高中英语-it、one、that的用法与区别课件-新人教选修6(通用)

替代词it，that，one(s)，those用法区别【学习目标】为了避免重复,it,that,one(s),those都可用来代替上文出现的名词，但它们的用法不同。现在来区别。

【知识概括】用法

1.it代替的是前面提到的同一名称的同一事物，即同名同物。所代替的名词可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词。如：Thename"whitewater"comesfromthefactthatthewaterinthesestreamsandriverslookswhitewhenitmovesquickly.（it代替不可数名词water)Andtoday,ifyougotoSaltLakeCity,youcanseeamountainwithseagullsontopofit.(it代替可数名词mountain)

I'dliketolookatthatatlas.MayIborrowit?(it代替可数名词atlas)2.one代替的是前面提到的同名异物中的任何一个,即同名异物，是泛指所代替名词是可数名词,其前可带冠词与修饰语。如代替复数名词，则用ones。如：Thepopulationproblemmaybethegreatestoneintheworldtoday.(one代替可数名词problem)-Whichjacketsareyours?-Thewhiteones.(ones代替可数名词jackets)

3.that代替前面提到的同名异物中特指的事物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词，但其前通常不能有修饰语。如：

those都可用来代替上文出现的名词，

Thedoctorinourschoolisyoungerthanthatintheirschool.(that代替可数名词doctor)

Theweatherofthisweekisworsethanthatoflastweek.(that代替不可数名词weather)

Thequalityofironproducedinyourfactoryisbetterthanthatintheirfactory.(that代替不可数名词quality)

4.those代替前面提到的同名异物中特指的事物，只能指代复数名词，相当于theones。如：

InChinastudentslearnEnglishatschoolasaforeignlanguage，exceptforthoseinHongKong，wheremanypeoplespeakEnglishasafirstorasecondlanguage.(those代替复数名词students)

Thecomputersinyourofficearemoreexpensivethanthoseinourschool.(those代替复数名词computers)

区别I.it／one／that三者均可用作代词,指代前面提到的名词。一般说来,it指代同名同物;one与that则指代同名异物。Ihavelostmyumbrella;I'mlookingforit.（该句中it就是指前面的myumbrella）Ihavelostmyumbrella;IthinkImustbuyone.（one在该句中表泛指,因为myumbrella已经丢了）TheumbrellayouboughtischeaperthanthatIbought.（替代词that在该句中特指“theumbrellaIbought”,以区别“theumbrellayoubought”）II.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a／an＋名词;that为特指,相当于the＋名词。所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为a／an／some／any;that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the／this／that。Achairmadeofsteelisstrongerthanonemadeofwood.（该句中one可以换成achair）Thewaterinthecupishotterthanthatinthepot.（该句中that可以换成thewater）III.one只能代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词复数时用ones;that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词复数时用those。Ilikethispenmorethanthatone.（one代替可数名词单数pen）Therewereafewyoungpeopleandsomeolderonesinthehouse.（ones代替可数名词复数people）Mary'shandwritingisfarbetterthanthatofPeter.（that代替不可数名词handwriting）Thesepicturesaremorebeautifulthanthose.（those代替可数名词复数pictures）IV.one既可代替事物,也可代替人,that只能代替事物而不能代替人。有时可以用theone或theones代替that或those。Theone／Thatonthetableismine.（该句中Theone代替事物,并且也可以用That）Heistheteacher,theonewhoislovedbythestudents.（该句中theone代替人,不能用that）Headvisedthefarmerstochoosethebestseed-heads,theones／thosethathadthebestcolor.（该句中theones代替事物,并且也可以用those）V.one一般有前置修饰语,有时也可有后置修饰语或不用修饰语。而that不能有前置修饰语,但可有后置修饰语。Cookwasastrictbutgoodcaptain,onewhotookgoodcareofhissailors.Thewaterinthewelliscleanerthanthatintheriver.VI.it可以替代句中的不定式或从句等,充当形式主语或形式宾语。one与that均无此用法。Itisknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.Ifoundithardtogetonwithher.VII.it与that均可以替代上文全句的内容或部分内容,而one／ones则不可以。Hehassavedmylife;I'llneverforgetit.（it代替第一分句）Tomispaintinghishouse.Iamtoldhedoesiteveryfouryears.（it代替前面分句的部分内容paintinghishouse）Let'ssaywemeethereatthreeo'clock.Thatoughttogiveyoutimetobuyeverything.（That代替前面表述的内容）

可数单数用one替，

ones替代复数词。

不定冠词后加one，

one前一般有定语。

替代若系本身物，

it替单they代复。

比较句中替代词，

不可数名词that替。

最高级及序数词后，

替代词常常被略去。

复数名词替代词，

ones与those均用

之，

特指ones加定冠，

those之前无冠词。

One(s)的定语多在前，

those的定语必后置。MrZhanggavethetextbookstoallthepupilsexcept_____whohadalreadytakenthem.

A.theones

B.ones

C.some

D.theothers

2.Ifind_____easyenoughtogetonwithPam.

A.thatB.thisC.oneD.it

3.IfIcanstophercomingtoyou,Ishalldo_____.

A.thoseB.whichC.theseD.it

4.Ihaven'tapen.Canyoulendme_____?

A.these

B.those

C.them

D.one5._____isnecessarythatIgetthetextofmyrevisiontyped.

A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It

6.Itook_____forgranted（conj.假定;就算）thatyouwouldstaywithus.

A.itB.thatC.theseD.them

7.Fewpleasurescanequal_____ofacooldrinkonahotday.

A.some

B.any

C.that

D.those

8.Ofallmyoldfriends,theonly_____IsawmuchofwasBetty.

A.itB.thatC.oneD.this

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