2022-2023学年黑龙江省双鸭山重点中学高一（下）期中英语试卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年黑龙江省双鸭山重点中学高一（下）期中英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）A

Torontoisacityofneighborhoods,sowhereveryouareinToronto,you'reboundtofindyourselfsurroundedbyshopping,diningandcultureexperiencesuniquetothatspecificarea.

Toronto'sCNTower

It'soneoftheworld'stalleststructuresat1,815feetandtheglassed-inelevatorsoffervisitorsasenseofjusthowhighthatis.Inthetower's360Restaurant,dinerssitonafloorthatperformsafullcycleevery72minutes,guaranteeingdifferentviewsofthecitywitheachbiteofmeal.Plus,ifyouorderdishesattherestaurant,yourentrytotheCNTowerisfree.

TheFairmontRoyalYorkHotel

ItisoneofToronto'soldestandmoststoriedhotels.Sinceopeningin1929,it'sstoodasoneofthelargesthotelsintheBritishCommonwealthwith1,600rooms.It'salsohometomorethan300,000bees,wholiveonthehotel'srooftopandproducehoneyfortheFairmontRoyalYork'sdiningfacilities.

TheTorontoIslands

NorthAmerica'slargesturbancar-freecommunityoffersplentyofgreenspaceandbeachesforvisitorsofallages.ThoselookingforexercisecanexploretheislandsbybikewhilecheckingoutthebreathtakingviewsofToronto'sskyline;visittherentalfacilityneartheCentreIslandferrydock.

St.LawrenceMarket

Votedtheworld'sbestfoodmarketin2012,theSt.LawrenceMarketcomplexconsistsoftwobuildings.ThenorthbuildingplayshosttoweeklySaturdayfarmer'smarkets,whileinthesouthbuilding,openeverydayexceptSundayandMonday,meat,bakedgoods,jewelry…areonoffer.OneofToronto'smosticonic(标志性的)breakfasts—thepea-mealbaconsandwichisconsideredasignaturedish.1.Wherecanyouhaveabird'seye-viewofTorontowhiledining?A.Toronto'sCNTower. B.St.LawrenceMarket.

C.TheFairmontRoyalYorkHotel. D.TheTorontoIslands.2.Whatdothefourattractionsshareincommon?A.Greatfame. B.Fantasticdishes.

C.Breathtakingscenery. D.Diversecultures.3.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Anovel. B.Atravelguide.

C.Anewsreport. D.Anadvertisement.B

Americanfolklore(民间传说)isfilledwithtalesoffictionalheroeslikePecosBillandtheLoneRanger.Yet,besidesthosemythicalcharacters,therearerealhistoricalfigureswhoselivesandfascinatingdeedsweremythologizedovertheyears.Amongthemthereisanapplegrower,knownbythepopularnicknameJohnnyAppleseed.ThismanissaidtohavetraveledonfootacrosstheUnitedStates,plantingappletrees.

Appleseed'srealnamewasJohnChapman.Chapmanwaswidelyknownbythepioneerssettlinginthewesternlandsinthe1800s.AndthenativeIndiansrespectedhimasa"whitemedicineman".However,notmuchisknownaboutChapman'searlylife,exceptthathewasborninanorth-easternstatein1774andthathismotherdiedsoonafterthat.It'salsosaidthathegrewuponhisfather'sfarm,whereappletreesgrew.

Appleseed'slegendbeganwhenheplantedhisfirstappletreesinPennsylvaniain1798.Then,hebegantravelingwest.Walkingformileseverydayandsleepingoutdoors,heplantedappletreesnearsettlements,wherehesoldthemtothepioneers.Hisapples,whichwerenotsuitableforeatingduetotheirbittertaste,wereusedtomakecider(苹果酒).Thisbecameacommondrinkforthepioneers,especiallyinplaceswherecleandrinkingwaterwasn'tavailable.

By1806,Chapmanhadbeengivenhisnewname,andstoriesabouthimhadspreadamongthepioneers.Mostofthesefocusedonhissurvivalinthewilderness.Chapmanwasalsoknownforhiseccentricclothing:insteadofashirt,heworeaclothbagwithholesforhisheadandarms,andheworenoshoes.Heisalsosaidtohavecarriedabagofappleseedsandhavehadamealpotonhisheadasahat.

WhenAppleseeddiedin1845,hehadwalkedacrossthreewesternstates.Andhewastheowneroffivesquarekilometersofland.Appleseed'sstorywasfirstpublishedinanarticlein1871.Yet,notallthedetailsinthisarticleandtheonespublishedlaterwerebasedonfacts.Appleseed'slegendhasgrownovertheyearsthroughsongs,storiesandplaysandmodern-dayDisneyproductions.4.WhatmadeChapmanalegendaryfigure?A.Plantingappletrees.

B.Histraveladventure.

C.Hischildhoodexperience.

D.Inventingadrinkmadefromapples.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutChapman'sapples?A.TheywerefromChapman'sfarm.

B.Theywerepopularamongthepioneers.

C.TheywerenotgrowninAmericauntil1806.

D.TheywerenotacceptedbythenativeIndians.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"eccentric"inparagraph4mean?A.Traditional. B.Strange. C.Casual. D.Colorful.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Themysteriousapples.

B.HowwereapplesspreadinAmerica？

C.ThelegendofJohnnyAppleseed.

D.WhowasrealJohnnyAppleseed?CManysugar-sweetenedbeverages（饮料）havelittletooffer—nonutritionalvalueandlotsofcalories，andtheirharmfulhealtheffectshavebeenwell-documented.Now，astudylinksdrinkingtoomanysugarybeverages—andeven100%naturalfruitjuices—toanincreasedriskofearlydeath.Specifically，drinkingtoomuchfruitjuicecouldleadtoanincreasedriskofearlydeathrangingfrom9%to42%，accordingtoastudy.

Overall，thesugarsfoundinorangejuice，althoughnaturallyoccurring，areprettysimilartothesugarsaddedtosodaandothersweetenedbeverages，thestudysuggests."Sugarybeverages，whethersoftdrinksorfruitjuices，shouldbelimited，"JeanWelsh，aco-authorofthestudysaid.

SevenUScities，includingNewYorkandmostrecentlyPhiladelphia，havelevied（征收）taxesonsweeteneddrinkswithaddedsugarinanefforttoreduceconsumption.Thenewstudydefined"sugarybeverages"asbothsugar-sweeteneddrinks，likesodaandfruit-flavoreddrinks，and100%naturalfruitjuicesthathavenoaddedsugar.Sohowdoesfruitjuicecomparetosoda？"Previousresearchhasshownthathighconsumptionofsugarslikethoseinsoftdrinksandfruitjuicesislinkedtoseveralcardiovascular（心血管的）diseaseriskfactors，"Welshexplained.

Peoplewhoconsumed10%ormoreoftheirdailycaloriesassugarybeverageshada44%greaterriskofdyingduetoaheartdiseaseanda14%greaterriskofanearlydeathfromanycausecomparedwithpeoplewhoconsumedlessthan5%oftheirdailycaloriesassugarybeverages，thestudyshowed.Eachadditional12-ounce（盎司）servingoffruitjuiceperdaywasassociatedwitha24%higherriskofdeathfromanycause，andeachadditional12-ounceservingofsugarybeveragesperdaywasassociatedwithan11%higherrisk.

Thisisoneofthefirststudiestoexaminetherelationshipbetweensugarydrinks，including100%fruitjuices，andearlydeath，wroteMartaGuasch-FereandDr.FrankB.Huinaneditorialpublishedalongsidethenewstudy."Althoughfruitjuicesmaynotbeasharmfulassugar-sweetenedbeverages，theirconsumptionshouldbemoderatedinchildrenandadults，especiallyforindividualswhowishtocontroltheirbodyweight，"Guasch-FereandHuwrote.

Welshsaidweneedtoconsiderbothfruitjuicesandsugar-sweetenedbeverageswhenwethinkabouthowmuchsugarweconsumeeachday.Betweenthetwo，shewasinfavoroffruitjuices："Givenitsvitaminandmineralcontent，fruitjuiceinsmallamountsmayhaveabeneficialeffectthatisn'tseenwithsodasandothersugar-sweetenedbeverages."8.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph？______A.Sugar-freedrinksbasicallyhavenonutritionalvalue.

B.Naturalfruitjuicesareusuallyhealthierthansugarybeverages.

C.Drinkingtoomuchfruitjuicemaynotbeahealthyoption.

D.Thenegativeeffectofdrinkingtoomanybeveragesremainsunknown.9.WhyhavesevenUScitiestaxedsugarybeverages？______A.Toincreasethegovernment'sincome.

B.Toincreasetheconsumptionofnaturaljuice.

C.Tourgepeopletoturntosugar-freedrinks.

D.Toletpeoplebuylesssweetenedbeverages.10.Howarethefindingsofthestudypresentedtous？______A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bymakingcomparisons.

C.Bygivingadvice. D.Bystatingthefacts.11.FromJeanWelsh'swords，weknowthat______.A.sugarisamajorcauseofcardiovasculardisease

B.fruitjuicesareonlyrecommendedwhenconsumedinsmallamounts

C.thesugarinjuiceisdifferentfromthesugarinsweetenedbeverages

D.theamountofsugarweconsumemainlyliesindrinkswithaddedsugarDIsanyeconomistsodullastocriticizeChristmas？Atfirstglance，theholidayseasoninwesterneconomiesseemsatreatforthoseconcernedwithsuchvagaries（奇想）asGDPgrowth.Afterall，everyoneisspending；inAmerica，retailersmake25%oftheiryearlysalesand60%oftheirprofitsbetweenThanksgivingandChristmas.Evenso，economistsfindsomethingtoworryaboutinthenatureofthepurchasesbeingmade.

Muchoftheholidayspendingisongiftsforothers.Atthesimplestlevel，givinggiftsinvolvesthegiverthinkingofsomethingthattherecipientwouldlikehetriestoguesshisorherpreferences，aseconomistssay一andthenbuyingthegiftanddeliveringit.Yetthisguessingofpreferencesisnoteasy；indeed，itisoftendonebadly.Everyyear，tiesgounwornandbooksunread.Andevenifagiftisenjoyed，itmaynotbewhattherecipientwouldhaveboughtiftheyhadspentthemoneythemselves.

Interestedinthismismatchbetweenwantsandgifts，in1993JoelWaldfogel，thenaneconomistatYaleUniversity，sought*。estimatethedifferenceindollarterms.Inaresearch，heaskedstudentstwoquestionsattheendofaholidayseason：first，estimatethetotalamountpaid（bythegivers）foralltheholidaygiftsyoureceived；second，apartfromtheemotionalvalueoftheitems，ifyoudidnothavethem，howmuchwouldyoubewillingtopaytogetthem？Hisresultsweregloomy：onaverage，agiftwasvaluedbytherecipientwellbelowthepricepaidbythegiver.

Inaddition，recipientsmayhotknowtheirownpreferencesverywell.Someofthebestgifts，afterall，areunexpecteditemsthatyouwouldneverhavethoughtofbuying，butwhichturnouttobeespeciallywellpickedAndpreferencecanchange.SobygivingajazzCD，forexample，thegivermaybeencouragingtherecipienttoenjoysomethingthatwasignoredbefore.This，adesiretobuildskills，ispossiblythehopeheldbymanyparentswhoignoretheirchildren'sdesiresforvideogamesandbuythembooksinstead.

Finally，thereareitemsthatarecipientwouldliketoreceivebutnotpurchase.Ifsomeoneelsebuysthem，however，theycanbeenjoyedguilt-free.Thismightexplainthehighvolumeofchocolatethatchangesovertheholidays.Thus，thelessonforgift-giversisthatyoushouldtryhardtoguesstheinferenceofeachpersononyourlistandthenchooseagiftthatwillhaveahighemotionalvalue.12.Forwhatreasonarceconomistsconcernedaboutholidaypurchases？______A.Seasonalsalesdon'tmatchprofitswell.

B.Someoftheholidaypurchasesendupwithwaste.

C.Salesandprofitsarcfarfrombeingmatched.

D.Seasonalsalesfailtosatisfypeople'sspecialwants.13.Theword"gloomy"（in3rdparagraph）mostprobablymeans"n.______".A.accurate B.persuasive C.depressing D.undoubtable14.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue？______A.Recipientstendtooverestimatethevaluesofagift.

B.People'spreferenceisbornwithnatureandremainsunchanged.

C.Chocolateisagiftwhichmaycauserecipients'senseofguilt.

D.Giftsmaybeusedtohelpapersontocultivateahobbyorskill.15.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmighttheauthoragreewith？______A.Guessingpreferenceisimportantalthoughsometimesitfails.

B.Themoremoneyyouspendonthegift，themoreemotionalvalueithas.

C.Recipients'preferenceshaveanimpactontheholidayseasoneconomy.

D.Theattachedvalueofapresentistheessenceofgiftgiving.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Remotecomputer-aideddesign  （CAD）workinginvolvesdesignersusingcloud-basedCADsoftwaretoperformthesameworktheywoulddoatyourcompany'soffice.(16).Andthereareplentyofbenefitstothisapproach.

Greaterproductivity

Multiplestudieshaveshownthatremoteworkersareinfactmoreproductivethanofficestaff.Therearefewerdistractions                  （分心）athome,noaimlessgossip,lengthymeetingsorannoyingbackgroundnoise.(17).

Senseofresponsibility

One2018studyfoundthatanincredible97%ofemployeeswouldlikeaflexiblejob.(18).Noonelikescommuting   （往返上班），andremoteworkallowspeopletoimprovetheirwork-lifebalance.Itletsthemspendtimewithfamily,perhapsfitinavisittothegymwhenit'slessbusyduringtheday,anditgivesthemagreatersenseofresponsibility.Allmeansthatstaffwhocanworkremotelyarehappierandmorelikelytostayatyourbusiness.

Moneysaving

Fromyourcompany'sfinancialperspective     （视角），abenefitofremoteCADworkingismoneysaving.(19).What'smore,ifyouremployeesprovidetheirowncomputersandyouuseanaffordable-costcloud-basedCADplatform,yourexpensesareevenlower.

 (20)

Imagineyourcompanyfoundanidealdesignerforyournextproject,buthe/shelivesontheothersideofthecountryinmostcasesyouwouldnotbeabletohirehim/her.ButwithremoteCADworking,thatpersoncouldbecomeapermanent                                       （永久性的）memberofyourteamwithouthavingtorelocate.

A.Talentpoolexpanding

B.It'sfairlyobviouswhy

C.ImprovementsonremoteCADworking

D.Thejobisnotdifferentfromwhattheywilldoattheoffice

E.MostmanagersmayfearthatremoteCADworkingisanexcuseforstaff

F.Instead,theindividualemployeecanfocusalltheirenergyonwork,andworkalone

G.Ifyouneedlessofficespace,youcansavehundredsofthousandsofdollarseachyear16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共22.5分）Youneverknowhowfarakindactcango．Youdon'tknowwhoitcan(21)，either．WhenGloriaPorterandJeffReickbegan(22)，theyhadnoideahowmuchitwould(23)otherstoshower（大量给予）peoplewithkindness．

89-year-oldGloriaPorterwaslyinginhospital．Shecouldn'tleaveherward．Soto(24)boredom，shewouldoftenstareoutsideherwindowtowatchconstructionworkersbuildingthenewfrontentrancetothehospital．Shewasn'texpectingoneofthe(25)towavetoher．Shecouldn'thelpbutwavebackatthekind(26)．Thiswasonlythestartofaspecial(27)betweenthetwo．

JeffReickknewPorterwas(28)，sohedecidedtosendakind(29)toherbyfindingsomechalkandwriting"GetWell"ononeofthebeams（梁）facingher(30)．"Ijustthoughtthatwas(31)，"Portersaid．"SoIshoulddosomethingto(32)that．"

WhenPortersawconstructionworkersworkinghighabovethegroundonecold，windyday，shegrew(33)．Shewrote"Staysafe"onapieceofpaper，whichshethen(34)onthewindowfortheworkerstosee．"WhenIsaw4Staysafeonapieceofpaper，I(35)andsaidtomycoworkers，'Didyouseethat？'"Reicksaid．Ifeverybodywillinglydoesthingslikethat，theworldwillbeabetterplace．21.

A.disturb B.employ C.affect D.describe22.

A.communicating B.singing C.arguing D.explaining23.

A.require B.warn C.force D.encourage24.

A.makefor B.putoff C.figureout D.escapefrom25.

A.workers B.nurses C.doctors D.patients26.

A.job B.inspiration C.gesture D.favor27.

A.business B.connection C.difference D.trouble28.

A.lonely B.upset C.ill D.poor29.

A.letter B.message C.note D.warning30.

A.window B.entrance C.wall D.door31.

A.impolite B.necessary C.familiar D.precious32.

A.record B.return C.recover D.remember33.

A.puzzled B.worried C.thrilled D.annoyed34.

A.knocked B.installed C.placed D.drew35.

A.camedown B.brokedown C.showedup D.turnedaround四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.Researchersexaminedthebenefitsofsingingamongpeoplewithmentalhealthconditions（1）______（include）anxietyanddepression.

Theyfoundpeoplewhotookpartinacommunitysinginggroupimprovedtheirmentalhealth（2）______thatthecombinationofsingingandsocializingwasanimportantpartof（3）______（recover）.

Thegrassrootsactionrunsweeklysingingworkshopsforthepeople（4）______mentalhealthconditionsaswellasthegeneralpublic.It（5）______（original）beganatahospitalin2005，butafterwardsmovedintothecommunity.Around120peoplenowattendfourfreeworkshopseachweekacrossNorfolk，twothirdsof（6）______havehadcontactwithmentalhealthservices.

Theresearchprojectfollowedthegroupforsixmonthsand（7）______（undertake）interviewsandfocusgroupswithparticipants，organizers，andworkshop（8）______（leader）.

Thereportshowshowsingingandsocializinggaveparticipants（9）______ofbelongingandwell-beingthatoftenlastedadayor（10）______（many），aswellasimprovedsocialskillsandconfidence.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共50.0分）37.假设你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，请你围绕"低碳生活，保护环境"的主题，根据下面所给提示，用英语给你校学生写一封倡议书。内容主要包括：

（1）保护环境的重要性；（2）如何低碳生活；（3）发出倡议。低碳生活：low-carbonlife/lifestyle

注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。38.Elizabethwalkedtotheyard，carryingabunchofdaisies（雏菊）.

"Beautifulflowersfor，for...Oh，I'llnevergetitright！"Shecried，throwingthedaisiesontheground.Shehadbeenpractisingherspeechforaweek.

Partofhercouldn'twait.ThisSaturday，thegreatAnaWolff，famouspianist，wouldperformattheconcerthallintown.Forfouryears，ElizabethhadlistenedtoMsWolffsrecordingsoverandoveragain，lovingthewaythenotesflowedlikearushingmountainstream.

PartofElizabethwasterrified.Hermusicteacheratschool，MrLeaf，hadaskedhertopresenttheflowerstoMsWolffaftertheperformance.ButElizabethknewherselfwell.Shehadseriousstagefrightandshereallyhateditwhenshehadtotalkinfrontofpeople.Evenso，Elizabethwasdeterminedtotakethechallengethistime.

"How'sthespeechgoing？"askedElizabeth'smother，"Wanttopracticeonme？"

"No，thanks，"saidElizabeth，"Mum，Ican'tdothis!I'llforget.Imightevenpassout（昏倒）!"

"Oh，honey.Thinkaboutit...sharingthestagewithAnaWolff.Whatanhonour!"Mumgentlycomfortedher.

Elizabethkeptpractising."Beautifulflowersfor...forabeautifulperformance..."Shepresentedtheflowerstothecat，thedog，eventhestatueinthegarden.SoonitwasSaturdaynight，Elizabethstoodatthebackstage，behindtheheavyblackcurtains.Holdingthebouquet（花束）ofredroses，shefeltherheartracingwildlyandherstomachtightenedwithnervousness．

Thelightsdimmed，andMsWolffbeganherperformance.Sheswayedandnoddedwithherfingersdancingacrossthekeys.Softsadparts，loudangryparts，partsthatsoundedfuntoplay.Drawnintothemusic，Elizabethforgotforamomentaboutthesixwordsshehadtosay.Withaflourish（挥舞），MsWolffplayedherfinalnote.Applausethunderedthroughthehall.Peoplejumpedtotheirfeetandcheered.

MsWolffsmiledandbowed.Thenshewalkedoffstageandintothewings（舞台侧面）.Almostimmediately，shereturnedtothestageforasecondbow.

注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Paragraph1：

Thencamethefrighteningmoment.

______

Paragraph2：

Theaudiencecheeredandclappedloudlyforthem.

______(1)(2)

答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、A、B【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了多伦多四处旅游景点。

1.

根据Toronto'sCNTower部分的Inthetower's360Restaurant,dinerssitonafloorthatperformsafullcycleevery72minutes,guaranteeingdifferentviewsofthecitywitheachbiteofmeal.（在塔楼的360餐厅，用餐者坐在每72分钟完成一个完整的循环的楼层上，保证每一口饭都能看到不同的城市景观。）可知，在Toronto'sCNTower用餐时可以鸟瞰多伦多。故选A。

2.

根据Toronto'sCNTower部分中的It'soneoftheworld'stalleststructuresat1,815feetandtheglassed-inelevatorsoffervisitorsasenseofjusthowhighthatis.（它是世界上最高的建筑物之一，高1815英尺，玻璃电梯让游客感受到它有多高。）以及TheFairmontRoyalYorkHotel部分提到的ItisoneofToronto'soldestandmoststoriedhotels.Sinceopeningin1929,it'sstoodasoneofthelargesthotelsintheBritishCommonwealthwith1,600rooms.（它是多伦多最古老、最有名的酒店之一。自1929年开业以来，它一直是英联邦最大的酒店之一，拥有1600间客房。）和TheTorontoIslands部分提到的NorthAmerica'slargesturbancar-freecommunityoffersplentyofgreenspaceandbeachesforvisitorsofallages.（北美最大的城市无车社区为所有年龄的游客提供了大量的绿色空间和海滩。）以及St.LawrenceMarket部分提到Votedtheworld'sbestfoodmarketin2012,theSt.LawrenceMarketcomplexconsistsoftwobuildings.（St.LawrenceMarket被评为2012年世界上最好的食品市场，由两栋建筑组成。）由此可推知，这四处景点，都非常有名。故选A。

3.

通读全文，文章主要介绍了四个多伦多的景点，由此推测，文章可能出自旅游指南。A.Anovel.一本小说；B.Atravelguide.旅游指南；C.Anewsreport.新闻报道；D.Anadvertisement.一则广告。故选B。

4~7.【答案】A、B、B、C【解析】【文章大意】文章讲述了美国历史上的一位传奇人物JohnnyAppleseed的故事。

1.

根据第二段中的Appleseed'srealnamewasJohnChapman（Appleseed的真名是JohnChapman）和第三段中的Appleseed'slegendbeganwhenheplantedhisfirstappletrees（Appleseed的传奇始于他种植的第一棵苹果树）可知，Chapman是因为种植苹果树而成为传奇人物的，故选A。

2.

根据第三段中heplantedappletreesnearsettlements,wherehesoldthemtothepioneers.Hisapples,whichwerenotsuitableforeatingduetotheirbittertaste,wereusedtomakecider(苹果酒).Thisbecameacommondrinkforthepioneers,especiallyinplaceswherecleandrinkingwaterwasn'tavailable.（他在居民区附近种植苹果树，然后卖给拓荒者。他的苹果因其苦味不适合食用，被用来制作苹果酒。这成为拓荒者的常见饮料，尤其是在没有干净饮用水的地方）可知，当时Chapman的苹果制造成的苹果酒成为拓荒者的常见饮料，即在拓荒者中很受欢迎，故选B。

3.

根据第四段画线词后面的insteadofashirt,heworeaclothbagwithholesforhisheadandarms,andheworenoshoes（他没有穿衬衫，而是穿了一个布袋，头上和胳膊上都有洞，也没有穿鞋）及havehadamealpotonhisheadasahat（把饭锅当帽子戴在头上）可推知，此处指他的行为比较奇怪，所以划线词意为“奇怪的”，故选B。

4.

文章第一段谈到美国民间有很多虚构的英雄，而Chapman作为真实的历史人物，他的生活和事迹也被神话化了，接下来三段主要介绍了他的早年经历以及他种植苹果树的事迹，最后一段大概总结了他的生平，所以本文的标题可以为：JohnnyAppleseed的传奇故事，故选C。

8~11.【答案】C、D、B、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段Manysugar-sweetenedbeverages（饮料）havelittletooffer—nonutritionalvalueandlotsofcalories，andtheirharmfulhealtheffectshavebeenwell-documented.Now，astudylinksdrinkingtoomanysugarybeverages—andeven100%naturalfruitjuices—toanincreasedriskofearlydeath.Specifically，drinkingtoomuchfruitjuicecouldleadtoanincreasedriskofearlydeathrangingfrom9%to42%，accordingtoastudy.（许多含糖饮料几乎没有什么可提供的——没有营养价值，而且热量很高，它们对健康的有害影响已被充分证明。现在，一项研究表明，喝太多含糖饮料甚至是100%天然果汁会增加早死的风险。具体来说，一项研究表明，喝太多果汁可能会导致早死风险增加9%至42%。）可推断，喝太多的果汁会增加早死的风险，因此可知，喝太多果汁对健康无益，所以不是一个健康的选择。故选C。

（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段SevenUScities，includingNewYorkandmostrecentlyPhiladelphia，havelevied（征收）taxesonsweeteneddrinkswithaddedsugarinanefforttoreduceconsumption.（包括纽约和最近的费城在内的七个美国城市已经对添加糖的甜饮料征税，以减少消费。）可推断，这七个城市是对添加糖的甜饮料征税，由此判断，这样做的目的是为了督促消费者少买含糖饮料，也就是说让人们买不太甜的饮料。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据文章第四段Peoplewhoconsumed10%ormoreoftheirdailycaloriesassugarybeverageshada44%greaterriskofdyingduetoaheartdiseaseanda14%greaterriskofanearlydeathfromanycausecomparedwithpeoplewhoconsumedlessthan5%oftheirdailycaloriesassugarybeverages，thestudyshowed.Eachadditional12-ounce（盎司）servingoffruitjuiceperdaywasassociatedwitha24%higherriskofdeathfromanycause，andeachadditional12-ounceservingofsugarybeveragesperdaywasassociatedwithan11%higherrisk.（研究显示，与摄入每日卡路里量不到5%的人相比，摄入每日卡路里量10%或以上的含糖饮料的人死于心脏病的风险要高出44%，因任何原因过早死亡的风险要高出14%。每天每多喝12盎司果汁，任何原因导致的死亡风险都会增加24%，每天每多喝12盎司含糖饮料，死亡风险会增加11%。）可知，作者通过对比的方式呈现研究结果。A．By

giving

examples.通过举例；B．By

making

comparisons.通过比较；C．By

giving

advice.通过给建议；D．By

stating

the

facts.通过陈述事实。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Welshsaidweneedtoconsiderbothfruitjuicesandsugar-sweetenedbeverageswhenwethinkabouthowmuchsugarweconsumeeachday.Betweenthetwo，shewasinfavoroffruitjuices："Givenitsvitaminandmineralcontent，fruitjuiceinsmallamountsmayhaveabeneficialeffectthatisn'tseenwithsodasandothersugar-sweetenedbeverages."（Welsh说，当我们考虑每天摄入多少糖时，我们需要考虑果汁和含糖饮料。在这两者之间，她更喜欢果汁："考虑到果汁含有维生素和矿物质，少量的果汁可能有苏打水和其他含糖饮料所没有的有益作用。"）可知，Welsh认为如果想要喝果汁，应该少量饮用。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，该研究发现表明许多含糖饮料几乎没有营养价值，而且热量很高，它们对健康有不好的影响。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

12~15.【答案】B、C、D、A【解析】（1）B.推理判断题。根据第二段"Yetthisguessingofpreferencesisnoteasy；indeed，itisoftendonebadly.Everyyear，tiesgounwornandbooksunread.Andevenifagiftisenjoyed，itmaynotbewhattherecipientwouldhaveboughtiftheyhadspentthemoneythemselves."（然而，这种对喜好的猜测并不容易；事实上，反而很糟糕。每年，收的领带都没戴，书也没读。而且，即使礼物很受欢迎，也可能不是收礼人自己愿意自己花钱买的东西）可知，经济学家担心一些假日购物最后可能会是一种浪费，故选B。

（2）C.词义猜测题。根据划线词前的"howmuchwouldyoubewillingtopaytogetthem？"（你愿意花多少钱来买它们？）及划线词后的"onaverage，agiftwasvaluedbytherecipientwellbelowthepricepaidbythegiver."（平均而言，收礼者对礼物的估价远低于送礼者所花的钱）可知，结果是令人沮丧的，由此可知划线词词义为"令人沮丧的"，A.accurate准确的；B.persuasive有说服力的；C.depressing令人沮丧的；D.undoubtable毋庸置疑的。故选C。

（3）D.细节理解题。根据第四段"Someofthebestgifts，afterall，areunexpecteditemsthatyouwouldneverhavethoughtofbuying，butwhichturnouttobeespeciallywellpicked.Andpreferencecanchange.SobygivingajazzCD，forexample，thegivermaybeencouragingtherecipienttoenjoysomethingthatwasignoredbefore.This，adesiretobuildskills，ispossiblythehopeheldbymanyparentswhoignoretheirchildren'sdesiresforvideogamesandbuythembooksinstead."（毕竟，有些最好的礼物是你从未想过要买的意想不到的东西，但却是经过精心挑选的，而且人们的偏好是可以改变的。例如，送一张爵士乐唱片，送礼者可能会鼓励收礼者享受以前被忽视的东西。这种培养技能的愿望，可能是许多父母的希望，他们忽略了孩子对电子游戏的渴望，反而给他们买书）可知，礼物可以用来帮助一个人培养爱好或技能，故选D。

（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Thus，thelessonforgift-giversisthatyoushouldtryhardtoguessthepreferenceofeachpersononyourlistandthenchooseagiftthatwillhaveahighemotionalvalue."（因此，给送礼者的经验教训是，你应该努力猜测清单上每个人的喜好，然后选择一件具有较高情感价值的礼物）可知，作者会同意"送礼时猜测对方的喜好很重要，尽管有时会失败"这个说法，故选A。

本文是一篇说明文，是关于节日购买礼物送人的一个社会生活调查，研究结果表明你所送的礼物往往并不是接受者所想要的，但尽管如此，送礼时猜测对方的喜好还是很重要的。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

16~20.【答案】D、F、B、G、A【解析】（1）D．信息提示题。上文"Remotecomputer-aideddesign（CAD）workinginvolvesdesignersusingcloud-basedCADsoftwaretoperformthesam