2023年浙江省宁波市镇海重点中学高考英语模拟试卷-普通用卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023年浙江省宁波市镇海重点中学高考英语模拟试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AIt'sthattimeofyear，again，somehowtimeforthelistofUKLEGOeventsofthisyear2023.Hereisaroughguide.

DiscoveryBrickShow

Date：30th，April-1st，May

Place：DiscoveryMuseum

Description：ThisLEGOshowincentralNewcastlereturns，withLEGOmodelsfrombuildersacrosstheUK，activitiesandamarketplaceforLEGO-lovers.

Cost：Somefreeactivities；entrytothemarketplacerequiresapaidticket.

ThirskBrickShow

Date：12thFebruary

Place：Thirsk&SowerbyTownHall

Description：AsmallLEGOshowinthistownhall，backforitsthirdyear.Themoneythatismadefromtheshowgoestoanagedcarecentreinthetown.LEGOdisplaysandsomeactivities.

Cost：Asmallentryfeeinaidofcharity.

HullBrickFestival

Date：13th-14thAugust

Place：Guildhall

Description：Thisshowisinitsseventhyearandthistimeit'sintownforthewholeweekend!Awesome

LEGOcreationsfromthebestbuildersintheUK，funactivitiesplusseveralspecialist

LEGOtraderswitheverythingfromnewbargainsets，loosebrickstocustomaccessories.

Cost：Freeentry；ticketbookingisrecommended.

CaterhamModelShow

Date：17thSeptember

Place：SacredHeartCentenaryHall

Description：ThisremarkableLEGOandmodelshowisbackagainthisyear.LEGOaswellasnon-LEGOdisplays，activitiesandtraderswhobuyandsellalotofuniqueLEGOcreations.

Cost：Paidticketsarerequiredforentry；seetheeventpagefordetails.1.Whoseprofitswillbeusedtohelppeopleinneed？______A.DiscoveryBrickShow's. B.ThirskBrickShow's.

C.HullBrickFestival's. D.CaterhamModelShow's.2.WherewillafreebutticketedLEGOeventbehosted？______A.InDiscoveryMuseum. B.InThirsk&SowerbyTownHall.

C.InGuildhall. D.InSacredHeartCentenaryHall.3.Whatdothefoureventshaveincommon？______A.Theyhavebeenheldbefore.

B.TheyareaimedatsellingLEGOmodels.

C.Theyhavetheirmarketplace.

D.Theyincludesomenon-LEGOactivities.BThefirsttimeatortoisewalkedthroughmyhutatMiddleCamponAldabraAtoll，Iwasamazed.Igrabbedmycameraandcarefullypositionedmyselftotakethiswildlifeencounter.Thesecondtime：samething.Thethirdtime：Ipickedupmyphoneandtookasnapshot.Bythefourthorfifthtime，Ididn'tevenlookwhenIfeltsomethingbumpintome.Iknewwhatitwas.

IwastheretoshootastoryaboutislandrestorationintheSeychelles，farofftheeastcoastofAfricaintheIndianOcean.Untilroughlythemiddleofthepastcentury，thesmallislandnationshowedsignsofrealenvironmentalkilling—localvegetation—clearedtomakewayforcoconutplantations，foreignratsandmicerunninguncontrolled，nativeseaturtlesandgianttortoisesbeingexploited.Biodiversityseemeddestroyed.Butthenthecountryexperiencedashiftinconservationawareness—andthegiantAldabratortoisesareamongitsmostvisiblesigns.

EverymorningwhenIwokeupandwalkedoutsidethehut，IhadtoremindmyselfthatIhadn'ttraveledbackintime.IcouldseeflightlessAldabrarails，coconutcrabsthesizeofdinnerplates，andgianttortoises—roughlyfourfeetlongandweighingupto550pounds—justwanderingaround.Thenumberofsharksinthebaywascrazy.Frigatebirdsandboobies（鲣鸟）nestedinthemangroves（akindoftree）.Whenweleftourhutdoorsopen，whichweoftendidtoletinair，thetortoiseswouldwalkrightthrough.

Inthelateafternoonorearlyevening，wheneverthey'dfinishedeating，thetortoiseswoulddropthemselvesdownandfallasleepwiththeirheadsoutstretched.Thatmadenighttimetripstotheouthouseperilous.Togetthere，we'dhavetogo200feetintothemangroves，negotiatingwhatIcalledthetortoiseslalomtrail.

Itwasatrackwithoutapattern，becauseofcoursetheypickeddifferentplacestosleepeverynight.Avoidingthemwasimportant：Fallingheadfirstoveratortoiseontothesharpcoralrockcouldleadtoseriousinjuryonanislandfarfrommedicalfacilities.

NothingwaseasyonAldabra，andmuchofitwasinsanelydifficult.Yetlivingamongthetortoisesinthisprimordialplace，inoneofthelastspotswherereptilesstillrule，wasoneofthehappiesttimesofmylife.4.Howdidtheauthorfeelabouthisfinalmeetingwiththetortoiseinhisroom？______A.Calm B.Excited C.Concerned D.Disturbed5.Whatmadethewildlifeontheislandsufferduringthelastcentury？______A.Introducingforeignspecies.

B.Killingtoomanyratsandmice.

C.Plantinglotsofcoconuttrees.

D.Repairingthebuildingontheisland.6.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3？______A.Tostresstheimportanceoftheirwork.

B.Tointroducehowlargethetortoisesare.

C.Topresenthisdailyroutineontheisland.

D.Toshowhowthewildlifeisdiverseontheisland.7.Whatmightbethesuitabletitleforthispassage？______A.Islandfillswithcurioustourists.

B.Aldabracallsforwildlifeprotection.

C.Tortoisesruleonthisisolatedislandagain.

D.Effortsaremadetoprotecttheenvironment.CAchild'searlyyearsoflanguagedevelopmentareimportantforthebasicsofschoolreadiness，suchasliteracy（读写）skillsandsocialandemotionalgrowth.Inarecentstudy，UniversityofMiamiAssistantProfessorofPsychologyLynnPerryandateamoffellowresearcherswhoexaminedchildspeechcommunicationsoverthecourseofayearfoundthatchildrenbenefitfromconversationswiththeirpeers（同龄人）andtheirteachers.Thestudyexaminedhowlanguageuseanddevelopmentin2-and3-year-oldchildrenwasinfluencedbywhattheyheardfromtheirteachersandtheirpeers.

"Previousresearchonlanguagedevelopmentlookedmostlyattheroleofparent-childcommunicationwithinahomesettingoralabenvironment，whichmeanswe'remissingabigpartofachild'severydaylife—theclassroom，"saidPerry."Weknowthatparentlanguageisimportantforchildren'sdevelopmentandtheiracademicachievement，butwedon'thavemuchresearchonwhathappensinthekindergartenorpreschoolsetting."

Usingadevice（设备）calledaLanguageEnvironmentAnalysis（LENA）recorder，Perrycollectedhundredsofhoursofaudiorecordings.ChildrenworetheLENArecorderonceaweek.LENAsoftwarethenassessedwhethertherecordedaudiowasspeechornot，andwhetherthespeechcamefromthechildwearingtherecorderorfromanadultoranotherchildtalkingtothem.

Afterstudyingtheaudiodata，Perryfoundthatthespeechchildrenheardfromotherchildrenwaspositivelyrelatedtotheirownlanguageuse，meaningchildrenwhoheardthemostfromtheirpeerslearnmorenewwordsandvocalizemoreduringthecourseoftheyear.Additionally，therewasapositiveassociationbetweenateachertalkingandchildren'slanguageuseanddevelopment—butonlywhenthatteachertalkedtothechildinaback-and-forthconversation，ratherthanjusttalkingtothechildwithnoopportunityforthechildtorespond.

"Oneimportantaspectofthestudythatstandsouttomeishowimportantitwastoseethoseconversationalturnswithteachers，andthatback-and-forthconversationwiththechildisverybeneficial.Wetalkedtotheteachersabouttheresults，andtheyareveryexcitedaboutthisfindingandcurrentlybrainstormingadditionalopportunitiestohaveconversationswithchildren，"addsPerry.8.Whatdoesthenewstudyfocuson？______A.Thebasicsofschoolreadinessforpreschoolchildren.

B.Theparent-childcommunicationathomeorinthelab.

C.Theinfluenceofconversationsinthekindergartenonchildren.

D.Thewaystoimprovepreschoolchildren'shealthygrowth.9.Howdidtheresearchersperformtheirnewstudy？______A.Byobservingthechildreninclass.

B.Byconductingasurveyofteachers.

C.Bycommunicatingwiththechildren.

D.Byrecordingthechildren'sspeechinclass.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vocalize"inparagraph4mean？______A.Listen. B.Speak. C.Read. D.Write.11.Whatdoteachersplantodotodevelopchildren'sspeechabilityaccordingtothetext？______A.Havemoreback-and-forthconversationswithchildren.

B.Encouragechildrentolistenmoretotheirownspeech.

C.Informparentsoftheimportanceofconversationalturns.

D.Addmorebrainstormingactivitiestotheirdailyteaching.DDoyoucravechips，pizza，donuts，orcake？Thesekindsoffoodsarehighinsugarandfats，whichmakethemdeliciousbutnotnutritious.Arecentanalysissuggeststhatcertainingredientsinthesetypesofprocessedfoodscanbeaddictive.

AccordingtotheresearchpublishedinthejournalAddiction，certainfoodscantriggerthesamefeelingsasdrugs.Itallcomesdowntowhat'shappeninginthebrain.Whenwefeelhappy，it'sduetoafloodofthefeel-goodchemicaldopamine（多巴胺）inthestriatum.Thisregionispartofthebrain'srewardcircuit.Thestriatumgetsadopaminerushwhensomethinggoodhappens.Drugsandalcoholcancauseasimilarhigh.So，itturnsout，cansomepopularsnackfoods.

"We'redesignedtofindcarbohydrates（碳水化合物）andfats，"saysAshleyGearhardt，apsychologistattheUniversityofMichiganinAnnArbor.Evolvingsuchtasteshelpedourancestors"overcomefamineandmakesurewesurvive，"sheexplains.Thatcriticalroleshapedthebrain'srewardsystem，makingushard-wiredtoenjoycarbohydratesandfattyfoods.

Theproblemisn'twithallfoodscontainingcarbohydratesandfats.Fruitisfullofsugar.Oatsandotherwholegrainshavelotsofcarbohydrates.Nutsandmeathavefat.Butsuchunprocessedfoods—eateninaformthat'ssimilartohowtheygrew—alsocontainothernutrients，suchasfiber，thatslowdigestion.Thatlimitshowquicklyourbodiescanabsorbthenutrients.

Cookies，candy，soda，friesandotherhighlyprocessedfoodslackthoseadditionalnutrients.Suchfoodscontainingredientsthathavebeenhighlychangedfromtheirnaturalstate.They'rechockfullofeasy-to-absorbcarbohydratesandaddedfats.What'smore，theyoftencontainingredientsthatdon'tnaturallyoccurtogether.Whenweeatthesefoods，wegetaquick"hit"ofcarbsandfatsthatgivethebrainaboost.Thatmakesuswanttoeatthemagainandagain.12.Accordingtothearticle，whichtypesoffoodcanbeaddictive？______A.Fruitsandgrains. B.Cookiesandcake.

C.Nutsandmeat. D.Oatsandfiber.13.Whyarehumanshard-wiredtoenjoycarbsandfattyfoods，accordingtothearticle？______A.Theyprovidequickenergy.

B.Theyhelpedourancestorssurvive.

C.Theyarefulloffiber.

D.Theycontainnaturalsugars.14.Howdoesthebrainreactwhenweeatcertainhighlyprocessedfoods？______A.Itgetsaboostofcarbsandfatsthatmakeusfeelfull.

B.Itslowsdownthedigestionprocess.

C.Ittriggersthesamefeelingsasdrugs.

D.Itreleasesfeel-goodchemicalsthatpreventaddiction.15.Whatisthemainideaofthearticle？______A.Certainprocessedfoodscancreateaddictiveresponses.

B.Unprocessedfoodsarebetterforyouthanprocessedfoods.

C.Ourbrainsareborntoenjoycarbohydratesandfats.

D.Thelackofadditionalnutrientsinprocessedfoodsmakesthemunhealthy.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）LearntoCiteSources（引用资料）

Duringyouruniversityeducation，you'llbeexposedtoideasandscientifictheoriesofscholarsandscientists．Unavoidably，yourownideaswillbeshapedbytheideasyoucomeacross．(16)Thatmeansyoushouldgobeyondwhatyoulearninyourtextbooksorinthelibrary．Youroriginalworkisthebasisforyourprofessor'sevaluationofyourperformance．Thus，academichonestyisfundamentalinyouruniversityeducation．Itdemandsthatyoucitethesourcematerialsyoubaseyourownworkon．(17)．

Correctlycitingyoursourceshelpsyoudistinguishyourownideasfromthoseofotherscholars．Onthereaders'side，itpermitsareadertodeterminethedepthofyourresearch．(18)Onthecontrary，lackofcitingwillonlyraiseyourreader'sdoubt．

Soyouneedtolearnwhentociteandhowtoprovideanadequateoraccuratereferencelist．Ifyoufailtociteyoursources，whetherdeliberatelyorcarelessly，youwillbefoundresponsibleforplagiarism（抄袭）．(19)Ifyouarenotsure，askyourprofessorforguidancebeforesubmittingthepaperorreport．Keepinmindthisgeneralrule：whenindoubt，cite!

(20)Forexample，studentsfromEastAsiamaythinkthatcopyingdirectlyfromsourcesistheproperwaytodoresearch．StudentsinFrance，preparingforthefinalexamination，maybeencouragedtomemorizewholepassagesandcopythemintopapers．Thoseculturaldifferencescanleadtofalseassumptionsaboutacademicexpectationsinthecountryyoustudyin．

A．Someuniversitystudentsmaycheatindifferentways．

B．Theseincludeotherscholars'ideas，figures，graphsandsoon．

C．Theacademicchallengeyoufaceistomakesomethingoriginal．

D．Often，studentswanttouseothers'opinionstosupporttheirownessays．

E．Italsoallowsareadertoappreciateyouroriginalcontributiontotheresearch．

F．Forinternationalstudents，itisimportanttoknowlocalacademicexpectations．

G．Notknowingacademicregulationsisanunacceptableexcuseforsuchbehavior．16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Mycousinisnineyearsold，alittlebitfatanddoesn'tdoreallywellatschool.Sheisheavily（1）______，andthushasdevelopedsomeresistanceand（2）______towardsadults，whousuallydon'tputhighhopesinher.

Yesterdaywewenttoanartexhibitiontogether.Therewerepaintingsfromkidswithdisabilities.Mylittlegirlhasa（3）______eye，forthepaintingsshelikedmostwerealsothebestoftheshow.Shevoluntarilyhelpedto（4）______thechairsandtableforasharingsession，paintedbyherselfalongsidenewfriendswhileIattendedthesharing，andalso（5）______helpedmetogetmybagfromanotherroom，（6）______thatdoesn'thappenoftenathomeasshe'susuallygluedtoheriPad.

Intheafternoon，wewenttobuybookstogether.Iboughtabookwrittenbyamom（7）______herjourneywithherautistic（自闭的）son.Onthebusbackhome，Ibriefly（8）______thebooktomycousin，andtomysurpriseshewas（9）______interested.Shekeptaskingmetotellmorestoriesabouttheboyinthebookwho（10）______withsmallthingsinlife.Evenwhenthesubjectstrayed（偏离）elsewhere，sheinsistedonhearingmoreaboutthisboy.ThisisthefirsttimeI'veseenhersointerestedina（11）______Usuallywhenshetalkstomeshedescribeseventsatschoolandathomewithouta（12）______focus.I'mverytouchedthatthelifeofa（13）______hasfounditswayintothislittlegirl'sheart.

I'mverythankfulforthepowerofbooks，forthebeautythatmycousinrevealedtome，andforthetimewehadtogether.I（14）______thatIcankeepseeingclearlythewonderfulthingsinher，sothatwheneverthe（15）______worldputsherdown，Icanremindherhowtrulywonderfulshehasalwaysbeen.21.

A.abused B.adored C.challenged D.teased22.

A.satisfaction B.dependence C.distrust D.appreciation23.

A.curious B.blind C.doubtful D.sharp24.

A.donate B.rent C.arrange D.distribute25.

A.finally B.unwillingly C.cheerfully D.secretly26.

A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything27.

A.beginning B.advertising C.recording D.taking28.

A.sent B.lent C.owed D.introduced29.

A.nearly B.hardly C.slightly D.truly30.

A.struggles B.plays C.deals D.lives31.

A.painting B.journey C.topic D.title32.

A.simple B.clear C.natural D.controversial33.

A.relative B.stranger C.traveler D.passer-by34.

A.pray B.suspect C.agree D.conclude35.

A.know-it-all B.not-so-kind

C.on-the-go D.good-for-nothing四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.InChinacalligraphyoccupiesadistinguishedpositioninthefieldoftraditionalart.Itisnotonlyameansofcommunication，（1）______ameansofexpressingaperson'sinnerworldin（2）______aestheticway.

Ancientpeoplepaidgreatattention（3）______calligraphy.AcandidatecouldshowhisliterarytalentintheImperialExamination，forgoodhandwritinggaveafirst（4）______（impress）totheexaminers.

Topractisecalligraphy（5）______（require）thebasictoolsoffourtreasuresofstudy，writingbrush，inkstick，paper，andinkslabaswellasmuchconcentrationonguidingthesoftwritingbrushchargedwithfluidink，andwritingonthepaper（6）______theinkwilldiffuse（扩散）quickly.Oncethebrushmovementhesitates，ablackmarkiscreated，sospeed，aswellasstrength，istheessenceoffineartwork.When（7）______（write），manycalligrapherswillforgetallworriesandeven（8）______（them），combiningallthoughtsinthebeautyoftheirart.Thusitcan（9）______（compare）withQigong，whichalsocanshapeandimproveaperson'stemperandpromotewell-being.

Today，although（10）______（variety）modernwayshavebeensubstitutedfortheoriginalcalligraphy，peoplestilllovetheancientformandpractiseituntiringly.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假如你是校报的学生编辑李华，前几天美国贝瑞中学（BarrieSchool）前来你校进行中美文化交流的交换生们参加了"中国戏剧文化探索"的系列活动。请你写一封邮件，向他们征集感想文字和活动照片，内容包括：

（1）作品要求；

（2）提交方式；

注意：

（1）词数80左右；

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

（3）开头和结尾以为你写好。

DearBarrieSchoolExchangeStudentTeam，___________

LiHua，Studenteditoroftheschoolnewspaper38.SaraSavickremembersonespecialEasterwhenshewasnineyearsold.Herparentsgaveherababyducklinginayellowbasket.

"Momsaidlaterthatsheboughtthelittleduckbecauseshefeltsorryforit,"recalledSara.ThepeopleatthepetstorecoloredthefeatherspinkforEaster.SaranamedtheduckPinky.

Sara'smotherreallydidn'tthinkthebabyduckwouldsurviveverylong.Buttohersurprise,Pinkygrewandgotstrongerandstronger.Soon,thelittleducklingwasahealthy,hungryduckwithwhitefeathers.

"WefedPinkyoatmeal,cookedanduncooked,andsmallpiecesofvegetables,"saidSara.PinkylivedinsidethehousewithSaraandherfamily.ShespeciallyfanciedtakingbathswithSara.EveryonetreatedPinkyasafamilymember.

Butjustwheneverythingappearedtobeperfect,thenightofthe"talk"came.Sara'sMomandDadsatherdown,explainingthatthebestthingforPinkywastoliveanormalducklife,withotherducks.Itwasnotnaturalforduckstoliveindoorswithafamily,herfathertoldher.HeaddedPinkyneededtoswiminpondsanddoallthesamethingsthatducksinthewilddo.

Sarastartedtocry,knowingwhatwasgoingtohappen.Sara'sparentsdecidedtotakePinkytoapark,whichwastwomilesaway.Therewasapondwithalotofotherducks.PinkywouldhavethechancetoliveanaturallifeandSaracouldstillvisither.

Thebigdaycame.SaraandherparentsputPinkyinaboxanddrovetothepark.SarasaidthatPinkydidnotlookhappy；maybePinkywasconvincedthatshewasahuman,notaduck.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2．请按如下格式作答。

EveryonewassadwhentheyleftPinkyatthepond,evenSara'sfather.

Thenextmorning,whenlookingoutofthekitchenwindow,Saracouldn'tbelievehereyes！

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文Thirsk

Brick

Show部分中的关键句The

money

that

is

made

from

the

show

goes

to

an

aged

care

centre

in

the

town.（从节目中赚到的钱流向了镇上的一家老年护理中心。）推断出该活动中表演的收入帮助一家老年护理中心，由此可知利润用来帮助需要帮助的人的活动是Thirsk

Brick

Show's。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。由本文Hull

Brick

Festival部分中的关键句Cost：Free

entry；ticket

booking

is

recommended.（费用：免费入场；建议订票。）以及Place：Guildhall（地点：Guildhall），推断出该活动是免费但有售票的LEGO活动，在Guildhall举行。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。由本文第一段It's

that

time

of

year，again，somehow

time

for

the

list

of

UK

LEGO

events

of

this

year

2023.Here

is

a

rough

guide.（又到了一年中的那个时候，不知何故，是时候列出2023年英国乐高活动清单了。这是一个粗略的指南。）中的again推断出，英国LEGO活动以前举行过。故选A。

本文是一篇应用文。主要列举了2023年英国LEGO活动的情况。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

4~7.【答案】A、C、D、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段By

the

fourth

or

fifth

time，I

didn't

even

look

when

I

felt

something

bump

into

me.I

knew

what

it

was.（到第四次或第五次，有东西撞到我时，我甚至不去看了。我知道它是什么）可知，作者最后几次在房间遇到乌龟甚至都不去看，对此已经司空见惯，由此可推知，作者内心是"平静的"。故选A项。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中Until

roughly

the

middle

of

the

past

century，the

small

island

nation

showed

signs

of

real

environmental

killing—local

vegetation

—

cleared

to

make

way

for

coconut

plantations，foreign

rats

and

mice

running

uncontrolled，native

sea

turtles

and

giant

tortoises

being

exploited.（直到大约上世纪中期，这个小岛国才展示出环境杀戮的迹象为椰子种植园让路，当地的植被被清理，外来老鼠失控地满地跑，当地海龟和巨龟被开发）可知，是由于椰子种植园，当地的野生生物才遭受损失。故选C项。

（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Every

morning

when

I

woke

up

and

walked

outside

the

hut，I

had

to

remind

myself

that

I

hadn't

traveled

back

in

time.I

could

see

flightless

Aldabra

rails，coconut

crabs

the

size

of

dinner

plates，and

giant

tortoises

—

roughly

four

feet

long

and

weighing

up

to

550

pounds

—

just

wandering

around.The

number

of

sharks

in

the

bay

was

crazy.Frigatebirds

and

boobies

（鲣鸟）

nested

in

the

mangroves

（a

kind

of

tree）.When

we

left

our

hut

doors

open，which

we

often

did

to

let

in

air，the

tortoises

would

walk

right

through.（每天早晨，当我醒来走出小屋时，我不得不提醒自己，我并没有回到过去。我可以看到不会飞的阿尔达布拉秧鸡，餐盘大小的椰子蟹，还有大约四英尺长，重达550磅的巨型陆龟，它们四处游荡。海湾里鲨鱼的数量多得惊人。军舰鸟和鲣鸟在红树林（一种树）筑巢。当我们把茅屋的门打开时（我们经常这样做是为了让空气进来），乌龟就会直接进来）可推知，本段主要是为了展示岛上野生生物的多样性。故选D项。

（4）标题归纳题。根据文章内容尤其是最后一句Yet

living

among

the

tortoises

in

this

primordial

place，in

one

of

the

last

spots

where

reptiles

still

rule，was

one

of

the

happiest

times

of

my

life.（然而，在这个原始的地方，在爬行动物仍然统治的最后一个地方之一，与乌龟生活在一起是我一生中最快乐的时光之一）可知，文章主要讲述了作者在印度洋Aldabra群岛上与海龟共同度过的快乐时光，Aldabra群岛是被爬行动物占领的原始地方之一，所以C项"海龟统治孤立的岛屿"适合作本文标题。A．Island

fills

with

curious

tourists.岛上挤满了好奇的游客；B．Aldabra

calls

for

wildlife

protection.阿尔达布拉呼吁保护野生动物；C．Tortoises

rule

on

this

isolated

island

again.乌龟再次统治了这个孤岛；D．Efforts

are

made

to

protect

the

environment.人们努力保护环境。故选C项。

这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在印度洋群岛上，与海龟共同度过的快乐时光。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地D理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

8~11.【答案】C、D、B、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中The

study

examined

how

language

use

and

development

in

2-

and

3-year-old

children

was

influenced

by

what

they

heard

from

their

teachers

and

their

peers.（这项研究测试了2岁和3岁儿童的语言使用和发展是如何受到老师和同龄人所说的话的影响的）可推知，这项研究测试的是在幼儿园环境里与老师和同学的交流对幼儿语言的使用和发展的影响，所以C项"幼儿园交流对幼儿的影响"是研究的重点。故选C项。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段第一句

"Previous

research

on

language

development

looked

mostly

at

the

role

of

parent-child

communication

within

a

home

setting

or

a

lab

environment，which

means

we're

missing

a

big

part

of

a

child's

everyday

life

—

the

classroom，"

said

Perry.（"以前关于语言发展的研究大多着眼于家庭环境或实验室环境中亲子沟通的影响，这意味研究者错过了孩子日常生活的很大一部分环境课堂"Perry说）和第三段中Using

a

device

（设备）

called

a

Language

Environment

Analysis

（LENA）

recorder，Perry

collected

hundreds

of

hours

of

audio

recordings.

（佩里使用一种叫做"语言环境分析记录器"的设备，收集了数百小时的音频录音）可知，这项研究主要是通过录下孩子们在课堂上所说的话这一方式进行的。故选D项。

（3）词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句中的the

speech

children

heard

from

other

children

was

positively

related

to

their

own

language

use（孩子们从其他孩子那里听到的语言与他们自己的语言使用呈正相关）可知，研究了音频数据后，Perry发现孩子们从其他孩子那里听到的话语与他们自己的语言使用呈正相关，结合第一段中的examined

child

speech

communications（测试孩子的语言交流）和划线词所在句中的heard可知，这项研究主要是关于孩子的语言交流能力，由此可推知，此处应指从同龄人那里听到最多话语的孩子，能学习到的新词更多，也会说得更多，故vocalize意为"说话"。A．Listen.听；B．Speak.说话；C．Read.读书；D．Write.写。故选B项。

（4）推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句Additionally，there

was

a

positive

association

between

a

teacher

talking

and

children's

language

use

and

development

—

but

only

when

that

teacher

talked

to

the

child

in

a

back-and-forth

conversation，rather

than

just

talking

to

the

child

with

no

opportunity

for

the

child

to

respond.（此外，教师的交谈与儿童的语言使用和发展之间存在着积极的联系但只有当教师与孩子进行来回交谈时，而不是只与孩子交谈，孩子没有机会回应时才会这样）"和最后一段的"back-and-forth

conversation

with

the

child

is

very

beneficial.We

talked

to

the

teachers

about

the

results，and

they

are

very

excited

about

this

finding

and

currently

brainstorming

additional

opportunities

to

have

conversations

with

children（与孩子的来回对话是非常有益的。我们与老师讨论了结果，他们对这一发现非常兴奋，目前正在集思广益，寻找更多与孩子对话的机会）推知，为了发展孩子的语言能力，教师应反复鼓励孩子多说话，并与他们互动。A．Have

more

back

-and-

forth

conversations

with

children.与孩子进行更多的交流；B．Encourage

children

to

listen

more

to

their

own

speech.鼓励孩子多听自己的讲话；C．Inform

parents

of

the

importance

of

conversational

turns.告知父母对话的重要性；D．Add

more

brainstorming

activities

to

their

daily

teaching.在他们的日常教学中加入更多的头脑风暴活动。故选A项。

这是一篇说明文。文章指出儿童早期的语言发展对他们将来的读写技能以及社会和情感发展具有重要的作用。一项研究表明，教室内的语言交流有助于学龄前儿童语言能力的发展。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地D理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

12~15.【答案】B、B、C、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Do

you

crave

chips，pizza，donuts，or

cake？These

kinds

of

foods

are

high

in

sugar

and

fats，which

make

them

delicious

but

not

nutritious.A

recent

analysis

suggests

that

certain

ingredients

in

these

types

of

processed

foods

can

be

addictive.

（你想吃薯片、披萨、甜甜圈还是蛋糕？这类食物含糖量高，脂肪含量高，所以味道鲜美，但营养不良。最近的一项分析表明，这些类型的加工食品中的某些成分可能会上瘾。）和最后一段Cookies，candy，soda，fries

and

other

highly

processed

foods

lack

those

additional

nutrients.Such

foods

contain

ingredients

that

have

been

highly

changed

from

their

natural

state.They're

chock

full

of

easy-to-absorb

carbohydrates

and

added

fats.What's

more，they

often

contain

ingredients

that

don't

naturally

occur

together.When

we

eat

these

foods，we

get

a

quick

"hit"

of

carbs

and

fats

that

give

the

brain

a

boost.That

makes

us

want

to

eat

them

again

and

again.

（饼干、糖果、苏打水、薯条和其他高度加工的食品缺乏这些额外的营养。这些食物所含的成分与它们的自然状态有很大的不同。它们富含易于吸收的碳水化合物和添加的脂肪。更重要的是，它们通常含有不自然发生在一起的成分。当我们吃这些食物时，我们会很快"摄入"碳水化合物和脂肪，从而增强大脑。这让我们一次又一次地想吃它们。）可知，饼干和蛋糕会让人上瘾。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段"We're

designed

to

find

carbohydrates（碳水化合物）

and

fats，"

says

Ashley

Gearhardt，a

psychologist

at

the

University

of

Michigan

in

Ann

Arbor.Ev