马克思主义【英文】课件

MarxismChristinaAardemaAnnaBeelsRachaelLynchDevinSelbergJordanKosterTheMarxistTheory--MarxcreatedthetheoryofMarxismwhichbelievedthatthemotiveforallsocialandpoliticalactivitieswasforgainingandkeepingeconomicpower.--TheoriesofMarxismarecategorizedintoagroupcalled“DialectalMaterialism”whichconsistsoflotsofthoughtsandthewayonelooksatlife.Aswellasone’soutlookandemotionsondifferentthings.--Marxistsbelievein“EmpiricalEvidence”whichconsistsofusingthetruthineveryaspectofasituation.ThismethodologywasledbyMarxandEngels.Howeverlatertheyrevealthatnotalloftheir“theories”weretrueandthattheywerebasedmoreonscientifictheoryratherthanconcretefacts.--AnothercomponentofMarxismisDeterminismwhichexplainsthatallprocessesarepre-thoughtanddeterminedbynaturallaws.Thereforeallprocessesshouldbeabletobepredicted.MoreInfoonMarxistTheoryMarxisttheoriesarecategorizedintorealityofsociety,economics,workingclasses,andpolitics.DialectalMaterialism,HistoricalMaterialism,andtheLaborTheoryofValuearethe“FamousThreeComponentParts”OfMarxism.KarlHeinrichMarxKarlMarxwasbornonmay5,1818inGermanytoamiddle-classfamily.AttheageofseventeenheenrolledintheFacultyofLawattheUniversityofBonnthentransferredtotheUniversityofBerlin.HewasamemberandleadertomanyclubssomebeingtheYoungHegelianmovement,theCommunistsociety,andtheCommunistLeague.Hebecameknownforhiswritingandtheories,hebeganwritingfortheRheinsche

Zeitung,Deutsch-Franzosische

Jahrbucher,andwritingfamouswritingssuchastheEconomicandPhilosophicalManuscripts,TheGermanIdeology,ThePovertyofPhilosophy,theCommunishManifesto,TheNeue

Fheinische

Zeitung,theClassstrugglesinFrance,The18th

BrumaireofLuisBonaparte,TheGrundrisse,TheCivilWarinFrance,andmore.HeMarriedJennyvonWestphalenandhad6children,3whomlived.AfterfightingillnessesinthelateryearsofhislifeandgoingthroughthedeathofhiswifeandeldestdaughterhediedonMarch14,1883./walking/wa-marx.htmMarxContributionofTheoriesKarlMarxwasastrongcommunistadvocateandevenleadagroupthatoverthrewtheFrenchGovernmentandtookoverfortwomonths.Marxfeltthattheseparationwasmoresignificantinsocioeconomicclassesthandifferencesbetweenreligion,ethnicity,race,andgender.TheMarxistbeliefestablishedclassesinAmericafromthehomeless,poor,financiallyestablished,well-to-do,andextremelywealthy.Thesewereestablishedastheunderclass,lowerclass,middleclass,upperclass,andaristocracy.

Marxisttheoryin“TheGreatGatsby”

AccordingtoLoisTysonMarxisttheorywasshownpredominatelythroughthecharacters.MarxistTheoryin“TheGreatGatsby”(cont.)ThecharactersdemonstrateMarxisttheorythroughtheiractions.Theyleadustobelievethattheyfollowtheactofcommodification.Commodificationisthethoughtthatyouarewhatyouown.Thisishowitisshownthroughsomeofthemaincharacters…TomBuchanan’sProblemHedemonstratesthisby…Hismarriagetodaisy(Hismoneyisequaltoherbeauty).Hisjoyofhavingexpansivethings.Hispoweroverthewomenhehasaffairswith.Allofthesethingsbuilduphisownpersonalwealth,becausehehascontroloverthem.TomBuchanan(cont.)Onethingthatcommodificationcausesyoutodoiswantmoreandmore.InTom’scasehewantsanelevatedstatus,heisfromthewest(hegraduatedfromYale)andtheclassythingistobefromtheeast.Thisissomethinghecanthavesoheshowsarudedislikefortheoldmoneystatus.DaisyShedemonstratescommodificationthrough…Theacceptanceoftomsmarriageproposal(forthemoney)WhensheleavesGatsbybecauseheisofalowerstatus.WhensheusesGatsbyasacommodity(HetakestheblameforMyrtlesdeath,shegetsofffree).GatsbyHeshowscommodificationthrough…Theactofhavingallthatstuffjusttoimpressdaisy(signexchangevalue)Hisattempttohavedaisy(Ifhehasdaisyitwillshowthathebelongstothatsocialclass).MarxistViewofGreatGatsbyLoisTysonsomewhathintsthatshethinksthecharactersarejustliketherichupperclassoftheoldRussia.TheywerethereasonMarxcameupwithhistheoryinthefirstplaceThecharactersinEastandWestEggwereliketherichnobleclassThepeopleinthevalleyoftheasheswerelikethepeasantsMarxistViewofGreatGatsby(cont.)InthebooktheGreatGatsbyTysonpointsouthowtherichwouldgoaboutspendingtheremoneyonthemselvesanddefinethemselvesbywhattheyowned.Thepoorinthebookgotnothing.Marxismisshownthoughthisbe