八年级英语下册《Unit-10-Its-a-nice-day-isnt-it》-教案

Unit10I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.Period1知识目标 1.学习重点词汇：among,search,especially等。2．学习讨论自己的家乡并写成文章。能力目标 能够和同学讨论自己的家乡并写出家乡的变化。情感目标 1.通过讨论自己家乡的变化，培养学生对自己家乡的热爱之情。2．培养学生善于观察，乐于分享和交流的思想感情。要点精讲1amongprep.在（其）中，……之一【辨析】between与among的区别between介词，意为“在……之间”，一般指在两者之间，常与and连用。among，介词，意为“在……之间”，一般用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间。Ourteacherisstandingamongthestudents.我们的老师站在学生中间。活学活用Theoldwomanlives______asmallvillage.Itis______twohills.A.in,amongB.at,amongC.at,betweenD.in,between【答案】D2regardv.将……认为，把……看做【点拨】regard…as…把……看做……，将……认为……例如：Heregardsmeashisson.他将我视为他的儿子。活学活用TheAmericanteacherregardsus______hisfriends.A.asB.toC.withD.\【答案】A3considerv.注视，仔细考虑【点拨】considerdoingsth仔细考虑做某事=thinkaboutdoingsth;consider…as…把……视为……=regard…as…例如：Pleaseconsidercomingandjoiningus.请考虑来加入我们。Iconsiderreadingbooksasarelaxingactivity.我将看书视为一项休闲活动。活学活用1.Nowadays，thestudyofEnglishisconsideredasaveryimportantindustryinChinaaswellasintherestoftheworld.A.isregardedasB.islookedasC.takesasD.treatsas【答案】A2.let’sconsider______,shallwe?A.goswimmingB.togoswimmingC.goingswimming【答案】C4Ourhometownhasleftmanysoftandsweetmemoriesinourhearts.我们的家乡在我们的心A．8.B．18.C．4.D．14.()2.Whatplacedidhisfatherwanthimtoworkin?A．Aschool.B．Anoffice.C．Ahouse.D．Ashop.()3.WhatdidhisfatherthinkofJoe?A．Hewasagoodstudent.B．Hewasn'tagoodstudent.C．Hewasn'tclever.D．Hecouldgetmoneyfromhisfamily.()4.WhydidthemangiveJoeapieceofpaper?A．BecausehewantedtogiveJoeajob.B．BecausehewantedJoetoanswersomequestions.C．BecausehewantedtoknowifJoewasclever.D．BecausehewantedtoknowhowoldJoewas.()5.FromJoe'sanswer,“Oh,everyyear.”，wecaninfer(推测)that________.A．hedidn'twanttoworkintheofficeB．hewashardworkingbutdishonestC．hewasoutgoingandcleverD．infact,hedidn'treallyanswertheman'squestions参考答案Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．least2．_being__3．_had__(have)a__wonderful__4．tosearch5．return6．__watching____to_meet_8．true9．developments10．memoriesⅡ.用适当的介词填空1．on2．In3．with4for；for5．forIII.根据句意及汉语提示完成句子1．lsincethemid-20thcentury2.symbolofourcity3nmytime4.especiallys5.inourhearts.6.ashame7.returntohishometown8.AccordingtoIV.1.met2.wrong3.freedom4encouraged5.CoolV..单项填空1.C2.D3.C4.Dgeton意为“上车”；getaway意为“离开”；getalong意为“相处，进展”；gettogether意为“聚在一起”。根据句意可知选D。5.A6.B7.D8.D9.Dhelp一般用于helpsb(to)dosth“帮助某人做某事”和helpsbwithsth“在某方面帮助某人”结构中。10.C11.A12.C13.A14.D15.DVI.1—5CBABDPeriod2现在完成时一、意义与构成1.意义：表示过去1)发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果2)某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态2.基本构成：have/has+done(过去分词)3.句型基本结构：主语+have/has+done(过去分词)a.肯定句：主语+have/has+done(过去分词)b.否定句：主语+have/has+not+done(过去分词)c.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+done(过去分词)d.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+done过去分词二、过去分词与动词的过去式一样，动词的过去分词有规则动词过去分词和不规则动词过去分词两种。1.规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”如：work—worked—worked;play—played—played;enjoy—enjoyed—enjoyed.2)以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”如：dance—danced—danced;live—lived—lived;place—placed—placed.3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为“i”，再加“ed”注意：元音字母+y结尾的动词的过去分词的变法参见一般动词。如：carry—carried—carried;hurry—hurried—hurried;cry—cried—cried4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母，再加“ed”如：plan—planned—planned;stop—stopped—stopped;drop—dropped—dropped2.不规则动词不规则动词的过去分词有5种形式：A-A-A如：cost—cost—cost;cut—cut—cut;hit—hit—hitA-B-B如：bring—brought—brought;build—built—built;catch—caught—caught;keep—kept—kept;sell—sold—sold;smell—smelt—smelt;learn—learnt—learnt;say—said—said;meet—met—met;make—made—made;leave—left—left此类变化涉及到的动词较多，需要同学们认真记忆。A-B-C如：begin—began—begun;blow—blew—blown;drive—drove—drive;break—broke—broken;forget—forgot—forgotten;eat—ate—eaten;take—took—taken;do—did—done此类变化涉及到的动词较多，需要同学们认真记忆。A-A-B如：beat—beat—beatenA-B-A如：come—came—come不规则动词的过去分词变化规则多，但是还是有一定的规律所循，希望同学们多花心思，细心记下，这是使用完成时态的基础。三、用法1.现在完成时用来表示过去已发生过或完成的动作或状态，但其结果却和现在有联系，也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。Ihavespentallofmymoney.我花光了身上所有的钱。(含义是：Idon’thaveanymoneynow.)Janehaslaidthetable.Jane已经把桌子摆好了。(含义是：Wecansitandhavedinner.)Michaelhasbeenill.Michael病了。(含义是：Hecan’tcometoschool.)Hehasreturnedfromabroad.他已经从国外回来了。(含义是：He’sathomenow.)2.现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的情况,常与for（+时间段），since（+时间点）连用。Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.Mary已经病了三天了。Ihavelivedheresince1998.我从1998年起一直住在这。Ihavebeenateacherfor10years.我当老师已经10年了。注意：点动词（buy,die,join,finish等）不能直接与for,since连用，需要改变动词。1)have代替buyIhaveboughtnewcar.他买了辆新车。(含义：他自己有车，不用搭别人车等。)Ihavehadthisbikeforalmost7years.我买这辆自行车七年了。2)用keep或have代替borrowHehaskeptthebookforalongtime.他借这书好长时间了。3)用bein替代cometo/join/moveto等HowlonghaveyoubeeninAmerica?你来美国多久了？4)用be+副词替代start/getup/returnto/gobacktoTheshowhasbeenonforhalfanhour.Hurryup!演出已经开始了半个小时了。快点！I’vebeenupforanhour,butIstillfeelsleepy.我起床已经一个小时了，但是我还是觉得很困。Hehasbeenbacktohishometownforayear,buthe’sstillmissingthelifeinthecity.他回到故乡都一年了，但是他还是很怀念城市生活。总之，后加时间的完成时表达中，都表达一个动作所延续的时间，而点动词只表达那一动作，动作之后所处的状态，应该用相应的状态词来表达，如come是“来”的意思，而来之后的日子都是“在…”因为不能用come表达，应该用bein…来表达，意为“一直处于…”。3.现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,lastSunday,in1990,threeyearsago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。如：Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.(×)Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.(√)1)副词already和yetalready一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。如：I’vealreadysleptfor12hoursbutI’mstillfeelingtired.我都睡了12个小时了可是我还是很累。Ihaven’tfinishedworkingyet.我还没有完成工作。Haveyoufoundyourlostcatyet?你找到你丢了的小猫了吗？2)ever和never多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未”。如：---HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?你曾经去过长城吗？---No,Ihaven’t.IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.没有。我从未去过长城。3)用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如：just,before,uptonow,thepastfewyears等。如：Ihavejustfinishedmypaper.我才写完我的论文。I’vedreamaboutthatbefore.我以前梦到过那个情景。Uptonow,hehasgot3goldmedalsintheOlympicGames.到现在为止，他已经在奥运会中取得了三块金牌。Hehasbeentherethreetimesthelastfewdays.近几年他去过那里三次了。4)用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如：now,today,thismorning(month,year,term)等。如：---Haveyoumethimtoday?---No,Ihaven't.---今天你见过他吗？---没有。Howmanytimeshaveyoubeentherethisyear?今年你去过那里多少次？四、练习（一）单项选择1.Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey__________whathappenedtohim.A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknow2.HaveyoumetMr.Li__________?A.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentago3.Thefamouswriter__________twonewbooksinthepasttwoyear.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten4.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I__________ittwice.A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see5.---ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.---Really?When__________there?A.willtheygB.didtheygoC.dotheygoD.havetheygone6.---__________you__________yourhomeworkyet?---Yes.I__________itamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;finish7.Hisfather__________thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin8.---Doyouknowhimwell?---Sure.We__________friendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade9.---Howlonghaveyou__________here?---Abouttwomonths.A.beenB.goneC.comeD.arrived10.Thehouseisdirty.We__________itforweeks.A.didn’tcleanB.hadn’tcleanedC.don’tcleanD.haven’tcleaned11.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher.I__________herseveraltimes.A.hadmetB.havemetC.metD.meet12.He__________Englishforsixyearsbythetimehetakeshisexamination.A.hasstudiedB.studiedC.willstudyD.hadstudied（二）翻译句子1.我父亲以前到过长城。_________________________________________________________2.她去过上海。_________________________________________________________3.这本字典我已经买了三年了。_________________________________________________________4.他们已经互相认识。_________________________________________________________5.我哥哥还没有回来。_________________________________________________________答案：（一）单项选择1.现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，题目中提出父母很悲伤，这是对现在的影响，由此可知应用完成时，答案B。从意思来讲，父母看上去很悲伤，也许他们已经知道了他的事。2.B，D两选项应用于一般过去时，A，C两词用语现在完成时，但是just用于助动词have/has后，而本题应填在句末，因而使用before，答案C。3.现在完成时常与“inthepast+一段时间”连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故应选D。4.现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），threetimes（三次），severaltimes（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故应选B。5.when这个时间状语表达“何时”，问确切的时间，多用于一般过去时、一般将来时和一般现在时，故答案为B。6.问句中yet是一般现在时的标志，amomentago中的ago是典型的一般过去时的标志，因而答案为B7.现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故答案依为D。8.since是现在完成时的典型标志，而become是个点动词，在用语完成时表达时，应换成相对应的延续性动词，因而答案为B。9.有问句可知是完成时，而“到这儿”这个概念应该用延续性动词表达，对应词为been，答案为A。10.从意思来看，房子很脏，推断出一定是一直没有打扫，又看到forweeks，for+一段时间是完成时中的用法，因而答案为D。11.Severaltimes几次，现在完成时常与次数连用，因而答案为A。12.for+一段时间是完成时中的用法，因而选择A。（二）翻译句子1.MyfatherhasbeentotheGreatWallbefore.2.ShehasbeentoShanghai.3.Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears.4.Theyhavealreadyknowneachother.5.Hiselderbrotherhasn’tcomebackyet.Period3现在完成时补充教学难点：完成时中非延续性动词向延续性动词的转换1、什么时候一定要用延续性动词：在含有以下三个标志词的完成时句型中：since，for，howlong2、哪些瞬间性动词需要变成相应的延续性动词或结构open---beopenclose---beclosedcome/go/arrive---be(in)become---bestart/begin---beonfinish/end---beoverleave---beawaydie---bedeadgetup---beupwakeup---beawakegetmarried---bemarriedborrow---keepcatchacold---haveacoldbuy---havejoin---bein/beamemberof3、句型：(1)如：这本书他借了一个月了。(不用borrow)Hehaskeptthebookforamonth.Hehaskeptthebooksinceamonthago.(2)这本书他借了多久了？Howlonghashekeptthebook?现在完成时专项练习一、单项选择1.—Mygod!I______thebookfromthelibraryformorethantwomonths.—Gotoseeifyouwillbefined.A.havelentB.haveborrowedC.havereturnedD.havekept2.—David,wherehaveyou______recently?—Ihave______toShanghaiwithclassmates.A.been,goneB.been,beenC.gone,beenD.gone,gone3.—WhereisJack’sbrother?Ihaven’tseenhimforalongtime.—______.A.HehasbeentoSuzhouB.HehasgonetoSuzhouC.HeisgoingtoSuzhouD.HewillgotoSuzhou4.Myfriendshave______theresincethefirmsetup.A.workB.startworkingC.beguntoworkD.worked5.Sara______theSummerA.wenttoB.goestoC.hasgonetoD.hasbeento6.It______20yearssincethey______toChina.A.was,cameB.was,havecomeC.is,havecomeD.is,came7.----______toItaly?----No,never,butIwenttoFrance5yearsago.A.DidyougoB.HaveyougoneC.HaveyoubeenD.Areyougoing8.SheisnotgoingtotheconcertsthisSundaynightbecauseshe______herticket.A.didn’tloseB.haslostC.willloseD.didn’thave9.StephenhasstudiedChineseinChina______.A.forthreemonthsB.threemonthsagoC.sincethreemonthsD.forthreemonthsago10.We______ourmissionsofar.Itisreallyfantastic.A．tofinishB.finishC.havefinishedD.finishing11.Mathew_______already_______EtonA.have,livedB.has,livedC.have,liveD.has,living12.----Areyoufamiliarwiththefamoussinger---JayChou?----Certainly!I_________tohisconcertsmanytimes.A.goB.amgoingC.havegoneD.goes13.----Nowadaysmyhometownhastakenanewlook.Itissowonderful.----Really.Greatchanges_______________duringthepast30years.A.havetakenplaceB.aretakenplaceC.tookplaceD.takeplace14.----Whereismywallet?----I__________itherejustnowbutIcan’tfinditnow.A.sawB.haveseenC.wasseeingD.see15.It’s8:00now.You_______towriteyourhomeworkyet,Bob.A.haven’tstartedB.didn’tstartC.don’tstartD.won’tstart16.Myeldersister____anewpairoftrouserslastnight.I_______themon.Theyareperfect.A.hasmade,triedB.made,triedC.hadmade,havetriedD.made,havetried17．----We____howtodrivealready.----When______youlearn?----Twoyearsago!A.learned,doesB.learned,didC.havelearned,doesD.havelearned,did18.Billy_____upforafewminutes.A.wasgettingB.isgettingC.hasgotD.hasbeen19．----____Jimandyou_____theparagraphs_____?----Yes,we____themlastnight.A.Have,copied,already,haveB.Did,copy,yet,didC.Have,copied,yet,didD.Did,copy,ever,had20.----Haveyoufinishedyourhomework______?----No,_________.A.already,notyetB.yet,notyetC.already,Ihaven’tD.ever,notyet二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.Withabookinhishand,Mr.Liu______(hurry)toentertheroomjustnow.2.Nicolas_________(make)alotoffriendssince2000.3.They_________(know)manyforeignersuptillnow.4.He_________already_______(write)alettertothepresidentoftheU.S.A.5.—When_________she_________(leave)?—4weeksago.6.—_________youever_________(watch)themovie?—Yes,I_________.—Where__________you________(watch)it?—AtBeijingTheater.7.—Sally,I_________(notsee)youforalongtime.—Yeah,Ialsomissyou