江苏省常州市雪堰中学2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析

江苏省常州市雪堰中学2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.

—Whatdoyouthinkofthemanagerofyourcompany?

—Oh,heis______managerwhoispleasanttoworkwith.It’s______pleasuretoworkwithhim.

A.the;the

B.a;a

C.a;the

D.the;a参考答案：B2.----I’mgoingtoBeijingnextweek.Doyouhaveanything______toyourson?----No,thanks.A.taken

B.totake

C.tobetaken

D.take参考答案：C3.You________believehowwonderfulVanGogh’s“Sunflowers”isuntilyou________itwithyourowneyes. A.won’t…see B.don’t…willseeC.will…see D.do…willsee参考答案：A4.--Comeon,pleasegivemesomeadviceontheproject.

---Sorry,withsomanythings_______mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.

A.filled

B.filling

C.tofill

D.beingfilled参考答案：B5.Thebrideandbridegroomwere_______weddinggiftswhenalllightswentoutandthehallfellintocompletelydarknessandtheweddingceremonyhadto_______.A.presenting;beputoff

B.exchanging;putoff

C.offering;bestopped

D.exchanging;stop参考答案：D6._______theassignmentsaidabove,youhavetowritea200-wordcompositiononenvironmentpollution.A.Inaddition

B.Apartfrom

C.Except

D.Otherthan参考答案：B略7.--WhatifIcan’tfinishmytasktoday?--______.Youstillhaveanotherweekleft.A.I’msorry.

B.Takeiteasy.

C.Don’tmentionit.D.Itdepends参考答案：B8.Accustomedto_____inthecountryside,Mr.Kingfoundithardtoliveinthecity.

A.living

B.live

C.havinglive

D.havelived参考答案：A2.____isnodoubtthatusingenergyefficientlyreducesthereleaseofgreenhousegases.A.It

B.This

C.That

D.There参考答案：D略10.Hearingtheirgrandpawascoming,theybeganto________theworktoprepareforanicedinner.A．setoff

B．setdown

C．setaside

D．setabout参考答案：C略11.TheHarryPotterbooksarequitepopular;theyareingreat______inthiscity.A.qualityB.progressC.productionD.demand参考答案：D略12.Ireallywonderwhatitwasonthatmorning______touchedhimsomuch.A.when

B.that

C.what

D.which参考答案：B13.-----WillJonesgoskatingnow?-----Notuntilshe

herhomework.A．willfinish

B．wouldfinish

C．hasfinished

D．hadfinished参考答案：C14.Workingabroadformanyyears,hehasmadeabig_______andstartedacompanyofhisown.A.difference

B.fortune

C.progress

D.breakthrough参考答案：B15.—Isitheightorweight________theinterviewershouldpayattentionto?—Absolutelynot．Hewillconsider________importanttobeexperienced．A.which；it

B.that；it

C.which；that

D.that；that参考答案：B16.Theroomisinaterriblemess.It________cleaned.A.can’thavebeen

B.shouldn’thavebeenC.mustn’thavebeen

D.wouldn’thavebeen参考答案：A二、完型填空17.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）出可以填入空白的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑TheTrueStoryofTreasureIslandItwasalwaysthoughtthatTreasureIslandwastheproductofRobertLouisStevenson'simagination.11____,recentresearchhasfoundthetruestoryofthisexcitingwork.

Stevenson,aScotsman,hadlived12____formanyyears.In1881hereturnedtoScotlandfora13

.WithhimwerehisAmericanwifeFannyandhisson14___.

EachmorningStevensonwouldtakethemoutforalong15

overthehills.Theyhadbeen___16_thisforseveraldaysbeforetheweathersuddenlytookaturnfortheworse.Keptindoorsbytheheavyrain,Lloydfeltthedays17______.Tokeeptheboyhappy,Robertaskedtheboytodosome___18_.Onemorning,theboycametoRobertwithabeautifulmapofanisland.Robert_19_thattheboyhaddrawnalargecrossinthemiddleof___20."What'sthat?"heasked."That'sthe_21_treasure,"saidtheboy.Robertsuddenly_22___somethingofanadventurestoryintheboy’s_23_.Whiletherainwaspouring,Robertsatdownbythefiretowriteastory.Hewouldmakethe_24_atwelve-year-oldboy,justlikeLloyd.Butwhowouldbethepirate(海盗)?RoberthadagoodfriendnamedHenley,whowalkedaroundwiththe__25__ofawoodenleg.Roberthadalwayswantedto26____suchamaninastory.__27__LongJohnSilver,thepiratewithawoodenleg,was_28___.So,thankstoa___29___SeptemberinScotland,afriendwithawoodenleg,andtheimaginationofatwelve-year-oldboy,wehaveoneofgreatest_30____storiesintheEnglishlanguage.

11.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.BesidesD.Finally12.A.alone

B.nextdoorC.athomeD.abroad13.A.meeting

B.storyC.holidayD.job14.A.Lloyd

B.RobertC.HenleyD.John15.A.talk B.restC.walkD.game16.A.attemptingB.missing

C.planningD.enjoying17.A.quietB.dullC.busyD.cold18.A.cleaningB.writingC.drawingD.exercising19.A.doubtedB.noticedC.decidedD.recognized20.A.thesea

B.thehouseC.ScotlandD.theisland21.A.forgottenB.buriedC.discoveredD.unexpected22.A.saw B.drewC.madeD.learned23.A.book B.replyC.pictureD.mind24.A.star B.heroC.writer D.child25.A.help B.problemC.use D.burden26.A.praise B.produceC.includeD.accept27.A.Yet B.AlsoC.But D.Thus28.A.injuredB.bornC.hiredD.written29.A.rainy B.sunnyC.cool D.windy30.A.news B.loveC.humorousD.adventure参考答案：11---15.ADCAC

16---20.DBCBD

21----25.BACBA

26---30CDBAD略三、阅读理解18.

Itisaquestionpeoplehavebeenaskingforages—isthereawaytoturnbacktheagingprocess?

Forcenturies,peoplehavebeenlookingfora"fountainofyouth."Theideaisthatifyoufindamagicalfountain,anddrinkfromitswaters,youwillnotbecomeold.SpanishexplorerJuanPoncedeLeónsearchedforwaterswithmagicalpowersintheearly1500s.ButwhathefoundinsteadistheAmericanStateofFlorida.

ResearchersinNewYorkdidnotfindafountainofyouthinfact,buttheymayhavefoundawaytoturnbacktheagingprocess.Itappearstheanswermaybehiddenrightbetweenyoureyes,inanareacalledthehypothalamus(丘脑下部).Thehypothalamusispartofyourbrain.Itcontrolsimportantactivitieswithinthebody,includinggrowth,reproductionandthewayweprocessfood.

ResearchersatNewYork'sAlbertEinsteinCollegeofMedicinefoundthathypothalamusstemcellsalsoinfluencehowfastagingtakesplaceinthebody.Whatarestemcells?Theyaresimplecellsthatcandevelopintospecializedcells,likebloodorskincells.Stemcellscanalsorepairdamagedpartsinthebody.

ProfessorDongshengCaiwastheleadresearcherinastudyonaginginmice.CaiexplainsintheJournalNaturewhattheyfound."Agingspeedcanbecontrolledbyaparticularplaceinthebody,whichisthehypothalamus.Anditcanbecontrolledbyaparticulartypeofcells,whicharehypothalamusstemcells.Ithinkthesefindingsarequiteinteresting."

Headdsthatwhenthehypothalamusstartsaging,sodoesthebody."Sowhenhypothalamusfunctionisdecreasing,particularlythelossofhypothalamusstemcells,thisprotectionagainsttheagingdevelopmentislost.Itfinallyleadstoaging."

Usingthisinformation,theresearchersbegantryingtoactivate(激活)thehypothalamusinmice.Theydidthisbyputtingstemcellsfromyoungermiceintomiddle-agedanimals.Later,theresearchersexaminedmiceandtestedforchangesinbehavior.Theyalsolookedforchangesinthestrengthoftheanimals'musclesandthewaytheyworked.Theresearcherssaytheresultsshowthatthetreatmentslowedagingintheanimals.

Caisayswhenhypothalamusstemcells,whichwerederivedfromyoungmicewasputintomiddle-agedmice,themiceagedslowlyandtheyalsohaveincreasedthelengthoftheirlives.

Buttheseresultswerejustfromstudyingmiceinalab.Ifthemicecanlivelonger,doesthatmeanpeoplecouldhavelongerlives?Thenextstepistoseeiftheanti-agingeffectsalsoworkinhumanbeings.（1）JuanPoncedeLeón'sstorywasmentionedinordertoshow________.

A.

theeffortshemadetodiscoverFlorida

B.

thefruitlessworktofindthemagicalfountain

C.

thenon-stopsearchforthewaytostayyoung

D.

theimpossibleexistenceof"fountainofyouth"（2）ThehypothalamushascontroloveractivitiesEXCEPT________.

A.

growth

B.

reproduction

C.

agingprocess

D.

foodproduction（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.

Stemcellsarespecializedcellswhichcanrepairdamagedparts.

B.

Agingistheresultoffunctionlossofhypothalamusstemcells.

C.

Thestrengthoftheanimals'musclesslowstheprocessofaging.

D.

Agingspeediscontrolledbystemcellsinsteadofhypothalamus.（4）Theunderlinedwords"werederivedfrom"probablymeans"________".

A.

camefrom

B.

changedfrom

C.

resultedfrom

D.

developedfrom参考答案：（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【考点】推理判断题，词义猜测题，细节理解题，科普环保类，说明文

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家通过实验了解如何延长衰老的方法。科学家给小白鼠注射动物干细胞，然后检查它们的组织以及它们的行为变化。科学家还要了解其中的效果是否适于人类。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段主题句“

Forcenturies,peoplehavebeenlookingfora‘fountainofyouth.’”几个世纪以来，人们一直在寻找“青春之泉”。以JuanPoncedeLeón的故事为例就是为了说明人们

不停地寻找保持年轻的方法，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“

Agingspeedcanbecontrolledbyaparticularplaceinthebody,whichisthehypothalamus.

”衰老的速度可以通过身体中的一个特定位置——丘脑下部来控制,可知丘脑下部影响人的衰老；再根据第三段中的“

Itcontrolsimportantactivitieswithinthebody,includinggrowth,reproductionandthewayweprocessfood.”它控制着身体内的重要活动，包括生长，繁殖和我们处理食物的方式。可知与食物生产无关，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Sowhenhypothalamusfunctionisdecreasing,particularlythelossofhypothalamusstemcells,thisprotectionagainsttheagingdevelopmentislost.Itfinallyleadstoaging.”可知衰老是下丘脑干细胞功能丧失的结果。故选B。

（4）考查词义猜测。根据道速第二段“Caisayswhenhypothalamusstemcells,whichwerederivedfromyoungmicewasputintomiddle-agedmice,themiceagedslowlyandtheyalsohaveincreasedthelengthoftheirlives.”Cai说给中年小白鼠注射来自年轻小白鼠的干细胞有助于这只年龄更大的小白鼠活得更久。可知选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。19.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。MoneyMattersParentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.36

soyoumaystarttalkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.1.ThebasicfunctionofmoneyBeingexplainingthebasicfunctionofmoneybyshowinghowpeopletrademoneyforgoodsorservices.It’simportanttoshowyourchildhowmoneyistradedforthethinghewantstohave.Ifhewantstohaveatoy,givehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier.37

Whenyourchildgrowsabitolderandunderstandsthebasicfunctionofmone