托福听力词汇完整版(更新版)

新托福IBT听力场景入学：enrollment/register登记,注册openingceremonyn.开业典礼,仪式commencementceremony毕业典礼convocationn.正式会议〔可指简单的毕业典礼〕orientationmeeting开学说明会staffn.全体职员freshman〔大学〕一年级学生sophomore〔大学〕二年级学生junior〔大学〕三年级学生senior〔大学〕四年级学生tuitionfee费用placementtest开学测试excellent出色的average平均的，一般的belowaverage低于平均水平的，差的结构及称谓:university-president大学，校长chancellor名誉校长college学院science/artsschool理科/文科学院undergraduate本科postgraduate/graduate研究生建筑物buildings:canteen.餐厅/cafeteria.自助餐厅dininghall食堂administrationbuilding行政大楼wing/annex配楼teachingbuilding教学楼dormitoryn.宿舍auditoriumn.会堂，礼堂=lecturehallassemblyn.集合，集会computerlab计算实验室，机房选课学科major主修minor副修science理科,arts文科,engineering工科Mathematics数学physics物理chemistry化学biology生物学〔micro-微marin-海洋〕geography地理学electronics电子学computerscience电脑科学astronomy天文学electronicsengineering电子工程学botany植物学psychology心理学zoology动物学architecture建筑学oceanography海洋学ecology生态学medicalscience医学archaeology考古学history历史学linguistic语言学pedagogy教育学，教学法anthropology人类学economics经济学statistics统计学accounting会计学philosophy哲学课程类型required、compulsorycourse必修课selective/optionalcourse选修课electivecourse选修课lecture讲座seminar高级研讨性课colloquiumn.报告课tutorial个人辅导课程workshop专题课程级别Introductory入门级elementary,fundamental初级Intermediate,secondary中级Advanced高级Prerequisite先修课程上课：Syllabus教学大纲Requiredtextbook要求的课本Attendance出勤Gradingsystem打分体系Classparticipation课堂参与Otherssemester/term学期quarter小学期courseguideline课程纲要exemption免修Professor'ssigna教授e的签字〔用于注册课程〕Coursecap课程容量〔可以招收的学生数〕openings〔可供注册的名额〕Take选〔课〕，drop退〔课〕Lateregistration晚注册Deregistration注销教师称号professor教授lecturer=instructor讲师teachingassistant=TA助教researchassistant=RA助研counselor，adviser咨询者，参谋president大学校长faculty全体教职员dean院长coordinator班主任，协调人tutor个人辅导supervisor管理人作业：assignment作业〔lab/book/oral/mixmedia〕report实验报告project项目survey调查presentation发言termpaper学期论文〔researchpaper〕thesis/essay/dissertation论文journal学术期刊socialinvestigation社会调查questionnairen.调查表，问卷observationn.观察interviewvt.n.米访collectdata收集数据broad(论文等)内容宽泛narrowdown（论文等）缩小范围source〔写论文的〕参考资料criticalthinking评判性思维lackyourownideas缺少自己的想法deadlinen.最终期限extension延期duedate/time期限outlinen.大纲，提纲(roadmap)bibliographyn书目，参考书目reference参考plagiarismn.抄袭revisev.修改rewritev.重写finaldraft完成稿speechn.演讲presentation演讲，陈述eyecontact目光接触intonation音调考试：mid-termexam期中考finalexams=finals期末考cumulativefinal总结性考试take-homeexam〔拿回家的开卷考试,一般有限定的时间〕open-bookexam开卷考试subjectivetest主观性测试objectivetest客观性测试popquiz抽查式测验bluebook答题本assessmentn估价appraisaln.评价，估价makeupfor补考，resit，retake重考grade〔mark、score〕分数成绩：perfectgrade优异成绩lowgrade低分highmark高分passinggrade及格分failinggrade不及格分fullmarks总分值straightA's全AbeallA'sandB's全是A和BBplusB加AminusA减passtheexamwithflyingcolors以优异成绩通过考试graduatewithhonors以荣誉毕业diploma,degree,certificate文凭，学位，证书考试问题：分析成绩低的原因，给出解决方法图书馆：library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication出版物periodical期刊magazine杂志bookcatalog图书目录classifiedcatalog分类目录titleindex书目索引alphabeticindex按字母顺序排列的索引circulationdesk借书处reservedbooks馆藏书〔只能在图书馆内借阅〕librarycard借书证overduefine过期罚金periodicalreadingroom期刊阅览室onlinejournal在线期刊videotape录像带backissue过期杂志currentissue近期杂志archive档案non-fiction非小说类文学作品science-fiction科幻小说copier复印机checkout办理〔借、还〕手续renew续借overdue过期interlibraryservice馆际服务部分名称informationdeskn.服务台delivery/circulationdesk借书台shelfn.书架 〔vt.〕stacks书架photocopyroom复印室returnarea还书处studentslocker学生存储间referencesection参考书部科研过程Hypothesis假说Alternativehypothesis择一假说Nullhypothesis无效假说,零假说CollectdataSurvey调查Questionnaire调查问卷Experiment实验Interfere,influence打搅Observation观察Analyzedata分析数据Interpretdata翻译数据Analysis分析Analytical分析的Subject主题，科目，受制于…的SampleTreatmentgroup实验组Controlgroup实验对照组校内工作，课外活动及寻找经济援助：Letterofreference/recommendation推荐信Competitive竞争的BenefitfuturecareerFieldresearch实地调查研究CollectdataforpapersWaiter，waitress，Babysitter临时保姆WorkatthelibraryQualification资格，qualified合格的Resume，CV简历financialaid经济援助Scholarship/Fellowship奖学金Teachingassistantship助教奖学金Researchassistantship研究奖学金Grant助学金Loan贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based以优秀为基础Studentunion学生会Clubs俱乐部Careerservice住宿：宿舍：accommodationn.住处，膳宿residencehall宿舍suite套间studio工作室，独立套间village村落〔校内一栋一栋的房子，可以用做宿舍〕loungen.公共大厅〔可以用做娱乐〕home-stay在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者，室友corridorn.走廊，过道，租房leasen.租借，租约landlord房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant房客pation.阳台，slidingdoorn.推拉门singleroom单人房twinroom双人房two-bedroomapartmenthousekey房锁匙床上用品:pillown.枕头bedlinenn.床上用品sheetn.被单mattressn.床垫blanketn.毯子toweln.手巾，毛巾quiltn.棉被电器类electricappliance(instrument;equipment)电器heater，furnace加热器，炉子heatingunit暖气片airconditioner空调设备stove炉子microwaveoven微波炉washer/dryer洗衣机/烘干机〔laundry洗衣店〕utensil器皿；用具kitchenutensil炊具oven烤箱；烤炉dishwasher洗碟机washingmachine洗衣机(hot-water)heater热水器coffeepot咖啡壶fridge(refrigerator/freezer)冰箱vacuumcleaner吸尘器tapeplayer录音机CDplayerCD机Laundromat自动洗衣店maintenance维修，保养家具类furniture家具bookshelf书架bookcase书柜couch沙发chest柜子；橱；箱子dresser(bureau)梳妆台cabinet(电视机等)机箱；储藏柜；陈列柜cupboard(closet)碗橱storagewall壁橱rug小地毯carpet地毯curtain窗帘bathtub浴缸fixture〔房屋〕固定装置furnishings室内陈设日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belongings个人财产getinsuranceforpersonalpossessions/property/belongsgarbage/rubbish/wasten.垃圾disposev.处理gasmeter煤气表insectn.昆虫burglarn.夜贼leaking/leakagen.泄漏lostkey丢钥匙breakin闯入讲座场景词汇Geology地质学Sliden.滑坡Landsliden.山体滑坡Mud泥土,soil土壤Earthn.土Sinkv.下沉Groundwater地下水Irrigationn.灌溉Freeze,froze,frozenv.冷冻Meltv.融化moltenGravityn.重心Aggravatev.加重Leanv倾斜Slopen.斜坡Steepadj.陡峭Erodev.,erosionn.腐蚀Fossiln.化石Dinosaurn.恐龙Sediment,deposit沉淀物Marble大理石granite花岗岩Ore矿石Stalactite钟乳石Refinev.提炼Platinumv.铂金Seismology地震学Vibration,tremor,震动Wave波动Volcano,volcanic火山，火山的Volcaniceruption火山喷发Magnitude级数Collisionn.碰撞Activeadj.积极的Dormantadj.休眠的Extinctadj.熄灭的Magman.岩浆Lavan.岩浆Eruptv.喷发explodev.爆炸(explosion)boomn.爆炸Blastn.爆炸Avalanchen.雪崩地球科学Earth'interior地球的内部Seismicwaves地震波Compression压缩Shear〔adeformationofanobjectinwhichparallelplanesremainparallelbutareshiftedinadirectionparalleltothemselves〕Slowdown减慢速度Reflect反射Depth深度Density密度Boundary边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continentalplate大陆板块Tectonicplate(地球外表的)构造板块Continentaldrift大陆漂移Layer,strata层Stratify分层Crack裂缝Moltenlava融化的岩浆Climaticshift=Climaticchanges气候变化Consistentpattern统一的，始终一致的Solarenergy太阳能Radiate发射，放射Crudeapproximation大概的猜测Speculation猜测Coolingdown冷却Mechanism机制LengthofthedayPhysicalforce体力Imaginaryline虚拟线Artificialreservoir人工水库LatitudeRedistribute再分配，再分布Spin快速旋转Minerals矿物质Diverse多样的Specimen，Sample样品Abundant丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazonstones天河石Firingvapor炙热的水蒸汽Wipeout根除，彻底消灭MtEverest珠穆朗玛峰Elevation海拔，海拔增高Precisemeasurement精确的测量GlobalPositioningSystem全球定位系统Longitude经度Latitude维度Alternativesourcesofenergy可替代资源Gashydrate气体水合物Trap困住Flame火焰Potential潜在的Model模式Geologicalfault地质断层Crack裂缝seismicgap地震活动空白地带postulate假设chunk大块cylinder圆柱cylindrical圆柱形的groundtiltmeasurement地倾斜观测evacuate撤出sedimentaryadj.沉淀性的accumulate积累商业Insurance保险Note注意Contract合约Verbalagreement口头协议Repay归还Interest利息Merchant商人Cautious谨慎的Paramount极为重要的Manufacture制造Label标签Contention所持观点Inform告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的，gross粗略的Supplyanddemand供求Supplychain供给链Fluctuation浮动Recession衰退Depression萧条Marketingstrategies市场营销策略Survey调查Surplus剩余Shipment运输Distribution分布Retail零售Wholesale批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates,PlatoandAristotleTheme主题Logic逻辑Rhetoric修辞Fundamentalcauses基本原因Principlesoftheuniverse宇宙的原则Perceive看待，观察Perception观点Sense感觉Soul灵魂spiritElement组成成分Reasoning推理Ration理性,rational有理性的Contemplation沉思，思考Judgment判断Just公正的，justice公正Justify证明,justification合理的理由Explicit明确的Ethics道德标准Ethicaltheory伦理理论Moral有道德的Ultimatetruth终极真理Universal普遍的Searchfortruth追求真理Varyv不相同Intrinsic内部的Extrinsic外部的Critic评论家Old-fashioned过时的Valuable有价值的Survive生存，存活Conservative保守的Liberal开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cognitive认知的Weaken削弱Diminish〔影响力〕减小Medieval中世纪Renaissance文艺复兴Doctrine教义,主义,学说Idealism唯心论，理想主义Epistemologyn.认识论Metaphysics形而上学,玄学Reconcile和解，调停天文学astronomyconstellation星座zodiac〔星象学的星座〕planet行星sun恒星Jupiter木星Pluto冥王星Saturn土星Mercury水星Mars火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres谷物星〔thelargestasteroidandthefirstdiscovered〕Whitedwarf白矮星BigDipper北斗七星Asteroidbelt小行星带MilkyWay银河系Galaxyn.星系orbitv.运行n.轨道rotatev.转Axisn.轴trackn.轨道outerspace外太空gravityn.重力equatorn.赤道tropical热带的brightnessn.亮度dimensionn.维度distancen.距离Eclipse（日月食）Wane，diminishv.逐渐变小Centripetal向心Centrifugal离心Nebula星云（animmensecloudofgas（mainlyhydrogen）anddustininterstellarspace〕Nebulousadj.星云的Gas气体（rock，ice，hydrogen，oxygen）Particle微粒Polarlight极光Astronomical天文的Astrophysics天文物理学BigDipper北斗七星Blackhole黑洞Celestial天体的Celesti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叶绿素aminoacids氨基酸protein蛋白质nitrogen氮photosynthetic(adj.)photosynthesis(n.)光合作用lichen地衣，苔藓squash南瓜oneofagroupoflargevegetableswithsolidfleshandhardskins，suchasPUMPKINsbean豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral花的petal花瓣bloom开花blossom花pollen花粉moss苔藓herbicide除草剂herb草本植物herbivorous食草的classification分类hierarchy级别hazardous有毒害的Meteorology气象meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家forecast(predict)预报climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层Convection对流Stratosphere同温层Barometer气压计current〔气〕流vapor蒸汽evaporate蒸发damp(wet;moist;humid)潮湿的humidity湿度moisture潮湿；水分saturate饱和absorb吸收dew露frost霜fog(mist)雾smog烟雾droplet小水珠condense浓缩crystal水晶体downpour(torrentialrain)大雨tempest(storm)暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨hail冰雹blizzard(snowstorm)暴风雪avalanche(snowslide)雪崩precipitation〔雨、露、雪等〕降水Thunder雷Lightening闪电breeze微风Blast大风gale大风whirlwind旋风Cyclone旋风，飓风typhoon台风hurricane飓风Monsoon季风Sandstorm沙尘暴Duststorm沙尘暴tornado(twister,cyclone)龙卷风Tropicaldepression热带低气压Winddirection风向Windvelocity风速Windscale风力funnel漏斗，漏斗云cumulonimbus积雨云disaster(calamity,catastrophe)灾难devastation破坏submerge淹没overwhelmv.淹没drought干旱Avalanche雪崩Balmy温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的，严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepidadj.微温的环保environmentalprotection环境保护environmentally-friendly环保的preservev.保护，保存污染：pollute,pollution,pollutantcontaminantn.污染物contaminatev.污染ecosystem生态系统ecologyn.生态学antisepticadj.防腐的atmosphericpollution大气污染垃圾:rubbish,garbage,trash,waste,litter处理:disposeof,burn,bury(landfill),recycle,reduce,reuse,dump回收:glass,paper,water,milkcarton牛奶盒,tyre,aluminiumcans铝罐,plasticbags,rubbishbagsbiodegradablepackaging可降解包装,throwaway可丢弃的disposable可丢弃的discouragev.不鼓励燃料none-renewable不可再生的fossilfuels矿石燃料:naturalgas,coal,petroleumlimited/finitenaturalresources有限的自然资源alternativeenergy替代能源,replace=substitutev.取代windpower,hydropower水电,solar(lunar)power太阳能,nuclearpower核能radioactivityn.辐射性useup,deplete,exhaustv.用光，耗尽conservev.节省，节约,污染:waterpollution,airpollution,soilpollution土壤污染,noisepollutionsoilerosion土壤侵蚀soilpollution土壤污染stainn.污染，污点，玷污stinkv.发出臭味tarn.焦油toxicchemical有毒的化学物品fumen.烟，气味lightpollution日光污染refuse废物sewage污水pesticiden.杀虫剂chemicalwaste化学废料congestv.使充满危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎