2023年中考英语专题 话题四 职业、劳动与实践创新 课件

第三部分名师话题复习话题四职业、劳动与实践创新01基础梳理02语境运用03强化训练课标要求：职业启蒙，职业精神；劳动实践，劳动品质与工匠精神；勤于动手，乐于实践，敢于创新基础梳理工作和职业n.1.boss领班；老板2.director主任；导演；董事3.pilot飞行员4.doctor医生；大夫；博士5.nurse护士；保育员6.driver司机；驾驶员7.engineer工程师；技师8.farmer农民；农场主

9.fisherman渔民

10.teacher老师11.leader领袖；领导人12.manager经理

13.musician音乐家14.cook厨师15.policeman警察；警务人员16.postman邮递员

17.scientist科学家18.secretary秘书；书记19.soldier士兵；战士20.speaker演讲者21.worker工人；工作者22.actor男演员23.actress女演员24.guard警卫；看守

25.officer官员；军官26.job工作27.work工作28.business生意；商业

29.factory工厂30.company公司31.weekday工作日

32.wealth财富

33.experience经验adj.1.part-time兼职的2.full-time全职的劳动n.1.housework家务劳动2.activity活动3.rest休息4.labor劳动v.1.cook烹饪2.wash洗3.sweep打扫4.water浇水5.tidy整理6.clean使……干净7.dust擦灰8.work工作

实践创新n.1.discovery发现2.condition条件3.project项目4.chance机会

5.technology技术6.invention发明7.machine机器

8.robot机器人

9.tool工具10.computer电脑11.advantage优点12.operation操作

13.model模型14.product产品15.action行动16.practice实践

v.1.invent发明；创造2.create创造；造成

3.produce生产；制造4.discover发现

5.develop发展；研发

实践创新词块1.workwithkids和孩子一起工作2.beinterestedinEnglish对英语感兴趣3.befondofcooking喜爱做饭4.begoodatdrawing擅长画画5.cleanthetable收拾桌子

6.makeone‘sbed铺床7.fixthebike修自行车

8.dothedishes清洗餐具9.washclothes洗衣服10.foldclothes叠衣服11.sweepthefloor扫地12.hangtheclothesout晾衣服13.waterflowers浇花14.cleanwindows擦窗户15.make/cookdinner做饭

16.tidy(up)theroom整理房间17.takeouttherubbish倒垃圾语境运用一、根据句意填入适当的单词，每空一词。1.A__________isapersonwhosejobistoflyaplane.2.Mrs.Greenhasbeena__________fortenyearsintheschool.Sheteachesmath.3.IfyoubuyaniRobotfloorcleaner,youneedn't__________thefloorbyyourselfeveryday.pilotteachersweep4.Asweallknow,theWrightbrothers__________thefirstplaneintheworldin1903.5.Theflowersneedtobe__________.Look!Thesoilissodry.inventedwatered二、用下面短语的适当形式填空，每个短语限用一次。

takeout;begoodat;beinterestedin;cookdinner

WeneedfourpeopletohelpatXinxinNursingHome.Youshould1.______________talkingwitholdpeople.Yourjobisto2._______________andwashclothesforthem.Sometimes,youshouldsweepthefloorand3._______________therubbish.Ifyou4.____________________thisjob,comeandjoinus.begoodatcookdinnertakeoutareinterestedin强化训练一、语法选择(2022荆州改编)Onenightmanyyearsago,anangryvoicewokemeupfromsleep.It__1__bymydrunken(醉酒的)father.Thosedays,healwaysreturnedhomeverylate.Sometimes,healsowentontofight__2__mymom.（）1.A.wasmade B.made C.makes（）2.A.with B.at C.ofA1．It指代voice，它是被发出的，应该用被动语态，且根据上下文时态可知用一般过去时的被动语态。AMyearliestmemoryoftheseeventsbeganwhenIwasaroundfouryearsold.Iwasfilledwith__3__atthattime.Therewerelotsofnoises—crying,shouting,anddoorsslamming(砰地关上).（）3.A.fearfully B.fearful C.fearC3．介词with后面需要加宾语，故用名词。Then,therewas__4__suddenknockatthedoor.Myfatheropenedthedoor.Thereweretwotallmeninblue.Theywantedtocomeinside__5__sureeveryonewasokay.Inamoment,myfatherwastakenaway.Everythingbecamepeaceful.（）4.A.an B.the C.a（）5.A.making B.tomake C.makeCB5．此处用动词不定式表目的。Myfathercamebackthenextday.Hebecameveryfriendlyandevenbroughtmymom__6__.Iknewthatthesemeninbluehadtakenawaymyfear.Fromthatdayon,__7__Iwantedtobewasapoliceman.Andmydream__8__true.（）6.A.flower B.flower's C.flowers（）7.A.how B.what C.where（）8.A.willcome B.hascome C.wascomingC6．bringsb.sth.给某人带某物，且空格前没有限定词，故用可数名词的复数形式。BB7．be后缺少宾语，故用what引导。Irealizedthatpoliceofficersnotonlysavedthelittleboyinme,butalsomade__9__ahelpfulperson.Once,mycolleague(同事)andIjumpedintoariverandgotadriveroutofasinking(下沉的)car.Anotherday,wekickedopenthedoorintoahouse__10__thefirespreadthroughthewholebuilding.Policeofficerswillalwaysbemyheroes,andIwillalwayslovemyjob.（）9.A.me B.I C.my（）10.A.until B.after C.beforeAC10．根据常识可知，应该是在火蔓延到整个楼之前进屋，故用before。【短文大意】本文主要讲述了作者因为小时候的经历而长大成为一名警察的故事。二、完形填空(2022重庆改编)Itwasasunnyafternoon.SamandhissisterLilywerehelpingMom__1__theroom.（）1.A.fillupB.cleanoutC.buildupD.findoutB“Sam,wouldyoupleaseputthesepaper－toweltubes(纸巾内管)inthebin？”saidMom.Samlookedatthetubesandsomethingcametohim.Heasked,“CouldIusethemtomakea__2__？”“Greatidea！”saidMom.“Dowehaveanyothergoodrecyclingmaterials？”askedSam.“Let'sgoandseewhatelsewecanfindinour__3__，”saidMom.（）2.A.boxB.bookC.robotD.plane（）3.A.houseB.schoolC.cityD.factoryCAThen,theywalkedaroundandkept__4__.“Thisboxwouldbegood，”Sampointedout.“Butit'sfullofbooks.”“I'mgoingtoputthosebooksontheshelves.Canyougivemea__5__？（）4.A.runningB.listeningC.cuttingD.searching（）5.A.penB.hatC.legD.handDD4．考查动词。根据前一句可知，妈妈建议在房子里再找找其他的可回收材料，因此这里讲的是他们不断地寻找，故选D。5．考查名词。givesb.ahand意为“帮某人一个忙”。故选D。Thenyoucanhavethebox，”saidMom.“Sure,noproblem！”saidSam__6__.ThenSamhappilycollectedallhismaterials.Hesatonthefloor,cuttingandgluing(粘贴)allafternoon.（）6.A.sadlyB.carefullyC.angrilyD.excitedlyD6．考查副词。根据前面山姆的回答和后文山姆开心地收集他所有的材料可知，山姆是非常激动地回答，故选D。“Ilikeyourrobot，”saidLily.“Thanks.Buthisheadisbroken,andIcan't__7__it，”saidSam.“Hmm，”saidLily.Shecameupwithanidea.She__8__andranrightbackwithanoldhat.“Rememberthishat？”askedLily.“IworeitwhenIwasababy.Nowit'stoo__9__forme.”“Thanks,it'sperfect！”saidSam.“Whatdoyouthink,Mr.Robot？”（）7.A.see B.find C.fix D.hit（）8.A.gaveaway B.ranawayC.showedup D.stayedupCB7．考查动词。句意：但是机器人的头坏了，并且我无法修好它。故选C。“Ilikeyourrobot，”saidLily.“Thanks.Buthisheadisbroken,andIcan't__7__it，”saidSam.“Hmm，”saidLily.Shecameupwithanidea.She__8__andranrightbackwithanoldhat.“Rememberthishat？”askedLily.“IworeitwhenIwasababy.Nowit'stoo__9__forme.”“Thanks,it'sperfect！”saidSam.“Whatdoyouthink,Mr.Robot？”（）9.A.big B.small C.perfect D.newB9．考查形容词。由前句可知，莉莉戴那顶帽子的时候还是个小婴儿，因此现在这顶帽子对于莉莉来说太小了。故选B。“Iloveit，”saidMr.Robot,inafunnyvoice.“Youare__10__goodatmakingthingsoutofrecyclablematerials.”（）10.A.reallyB.hardlyC.recentlyD.slowlyA【短文大意】本文讲述了山姆用家里的可回收材料做了一个机器人。三、阅读理解AChooseyourlabor(劳动)

courses!Ourschoolisgoingtoadddifferentkindsoflaborcourses.Thesecourseswhichwillbeginnextweekcanhelpyougetsomepracticallivingskills.Course1Thiscourseistohelpstudentsdevelopahealthyeatinghabit.Thebiggestfunofthiscourseisthatyoucanexperiencecooking.Youneedn'tbringanymaterialstotheclassroom.Cookingforyourfamilyoryourfriendsonedayissocool!Course2Areyouinterestedinpaper-cut,Chineseclayorkite-making?Ifyouareinterestedinthem,hereisthechance.Theysoundsimplebuttheyaredifficulttodo.MissHongwillshowyouhowtomakethem.Weshouldrespectandenjoythebeautyoftraditionalart.Course3Youmusthaveexperiencedasituationwhereyouwanttodohouseworkbutyoufindittiringandhard.Thiscoursewilltotallychangethesituation.Youwilllearnsomevaluableskillsthatcanhelpyoudothecleaning.Course4Thiscourseisspecialbecausetheteacherswillshowyouknowledgeoutsideoftheclassrooms.Thereisabiggardenwhichneedsplanting.Studentswillplantflowers,vegetablesandsometreeswiththeteachers'help.Butifitisrainyorwindy,thecoursewillbecanceled.Attention:Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasevisitourschool'swebsitetoknowmoreaboutthelaborcourses.Pleaseclickhttps：//（）1.WhichtoolismostlikelytobeusedinCourse1?B1．根据“Thebiggestfunofthiscourseisthatyoucanexperiencecooking.”可知，这是一门烹饪课，所以要带的东西与烹饪有关，故选B。（）2.WhatskillcanyoulearnfromMissHong?A.Cooking. B.Kite-making.C.Cleaning. D.Tree-planting.B（）3.Whichcoursemaybeinfluencedbytheweather?A.Course1. B.Course2.C.Course3. D.Course4.D（）4.What'sthepropertitleforCourse1,Course2,Course3,andCourse4separately?a.BeanExcellentCookb.BeaSkillfulGardenerc.EnjoytheBeautyoftheFolkArtd.BecomeaMasterinCleaningA.a－b－c－d B.b－d－a－cC.a－c－d－b D.b－c－d－aC4．根据“Thebiggestfunofthiscourseisthatyoucanexperiencecooking.”可知，第一门课程是与烹饪有关，所以a符合第一门课程的标题，排除B和D选项。根据“Areyouinterestedinpaper-cut，Chineseclayorkite-making？”可知，第二门课程是与民间艺术有关，所以c符合第二门课程的标题，排除A选项，故选C。（）5.Whomaythepassagebewrittenfor?A.Students.B.Parents.C.Farmers.D.Teachers.A5．根据“Ourschoolisgoingtoadddifferentkindsoflaborcourses.”可知，本文是在介绍学校新增的四门课程，所以是给学生看的，故选A。【短文大意】本文主要介绍了学校的四门劳动课程。四、阅读理解B(2022重庆改编)Weallhavethosemomentswhenbrightideashitus,butnoteveryonecandevelopsuchmomentsintothefruitsofcreativethinking.WhilewebelievecreativethinkingisthefallingappleofIsaacNewton,oneofthegreatestscientists,weseldomnoticethatcreativethinkingisinfactaprocess.Let'slookatwhathappenedin1666.Sittinginthegarden,Newtonwatchedanapplefalloffatree.Hebegantowonderifthesameforcethatpulledtheappledownalsokeptthemooncirclingtheearth.Newtonbelieveditdid.Hecalledit“gravity(引力)”.Thisstoryhasbecomeoneofthemostpopularexamplesof“eureka”moments.Butwhenwecheerforthegreatdiscovery,thewholeprocessofcreativethinkingshouldn'tbeforgotten.Newtonstudiedmathforlongtohaveabetterunderstandingoftheworld.Healwaysenjoyedfindingnewwaystosolveproblems.Thefallingapplewasonlythefruitofyearsofhardworkbefore.Italsostartedthetrainofthoughtthatcontinuedforthenexttwentyyears.Newtonbegantoexamine“gravity”carefully.Heexperimented(进行实验).Thenhestudiedtheresultsandusedwhathehadlearnedtodonewexperiments.In1687,thegreatestscientificworkeverwrittencameout.Thewholeprocessofcreativethinkingworksthesameinourlife.Inschool,weprepareourselvesfortherightmoment.Oncethemomentcomes,wecatchitandthenkeeponworkingintheyearstocome.Ittakesmuchtogetthefruitsofcreativethinking,butthesweetestfruitswillbereadyforthosewhowaitforthelongest.（）1.Wheremaywereadthepassage?A.Inanotice. B.Inapicture.C.Inamagazine. D.Inadictionary.C（）2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eureka”inParagraph3probablymean?A.I'vegotit. B.Igiveup.C.I'venoidea. D.Ibelieveit.A2．词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Thisstoryhasbecomeoneofthemostpopularexamples…”及第三段第二句“Butwhenwecheerforthegreatdiscovery,thewholeprocessofcreativethinkingshouldn'tbeforgotten.”可知，此处表示牛顿发现“重力”的事情是一个重大发现，因此可以推测eureka意为“(欢呼)找到了；有了”，即“I'vegotit.”。故选A。（）3.Howdoesthewritermainlydevelophisidea?A.Byraisingquestions.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bylistingnumbers.D.Byexplainingdifferences.B（）4.WhichorderdidthecreativethinkingprocessforNewtonfollow?a.Hecaughttherightmoment.b.Hedidexperimentsoverandover.c.Hesawanapplefalloffatree.d.Hestudiedmathematicsforlong.A.a－c－d－b B.b－a－c－dC.a－b－c－d D.d－c－a－bD4．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Newtonstudiedmathforlongtohaveabetterunderstandingoftheworld…Thefallingapplewasonlythefruitofyearsofhardworkbefore.Italsostartedthetrainofthoughtthatcontinuedforthenexttwentyyears.”及“Heexperimented.”可知，牛顿学了很久的数学，之后他看到一个苹果从树上掉下来，他抓住了这个时刻并反复做实验，故选D。（）5.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Everyonecandevelopbrightideasintothefruitsofcreativethinking.B.Newtonstudiedmathtowatchanapplefalloffatree.C.Creativethinkingisaprocess.D.Togetthefruitsofcreativethinkingisveryeasy.C短文大意：本文以牛顿的故事为例告诉我们创造性思维实际上是一个过程。PorterlivesinRhodeIsland,America.Abouttwoyearsago,whenPorterwas10yearsold,hisfather'sclosefriendgot1.__________.Porterknewitmustbeahardtimeforthefamily.Sohebaked(烘焙)acarrotcakeandgave2.________tothefriend.Itwasthebesttreatthefamilyhadhad.cancerit1．根据下文“Porter'sgrandmotherwasalsosuffering3.________cancer”可知这里指他爸爸的朋友得了癌症，故填cancer。五、

短文填空Atthesametime,Porter'sgrandmotherwasalsosuffering3.__________cancer.Porterfeltheneededto4.__________adifference.Hetalkedwithhisdadonenight.Theycameupwitha5.__________.Theywouldsellcarrotcakes,andthemoneywouldgotocancerresearch.Porter'sfamilygavehim$1，000togetstarted.Porter6.__________morethan200cakes.Healsogotdonations.Hefinallyraisedmorethan$10，000.Thatwasabout$9，0007.__________thanheeverexpected!frommake3．sufferfrom因疾病受苦。4．makeadifference有影响。plansoldmoreLater,Porter'sdadfoundacompetitiononlinewhichwas8.__________byGrannySquibb'sOrganicIcedTea.Itaskedkidstodrawtheirownflavors(味道).Portercreatedaspecialflavor.Hecalledit“Porter'sPeach”.8．线上比赛是被举行的，且空格前有was，故此处填过去分词held。heldHisstorymadethecompanywanttojointhefightagainstcancer.GrannySquibb'srecentlyhadaflavorwiththe9.__________nameasPorter's.Someofthemoneyitraiseswillgotogroupsthatfightcancer.9．thesame…as和……一样的。samePorterhopestobeabakerwhenhegrowsup.10.__________that'snotall.“I'mjustreallyhopingpeoplecanfindacure(疗法)forcancer，”hesaid.“Peoplewithcancerdeserve(应得)better.”But短文大意：文章讲述了Porter为癌症病人做蛋糕的故事。六、读写综合A.回答问题Doyouhelpyourparentswithhouseworkaroundthehouse?Canyoucookforyourfamily?AccordingtoPeople'sDaily,astudyshowedthatprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsinChinaonlyspent12minutesadayonhousework,comparedto72minutesintheUS,42minutesinSouthKoreaand30minutesinFrance.Abouttwoyearsago,Chinagavespecialattentiontolaboreducationinprimary,secondaryschoolsandcolleges.Houseworklikecookingalwaysendsupatthebottomofmanyofourto-dolists.Somestudentseventhinkthattheyshouldbetakencareofbyparents.However,theseabilitiesareimportantandshouldbetaughtaspartoflaboreducation.Studentscangetlaboreducationindifferentways,suchasdoinghousework,cleaninginschools,andvolunteeringincommunities.“Laboreducationmustbepaidmoreattentiontobecauseitcandevelopstudents'rightviewoftheworld,lifeandvalues，”saidagovernmentleader.Throughsucheducation,studentsareexpectedtolearnbasicabilitiesaswellasformgoodworkinghabits.Middleschoolstudentsarerequiredtoworkmorethan3hourseveryweek.Thegovernmentalsoaskshighschoolstomakesurethatstudentshave40hoursofvolunteerserviceduringthefullthreeschoolyears.1.Inwhichcountrydidprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsspendthemosttimedoinghousework?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheUS./IntheUSprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsspendthemosttimedoinghousework.2.Whoshouldtakecareofthemaccordingtosomestudents?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________Theirparents(shouldtakecareofthemaccordingtosomestudents).3.Howmanywaysofgettinglaboreducationarementionedinthepassage?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________Three(waysofgettinglaboreducationarementionedinthepassage).4.Whymoreattentionshouldbepaidtolaboreducation?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________Becauseitcandevelopstudents'rightviewoftheworld,lifeandvalues.5.Howlongaremiddleschoolstudentsrequiredto