工程英语试题库2教案

LAVATORYEXTINGUISHINGAnautodischargeextinguishingsystemprovidesfireextinguishingcapabilitytothelavatorywastecompartment,extinguishingis plishedbyfloodingthelavatorywastecompartmentwithinertgas 淹没, 自动灭火系统提供灭火能力到洗手间箱间隔,在洗手间箱间隔充满惰性气体之TheextinguishingsystemconsistofaheatactivatedextinguishingbottleandatemperatureConsistof由--- thelavatoryfireextinguisherbottleismountedmsidethelavatorycabinetwiththedischargetubesextendingintothewastecompartment.theextinguisherbottlecontainsfusibletipswhichhaveameltingtemperatureof174degreesFahrenheit<79degreescelsius> fusibletip易熔尖端<头> 洗手间灭火瓶安装在洗手间小型房间里，释放管伸到箱里。灭火瓶含有易熔尖端它174华氏度〈79摄氏度〉的温度熔化whenafireoroverheatconditionoccurswiththewastecompartmenttemperaturesrisingto174degreesfahrenheit.Thetipswillmeltcausingthebottletodischarge当火或超温环境出现箱温度会上升到本世纪末74华氏度，〈易熔〉尖顶熔化促使thetemperatureindicatorinavinyltecontaining4heatsensitivepatches,eachpatchwillchangedfromgraytoblackwhenexposedtotemperaturesfrom180degreesfahrenheitto250degreesfahrenheit,thisindicatorshouldbeperiodicallycheckedandifitindicatesanoverheatthe shouldbecheckedbyweighing 温度指示在一个盘子里包括4个热敏感片，每个片将改变从灰色到黑色当的180250whatwaydoesthefireextinguishingsystemputoutfiresinthelavatorywastecompartment<D>ejectgassessuchascarbondioxide灭火系统如何扑灭洗手间箱的火？Anextinguishingsysteminalavatoryconsistsof<D>AnextinguishingbottleandatemperatureHowdoestheextinguishingbottlework《Aitiscontrolledbythetemperature,thefusibletipswillmeltwhenthewhatisthefunctionofthepatchesinthetemperature<d>indicatingafireoroverheatoccuringoncepatchchangesitscolor,whatshouldbedoneaccordingtothe<D>checkingtheextinguisher第三课导航系统Electricalengineeringysagreatroleinnavigationaidsthroughelectronicsandradiobesidesradarloranysaveryimportantrole.,herethreefixedtransmitterssendradiopulsessimultapeonsh,thepositionofashiporanairnecanbedeterminedbymeasuringthetimedifferencewithwhichthesepulsesreachtheship 电子工程学在导航辅助方面通过电子学和无线电扮演着重要作用，另外无线电远Radiorangisanotherexample,fiveantennasarcarrangedattheconnerandcenterofasquareandsendradiowavesinsuchawaythatthepilotatthereceiverhearsaconstantsoundifheisoncolirseorMorsecodeAorN,dependingonwhetherheistotherightorleftofit,theinstrumentlandingsystemhasprovenveryvaluableinguidinganairneforlanding.heretransmitterssimilar inradiorangecontrol,throughspecialequipmentonthene,givethedirectionasthehighofthelandingne,threeadditionalbeaconsindicatetotheneitspositionalongthelandingpath,thegroundcontrolapproachisasimplertechniquebywhichthegroundknowstheexactpositionoftheneandjustnotifiesthepilotbyradiowhetherornotheisoncourse Landing 位置，位置，确 之位 一个路径发送无线电波，如果是可棱丝码或摩尔斯码驾驶员接收会听到不断，依靠这个不管向他的左或右飞行，仪表着陆系统提供非常有用的信息在引导飞机着陆。这里发报机象在无线电导航控制中，通过在飞机上的专门的组件给出降落中飞机方向和Thetechniqueemploystworadio,onea30 rangetosearchthevicinityoftheairportanotherofshorterrangewhichisusedfortheactuallanding,then,ofcourse,thereistheradiowhich,withacombinationofatransmitterataknowceonthegroundandareceivergivestheairneorshipitdirection,inadditiontothese,specialradarareusedbyairnemeasuretheirspeedoridentifymovingtargets,thedopplerradarisoneexample,itisbasedontheairnethefrequencyofaradiowaveisincreasedordecreaseddependingonwhetherthetransmitterreceiveraremovingtowardsorawayfromeacf,theamountoffrequencychangecanthenpilothowfastheismovingwithrespecttotheground,forexample. 的，增加的，增进 这种方法使用2部，一部在30海里范围中搜寻进近中的飞机。另一部是相对短的距的用于测量飞机的速度或确定移动的目标，多谱硌是一个例子，它是飞机上基本频率变化的重要性一个例子是知道它飞的多快并且服从地面指挥。besideradar,loranyimportantrolehere‘loran”means?Clongtangenavigationfiveantennassendradiowavesthepilotwhohears 5AeitheraconstantsoundortheMorse不断和MORSE码中的两者之 givethedirectionandtheheightoflandingne. 指导，方向directionfinderB oneofradarsemplovedinthegroundcontroltechniqueissearch oftheairn Dthenearbyareaspecialradarareusedbyairnestomeasuretheirspeedoridentifymovingobject,becausethefrequencyofaradiowave特殊的能用在飞机上测量它们的速度或识别移动的目标是因为频率的变 B747—200Fpresentlythebiggestcommercialfreighterintheworldcapableofreachinglongestandcarryingheaviestpayload,itsflightperformanceandequipmentcanassuresafeoperationtheflightunderadversemeteorologicalconditionsallovertheworld,fromthehottestequatortocooledpolarcircle,itcannormallytakeoffandland,everairportsathighelevationover4000 belistedasnomalcesforittodeliverandcarrygoods Hotted B747-200F是目前世界上最大的商业机，能够达最大行程和有效载荷，它的飞机性B747-200FfreighterisonenumberofB747-200aircraft,itsoveralllengthis69.80,overallheightis59.64,umtakeoffweight377842kg,umlandingweight52889kg. um= Whichfullyloadedwithfuel,itcanstillcarrypayloadof52889kg,bythattime,therangewillberangerwithstandardreserve Thefreighterisstructurallyconfiguratedwithupper,mainandlowerthreedeck,atthefrontofthedeckistheflightcompartment,therearegalley,lavatoryandvaluablearticlescabinetattherearmaindeckisthemaincargocompartment,theforwardpartisaftlowercargohod,nearthetailoftheaircraftthereisabulkcargo mainlyformailbagsandotherbulkcargoesThecompartmentarePressurizedcompartmentexceptaftlowerisaircondition,theaftlow statementistrueaccordingtothispassage? D>mailbagsareoftenputinabulkcarrgocompartmentattherearpartofthetail2]B747—200Fwhichcompartmentcannotbeusedtocarrylivegoods?B>theaftlowercargowhichfullyloadedwithfuel,itranstillcarrypayloadof52889kg,herepayloadmeans? 完全的足足Azerofuel wherethebestceforsomevaluableanimalstoliveinthisfreighter? 贵重有价值freighter B>themaincargohowmanydeckarethereinthisfreightaccordingtoitsstructureC> connoris----------A>conductionan B>thecockpittheinfraredcameraisdesignedtohelppilots-------- see 进D>seeinbadweatherorat红外线摄影仪有机划帮助进入坏的天气或夜accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisE>thenewusedinthepersianGulfwarhavebeguntobeusedin这种新技术在波斯湾中开始用于飞机thispassageisabout----------C>newtechnology新技术 1）theflightloadsaretakenby---------D>theskinofanwhichofthefollowingisexposedtomoreextremechangesin 的，于风雨中 的，极度的，尽头下列各项于风雨中哪个受温度影响会极度的变D>anaircraftiscruisingathighaltitudesthetemperture-----------100FC>100degrees,belowzingairframesareasleanastheycansafelybeinorderto-----------D>increasetheprofit-makingweightatanaircraftfatlgueiscaused-----------------D>bymanyfactorsincludingmovementnoise Forallprecticalpurpose,newcommercialaeronesaredesignedforusewithgasturbineorjetengine,thepistonoperatedpetrolengineisnolongerefficientenoughformodernapplicationsandisbeinggraduallyreced 目的意图用途决心 商业的商务的商业性的 rece< 代替顶替新的商业机事先计划好的用气体涡轮机或喷气发动机的实际目的，是活whatthenareadvantagesoftheaircraftgasturbineoverispistoncounterpart?itismorereliableandrunslongerbetweenoverhaulsitproducescontinuouspowerinsteadofthetypical“beatofthepistonengineitsfuel(kerosene)ischeaperthanpetrol,itislighter,bettershapedtominimizedrayand fromvibration `Brieflytheoperationofaturbineengineisasfollows:airissuckedintothefrontoftheenginebyarotalingcompressor,thendintocombustionchambersintowhichthekeroseneissprayed ,thetremendousheatthusgeneratedexpandsthethroughtubesontothebladeaoftheturbinewheel,thiscausedthewhwwltorotateandsopowerisproducedandbyasystemofgears,thisturnsthepropeller. 跟随（表时间，次序等）， 转 rotaling转 Sinfliarlywitharam-jetenginethethrustisobtainedpurelybythejet,thistypeofengineisrarelyusedasitcannotworkatlowspeedsbecauseititreliesonlyforwardspeed(notacompressor)to airintothejet whichofthefollowingisnottrueC>theaircraftgasturbineisheavierthanthepistonbecauseaircraftgasturbineisbettershapedit------------ haslessthepistonoperatedpetrolengine---------- isnotefficientenoughformodernapplication 经济实用 请 申 运用应accordingtothepassagewhatisdintothecombustionAccording Combustion airwhatram-jetenginethethrustisobtained-------------- bytheLESSONRemoteamtiquitiesmendreamedofachicvingverticalflightin400A.Dchildrenyedwithaliketoythatspunupwardsandfellbacktoearthasrotationceased.lconardodavinciconceivedfirstmachanicalappararus,calleda“helix”whichcouldconceivedwasnevertested. 旋转 向上Fellbake fallback 旋转转动 并下降当旋转停止时降落回到地面，LCONARDODAVINCI构想出第一种机械装置，叫 Heanclentdreamwasfinallyrealizedin1940whenaRussianimmigrant,anaeronauticalheliopterpilotedastrange-lookingcraftofsteeltubingwitharotatingfanontop,itsroseawkwardlyverlicallyintotheairfromastandingstarthovered，afewfeetabovetheground,wentsidewavsbackwardsandthensettledbacktoearth,thatverticalwascalledahelicopter. 实现认识到，了解 移入的，的 航空的飞行的 他的梦想直到1940年才最终实现，当一个飞机的驾驶一架看上去奇怪hatishelicopterCAnaircraftthatcantakeoffverticallyVertically垂直的whatconditionsarehelicoptersfoundtobealmostindispensable Dforurgentmissionstoinaccessibleces WhatIssaidaboutthedevelopmentofhelicopterDsomepeoplethoughtthey ewidelyusedbythe

个人个人的whattheuseofhelicopterdevelopedCTheareoftenusedforrescuework Thebesttitleofthispassageis DthedevelopmentanduseofLESSONTogetanaeroneintotheairandflyitisoneproblemtoflyitintherightdirectionandlandatapolithundreds，perhapsthousandsofawaypresentsanothersetofproblemsallogether,thepocessoffundingthewayfromcetoanotherisknownasnavigationandasfarasaeronesareconcerned,thisfrequentlyhastobedoneatnight,orincloudyweather,whenthegroundcannotbeused. …… Themeaningofword“navigate”C)toflythewayfromonecetoradarallowsapilotto能使看穿夜空和烟 throughthedarknessor eafairlysimplematterorlocating 公平的，正当的 地界标 简单的 Bonaclear 空旷 扫除清whichofthefollowingisnottruewhichoneofthefollowingisnotincludedinthebasicaircraftinstrumentsusedfornavigation?Bthejetengine Anewtechniqueforreducingtheexhaustnoiseofjetenginesforsu icaircraftis byateamattheUniversityofCalifornia.Irvine(UCI),ledbythecon dimitripapamosechou.Workonthenoisesuppressionconcept,conceptknowastheMACHWaveEliminatorissupporledbyASAandhasattravtedinterestform,GENERALELEVTRICandMCDONNELLDOUGLASsocalledMACHwavesareshockwavesformedbyturbulenteddiesintheexhaustofenginessuchasthoseunder forthenextgenerationhigh-speedciviltransport(HSCT).thehigh-energyeddiesereatea effect,akintothatofgaseousbullets,whichgeneratemuchoftheenginenoise.Pupaihoschoustechniqueinvolveseliminatingthethewavebyslowingtheeddiestosubsonicspeedsmainmethodsareundertest…involvingadjustmentoftheco-flowaroundthecoreoftheengine,itreallyakintothestreaminaturbofanenginebyselectingorchangingthepropertiesofthe wecaneliminatetheMACHwavesthetechniquementionedinthepassageIsused B)reducethenoiseoftheengines whatdevelopedtheconceptofthenewtechnique D)professordimitri Accordingtothepassage,howisaMACHwaveformed?依照这一节MACH甚麽组成B)itiscreatedbythelittlewhirlpools,whicharesomethinglikegaseousbullets 它是由小的涡流造成的，象气体式的东inordertoeliminatetheMACHwave,theresearcherwillinorderto 为了除去MACHslowtheeddiestosubsonicspeeds 5）whohasshowninterestinthenewtechniquedevelopmentbyECI CGeneralElectric&McdonnellDouglas IntheManchesteraccidentalthoughtheaircraftneverleftthegroundanddidnotcollidewithanything,55peoplediedmostlyfromasphyxiationfromnoxiousfumes,thefirehadstartedwhenthe-737-200snumberoneengineexploded.acombustionchamberhadfailedandapieceoftheblandformtheexplosionpiercedawing-fuel,thecrewunawareoftheseverityofthefirebecausetheycouldnotseetheengineorwing,abandonedtake-offbutdidnothaltontherunwayandorderiminediateevacuation.thecaptaindecidedtoleavetherunwaybeforestop,puttingthe ,wingupwindofthefuselage,thefirespreadfasttothefuselageandtherestishistoryOneofthefirstquestionstoemergefromthewas:ifthecrewhadbeenabletosee severethefirewaswouldtheyhavearrangedemergencyevacuationoftheaircraftfaster?the almostcertainlyyes 的，被打碎 The Emerge 出 紧急，紧急事故，紧急情况，非常时 在MANCHESTER55人因气体窒息而死。当737-200的一号发动机因燃烧室故障使叶片从膨胀中飞出刺穿机翼油箱引起而起火。所有得人都不知道起火的原因，因为他们看不道到发动机 accordingtothepassage,whatwasthemajorreasonoftheMANCHESTERaccidentc)Theharmfulsmokefromthefire howdidtheaircraftcatchfireafteritsNo.1engineexploded ，为何飞机的发动机后会起火c)theleftwingwasupwindofthe3）whatdidthecaptaindecidetodoaftertheexplosionC）leavetherunwayandthenwhathappenedwhentheaircraftwasleavingtherunwayA)thefirespreadtofuselagebecauseofthewind 因为风的原因火到机5）whatdidthecaptainfailtoabandontheaircraftasearlyaspossible asearly 为什么机长可能如此早到放弃飞机thecaptaindidnotthinkthesituationwasseriousbecausehecouldnotsee. Thehigheranefliesthecolderthetemperatureoftheairarounditat35000feetandabovetheoutsideairisaroundminus70degreesFahrenheit(minus50degreesCelsius)far.farcolderthananiceboxAnaircraftclimbsatmosphericpressurefallstoo,fromabout15poundspersquareinchatsealeveltoaroundfourpoundspersquareinchatairlinecruisingheight,whichmaybe10000feetabovethehighestaltitudethatwillsustainhumanlife.cabinpressureisusuallyallowedtofallgentlytotheequipmentof8000feet,andmaintainedatthatlevelbypressurizingthefuselage.Piston-enginedaircraftandturbopropshaveaircompressorstomaintaincabinpressure,jetengineshadsomuchairthatpressurizationscanbebledfromthemundergreatpressure,andalreadyveryhot.thesearecooledinaheat-exchangerfromwheresomeisfedtothecabinandthe expelled.fullpressurizationcanaddatonofweighttoa747.OxygenmasksareinstalledabovepassengerseatsforemergencyuseintheeventofPressairfortheenvironmentalcontrolsystemisheatedinsameheat-exchangerhumidifiesandintothecabintoair-conditionittoaconstantlevelofcomfort Poundpersquare 磅/ Oxygenmask ，大事，事Environmentalcontrol 70华氏度（50摄氏度），比在冰箱还冷。舱和作动中。thealtitudeincreases,thetemperature 2)Accordingtothesecondparagraph,whydothemodernaircraftneedthepressurizationsystem? Maintainingsuitablecabinpressureforhumanlifeandcomfort Howdothejetaircraft“spressurizationandair-conditioningsystemworkBleedingairfromjetenginesthencoolingitintheheat-exchanger Bleeding whichofthefollowingis(are)essentialtohumanlive? A）airpressureB）airtemperatureaccordingtothepassengers,whatshouldbedoneinthecabinifthepressurizationprovidingpassengerswhitOxygentobreath. LESSONThermalsystemusedforthepurposeofpreventingtheformationoficeorfordeicingairfoilleadingedges,usuallyuseheatedairductedspanwisealongtheinsideoftheleadingedgeoftheairfoilanddistributedarounditsinnersurface,howeverelectricallyheatedelementsarealsousedforanti-icinganddeicingairfoilleadingedge.Thereareseveralmethodsusedtoprovideheatedair:,theseincludedbleedinghotairfromtheenginecompressor,engineexhaustheatexchangersandramairheatedbyacombustionheater.Ininstallationwhereprotectionisprovidedbypreventingtheformationofice,heatedairisdcontinuoustotheleadingedgesaslongastheanti-icingsystemis“on”,whenasystemisdesignedtotheleadingedgesneedssomuchhotterairisdfortheshorterperiodsonacycleThesystemincorporatedinsomeaircraftincludeanautomatic-temperaturecontrol,thetemperatureismaintainedwithinapredeterminedrangebymixingheatedairwithcoldairThermal 防止 不 Airfoilleading Ram accordingtothepassage.anti-icinganddeicinganperformedbythe inthemodernjetaircraft. 依照这一节，防冰和除冰是 来完成的在现代喷气飞机上A）thermalsystemandelectricalheatedairusedforde-icingisbledfromA）enginewhatisthedifferencebetweende-icingandanti-icingonthispassageC）de-icinguseshotterairthananti-icingdosebutitoperatesinacyclehowdothermalanti-icingsystemsmaintainthetemperatureCmixinghotairwithcoldthermalanti-icingsystemcanbeusedB)wing,empennageandengineinlets LessonTheturbinesinallmodernjetengines,regardlessofthetypeofcompressorusedareofaxialflowdesign.theturbinesconsistofoneormorestageslocatedimmedia ytotherearoftheengineburnersection.theturbinesextractkineticenergyfromtheexpandinggasesasthegasescomefromtheburnersconvertingthisenergyintoshafthorsepowertodrivethecompressorandtheengine.accessoriesinaturbopshaftorturbopropengine,oneormoreoftheturbineswillalsofurnishthepowerrequiredtoturntheenginedriveorpropellershaft.nearlythree sofallortheenergyavailablefromtheproductsofcombustio9nisneededtodrivethecompressororcompressorsinthecaseofadualcompressorengine.thisincludesthefanofaturbofanengine.iftheengineinaturboshaftorturboprop,theturbinesaredesignedtoextractasmuchenergyaspossiblefromthegasespassingthroughtheenginesoefficientaretheturbinesinsuchenginesthatthepropellerinaturbopropaircraftprovidesapproxima y90percentofthepropulsiveleavingbut10percenttobedbyjetthrustTheaxialflowturbineiscomprisedoftwomainelements.setsofturbinerotorsorwheelsastheyaresometimescalledandsetsofstationaryvane,thestationarypartoftheassemblyconsistsofaneofcontouredvanes,concentricwiththeaxisoftheturbineandsetanangletoformseriesofsmallnozzle,thenozzlesdischargethegasesontothebladesintheturbinerotors,thestationaryvaneassemblyofeachstageintheturbineisusuallycalledaturbinenozzleandthevanesthemselvesarecalledturbinenozzleguidevanes.1)1)2)2),3)y3)4)45)5)vn6)的 7)精力精神能 8)转换…，使…仰 的 13几乎 14)第四，传动装置 15)可用到的，可利用的，用的 16) 18)近似地 19) 20)推进 21)力量V强制促进推 22) 23)集合装配集结汇 24)翼叶片风向 变化不的 25)轮廓周线 27)VI 28)连续，系列，，级 30) 用能量来自燃烧室产生的（膨胀气体）90的推力离地，10turbinesinallmodernjetenginesare turbinesinanengineareusedtodrive Bthecompressorand/orthefantheaxialflowturbineismadeupof madeup由 Drotorand doesaturbinealwaysextractasmachenergyaspossiblefromgas?Dno.itdependsonthetypeoftheengineswhatismainideaofthisarticle? CthefunctionandthestructureofThecombustionoffuelandairatnormalbarometricpressurewillnotproducesufficientenergytoenablepowertobeextractedfromtheexpandinggasesinsufficienttytoproduceusefulworkerreasonableefficiencies.theenergyreleasedbycombustionisproportionaltothemassofairconsumedtherefore.moreairisneededthannormalbarometricpressurewillprovidetoincreasetheefficientofthecombustioncycle.inbothreciprocatingandgasturbineengines,theairorthemixtureoffuelandairmustbecompressedinorderthataumamountofaircanbehandledinagivenvolumecompressioninareciprocatingengineis plishedbymeansofapistonwhichactsasaplungecompressingthefuel-airmixtureasthepistonmovesintoacloselyfittingtubewhichisclosedatonend,thistubeistheenginecylinder.manyreciprocatingenginesfurtherincreasetheamountofairconsumedbytheadditionofasupercharger.Thegasturbineenginemustrelyuponsomeothermeansofcompression,thefindingofasucsfactorymannerinwhichto plishthisnecessarypartofthegasturbinecycleMainstumbingblockduringtheearlyyearsofthecentrifugaltype,whichisstillbeingusedSuccessfullyinmanyofthesmallergasturbineenginestoday,however,theefficiencylevelswhich beanamedarerelativelylow.theefficienciesofmulti-stagecentuifugalcompressorsaresomewhatbetter,butstilldonotcomparewiththosewhicharepossiblewithaxial-flowcompressors.ACompressorpressurerotorof4or5toIisabouttheumratioofwhichsinglestagecentrifugalcompressorsarenormallycapable,axialcompressorsontheotherhandproducemuchlighterratles efficiencydualrotoraxialtypeforinstancecanattainaratioof12to1orbetter,axialcompressorshavetheaddedadvantageofbeingmorecompactandpresentarelativelysmallfrontalandwhichisanimportantfeatureinanaircraftengine.thereforemostlargegasturbinesemploy ofLessonTheturbinesinallmodernjetengines,regardlessofthetypeofcompressorusedareofaxialflowdesign.theturbinesconsistofoneormorestageslocatedimmediaytotherearoftheengineburnersection.theturbinesextractkineticenergyfromtheexpandinggasesasthegasescomefromtheburnersconvertingthisenergyintoshafthorsepowertodrivethecompressorandtheengine.accessoriesinaturbopshaftorturbopropengine,oneormoreoftheturbineswillalsofurnishthepowerrequiredtoturntheenginedriveorpropellershaft.nearlythreesofallortheenergyavailablefromtheproductsofcombustio9nisneededtodrivethecompressororcompressorsinthecaseofadualcompressorengine.thisincludesthefanofaturbofanengine.iftheengineinaturboshaftorturboprop,theturbinesaredesignedtoextractasmuchenergyaspossiblefromthegasespassingthroughtheenginesoefficientaretheturbinesinsuchenginesthatthepropellerinaturbopropaircraftprovidesapproxima y90percentofthepropulsiveleavingbut10percenttobedbyjetthrustTheaxialflowturbineiscomprisedoftwomainelements.setsofturbinerotorsorwheelsastheyaresometimescalledandsetsofstationaryvane,thestationarypartoftheassemblyconsistsofaneofcontouredvanes,concentricwiththeaxisoftheturbineandsetanangletoformseriesofsmallnozzle,thenozzlesdischargethegasesontothebladesintheturbinerotors,thestationaryvaneassemblyofeachstageintheturbineisusuallycalledaturbinenozzleandthevanesthemselvesarecalledturbinenozzleguidevanes.y,vn6)的7)7)精力精神能8)8)转换…，使…仰的用的16)16)y近似地 力量V强制促进推 22) 23)集合装配集结汇 24)翼叶片风向 变化不的 25)轮廓周线 27)VI 28)连续，系列，，级 30) 用能量来自燃烧室产生的（膨胀气体）90的推力离地，10 turbinesinallmodernjetenginesare turbinesinanengineareusedtodrive Bthecompressorand/orthefantheaxialflowturbineismadeupof madeup由 Drotorand doesaturbinealwaysextractasmachenergyaspossiblefromgas?Dno.itdependsonthetypeoftheengineswhatismainideaofthisarticle? CthefunctionandthestructureofLessonThecombustionoffuelandairatnormalbarometricpressurewillnotproducesufficientenergytoenablepowertobeextractedfromtheexpandinggasesinsufficienttytoproduceusefulworkerreasonableefficiencies.theenergyreleasedbycombustionisproportionaltothemassofairconsumedtherefore.moreairisneededthannormalbarometricpressurewillprovidetoincreasetheefficientofthecombustioncycle.inbothreciprocatingandgasturbineengines,theairorthemixtureoffuelandairmustbecompressedinorderthataumamountofaircanbehandledinagivenvolumecompressioninareciprocatingengineis plishedbymeansofapistonwhichactsasaplungecompressingthefuel-airmixtureasthepistonmovesintoacloselyfittingtubewhichisclosedatonend,thistubeistheenginecylinder.manyreciprocatingenginesfurtherincreasetheamountofairconsumedbytheadditionofasupercharger.Thegasturbineenginemustrelyuponsomeothermeansofcompression,thefindingofasucsfactorymannerinwhichto plishthisnecessarypartofthegasturbinecycleMainstumbingblockduringtheearlyyearsofthecentrifugaltype,whichisstillbeingusedSuccessfullyinmanyofthesmallergasturbineenginestoday,however,theefficiencylevelswhich beanamedarerelativelylow.theefficienciesofmulti-stagecentuifugalcompressorsaresomewhatbetter,butstilldonotcomparewiththosewhicharepossiblewithaxial-flowcompressors.ACompressorpressurerotorof4or5toIisaboutthe umratioofwhichsinglestagecentrifugalcompressorsarenormallycapable,axialcompressorsontheotherhandproducemuchlighterratles efficiencydualrotoraxialtypeforinstancecanattainaratioof12to1orbetter,axialcompressorshavetheaddedadvantageofbeingmorecompactandpresentarelativelysmallfrontalandwhichisanimportantfeatureinanaircraftengine.thereforemostlargegasturbinesemploy of 有道理的,消耗,用尽,烧毁,有把握的,有把手的,单一的,单独的,把…….放入.把……..纵身投使能够,组成,必不可少的,必定的,必然的,无可避免的,发现物,发现,,结果,研centrifugalcompressorare Alessefficientthanaxial-flowmostlargegasturbinesuseaxial-flowcompressorbecauseof Bhighercompressorratio,smallfrontalareaandhigherefficiency3th