2023届山东省聊城市2023年普通高中学业水平等级考试英语模拟卷（三模）及答案

普通高中学业水平等级考试英语模拟卷〔三模〕一、阅读理解(共15小题；每题2.5分，总分值37.5分)1.阅读理解CommunityVolunteerProject,NepalCarriedoutinlocationsthroughoutNepal,thisprojectisaimedatpromotingsocialwell-beingthroughculturalexchangeandsupportinghealthcareandenvironmentalissues.LocationFarmingplacements(实习工作)areavailableintheTeraiofChitwaninsouthernNepal,andthefoothillsoftheHimalayasnearGerkhu.MedicalplacementsareavailableinthecitiesofKathmanduorPokhara.FreeTimeYoucanexplorethelocalareaandspendtimewithyourhostfamilyexperiencingNepaleseculture.AllplacementsalsoincludeaguidedsightseeingtourofKathmandu.Testimonial(推荐信)Itwasvery-rewarding.Ihopemorevolunteerscangetoutthereandmakeadifference,helpingtogiveNepalisastandardoflivingthatmatchesthegreatqualityoffamilyvaluestheyhaveandtheamazinglandscapesthere.*CapeFearRiverWatchConservationProject,theUSAAnenvironmentalvolunteeringopportunityforstudentstoworktowardsprotectingandimprovingthewaterqualityoftheLowerCapeFearRiverBasininWilmington,NorthCarolina,theUSA,throughenvironmentaleducation,advocacyandaction.LocationThischarmingcityislocatedinthesoutheasterncornerofNorthCarolinabetweentheCapeFearRiverandtheAtlanticOcean.FreeTimeWilmingtonofferstheperfectenvironmentformanyoutdooractivitiessuchassurfing,sailingandbiking.Inaddition,thenearbyWrightsville,CarolinaandKureBeachesaretouristattractionsforboaters,surfers,sunbathersandseafoodlovers.TestimonialLeadingtheEcoCampattheendofmystaywasoneofthemostexcitingexperiencesduringmystay.Iwasabletosharemyenthusiasmfortheenvironmentwithnotonlythechildrenatthecampbuttheirparents.FraserDane,theUK〔1〕WhatplacementsdoestheNepalprojectoffer?A.MedicalplacementsinChitwaninsouthernNepal.

B.MedicalplacementsonpeaksoftheHimalayas.

C.FarmingplacementsclosetoGerkhu.

D.FarmingplacementsinKathmanduorPokhara.〔2〕WhoaremorelikelytobeattractedbytheUSAprojectconsideringthefreetimeactivities?A.Climbers.

B.Vegetarians.

C.Shoppinglovers.

D.Cyclinglovers.〔3〕Whatdothetwoprojectshaveincommon?A.Theybothimpressedforeignvolunteers.

B.Theyarebothfamilyvolunteeringprojects.

C.Theyarebothinremoteruralcommunities.

D.Theybothprovidefreeguidedsightseeingtours.2.阅读理解JackFrosthaspaidanothervisittotheMidwest.Forthesecondtimethisweek,amajorwinterstormhasleftpeoplefromOklahomatotheGreatLakesstrugglingtostaysafeandwarm.Heavy,wetsnowhasshutdownmajorhighways,putoffflightsandlefthundredsofthousandsofMidwesternerwithoutpower."It'sjustsnow.That'sallwecansee,"saidShannonWickwareofWoodward.ThestormbeganinTexasonSundayandrapidlytravelednorth.AgustofwindpushedthestormuptowardsOklahoma,bringingfifteeninchesofsnowtopartsofOklahoma.ItthenmovedeastandhoveredoverChicago,droppingfourinchesofwetsnowontopofthecityanditssuburbs.Airlinescancelednearly500flightsatChicago'sO'HareandMidwayairports.Later,thestormsweptOhio,causingalotofproblemsforthelocalpeople.Takingintoaccountthesafetyoftheirstudentsinthestorm,manyschoolsintheaffectedareaseitherputoffopeningordidnotopenatall.InKansasCity,Missouri,uptoteninchesofsnowhadfallenbeforemiddayonTuesday.Thecity'smayor,StyJames,declaredastateofemergency.Mostgovernmentandofficebuildingswereshutdown.Somehospitalswereforcedtocloseurgent-careclinics.Whileheavysnowfallisnotusualforthispartofthecountryatthistimeofyear,itistheamountofmoistureinthesnowthatmakesconditionsextra"treacherous".Whensnowisespeciallywet,itweighsdowntreesandbringsdownpowerlines.Roofscancaveinunderthepressureandroadscanbecomeveryicy.Thepowerlineshavecutoffelectricitytomorethan100,000homesandbusinessesintheMidwest.Assnowfallsandthetemperaturecontinuestodrop,peoplearepreparingthebesttheycantostaydryandsafe.Thebadweatherismakingtraveldifficultforevensnowplows(扫雪机)andrepairvehicles.〔1〕What'stheCORRECTorderoftheplacesthatthesnowstormpassed?a.Chicago

b.Oklahoma

c.Texas

d.Ohio

〔2〕WhatcanbeinferredaboutKansasCity,Missouri?A.Itwashitworsethananyothercitybythestorm.

B.Ithadneverexperiencedsuchabigstormbefore.

C.Itwasseriouslyaffectedbythesnowstorm.

D.Itwasn'thitasbadlyasexpectedbythestorm.〔3〕Whatdoestheunderlinedword"treacherous"inParagraph4mean?A.Unpleasant.

B.Dangerous.

C.Natural.

D.Stable.〔4〕Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMidwestwashitbysnowstormstwice

B.AnothermajorwinterstormsweptthroughtheMidwest

C.Americahasverysevereweatherthiswinter

D.SchoolsinAmericahavebeenclosedbecauseofastorm3.阅读理解Asenseofbelongingtoagroupofco-workersisabettermotivatorforsomeemployeesthanmoney，accordingtoastudybyUniversityoflowaresearchers."Wefindthatsomeself-managedteamsshowincreasedperformance,whentheirmembersworktogetherwell,"saysGregStewart,theleadprofessorinthestudy.Atthebeginning，Stewart'sgroupstudiedhowmanagersofself-managedteamsdecidedpayment.Theystudied587workersin45self-managedteamsinIowa.Thememberswereallowedtogivesuggestionsonhowmuchtheirteammatesshouldbepaidfortheirwork.Themanagerscollectedtheirideasandthenmadedecisions.Thememberswereaskedabouthowmuchtheirteamspiritattractedthem，andmanagerswereaskedabouttheproductivityofbothindividualsandteams."Inhighfunctioningteamsthegroupmembersworkactivelywitheachother,andtheyencourageandsupporteachother,"saysStephenCourtright，memberoftheresearchgroup.Thereasonisthatpeerpressureactsasanimportantsocialforce.Membersdon'twanttodisappointtheirteammates，soteamspiritismoreeffectiveeventhanmoneyasamotivatingtool.Peoplehaveasocialneedtobeaccepted，toberegardedasapartofagroupandwanttoperformwell.However,thisworksonlywhenteammembersgetalong.Whentheydon't,thenself-managedteamsperformbadly.Whenteammembersdon'tcaremuchforeachother,Courtrightsaysteamspiritasamotivatingfactorwon'twork.Somoneybecomesthemainmotivatingfactortoimproveproductivity.Thecarrotandstickmethodisthatmanagersofferteammembersthingsinordertopersuadethemtoworkandpunishthemiftheyrefuse."Teamsperformbetterwhenthereispressurefrompeerstoperformwellthanwhenmanagerswaveacarrotandstick,"Courtrightsays."However,thecarrotandstickmethodworkswellwhenteammembersjustcan'tgetalong."〔1〕AccordingtoParagraph2,membersoftheselfmanagedteams________.A.putgreateffortsintotheirwork

B.tookprideintheirteams

C.preferredteamworktopersonalwork

D.couldadvisemanagersonincomesoftheirteammates〔2〕WhycansometeamshavehighfunctionsaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Theirteamleadersareprofessionalandstrict.

B.Theirteammembersgethighmoneyrewards.

C.Theirmembersattachimportancetoteamspirit.

D.Theirteammembershavelessworkpressure.〔3〕Thekeyfactorforteamspirittoworkwellisthatteammembers________.A.arehighlyeducated

B.carefortheirproductivity

C.setcleargoalsfortheirwork

D.haveagoodrelationshipwitheachother〔4〕Whatdoesthestudyfocuson?A.Howtodealwithpeerpressureatwork.

B.Howmotivatorsworkinjobs.

C.Theadvantagesofself-managedteams.

D.Theimportanceofbuildingteamspiritformanagers.4.阅读理解FacialrecognitiontechnologywasusedtopermitpassengerstogetonflightsatHartsfield-JacksonAtlantaInternationalairportlastweek,makingitthefirstinthenationtousethesystem.Thetechnologycanbeusedbyinternationalpassengerstravelingthroughaspecialterminal,whichisoperatedbyDeltaAirlines.Deltasaiditisthefirstfullybiometric(生物特征识别)airportterminaltooperateintheU.S.Thegoalofthesystemistosimplifyandspeeduptheprocessofpresentingdocumentstogetonaflight.Passengerscanbeginusingthefacialrecognitionsystemwhentheyfirstarriveattheairport.Afterthefirstcheck-in,passengerscanalsousefacerecognitiontopassthroughsecurityandtogetontheplane.Thesystempreventstheneedfortravelerstopresenttheirpassportuptofourtimesduringtheusualcheckinprocess.Travelerslookintoacamerathatscanstheirface.ThisimageisthencomparedagainstacollectionofpictureskeptbytheCBP(U.S.CustomsandBorderProtection).Theagencycollectsfacescansfrompassportsandvisas.Thesystem,however,hasraisedconcernsaboutprivacy.JeramieScott,alawyerwiththeElectronicPrivacyInformationCenter,hascalledtheuseoffacialrecognitionatU.S.airportsa"massivethreat".Hesaidthatthegovernmenthascreated"adigitalIDofmillionsofAmericans"throughfacialrecognition,andthegovernment'sfacialrecognitiondatabaseofcitizenscouldheusedforotherpurposeswithoutanindividual'spermission."Thegovernmentnowhasthepowertoidentifyyouwheneveritwants.Andtheydidthiswithoutapublicdiscussionorconsenttakingphotoscollectedforonepurposeandusingitforanother,"hesaid.TheCBPtoldCBSNewsthatanyU.S.citizenwhohasprivacyconcernscanchoosenottotakepartinthefacialrecognitionsystem.ThiswouldpreventtheairlinefromcollectingafacescantocomparewithSBPrecords.ItspolicyistoremovephotosofU.S.citizensfromitssystemoncetheiridentifieshavebeenconfirmed.DeltaGayabouttwopercentofpassengersusingtheAtlantaairportterminalhavechosennottousethefacialrecognitionsystem.Nextyear,theairlineplanstoexpanditsbiometricsystemforinternationaltravelersatDetroitMetropolitanAirportinMichigan.〔1〕WhyisthefacialrecognitiontechnologyusedinAtlantaInternationalAirport?A.Toscanthetravelers'faces.

B.Toraiseconcernsaboutprivacy.

C.Tomakemorepeopleboardtheplanes.

D.Tomaketheboardingmoreconvenient.〔2〕What'sJeramieScott'sattitudetowardfacialrecognitiontechnology?A.Cautious.

B.Uncaring.

C.Doubtful.

D.Favorable.〔3〕Whatcanwelearnaboutthefacialrecognitionsystem?A.Thesystemmaybepromoted.

B.Passengers'photoswillbestored.

C.Mostpassengersrejectthesystem.

D.Thesystemscanspassportsandvisas.〔4〕Wherecanyouprobablyreadthetext?A.Inanewsreport.

B.Inatravelhandbook.

C.Inasciencebook.

D.Inanentertainmentmagazine.二、任务型阅读(共5小题，每题2.5分，总分值12.5分)5.阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverobservedthestreetsinthemorning?Youwillseesomepeoplewalkingonthestreetorafewvehiclespassingby.Theremightbesomepeopleintheirgymclothesgoingtotheirgymandtheremightbesomecomingoutforanormalmorningwalk.________Itisbecausemanypeoplechoosetoexerciseinthemorning.Therearemanyadvantagesofamorningworkout.Afewoftheseadvantagesarediscussedbelow.Oneoftheadvantagesofamorningworkoutisthatyourremainfreshallthroughouttheday.Theworkoutsmaybeanythinglikeawalk,gym,danceoryoga.Younolongerfeeltiredorsleepy.________Peoplewhoexerciseregularlyinthemorningareobservedtohavehealthydiethabits.Also,itisobservedthatthedietoptionsofpeoplewhoworkoutinthemorningarehealthy.________Morningworkoutsarebeneficialifyouaresufferingfromindigestion.Onceyoustartexercisinginthemorningyouputascheduletoyourday.________Everybodyhasabusyscheduleanditbecomeshardtosparetimeforexercising.Morningtimeistheonlybestoptionavailableforexercisingtoalotofpeople.________Exercisingwithlightstomachisverygoodandhasmoreeffectsthanexercisingafterlunchorbreakfast.Themorningairisveryfreshandhasmoreoxygencomparedtotherestoftheday.A.Morningworkoutshardlytakeyoualotoftime.B.Theworkoutsmakeyouhavelesstimetorestthanbefore.C.Thefooddigestionisproperandthebodyfunctionsbetter.D.Thisparticularsceneisquiteevidentinthemornings.E.Theadvantageisthatyouaremoreregularthanbefore.F.Themorningworkoutsareusuallybeforebreakfast.G.Themorningworkoutskeepyourskinandfacefreshaswell.三、完形填空(共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分)6.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。Ithadbeenonlytwoweeks,butteachingatMingJhengturnedouttobethemostrewardingexperienceofmylife.Inotonly1

adeeperunderstandingaboutteaching,2

experiencedunimaginableculturaldifferences.Imadesomelifelongfriends,andlearnedtobeamore3

individual.Thingswerenotall4

atthebeginning.Neverhavingtaughtbefore,Istillrecallhow5

Iwasatthenightbeforemyfirstdayofclass.HowwouldIkeepthestudents6

forsixperiodsaday?Howwouldtheyreacttomyteachingplansandactivities?ThereweremanyotherconditionsandfearsIhadto7.Havingbeenforcedintosuchasituation,Iwastaughtbymyfellowteachersalotaboutbeingamoregenerous,considerateperson.TeachingatMingJhengturnedouttobequite8

fromwhatIhadexpected.Iwas9

byhowrespectfulmostofthestudentswere.Somegirlswould10

tomeandoffermemessageswhile11

wouldsharetheirpreciouscandieswithme.Duringthebreaks,agroupofsecondgraderswouldgatheraroundmeandaskforhugs.Gradually,thethirdandfourthgraderswould12

mebythehandandmakemeplaywiththemintheplayground.Hownicelythesekidstreatedmeandappreciatedme!Allmy13

andexhaustionpaidoffintheend.Everythingwasworthit.Now,asI14

thepastmonth,Icansmileandsay,thatI'vetrulygrown,mentallyandsocially.ThankstotheOverseasCompatriotYouthVolunteerTeachingEnglishProgram,ithastaughtmesomanythingsIwould15

havelearnedinschool.1.A.sharedB.developedC.producedD.created2.A.butB.yetC.alsoD.still3.A.selfishB.carefulC.independentD.energetic4.A.perfectB.funnyC.complexD.meaningful5.A.gloomyB.nervousC.confidentD.delighted6.A.innocentB.competitiveC.knowledgeableD.interested7.A.faceB.identifyC.confirmD.make8.A.freeB.distantC.differentD.absent9.A.inspiredB.impressedC.fascinatedD.influenced10.A.comeupB.comeonC.comeoutD.comethrough11.A.anotherB.otherC.theotherD.others12.A.holdB.getC.takeD.carry13.A.courageB.energyC.effortsD.effects14.A.thinkoverB.lookdownonC.thinkoutD.lookbackon15.A.oftenB.neverC.everD.sometimes四、语法填空(共10小题;每题1.5分，总分值15分)7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ecotourismistheoppositeofmasstourism.Peopletraveltoremoteareasandvisitfarawayplaceswithoutdestroyingtheenvironment.Ecotourismisintended________smallgroupsoftouristswhowanttolearnmoreaboutnatureinacertainareaandhelppeoplewholivethere.Eco-touriststraveltoplaces________plantsandanimalsarethemainattractions.Theywanttoknowmoreabouthowpeoplelivesidebysidein________naturalhabitat.Ecotourismmakespeoplerecognizehowbeautifulthelandandthecountrysideare.Localtourguidesshow________(visit)howimportantourenvironmentis.Theyknowhowtheregionhasdevelopedovertime.Touristsstayinsmalllocalhouses,asopposedtobighotelsinmasstourismregions.Ecotourismstartedoutinthe1980sasanalternativetomasstourism.Todayitisoneofthe________(fast)growingsectorsofthetourismindustrybecausemoreandmorepeopleare________(gradual)realizingtheimportanceoftheenvironment.Asaresult,somecountriesareusingecotourism________(gain)profits.Insomeareas,it________(operate)byforeigninvestorswhoareonlyinterestedin________(they)ownprofits.However,________(bring)toomanypeopletotheremoteplacecoulddamagelocalculture.五、(共两节，总分值40分)8.假定你是某英文报社的一位业余记者，为了弘扬中国传统文化，你所在的社区在五一劳动节期间举办了“首届社区文化节〞，请用英语写一篇文章报道此事。内容包括：1〕活动目的;2〕活动内容：剪纸大赛、书法展览等;3〕你的感受。注意：1〕词数80左在;2〕可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。TheFirstCommunityCultureFestivalwasaSuccess9.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Forty-threeyearsseemslikealongtimetorememberthenameofamerefriend.IhavealreadyforgottenthenameofanoldladywhowasacustomeronmypaperroutewhenIwasatwelve-year-oldboyinMarinette,Wisconsinbackin1954.YetitseemslikejustyesterdaythatshetaughtmealessoninforgivenessthatIcanonlyhopetopassontosomeoneelsesomeday.OnaSaturdayafternoon,afriendandIwerethrowingrocksontotheroofoftheoldlady'shousefromasecretspotinherbackyard.Theobjectofourplaywastoobservehowtherockschangedtomissilesastheyrolledtotheroof'sedgeandshotoutintotheyardlikecomets(彗星)fallingfromthesky.Ifoundmyselfaperfectlysmoothrockandsentitforaride.Thestonewastoosmooth,however,soitslippedfrommyhandasIletitgoandheadedstraightforasmallwindowontheoldlady'sbackporch.Atthesoundofbrokenglass,wetookofffromtheoldlady'syardfasterthananyofourmissilesflewoffherroof.IwassoscaredaboutgettingcaughtthatIwasconcernedabouttheoldladywiththebrokenporchwindowallthetimethatnight.However,afewdayslater,whenIwassurethatIhadn'tbeendiscovered,Istartedtofeelguiltyforherbadluck.ShestillgreetedmewithasmileeachdaywhenIgaveherthepaper,butIwasnolongerabletolookintohereyes.ImadeupmymindthatIwouldsavemypaperdeliverymoney,andinthreeweeksIhadthesevendollarsthatIthoughtwouldcoverthecostofherwindow.IputthemoneyinanenvelopewithanoteexplainingthatIwassorryforbreakingherwindowandhopedthatthesevendollarswouldcoverthecostforrepairingit.Paragraph1：Iwaiteduntilitwasdark.Paragraph2：Thenextday,Ihandedtheoldladyherpaper.

答案解析局部一、阅读理解(共15小题；每题2.5分，总分值37.5分)1.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了两个志愿者环境保护工程。【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。1.(1)考查细节理解。根据Location局部中的“Farmingplacements(实习工作)areavailableintheTeraiofChitwaninsouthernNepal，andthefoothillsoftheHimalayasnearGerkhu.〞在尼泊尔南部奇旺的Terai和靠近Gerkhu的喜马拉雅山麓都有实习工作。可知，尼泊尔工程提供靠近Gerkhu的实习工作。应选C。1.(2)考查细节理解。根据FreeTime局部中的“Wilmingtonofferstheperfectenvironmentformanyoutdooractivitiessuchassurfing,sailingandbiking.〞威明顿为许多户外活动提供了完美的环境，如冲浪、帆船和骑自行车。可知，考虑到空闲时间的活动，骑行爱好者更有可能被美国工程吸引。应选D。1.(3)考查推理判断。根据CommunityVolunteerProject,Nepal局部FreeTime中的“YoucanexplorethelocalareaandspendtimewithyourhostfamilyexperiencingNepaleseculture.〞您可以探索当地，并花时间与您的寄宿家庭体验尼泊尔文化；CapeFearRiverWatchConservationProject,theUSA局部中的“AnenvironmentalvolunteeringopportunityforstudentstoworktowardsprotectingandimprovingthewaterqualityoftheLowerCapeFearRiverBasininWilmington,NorthCarolina,theUSA,throughenvironmentaleducation,advocacyandaction.〞为学生提供一个环境志愿者时机，通过环境教育、宣传和行动，保护和改善美国北卡罗来纳州威明顿的下开普菲尔河盆地的水质；以及“FraserDane，theUK〞FraserDane，英国，可知，这两个工程都都给外国志愿者留下了深刻印象。应选A。2.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，本周第二次冬季暴风雪让从俄克拉荷马州到五大湖的人们努力保持平安和温暖。【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜想，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的根底上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2.(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ThestormbeganinTexasonSundayandrapidlytravelednorth.AgustofwindpushedthestormuptowardsOklahoma,bringingfifteeninchesofsnowtopartsofOklahoma.ItthenmovedeastandhoveredoverChicago,droppingfourinchesofwetsnowontopofthecityanditssuburbs.〞这场风暴于周日在德克萨斯州开始，并迅速向北移动。一阵大风将风暴推向俄克拉荷马州，俄克拉荷马州局部地区降下了15英寸的雪。然后它向东移动，在芝加哥上空盘旋，在该市及其郊区上空落下了4英寸厚的湿雪；以及“Later,thestormsweptOhio,causingalotofproblemsforthelocalpeople.〞后来，风暴席卷俄亥俄州，给当地居民带来了很多问题。可知，暴风雪路过的地方顺序为Texas到Oklahoma到Chicago再到Ohio。应选D。2.(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Thecity'smayor,StyJames,declaredastateofemergency.Mostgovernmentandofficebuildingswereshutdown.Somehospitalswereforcedtocloseurgent-careclinics.〞该市市长StyJames宣布进入紧急状态。大多数政府大楼和办公大楼被关闭。一些医院被迫关闭急诊门诊。可知，密苏里州的堪萨斯城受到暴风雪的严重影响。应选C。2.(3)考查词义猜想。根据第四段中的“Whensnowisespeciallywet,itweighsdowntreesandbringsdownpowerlines.Roofscancaveinunderthepressureandroadscanbecomeveryicy.〞当雪特别潮湿时，它会压倒树木，拉倒电线。屋顶在压力下会塌陷，道路会结冰。可知，此处是指大雪让情况格外危险。所以treacherous意为“危险的〞。应选B。2.(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“JackFrosthaspaidanothervisittotheMidwest.〞杰克·弗罗斯特又去了中西部；以及“Forthesecondtimethisweek,amajorwinterstormhasleftpeoplefromOklahomatotheGreatLakesstrugglingtostaysafeandwarm.〞这是本周第二次，一场冬季暴风雪让从俄克拉荷马州到五大湖的人们努力保持平安和温暖。可知，文章主要是讲另一场冬季风暴席卷了中西部地区。应选B。3.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究说明，对某些员工来说，集体归属感比金钱更能鼓励他们。这项研究主要关注鼓励因素在工作中的作用。【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3.(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Thememberswereallowedtogivesuggestionsonhowmuchtheirteammatesshouldbepaidfortheirwork.Themanagerscollectedtheirideasandthenmadedecisions.〞成员们可以就队友的工作报酬提出建议。经理们收集他们的想法，然后做决定。可知，自我管理团队的成员可以就其队友的收入向经理提出建议。应选D。3.(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Inhighfunctioningteamsthegroupmembersworkactivelywitheachother,andtheyencourageandsupporteachother〞在高效能团队中，团队成员积极地相互协作，互相鼓励和支持；以及“Membersdon'twanttodisappointtheirteammates，soteamspiritismoreeffectiveeventhanmoneyasamotivatingtool.〞成员不想让他们的队友失望，所以团队精神甚至比金钱作为鼓励工具更有效。可知，有些团队的效能很高是因为他们的成员重视团队精神。应选C。3.(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“However,thisworksonlywhenteammembersgetalong.〞然而，这只有在团队成员相处融洽时才有效。可知，团队精神发挥作用的关键因素是团队成员之间有良好的关系。应选D。3.(4)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Asenseofbelongingtoagroupofco-workersisabettermotivatorforsomeemployeesthanmoney〞对某些员工来说，集体归属感比金钱更能鼓励他们；第三段中的“Membersdon'twanttodisappointtheirteammates，soteamspiritismoreeffectiveeventhanmoneyasamotivatingtool.〞成员不想让他们的队友失望，所以团队精神甚至比金钱作为鼓励工具更有效；第四段中的“However,thisworksonlywhenteammembersgetalong.〞然而，这只有在团队成员相处融洽时才有效；以及“Somoneybecomesthemainmotivatingfactortoimproveproductivity.〞因此，金钱成为提高生产力的主要鼓励因素。可知，这个研究主要关注鼓励因素在工作中的作用。应选B。4.【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，上周，面部识别技术被用于让乘客登上哈茨菲尔德-杰克逊亚特兰大国际机场的航班，成为美国首个使用该系统的机场。【点评】此题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4.(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Thegoalofthesystemistosimplifyandspeeduptheprocessofpresentingdocumentstogetonaflight.〞该系统的目标是简化和加快递交登机文件的过程。可知，亚特兰大国际机场使用面部识别技术是为了让登机更方便。应选D。4.(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Thesystem,however,hasraisedconcernsaboutprivacy.JeramieScott,alawyerwiththeElectronicPrivacyInformationCenter，hascalledtheuseoffacialrecognitionatU.S.airportsa‘massivethreat’.〞然而，该系统引起了人们对隐私的担忧。电子隐私信息中心律师杰拉米•斯科特称，在美国机场使用面部识别是一个“巨大的威胁〞。可知，JeramieScott对面部识别技术持疑心态度。应选C。4.(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Nextyear,theairlineplanstoexpanditsbiometricsystemforinternationaltravelersatDetroitMetropolitanAirportinMichigan.〞明年，该航空公司方案在密歇根州底特律大都会机场为国际旅客扩展其生物识别系统。可知，这个面部识别系统可能会被推广。应选A。4.(4)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Facialrecognit