweight.Andover30isconsideredobese.Obesity,8,canbedividedintomoderayobese,severelyobese,andveryseverelyobese.Whilesuchnumericalstandardsseem9,theyarenot.Obesityisprobablylessamatterofweightthanbodyfat.SomepeoplewithahighBMIareinfactextremelyfit,10otherswithalowBMImaybeinpoor11.Forexample,manycollegiateandprofessionalfootballyers12asobese,thoughtheirpercentagebodyfatislow.Conversely,someonewithasmallframemayhavehighbodyfatbuta13BMI.Todaywehavea(an)14tolabelobesityasadisgrace.Theoverweightaresometimes15inthemediawiththeirfacescovered. withobesityincludelaziness,lackofwillpower,andlowerprospectsforsuccess.Teachers,employers,andhealthprofessionals childrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools.Negativeattitudestowardobesity,18inhealthconcerns,havestimulatedanumberofanti-obesity19.Myownhospitalsystemhasbannedsugarydrinksfromitsfacilities.Manyemployershaveinstitutedweightlossandfitnessinitiatives.MiceObamalaunchedahigh-visibilityn20childhoodobesity,evenclaimingthatitrepresentsourgreatestnationalsecuritythreat.[A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A]interms [B]incase [C]infavor [D]inrespect[A] [B] [C] [D][A]in [B]in [C]in [D]in[A]complicated[B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C]opportunity[D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A]discussions[B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D]

“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.alwaysbe21.16.2.17.3.18.4.19.5.belikelyto20.inrespect6.21.divide7.22.8.23.9.turnoutto24.lookdown6.12.in27.13.28.14.29.15.interms30.

“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.1.Anumberofstudieshaveconcludedthatnormal-weightpeopleareinfactathigherriskofsomediseasescomparedtothosewhoareoverweight.Evenveryyoungchildrentendtolookdownontheoverweight,andteasingaboutbodybuildhaslongbeenaprobleminschools. MiceObamalaunchedahigh-visibilitynagainstchildhoodobesity,evenclaimingthatitrepresentsourgreatestnationalsecuritythreat.“To“Tobeirreceable,onealwaysbe2015Inourcontemporaryculture,theprospectofcommunicatingwith—ortoagreebythewaytheyclingtotheirphones,evenwithouta1onaIt’sasadreality—ourdesiretoavoidin ctingwithotherhumanbeings—becausethere’s2 tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldn’tknow intoyourphone.universalprotectionsendsthe4“Pleasedon’tapproachme.”Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedto ourOneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonWortmann,anexecutivementalcoach.Wefearrejection,orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswill “weird”.Wefearwe’llbe .Wefearwe’llbeStrangersareinherently tous,sowearemorelikelytofeel9whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsacquaintances.Toavoidthisuneasiness,we10tooureoursecurityblanket,”Wortmannsays.“Theyareourhappyglassesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore11.”Butonceweripofftheband-aid,tuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlookup,itdoesn’t12sobad.Inone2011experiment,behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederaskedcommuterstodotheunthinkable:Starta13.TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalktofellow14.“WhenDr.EpleyandMs.Schroederaskedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto15howtheywouldfeelaftertalkingtoastranger, theirown,”theNewYorkTimessummarizes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidn’texpectapositiveexperience,afterthey17withtheexperiment,“nota reportedhavingbeenembarrassed”.18,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosewithoutcommunication,whichmakesabsolutesense,19humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.It’sthat20:Talkingtostrangerscanmakeyoufeelconnected.

“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.1.[A][B][C][D]2.[A][B]1.[A][B][C][D]2.[A][B][C][D]3.[A][B][C][D]4.[A][B][C][D]5.[A][B][C][D]6.[A][B][C][D]7.[A][B][C] [D][A] [B] [A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B]conversation[C] [D]14.[A][B][C][D]15.[A]14.[A][B][C][D]15.[A][B][C][D]16.[A][B][C][D]17.[A]went[B]did[C]caught[D]put18.[A]In[B]In[C]In19.[A][B][C][D]20.[A][B][C][D]““Tobeirreceable,onealwaysbeclingplug ctcompare

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“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.It’sasadreality—ourdesiretoavoidinctingwithotherhumanbeings—becausethere’smuchtobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Strangersareinherentlyunfamiliartous,sowearemorelikelytofeelanxiouswhencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsand Infact,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosewithoutcommunication,whichmakesabsolutesense,sincehumanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.BBDBAACCDBABDBD“Tobeirreceable,onemustalwaysbedifferent.”BBDBAACCDBABDBD

“Thereisnofriendloyalasabook.electronicadjcashlessadjpaymentn.aroundthecornerpredictionbaseonefficientadj productiveadj.setupcheckn.receiptn.takeover

passdownaccountn.floatn.unauthorized 未 occurrence preventionn. justificationn.fraudcopewithadaptto鉴于电子货币的优势，你也许会认 迅速步入无现金 而这并非是罕 ，意味 分子能 “To“Tobeirreceable,onealwaysbediseasen.overweightadjprotectiveadj.belikelytodo很有可能做deficiencyn.indicatorn.turnouttobe结果是，原definev.inturnconservativeadjintermsof依据，就……

numericaladjframen.constantadj不变的，经inrespectofdivideintodisgracenassociate…with与……联lookdownonprospectn.claimv.·奥巴马推出了一项高度引人瞩目的对抗儿童肥胖运动，

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gratefuladjacquaintancen.turntopointtomysteriousadjripoffresistv.decayv. commutev.negotiationn.gothroughputupparticipantn.thriveoff“Tobeirreceable,onemustalwaysbedifferent.”

2011TheInternetaffordsanonymitytoitsusers,ablessingtoprivacyanddomofspeech.Butthatveryanonymityisalsobehindtheexplosionofcyber-crimethathas1acrosstheWeb.Canprivacybep2bringingsafetyandsecuritytoaworldthatseemsincreasingly3?Lastmonth,HowardSidt,thenation’scyber-czar,offeredthefederalernmenta4tomaketheWebasaferce—a“voluntarytrustedidentity”systemthatwouldbethehigh-tech5ofaphysicalafingerprintandaphotoIDcard,allrolled6one.Thesystemmightasmartidentitycard,oradigitalcredential7toaspecificcomputer,andwouldauthenticateusersatarangeofonlineservices.Theideaisto8afederationofprivateonlineidentitysystems.Userscould9whichsystemtojoin,andonlyregistereduserswhoseidentitieshavebeenauthenticatedcouldnavigatethosesystems.TheapproachcontrastswithonethatwouldrequireanInternetdriver’slicense10bytheernment. areamongcompaniesthatalreadyhavethese“singlesign-on”systemsthatmakeitpossibleforusersto11justoncebutusemanydifferentservices.12,theapproachwouldcreatea“walledgarden”incyberspace,withsafe“neighborhoods”andbright“streetlights”toestablishasenseofa13community.Mr. idtdescribeditasa“voluntaryecosystem”in“individualsandorganizationscancompleteonlinetransactions with14,trustingtheidentitiesofeachotherandtheidentitiesoftheinfrastructure15whichthetransactionruns”.Still,theadministration’snhas16privacyrightsSomeapudtheapproach;othersareconcerned.Itseemsclearthatsuchaschemeisaninitiativepushtowardwhatwould17beaInternet“driver’sThenhasalsobeengreetedwith18bysomecomputersecurityexperts,whoworrythatthe“voluntaryecosystem”envisionedbyMr.SidtwouldstillleavemuchoftheInternet19.TheyarguethatInternetusersshouldbe20toregisterandidentifythemselves,inthesamewaythatdriversmustbelicensedtodriveonpublicroads.

“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook. [A][B][C][D] [A] [A][B][C][D] [A][B][C][D] [A][B][C][D] [A][B][C][D] [A][B][C][D] [A][B][C][D] [A][B][C][D] [A][B][C][D] [A][B][C][D]10.[A][B][C][D]11.[A]carry[B]linger[C]set[D]log12.[A]In[B]In[C]In[D]In13.[A][B][C][D]14.[A][B][C][D]15.[A][B][C][D]16.[A][B][C][D]17.[A][B][C][D]18.[A][B][C][D]19.[A][B][C][D]“To“Tobeirreceable,onealwaysbe2012MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeG.I.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitusedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwho1inWorldWarIIandthepeopletheyliberated,theG.I.wasthe2mangrownintohero,thepoorfarmkidtornawayfromhishome,theguywho3alltheburdensbattles,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe4offoodshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.Thiswasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,5anaverageguy, thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesseenHisnameisn’tmuch.G.I.isjustamilitaryabbreviation7ernmentIssue,anditwasonallofthearticles8tosoldiers.Joe?Acommonnameforaguywho 9ittothetop.JoeBlow,Palooka,JoeMagrac…aworkingclassname.TheUnitedStateshas10hadaorvice-orsecretaryofstateJoe.G.I.Joehad careerfightingGerman,Japanese,andtroops.Heappearsasacharacterora12ofAmericanalities,inthe1945movieTheStoryofG.I.Joe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentErniePyle.Someofthesoldiers themselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe14sideofthewar,writingaboutthedirt-snow-and-mudsoldiers,nothowmanywere15orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated.Hisreports16 the“Willie”cartoonsoffamedStarsandStripesBillMaulden.Bothmen17thedirtandexhaustionofwar,the18ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheachotherandthecivilians:coffee,whiskey,shelter,sleep.19Egypt,France,andadozenmorecountries,I.JoewasanyAmericansoldiers, themostimportant intheir[A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A]handed [B]turnedover[C]brought [D]passed[A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D] [B]community[C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] cted[C] [D][A] [B]emphasized[C] [D][A] [B] [C] [D][A] [B] [D]

“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.“Tobeirreceable,onemustalwaysbedifferent.” DBACA DCCAD “Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.5210分。本部分为一篇长度为450～5505在一篇长度为450～550词的文章前有7个概括句或小标题。这些内容和篇章结构从这7个选项中选出最恰当的5个概括句或小标题填入52011年，2012年，2014年，2017年，201942013年，2015年，2016年，2018注：小标题对应是英一和英二的题型。大家可以利用英一真“Tobeirreceable,onemustalwaysbedifferent.”

精2011Directions:Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbyfindinginformationfromtherightcolumnthatcorrespondstoeachofthemarkeddetailsgivenintheleftcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Leadingdoctorstodayweighinonthedebateovertheroleinpromotingpublichealthbydemandingthatministersimpose“fattaxes”onunhealthyfoodandintroducecigarette-stylewarningstochildrenaboutthedangersofapoordiet.Thedemandsfollowcommentsmadelastweekbythehealthsecretary,AndrewLansley,whoinsistedtheernmentcouldnotpeopletomakehealthychoicesandpromisedtobusinessesfrompublichealthregulations.Butseniormedicalfigureswanttostopfast-foodoutletsopeningnearschools,restrictadvertisingofproductshighinfat,saltorsugar,andlimitsponsorshipofsportseventsbyfast-foodproducerssuchasMcDonald’s.TheyarguethaternmentactionisnecessarytocurbBritain’saddictiontounhealthyfoodandhelphaltspiralingratesofobesity,diabetesandheartdisease.ProfessorTerenceStephenson, oftheRoyalCollegeofPaediatricsandChildHealth,saidthattheconsumptionofunhealthyfoodshouldbeseentobejustasdamagingassmokingorexcessivedrinking.“Thirtyyearsago,itwouldhavebeeninconceivabletohaveimaginedabanonsmokingintheworkceorinpubs,andyetthatiswhatwehave now.Arewewillingtobejustascourageousinrespectofobesity?Iwouldsuggestthatweshouldbe,”saidtheleaderoftheUK’schildren’sdoctors.Lansleyhasalarmedhealthnersbysuggestingheindustryratherthanernmenttotakethelead.HesaidthatmanufacturersofcrispsandcandiescouldyacentralroleintheChange4Lifen,thecenterpieceofernmenteffortstoboosthealthyeatingandfitness.HehasalsocriticisedthecelebritychefJamieOliver’shigh-profileattempttoimproveschoollunchesinEnglandasanexampleofwasnotthebestwaytochangetheirStephensonsuggestedpotentialrestrictionscouldincludebanningTVadvertisementsforfoodshighinfat,saltorsugarbefore9pmandthemonbillboardsorincinemas.“Ifwewerereallybold,wemightevenbegintothinkofhigh-caloriefastfoodinthesamewayascigarettes—bysettingstrictlimitsonadvertising,productcementandsponsorshipsportsevents,”heSuchamovecouldaffectfirmssuchasMcDonald’s,whichsponsorstheyouthcoachingschemerunbytheFootballAssociation.Fast-foodchainsshouldalsostopoffering“inducements”suchastoys,cuteanimalsphonecredittolureyoungcustomers,Stephensonsaid.ProfessorDineshBhugra,oftheRoyalCollegeofPsychiatrists,thatsomethingscanharm,atleastinformationisavailableupfront.”andhospitals—areaswithinwhichtakeawayscannotADepartmentofHealthspokes said:“Weneedtocreateanewvisionforpublichealthwhereallofsocietyworkstogethertogethealthyandlivelonger.Thisincludescreatinganew‘responsibilitydeal’withbusiness,builtonsocialresponsibility,notstateregulation.Laterthisyear,wewillpublishawhitepapersettingoutexactlyhowwewillachieveThefoodindustrywillbealarmedthatsuchseniordoctorsbacksuchradicalmoves,especiallythecalltousesomeofthetoughtacticsthat

“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.““Tobeirreceable,one[Afattaxesshouldbeimposedonfast-foodproducerssuchasMcDonald’s.41.AndrewLansleyheld[B]theneighborhoodof42.TerenceStephensonagreedthat[C“lecturingwaaneffectivewaytoimproveschoollunchesinEngland.43.JamieOliverseemedtobelievethat[D]cigarette-stylewarningsshouldbeintroducedtochildrenaboutthedangersofapoordiet.44.DineshBhugrasuggestedthat[E]theproducersofcrispsandcandiescouldcontributesignificantlytotheChange4Life45.ADepartmentofHealth [F]parentsshouldsetgoodexamplesforthechildrenbykeeahealthydietathome.[G]the ernmentshouldstrengthenthesenseofresponsibilityamongbusinesses.[Afattaxesshouldbeimposedonfast-foodproducerssuchasMcDonald’s.41.AndrewLansleyheld[B]theneighborhoodof42.TerenceStephensonagreedthat[C“lecturingwaaneffectivewaytoimproveschoollunchesinEngland.43.JamieOliverseemedtobelievethat[D]cigarette-stylewarningsshouldbeintroducedtochildrenaboutthedangersofapoordiet.44.DineshBhugrasuggestedthat[E]theproducersofcrispsandcandiescouldcontributesignificantlytotheChange4Life45.ADepartmentofHealth [F]parentsshouldsetgoodexamplesforthechildrenbykeeahealthydietathome.[G]the ernmentshouldstrengthenthesenseofresponsibilityamongbusinesses.alwaysbe

“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26.attempt 27.inrespect 28.bewillingto 29.promiseto 30.sbto““Tobeirreceable,onealwaysbe

“Ifwewerereallybold,wemightevenbegintothinkofhigh-caloriefastfoodinthesamewayascigarettes—bysettingstrictlimitsonadvertising,productcementandsponsorshipofsportsevents,”hesaid.HesaidthatmanufacturersofcrispsandcandiescouldyacentralroleintheChange4Lifen,thecenterpieceofernmenteffortstoboosthealthyeatingandfitness.HehasalsocriticisedthecelebritychefJamieOliver’shigh-profileattempttoimproveschoollunchesinEnglandasanexampleofhow“lecturing”peoplewasnotthebestwaytochangetheirbehaviour.Healsourgedcouncilstoimpose“fast-food-zones”aroundschoolsandhospitals—areaswithinwhichtakeawayscannotopen.

“Thereisnofriendasloyalasabook.2012Directions:Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbyfindinginformationfromtheleftcolumnthatcorrespondstoeachofthemarkeddetailsgivenintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.Mar