中国货币的简史与发展加入SDR

优选中国货币的简史与发展加入SDR当前第1页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点DefinitionAgenerallyacceptedformofmoney,includingcoinsandpapernotes,whichisissuedbyagovernmentandcirculatedwithinaneconomy.Usedasamediumofexchangeforgoodsandservices,currencyisthebasisfortrade.Currency当前第2页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点AncientCurrencyChinaisoneofthecountrieswheremoneywasusedearliestintheworld.AfterQinDynastyunifiedthecountry,officialmetalmoneywascastofBronzecircularinshapewithasquareholethroughthecenter.ThiskindofbronzecoinshadbeenusedinChinaforover2000yearsuntiluptoSongDynastywhenearliestpapermoneyintheworldappeared.

当前第3页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点Over3000yearsago,Chinabegantouseshellsasmoneywhichwasalsocalledcowries.Inantiquity,peopleusedshellsforexchange.Cowries

(贝币)当前第4页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点BronzeCoins

Inthe11thcenturyBC,thebronzewasfoundtobemoredurablethanshellsandalsoconvenientcarryandcollect,sobronzecoinswerecastinimitationofseashells.Bronzecoinsinlaterperiodsroughlyfallintofourtypes:spadecoins(布币),knifecoins(刀币),roundcoins(环币)andyibicowries(蚁鼻币).当前第5页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点SpadecoinsoftheWarringStatesPeriod

（战国布币）HalftaelcoinsofQinDynasty(秦代半两铜币)当前第6页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点SpadecoinsintheperiodofWangmang

(王莽布币)Yibicowriesintheshapeofantscreepingonthenose

(楚国蚁鼻钱)当前第7页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点Knifecoins当前第8页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点TheseareonekindofancientChinesebronzecoinswithaweightoffiveZhu(about3.33gram)andtwoChinesecharacters“五铢”

castontheface.ThecastingofWuZhucoinsbeganintheyearof118BCandithadcirculatedforover700yearsbecauseithadapropersizeandconvenientweight.WuZhuCoins当前第9页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点当前第10页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点CoinsofKaiyuanTongBaoTongBaoisthenameofonekindofancientChinesebronzecoinswhichwerefirstusedinTangDynastyandlastedover300yearsasthemaincurrency.KaiyuanTongBaoreferstothebronzecoinsthatwerecastinthebeginningyearsofTangDynasty.当前第11页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点当前第12页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点InQingDynasty,eachemperorhadareigntitleandthecoinscastwerenamedafterthereigntitleoftheemperoronthethrone.XianfengwasthereigntitleofoneemperorinQingDynasty,andthecoinscastinhisreignwerecalledXianfengTongBao.当前第13页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点CoinsofXianfengTongBao当前第14页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点Jiaozi(交子)

JiaoziwasakindofpapermoneyusedearliestinChinaandalsointheworld.ItwasfirstissuedbywealthybusinessmeninChengdu,SichuanProvinceintheearlyyearsofNorthernSongDynasty(fromabout998to1022),andthenintheyearof1023,begantobeprintedandissuedbythegovernment.Thiskindofpapermoney,moreconvenientinusethanmetalcurrency,wascirculatedinmarketsandcouldalsobeexchangedwithsilvermoney.当前第15页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点Jiaozi:theworld’sfirstknownpapermoney当前第16页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点Longyang:DragonSilverDollarCoins

InthelateyearsifQingDynasty,ViceroyZhangZhidongwhoadministeredGuangdongandGuangximadeakindofChinesesilverdollarcoinswithmachine.Withadragondesigncastononeside,theywerealsocalledLongyang(DragonSilverDollarCoins)当前第17页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点Longyang(龙洋)当前第18页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点ModernCurrencyRenminbi(RMB)isthelegalcurrencyofPRC,issuedbythePeople’sBankofChina.Ithascomprehensivelyreflectedthepolitical,economicandculturalcharacteristicsindifferenthistoricalperiodsofChinaandhasthereputationof“IdentityCard”ofthestate.Formtheyearof1948tillnow,fiveseriesofRMBhavebeenissued.

当前第19页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点NewChinacurrencyThelawfulcurrencyofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaistheRMB,andtheunitisYuan.TherehasalreadyimplementedfivesetsofRMB,anditistobeacurrencysystemofpaper,metal,generalandpreciousmetalsouvenircoinandsoon.当前第20页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点ThesampleofNo.1seriesofRMBpapernotes当前第21页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点ThesampleofNo.2seriesofRMBpapernotes当前第22页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点ThesampleofNo.3seriesofRMBpapernotes当前第23页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点ThesampleofNo.4seriesofRMBpapernotes当前第24页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点ThesampleofNo.5seriesofRMBpapernotes当前第25页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点FunctionofmoneyGenerally,economistshavedefinedfifthtypesoffunctionsofmoneywhichareasfollows:(i)Mediumofexchange(ii)Measurementofvalue;(iii)Standardofdeferredpayments(iv)Storeofvalue(v)WorldCurrency.Thesefirstfourfunctionsofmoneyhavebeensummedupinacoupletwhichsays:Moneyisamatteroffunctionsfour,amedium,ameasure,astandardandastore.Thefifthfunctionworldcurrencyisderivedfrommediumofexchange.Mediumofexchange:Moneyactsasamediumofexchangeasit'sgenerallyaccepted.Onthepaymentofmoney,purchaseofgoodsandservicescanbemadeTheWorldcurrencyisalongwiththedevelopmentofcommodityproductionandexchange.Whenthecommodityexchangebeyondnationalboundariesastheinternationaltrades,currencyasreflectingformofvalue,hasbecomeaworldwideuniversalequivalentofcommodity,thatisworldcurrency.当前第26页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点ChineseCurrencyandSDRTheIMF’sdecisionwilleventuallyputtheyuanalongsidethedollar,euro,poundandyeninthefund’sreserve-currencybasket,withtheIMFgivingmoreweighttoChina’scurrencythantoeithertheyenorpound.ButwhilethedecisionisaboostforChina’snationalself-esteem,itisn’tlikelytodriveahugesurgeinyuanbuying.Noristheremuchthreattheyuanastheworld’spreeminentreservecurrency,especiallygivenChina’smanypoliticalandeconomicchallenges.Chinawillspeeduptheefforttopromotefinancialreformsandopening.Themovewillhelppavethewayforbroaderuseoftherenminbiintradeandfinance,securingChina’sstandingasaglobaleconomicpower.当前第27页\共有28页\编于星期六\20点ConclusionTheRenminbimarchestowardsinternationalizationTheeffectofhigh-speedpolitical,economicandculturaldevelopmentisthatChina'sstatusininternationalsocietyisconstantlyrising,andChinaisengagingmorefrequentlyinculturalandeconomicexchangeandcooperationwithothernationsoftheworld.SDRinclusioncouldbeinterpretedasinternationalrecognitionofChina’sincreasedeconomicimportanceandroleinglobalfinancialmarkets.EveryIMFmemb