英语写作同义词替换练习题

/第一讲引发激烈讨论.热门话题.激烈争论.广泛关注 heated,hot,long-running,controversial,hotly-debatedamatterof<global>concern,<burning,pressing,thorny>issue,controversy,subject,focus,topic.beputontheagendatrigger,spark,arouseintense,fierce,contentious/debate,discussion,argumentarousepeople’swideconcern//widepublicconcern/curiosity/attention,makepeopleworriedbecomepublicfocus/thefocusofthesocietymoreandmorepeopleanincreasingnumberofpeoplemoreandmoreusefulincreasinglyuseful人事物MoreandmorepeoplewasteThegrowingrateofwastehavepeoplecallingitanepidemicalotofaconsiderablenumberof/massive/differentpeoplehavedifferentideastowardsitpeople’sideastowardsitdifferfromonetoanother..,viewsonthisissuevarygreatly.tryto—attemptto,intendtothink–argue,claim,deem,insistif–providedthat,assumingthat,supposingthat一写作常用关键词句：认为.断言：think,believe,argue,hold,contend,state,claim,suppose,advocate,assume,pointout,pointto,allege,assertpersonally,asforme,asfarasIamconcerned,formypart许多：alargenumberof,alargeamountof,aconsiderablenumberof,ahostof,dozensof,scoresof,thebulkof,amajorityof大部分的.aminorityof小部分的如今、目前：incontemporarysociety,nowadays,atpresent,recently,currently,inrecentdecades越来越：increasing,growing重要.必要.肯定主导.关键.根本,意义重大：important,necessary,essential,vital,crucial,influential,overwhelming,primary,overriding,principal.fundamental,elementary,cardinal,significant,indispensable,dominant,key,leading,prominent,decisive,major,gist,crux关键.症结所在关注、重视、强调、优先考虑、把…放首要位置：highlight,payattentionto,attract…,raise…concern,arouse…concern,callfor…concern,attachimportanceto,givepriorityto,layemphasis/stresson不予重视、忽视、低估、次要：downplay,overlook,ignore,neglect,underestimate,secondaryinimportance赞成、支持：applaud,favor,advocate,infavorof,besidewith,inagreementwith,gofor,vote,proponent支持者反对：oppose,protest,frown皱眉.objectto,goagainst,disagreewith,opponent反对者一致意见：consensus,itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat…,itisgenerallyaccepted有争议的问题、热点问题、棘手的问题、关注的问题：acontroversialissue,aheatedtopic,aburningproblem,athornyissue,amatterofconcern,asubjectoffiercedebate归因于.源自于：ascribeto,attributeto,resultfrom,isassociatedwith,arisefrom,derivefrom,stemfrom,originatefrom<in>,growform,asourceof因为.由于：byvirtueof,inlightof,dueto,thanksto,owingto,becauseof,beresponsiblefor导致、造成：contributeto,leadto,resultin,bringabout,create,giveriseto,trigger,ignite,cause,generate,promote,breed,induce往往.表趋势：tendto,beproneto,beinclinedto,haveatendencyto可能：may,perhaps,belikelyto,possibly,itisverylikelythat…,itispredictedthat…预测发生.出现.产生：takeplace,occur,arise,bringabout,create,cause,emerge,turnout,workout常常：often,frequently,moreoftenthannot偶尔：occasionally,sometimes,onceinawhile,onsomeoccasions有…影响：exert…effectson,haveaneffect/impact/influenceon不管.尽管：nomatter…,regardlessof,despite,inspiteof塑造、培养：cultivate,develop,foster,mould,shape,build增强：promote,strengthen,enhance,intensify,magnify,amplify接触到：expose…to,have/getaccessto能给.能使.能让：give,let,make,offer,promise,bring,provide,allow,render,ensure,equip…with,furnish…with,encourage,enablesb.todosth.liberate/free/releasesb.from..优点、优势：pro,merit,strength,advantage,benefit,positive缺点、弱势：con,fault,flaw,weakness,downside,drawback,disadvantage,negative如果、假设：imaginethat,providedthat,supposethat,onconditionthat破坏、损害、有害：destroy,damage,spoil,ruin,undermine,endanger,jeopardize,impair,temper,doharmto,bedetrimentalto,behazardous,阻碍.妨碍：hinder,hamper,block,keep…from,obstacleto,barrierto,构成潜在威胁/危害：posepotentialthreat/danger/riskto有益.有助于：bebeneficial/instrumental/helpful/conducive/favorable/optimal,facilitate伴随：alongwith,togetherwith,beaccompaniedby关于：intermsof,withregardsto,asto呈现.展现.描述：show,display,illustrate,exhibit,describe,depict,demonstrate,unfold,pointtothefactthat…不可否认：thereisnodenyingthat…,itisanundeniablefactthat…毫无疑问：itisnodoubtthat…,admittedly普遍.流行.受欢迎：prevalent,prevail,enjoy/gainpopularity当谈到.谈及：whenitcomesto…,让我/我们想到：itoccurstome/usthat…目睹、见证：The20thcenturywitnessed/sawthat…明显,突出的<adj>:conspicuous/striking/prominent/eminent/noticeable/remarkable/obvious/apparent/evident/significant很大地.非常地〔表示程度：significantly,considerably,surprisingly,greatly,highly,hugely,largely,tremendously,enormously,overwhelmingly,remarkably,strikingly,substantially,essentially,vastly,entirely,badly,合理的.可行的.恰当的：reasonable,rational,sensible,appropriate,proper,sound,plausible貌似合理的.证明.证实：confirm,prove,justify,verify,反驳：protest,refute怀疑.质疑：doubt,doubtful,suspect,besuspiciousof,skeptic,beskepticalof〔这类词语还可参照我的阅读分类词汇二Sentenceandwordsrich–大部分是复合句,有分词结构.high-level–定语从句,强调句,倒装句,虚拟语气词语可换说法.即便是名词也可换说法。这样可使得文章的词语rich.多变化。改写：大学旨在培养未来人才。Theuniversityaimstocultivatetalentsforthefuture.Theuniversity,asaschoolofhighereducation<作插入语来解释>,aimstocultivate<build/foster/shape>talents<elites精英/theminds思想指代有头脑的人/><whoarefurnishedwithprofessionalskills>forthefuture.改写：这种犯罪行为会危害社会..Such<offense/misconduct/delinquency/delinquentbehavior/criminalbehavior><damages/undermines/endangers/isdetrimentalto>socialcommunity.改写：这会严重影响学习.Itwilladversely/severelyaffectouracademicperformance.写出画线的同义词政府应该采取措施来解决这个问题Thegovernmentshouldtakemeasurestosolvethecomplicatedproblem.Thegovernment<Ourcountry/nation/Thedepartmentconcerned/Theadministration/Theauthorities>shouldtake<adopt/optimize>related<relevant/pertinent相关的/corresponding相应的/effective/feasible/applicable/timely>measures<campaign/countermeasures/steps/actions>tosolve<resolve/address/render/adjust/regulate/>thecomplicated<complex/thorny/perplexing/vexing>problem<issue/matter>.4.思维换说法心理健康对于大学生来说很重要Mentalhealthisveryimportanttocollegestudents.让步加反说<Whileitmaybetruethateducationforknowledgeandskillsisthekeyofcollegeeducation>,mentalhealtheducationis<shouldbe/canbe/deserves/requires>alsovery<greatly/hugely/significantly/strikingly>important//<notbedownplayed/overlooked/ignored/underestimated/notlessimportant/secondaryinimportance>tocollegestudents<theyoungpeople/thosewhoareinpursuitofhighereducation>.让步.转折.加入插入语置中各种技术发明使我们的时间更少了。<Onceuponatime,technology,wethought,wouldmakeourliveseasier>,butinsteadoffreeingus,inventionseatsfurtherintoourtime.5.增加句子字数<Thereisnodenyingfactthat/Itisanundeniablefactthat/itiswidelyacceptedthat>the<only/sole/major/primary/common>taskof<university/young/our>studentsistoacquire<fully/asabundantaspossible>the<useful/professional/helpful/practical>knowledgeandskills<thatareessentialtotheirfuturecareer>.随着科技的发展.数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用.例如…Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,digitalproductshavebeenusingwidely.Forexample…合并句子.名词替代动词.形容词或副词。Developments/Advancement/Breakthroughs/Innovationsintechnology<Withthedevelopmentoftechnology>greatlypromote<help/facilitate/contributeto/giveriseto/magnify/amplify/intensify>theuseofdigitalproductsinalmostallareasinoursocialcommunity,with<forexample>awiderangeofproducts<objects/devices/gauges>likecellphones,digitalcameras,andteleconferencefacilities.6.以事物开头句子互联网使我们很容易接触到全世界最新的资讯.TheInternetenablesustohaveeasyaccesstothelatestinformationworldwide.比较：我们可以上网获取信息。WecanusetheInternettogetinformation.练习：人们可以坐车自由出行。Wecangoouttotravelfreely.比较：汽车.在很大程度上.使人们可以自由出行。Theautomobile,toagreatextent,promisespeoplehighlevelofpersonalmobility/freetravel.分析范文〔网络资源。批判式取长补短.学改写Howtoimprovestudent'smentalhealth1、大学生的心理健康十分重要2、因此.学校可以3、我们自己应当Students'mentalhealthhasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.Indeed,itiswidelyacceptedthatithasgainedgrowingpopularityamongpersonsinallwalksoflife.Thereisageneraldiscussiontodayabouttheissueofdisorderinbrains.Obviously,itisnecessarythateffectiveactionsshouldbetakentopreventproblems.Authoritiesinuniversitiesplayacriticalroleinthesituation.Tobeginwith,schools,suchascollegesoruniversities,canprovidechancesfortheyoungmentoeasetheirattention.What'smore,somearephysicallystrong,butpsychologicalproblemsareabletobringpotentialthreats.Teachesmayhaveachancetofindtheminadvance.Besides,specialistsinthisfieldaretoberequiredtomakefullpreparationforcasesintime.Facingthecrisis,expertscandealwithitinaprofessionalway,whichmeanstheyhavemoreorbetteropportunitiestosaveusthanothers.<学校>Fromthefactorsmentionedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthatwecanfreeourselvesfrommentalillnessbytakingcertainprecautions.Forexample,ifyouhavepainsorpuzzlesinmind,findingafriendtoexpresstheseisagoodwaytoreleasepressure.Certainly,thereislittledoubtthatfurtherattentionwillbepaidtotheissue.北京新东方学校

王兆飞

There

is

no

denying

the

fact

that

mental

health

is

of

great

importance

to

college

students.

Nowadays,

many

students

in

college

suffer

from

mental

illness,

which

severely

affects

their

life

and

study.

Taking

a

look

around,

we

can

find

examples

too

numerous

to

list.

Reports

are

often

heard

that

some

students

committed

suicide

or

murdered

their

roommates.

Typical

examples

include

the

case

of

Ma

Jiajue

and

that

of

a

girl

stabbing

her

schoolmates.

In

view

of

the

seriousness

of

the

situation,

effective

measures

must

be

taken

before

things

get

worse.

On

the

one

hand,

due

attention

has

to

be

paid

by

colleges

to

students’

mental

health.

First,

lectures

on

psychological

health

should

be

frequently

given

to

students

to

prevent

problems

from

happening.

Secondly,

psychological

clinics

should

be

set

up

to

provide

troubled

students

with

timely

help.

As

to

students,

we

should

keep

the

channel

of

communication

open

among

ourselves

and

between

us

and

our

teachers

and

parents.

Besides,

in

case

of

mental

illness,

we

should

not

hesitate

to

go

to

psychological

counselors

for

help.

Only

with

these

measures

taken

can

we

expect

sound

growth

of

college

students.第二讲学写开头两三句话开头不要落入提纲圈套.直接翻译中文不要withthedevelopmentof…不要nowadays,moreandmorepeople…明确作文话题的类别.常见的有：智力教育类科技类环境类文化传统类社会经济类道德权利犯罪类心理情感类就以上常见类别准备相应词汇。写开头时以该类别为引子下定义.再转折要讨论的问题。随着科技的发展.数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用.例如…Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,digitalproductshavebeenusingwidely.Forexample…合并句子.名词替代动词.形容词或副词。Developments/Advancement/Breakthroughs/Innovationsintechnology<Withthedevelopmentoftechnology>greatlypromote<help/facilitate/contributeto/giveriseto/magnify/amplify/intensify>theuseofdigitalproductsinalmostallareasinoursocialcommunity,with<forexample>awiderangeofproducts<objects/devices/gauges>likecellphones,digitalcameras,andteleconferencefacilities.方法：下定义+转折〔引出话题+点题/小总结第一句：主谓宾结构n〔事物/不用人+v.+n.第二句：However,…〔反说+例子〔分词句/定语从句/伴随的with+名词第三句：点题/小总结大学生的心理健康十分重要〔教育话题Educationissupposedtobeassociatedwiththeteachingandlearningofprofessionalknowledgeandskills.However,mentalhealtheducationshouldnotbetakenassecondaryinimportanceforthesounddevelopmentofayoungman,whenwereadnewsreportsonsomesurprisinglyextremecasesofsuicide,andevenmurderoncampus.Theyounglearners,whilecommittingtostudy,arefacedwithafragilementalhealthproblem.现在国内有不少人喜欢过西方的某些节日〔文化传统话题Chinaboastsitslonghistoryoffestivalcultureandharborsasignificantlydistinctivecustoms.Lesshappily,youngpeoplenowadaystendtoshifttheirfocusfromthetraditionalfestivalstowesternones,likeChristmasandValentine’sDayinparticular,whichhavegainedincreasepopularityyearafteryear.ThepreservationofChinesetraditionalfestivals,thus,isbecominganationalconcern.练习：目前盗版的现象比较严重Wordstohelp:盗版：piracy<n.>盗版产品：piratedproducts知识产权：intellectualpropertyrights侵犯版权：infringesb’scopyright;copyrightinfringementIntellectualpropertyrightsislegallyprotectedtotheowners,butfewpeopleseemsquitesuretobededicatedtotheideaofbuyingcopyrightproducts.Thismisconductleadstoasurprisinglyoutbreak/explosion/epidemicofpiratedproducts,rangingfromhi-techdevices,suchascellphoneandcomputersoftware,tocreativeculturalproducts,CDsofmoviesandpaperbooksandthelike.Copyrightinfringementthusgreatlydamagestheorderofmarket,makingpeopleworried.练习：阅读经典书籍对人的成长至关重要Classicbookspreserve‘awindow’intotheessenceofhistory,cultureandphilosophy./preserve‘aplatform’forpeopletotalkwiththegreatmindsofhistory,cultureandphilosophy.Unhappily,mostyoungpeopletendtowelcome/harborafloodofinformation/informationexplosionpouringinfromeverycorneroftheworld,ratherthandedicatingthemselvestoreadabookofclassicsintheexcuseoftime-stressed.Someschoolsofhighereducationseemtohaveputtheclassicsreadingoutofacademicrequirements.或：让步+反说〔引出话题+点题/小总结<Whileitmaybetruethateducationforknowledgeandskillsisthekeyofcollegeeducation>,mentalhealtheducationis<shouldbe/canbe/deserves/requires>alsovery<greatly/hugely/significantly/strikingly>important//<notbedownplayed/overlooked/ignored/underestimated/notlessimportant/secondaryinimportance>tocollegestudents<theyoungpeople/thosewhoareinpursuitofhighereducation>.练习：反对安装摄像头虽然我承认公共场合安装摄像头降低了犯罪率合保证了一方平安,我仍认为它侵犯了个人隐私.支持留学虽然我认为出国留学会遇到很多困难,我仍然认为它会对个人的职业和生活产生深远的影响.套词:admittedly,undoubtedly,unquestionably,doubtlessly,tobefrank/honest/fair第三讲如何分析原因Twofactorshavebeeninstrumentalinliftingtheveilofmisunderstanding.·oweto,accountfor,beconduciveto,beassociatedwith,beresponsiblefor,beattributedto,a<root>sourceof,therootof·explain,explore,unveil<揭开>,analyze,discuss,probeinto,identify,figureout·thecontributing/causative/underlyingfactorsTheboomingeconomyofthelastdecadehascontributedtoasurgeoftravelingabroad.Becauseofthebusinesspromotion,wearenotsurprisedbythelatestrashofwesternfestivals.Thankstotheadvancementoftechnology,theworldmarketfindsitswayintomassproduction.Eventhoughthepresenttechnologycreatesnewinventionsandgreatlyrevolutionizesthemassproduction,paradoxically,italsobreedsapiratedcopywithpoorqualitybutacompetitivelylowpriceonceanewproductcomesout.Thedesireforatraveloverseasgrowsfromthepeoplewhoarebetterofftopursueadeeperinsightintodifferentcultureandarealexperienceofoutsideworld.Thisisduepartlytothefactthattelephoneserviceissuperbhere,whilepostalserviceislessefficient.如何寻找原因在第四讲专讲列原因的常见模版.但不建议滥用·Thefirstsignificantfactoris___________________isanothermajorreason.Andthefundamentaloneis________.·Oneisthat______________Theotheristhat_________________________isalsoblameworthy.·Foronething____________Foranother___________Andtheleadingreasonis__________·Onecausativefactoris_________________isanothercontributingfactor.Andthemostfrequentlystressedoneis_________·Someattributeitto________Othersputitdownto__________Stillothersoweitto___________·beblamedfor…该为…负责Beblameworthy该骂的,该负责的Betheculpritof罪魁祸首BetherootcauseofBetheprimaryreasonof根源是例:Oneisthat________________,theotheristhat___________________,______________isalsoblameworthy在原因句之后如何扩展：=#举例少用youcan的语气〔这是在写howto类型的文章时多见.如HowtoDealwithStress。客观的使用people.students,consumers等具体的指称.需要的时候用we,our,us等人称。让人信服的举例应该是：Arecentstudy<conductedby…>showsthatresearchfindsreportrevealssurveysuggestsindicatesdemonstratesprovesillustratesevidencesaysexpertsbelieve·Forone·Thistrendhasbeenfoundon…·Agood/typicalexampleofthisis….·Statistics/reportsshowthat..·Asanillustration·Acaseinpointis…·Arecentsurveyfinds/shows/reveals/provesthat乌鸡变凤凰·SmokingisbadforourhealthAmple<丰富的>evidenceshowsthat·MoreandmorecollegestudentsareunabletofindajobItisreportedthatagrowingnumberofstudentsareunabletofindajob.·FiveNanningresidentsdiedofrabieslastmonth.Therecentnewsreportspointtoafactthat·Peopleusealotofplasticbagseverydaythatarenotabletobedegraded.Arecentstudyhasfoundthateverydaypeopledispose1billionplasticbagsworldwidethatarenotabletobedegraded=#总结作用、后果或预测·Itappears/seems/proves/turnsout/pointstoafactthat…\\…isappeared/seemed…tobe…·Itisverylikelythat…\\…isverylikelytobe…·Itisbelievedthat…\\…isbelievedtobe…·Itprovides/creates/promises/offers/enables/facilitates/leadspeople<to>…Becauseofthebusinesspromotion,wearenotsurprisedbythelatestrashofwesternfestivals.Becauseofthebusinesspromotion,wearenotsurprisedbythelatestrashofwesternfestivals.Itprovesthatthesefestivalsarethegreatchanceforshrewdbusinessmentomakeprofit.Becauseofthebusinesspromotion,wearenotsurprisedbythelatestrashofwesternfestivals,whichprovestobethegreatchanceforshrewdbusinessmentomakeprofit.Variousproductshavegreatlyfacilitiesourlifeandenhancedourstandardofliving.Variousproductshavegreatlyfacilitiesourlifeandenhancedourstandardofliving.Theyofferuscomfort,convenienceandefficiency.Variousproductshavegreatlyfacilitiesourlifeandenhancedourstandardofliving,offeringuscomfort,convenienceandefficiency.如何比较利弊不要goodandbad,不要everycoinhastwosides用连接副词〔naturally,normally,ofcourse,basically,generally,indeed.tosomeextent,等自然过渡练习：广告随处可见广告的好处广告的坏处开头：〔对现存现象宏观的下定义.引出话题Ourimpressionofthemodernsocietyislikelytobethatalmosteveryoneisstuckwithadvertisements.Peopleobtainallkindsofinformationfromtheadstoshop,toeat,totravel,andeventostudyandwork.好处：〔观点+作用+举例Naturally,adswithpositivesenseandenjoyableartisticcreationcanworkforpeople’slifeandencourageprofitsforbusiness.Theyinformpeopleofthenewproductsandhelpconsumerstochoosethegoodsthataresimilartoeachotherbeforetheypay.Asurveyshowsthat90%ofpeoplechoosetobuyaproductbasedontheirfavoriteads,andasuccessfuladsgreatlypopularizestheimageofaproducts,creatingalargeamountofprofittoacompany..坏处：〔观点+作用/后果However,adsbecomeattachedtonegativeimages,astheyprovidefalseinformationandleadpeopletobuythingsthatdonotmatchtheirquality.Tosomeextent,advertisingaddstothepriceofgoods.Theseoverusedadswouldcausenegativeresponseamongconsumers.总结：〔先让步+重申观点Thoughsomeofuswouldliketothinkourselvesfreefromthismessworldofadvertisements,forbetterorworse,ithasbecameanindispensiblemeansofcommunicationofmodernlife.如何写事物造成的危害如何写结尾/或建议重申观点〔跟开头的写法相似.也可让步+转折做预测表建议或预测的句子常用将来时和被动态、虚拟语气或：itisdesirableforsbto…/that<虚拟语气>〔第五册第二课结尾wouldhavedone…mayhavetobeamended〔第五册第三课结尾Onewayoutisto/by…Ifwecontinuetoignore<overlook,neglect,underestimate>______,itislikelythat____<警示性>参考：第五册第一单元〔结尾段Indeed,withrespecttothetransmissionofvaluesandtheteachingofcertainsubjects,aconservativeapproachmaywellbecalledfor.Yettheexplosionofknowledgecallsforcloseandfreshattentiontothecurriculum.Newandimaginativeapproacheswillhavetobedevelopedifyoungpeoplearetobepreparedfortherapidchangingrolestheycanexpecttoassume.仿写并改写心理健康：1As

to

students,

we

should

keep

the

channel

of

communication

open

among

ourselves

and

between

us

and

our

teachers

and

parents.

Besides,

in

case

of

mental

illness,

we

should

not

hesitate

to

go

to

psychological

counselors

for

help.

Only

with

these

measures

taken

can

we

expect

sound

growth

of

college

students.2Fromthefactorsmentionedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthatwecanfreeourselvesfrommentalillnessbytakingcertainprecautions.Forexample,ifyouhavepainsorpuzzlesinmind,findingafriendtoexpresstheseisagoodwaytoreleasepressure.Certainly,thereislittledoubtthatfurtherattentionwillbepaidtotheissue.例如：〔心理健康问题.学校应该怎么做.学生应该怎么做丢掉forexample,ifyou…,onlyby…等老套词。Thepotentialriskofmentalhealthcallsforcloseandfreshattentiontothepsychologicalcurriculumtailoredtothestudents’needs.Assessmentapproaches,counseling,ifnecessary,intervention,willhavetobedevelopediftheschoolsaretobepreparedfortherapidchangingrolesofeducationtheycanexpecttoassume.Inresponse,onesteptocalmingdown<Onewayoutisto…>,asayoungstudent,istorecognizethetendencyofbeingunhappy,tenseorstressed,andthenlearntobelesshostile<pessimistic/depressed/upset/isolated/frustrated>bychangingsomeoftheattitudesandnegativethinkingtowardsthelifeandpeoplearound.Itisdesirablethatyoungpeoplewouldtakecounselingcourseregularlyandtryexperienceofteamwork,bothofwhicharebelievedtobehelpfultofindasafetyoutletofmentalproblem.如何解决危害性的问题参考第五册第六课练习：盗版问题我们应该怎么做蔓延.猖獗：epidemic,magnitudeofidentityfraud〔身份盗窃的程度打击：clampdownon,fightabattleagainst,comeoutfighting禁止.杜绝：ban,prohibit,curb起诉：prosecutefor避免：avert,putanendto危害：potentialthreat/risk/danger/hazard提上日