英语新外研选修七讲义MODULE3SECTIONⅠINTRODUCTIONREADING-PREREADING

OliverTwistisayoungmother,notknowntoanyoneinthetown,diedrightaftergivingbirthtohim,andhewassenttotheheturnednine,hewassenttotheday,Oliveraskedformore,soMrBumblesenthimtoanundertaker(殡仪员)．Itwasnotgreatthereeither,andOliverranaway.OliverwalkedtowardsLondon,wherehemetaboynamedJackintroducedOlivertoFagin,whotrainedkidstobeday,OliverwentoutwithJackandaboynamedCharleyersawthemstealthehandkerchiefofMrwasarrestedfortheftbyMrBrownlow,thebooksellerprovedOliverwaslastMrBrownlowtookOliverhome.Later,FaginorderedhisloverNancytotakeOliverbackandshewasforcedtobreakintoahouseandstealthingswithBillSikes,butOliverwasescaped,leavingOliverhadtogobacktothehouse,wherethekindowner,MrsMaylie,andhernieceRose,decidedtoprotecthim.AfterOliverrecovered,theyplannedtotakehimtoseeMrBrownlow,butOliverwasnowheretobe,FaginandhispartnerMonksdidn'tgiveupfinding,overhearing(偷听)FaginandMonks'conversation,wenttoRosetotellherthatMonkswasOliver'shalf­brother,whohadbeentryingtogetOliver'sinheritance(遗产)．RoseandMrBrownlowdecidedtofindMonksandtheymetNancyagainonLondonBridge,butNancywasfollowedbyNoah,aboysentbyreportedeverythingtoFagFagintoldthattokilled,MrBrownlowfoundMonkswhoadmittedeverythingthathehadwasontherun,andaccidentallyhunghimselfinfallingoffawas,MrBrownlow,andtheMayliesendeduplivingapeacefullife.SectionⅠIntroduction&Reading—Pre­reading[原文呈现][读文清障]OliverAsksforMoreTheroom①inwhichtheboyswerefed②wasalargestonehall,withalargepot③atoneend④.Thewarden⑤，helpedbytwowomen⑥，served⑦thesoupfromthispotatmealtimes.Eachboywasallowedonebowlofsoupandnomore,exceptonspecialholidayswhenhewasgivenanother60gramsofbread⑧.Thebowlsneverneededwashing⑨，astheboyscleanedthemwiththeirspoons,tryingtoeateverybitof⑩soup⑪.Thisnevertookverylong,asthespoonswerealmostaslargeasthebowls.Whentheyhadcleanedtheirbowlsinthisway⑫，theywouldsitstaringat⑬thepotwitheager⑭eyes⑮，asiftheywantedtoeatit.Boysusuallyhaveexcellentappetites⑯.OliverTwistandhispanions⑰slowlystarvedforthreemonthsuntilfinally,theybecamequitewildwithhunger⑱.①inwhich为“介词＋关系代词〞结构，inwhichtheboyswerefed是定语从句，修饰先行词theroom。②feed/fiːd/v.喂养；为……供应食品③pot/pɒt/n.锅④withalargepotatoneend是with复合结构。⑤warden/'wɔːdn/n.管理员⑥过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰thewarden。⑦serve/sɜːv/v.端上(饭菜等)⑧when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词holidays。⑨needwashing需要洗该结构中用主动形式表达被动含义，还可表达为needtobewashed。⑩everybitof每一点abitof...一点儿……⑪astheboyscleanedthemwiththeirspoons是缘由状语从句，其中tryingtoeateverybitofsoup作cleaned的伴随状语。⑫inthisway用这种方式同义词组：bythismeans/withthismethod⑬stareat凝视着，盯着gazeat瞪着，怒目而视⑭eager/'iːɡə/adj.热切的，渴望的beeagerfor...渴望……beeagertodo⑮现在分词短语staringatthe...作状语，表示伴随。⑯appetite/'æpəˌtaIt/n.胃口；食欲⑰panionn．伙伴，同伴⑱beewildwithhunger饿得发疯其中bee为连系动词，wild作表语，而with在此表示缘由。奥利弗还要更多[第1段译文]男孩们进食的场所是一间宽敞的大石厅，一口大锅放在大厅的一头。开饭的时候，管理员从锅里舀汤，有两个女人给他打杂。每个男孩只可分得一碗汤，决不多给，除非逢特殊的节日，才可以再分到60克面包。粥碗从来用不着洗，孩子们非用汤匙把碗刮得重又明光铮亮了才住手，试图吃掉每一点粥。这确定花不了很长时间，由于汤匙几乎就有碗那般大了。他们这样把碗刮洁净以后，就坐在那儿，眼巴巴地瞅着汤锅，好像要把它也吞进肚子里。男孩们的胃口通常都很好。三个月以来，奥利弗·特威斯特和同伴们一起忍受着慢性饥饿的煎熬，到后来饿得都快发疯了。Therewasoneboywhowastallforhisage,andwasnotusedto⑲beinghungryallthetime⑳，ashisfatherhadkepteq\o(○,\s\up1(21))asmallcookshopeq\o(○,\s\up1(22)).Thisboytoldhisfriendsthathehadtohaveanotherbowlofsoupeachday.Ifhedidnoteq\o(○,\s\up1(23))，hewasafraidthatonenighthemighteatthesmallyoungboywhosleptnexttoeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))himeq\o(○,\s\up1(25)).Thetallboyhadawild,hungrylookeq\o(○,\s\up1(26))inhiseyeandeveryonebelievedhim.Theboyshadameeting.Theydecidedthatoneofthemshouldwalkuptoeq\o(○,\s\up1(27))thewardenaftersupperthateveningandaskforeq\o(○,\s\up1(28))morefood.Theywrotetheirnamesonpiecesofpaperandpickedoneouteq\o(○,\s\up1(29)).ItwasOliverTwistwhowaschosen.eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))Theeveningarrivedandtheboyswenttotheirplaces.Thewardenstoodbyeq\o(○,\s\up1(31))thepotwithhisassistantsinalinebehindhimeq\o(○,\s\up1(32)).Thesoupwasservedanddisappeareddowntheboy'sthroatseq\o(○,\s\up1(33)).Theboyswhisperedeq\o(○,\s\up1(34))toeachother,andthosenexttoOlivernudgedeq\o(○,\s\up1(35))him.Oliver,whowasdesperateeq\o(○,\s\up1(36))withhungerandmiseryeq\o(○,\s\up1(37))，rosefromthetableandwalkedtowardsthemasterwithhisbowlandspooninhishand.Frightenedbyhisowncourageeq\o(○,\s\up1(38))，hesaid,“Pleasesir,Iwantsomemore.〞⑲be(not)usedtodoingsth.(不)习惯于做某事⑳allthetime始终，总是eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))keep此处表示“经营〞，相当于run。eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))whowastall...allthetime是限制性定语从句；ashisfatherhadkeptasmallcookshop是缘由状语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))Ifhedidnot是条件状语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))nextto(＝closeto)靠近，接近eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))whosleptnexttohim是定语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))lookn．表情，外貌eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))walkupto向……走去eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))askfor要求，恳求eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))pickout选择；认出pickup(开车)去接；收听；(不经意)学会；好转eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))Itwas...who...为强调句式。eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))standby站在……的旁边；支持eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))此处为“with＋宾语＋介词短语〞构成的with复合结构，inaline(排)成一排eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))downone'sthroat向下通过某人的喉咙eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))whisper/'wIspə/v.低声地说；耳语eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))nudge/nʌdʒ/v.推开eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))desperate/'desprət/adj.无望的bedesperatefor渴望得到bedesperatetodoeq\o(○,\s\up1(37))miseryn．苦难；苦痛eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))Frightenedbyhisowncourage作状语，意为“被自己的大胆吓了一跳〞。[第2～3段译文]其中有个男孩子，个子较同龄人高，而且不习惯总这么挨饿，由于他父亲开过一家小饭馆。他跟伴侣们说他每天必需多喝一碗汤，否那么难保哪天晚上他就会把睡在他身边的那个小男孩吃掉。那个高个子男孩儿眼睛里闪动着一副野性的饥饿目光，孩子们都信以为真。男孩们开了一个会，打算在当天黄昏吃过晚饭后，他们中的一个要到管理员那里去再要一些食物。他们将名字写在纸条上，抽出一张。奥利弗·特威斯特被抽中了。夜晚来临，男孩子们来到了各自的位子上。管理员站在锅边，打下手的人排成一行站在他的身后。汤一分给孩子们，就被一扫而光了。孩子们交头接耳，那些坐在奥利弗旁边的孩子用胳膊肘推他。奥利弗已经被饥饿与苦难逼得什么都顾不上了，他从桌边站起来，手里拿着碗和汤匙，朝管理员走去。被自己的大胆吓了一跳，他说：“求你了，先生，我还想要一点。〞Thewardenwasafat,healthyeq\o(○,\s\up1(39))man,buthisfacebecameverypaleeq\o(○,\s\up1(40)).Hestaredinpleteastonishmenteq\o(○,\s\up1(41))atthechildandheldontoeq\o(○,\s\up1(42))thepotforsupporteq\o(○,\s\up1(43)).Notuntilatleasteq\o(○,\s\up1(44))thirtysecondshadpassed,wasthemanabletospeakeq\o(○,\s\up1(45)).“What？〞hesaidfinally,inaweakvoiceeq\o(○,\s\up1(46)).“Please,sir，〞repliedOliver,“Iwantsomemore.〞Nosoonerhadtheboyspokenthesewordsthaneq\o(○,\s\up1(47))thewardenhithimontheheadeq\o(○,\s\up1(48))withthesoupspooneq\o(○,\s\up1(49)).Thenheseizedeq\o(○,\s\up1(50))Oliver'sarmsandheldhim,whileheshoutedforMrBumble.Themanagersoftheworkhouseeq\o(○,\s\up1(51))werehavingameetingwhenMrBumblerushedintoeq\o(○,\s\up1(52))theroomingreatexcitementeq\o(○,\s\up1(53)).Speakingtotheleaderofthemeetingeq\o(○,\s\up1(54))，hesaid,“MrLimbkins,Iamsorry,sir!OliverTwisthasaskedformore！〞eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))healthy/'helθi/adj.健康的eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))paleadj.苍白的eq\o(○,\s\up1(41))inastonishment惊异地，惊讶地eq\o(○,\s\up1(42))holdonto抓着eq\o(○,\s\up1(43))support/sə'pɔːt/n.支撑物eq\o(○,\s\up1(44))atleast(＝attheleast)至少eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))Notuntilatleastthirty...wasthemanabletospeak.是倒装句。notuntil位于句首，主句用局部倒装语序。eq\o(○,\s\up1(46))ina...voice用……声音(说)，……声地eq\o(○,\s\up1(47))nosooner...than...刚一……就……eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))hitsb.onthehead打某人的头eq\o(○,\s\up1(49))nosooner...than...句式中，nosooner置于句首时，该句用局部倒装。要留意原句的时态。eq\o(○,\s\up1(50))seize/siːz/v.抓住seizesb.bythearm抓住某人的胳膊eq\o(○,\s\up1(51))bedoing...when...正在做某事，就在那时(又发生了另一件事)。eq\o(○,\s\up1(52))rushinto冲进去eq\o(○,\s\up1(53))ingreatexcitement(心情)特别冲动eq\o(○,\s\up1(54))现在分词短语Speakingtotheleaderofthemeeting作状语。[第4～7段译文]管理员是个健壮的胖子，但他的脸一下子变白了。他瞪着这个孩子，完全惊呆了，手抓着锅以求站稳。至少过了30秒钟，他才说出话来。“什么？〞管理员最终开了口，声音有气无力。“先生，求求你了，我还想要一些。〞奥利弗答道。孩子的话刚出口，傅就操起勺子狠狠地敲他的脑袋。然后他抓住奥利弗的胳膊不放，尖声高呼着本伯先生。济贫院的理事们正在开会，本伯先生冲进房间，心情特别冲动。他对主持会议的人说：“林勃金斯先生，请您原谅！奥利弗·特威斯特还要更多！〞Thefacesofeveryoneintheroomshowedpleteastonishment.“Formore！〞saidMrLimbkins.“Thinkcarefully,MrBumble,andanswermeclearlyeq\o(○,\s\up1(55)).DoIunderstandthatheaskedformoreeq\o(○,\s\up1(56))，afterhehadeatenhisbowlofsoup？〞“Hedid,sir，〞repliedBumble.“NeverhaveIheardanythinglikeit！eq\o(○,\s\up1(57))〞saidMrLimbkins.“They'llhangeq\o(○,\s\up1(58))thatboy，〞saidagentlemaninawhitejacket.“Iknowthatthey'llhanghimeq\o(○,\s\up1(59)).〞Nobodydisagreedwitheq\o(○,\s\up1(60))thegentleman'sopinion.Alivelydiscussiontookplaceeq\o(○,\s\up1(61)).Oliverwasimmediatelylockedeq\o(○,\s\up1(62))inaroom.Thenextmorninganoticewasputupeq\o(○,\s\up1(63))onthedooroftheworkhouseeq\o(○,\s\up1(64))，offeringarewardeq\o(○,\s\up1(65))toanybodywhowouldemployOliverTwisteq\o(○,\s\up1(66)).“Ineverwasmoresureofanythinginmylife，〞saidthegentlemaninthewhitejacket,asheknockedatthedoorandreadthenoticethenextmorning.“Ineverwasmoresureofeq\o(○,\s\up1(67))anythinginmylife—thatboywillbehanged.〞eq\o(○,\s\up1(55))此处为and连接两个并列的祈使句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(56))thatheaskedformore是宾语从句，作understand的宾语。eq\o(○,\s\up1(57))NeverhaveIheardanythinglikeit！是倒装句。never位于句首引起局部倒装。never在此为否认副词，引起倒装时，往往借助于相应的助动词。eq\o(○,\s\up1(58))hang/hæŋ/v.(hanged,hanged)绞死；吊死hangv．(hung,hung)悬挂eq\o(○,\s\up1(59))thatthey'llhanghim是宾语从句，作know的宾语。eq\o(○,\s\up1(60))disagreewith不同意eq\o(○,\s\up1(61))takeplace发生；进行该短语无被动语态和进行时态。eq\o(○,\s\up1(62))lock/lɒk/v.用锁锁(起来)eq\o(○,\s\up1(63))putup此处指“张贴〞布告。eq\o(○,\s\up1(64))workhouse/'wɜːkˌhaʊs/n.(英国从前的)济贫院；贫民习艺所eq\o(○,\s\up1(65))reward/rI'wɔːd/n.答谢；奖赏；赏金eq\o(○,\s\up1(66))offeringarewardtoanybody...为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰notice。该状语中又包含了定语从句whowouldemployOliverTwist。eq\o(○,\s\up1(67))besureof有把握，确信becertainof确信……[第8～13段译文]在房间里开会的全部人个个脸上都露出大为惊异的神色。“还要更多！〞林勃金斯先生说。“认真想想，本伯先生，清晰地答复我的话。我该没有听错，你是说他喝了他的那碗汤以后还要更多？〞“是这样的，先生，〞本伯答复道。“我还从来没听过这样的事呢！〞林勃金斯先生说道。“他们会把那个男孩子吊死，〞一个穿着白色夹克的绅士说道，“我知道他们会把他吊死。〞对这位绅士的观点，谁也没有反对。理事会进行了一番剧烈的争论。奥利弗立即被关进一个房间里。其次天早晨，济贫院门外贴出了一张告示，向情愿雇用奥利弗·特威斯特的人供应奖赏。“这辈子我还从没有对什么事情这么确定过呢。〞其次天早晨，那个穿着白夹克的绅士一边敲门，一边扫瞄着这张告示说道，“这辈子我还从没有对什么事情这么确定过——那个孩子肯定会被吊死。〞Pre­readingPleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．scene A．veryinterestedandexcitedbyisgoingtohappen2．feed B．talkorsayorsecretly3．serve C．takeholdof(sth.)suddenlyandviolently4．whisper D．feelinggreatdespairandreadytodoanythingregardlessofdanger5．desperate E．orreceivedinreturnforworkorservice6．seize F．togivefoodto;toprovidefoodfor7．reward G．toprovide(guests,customers,etc.)withfood,drinks,etc.8．eager H．asetofcontinuousactioninplays,films,etc.1～56～8答案：1～5HFGBD6～8CEALead­inDoyouknowthenovelist?Canyoutellusanynovelswrittenbyhim?参考答案：ThenovelistisCharlesDickens.HisnovelsareOliverTwist,GreatExpectations,AtaleofTwocities,etc.While­readingFast­reading(Ⅰ)Readthetextquicklyandmatchthemainideawitheachpart.1．Part1(Para.1) A．Oliverwaschosentoaskformorefood.2．Part2(Para.2－3) B．Alltheboysintheworkhousewerehungry.3．Part3(Para.4－13) C．Oliverwashitandlocked.1～3答案：1～3BAC(Ⅱ)Skimthetextandputthesentencesinthecorrectorder.A．Everyoneatthemeetingagreedwiththegentleman'sopinionofhangingOliverTwist.B．OliverTwistwaschosentoaskformorefood.C．Thewardenstoodbythepotwithhisassistantsinalinebehindhim.D．ThewardenwastoosurprisedtospeakforatleastthirtysecondsafterhearingOliverTwist'swords.答案：B－C－D－ACareful­readingReadthetextagainandchoosethebestanswers.1．Thispassageismainlyabout.A．Oliver'shappylifeB．Oliverandhispanions'satisfyinglifeC．Oliverandhispanions'terriblelifeD．Oliver'sstudyexperience2．Whoservedthesoupfromthepotatmealtimes?A．Onlythewarden.B．Amanwhokeptasmallcookshop.C．Thewardenandtwootherwomen.D．Agentlemaninawhitejacket.3．Theboysthereneverwashedtheirbowlsbecause.A．theyclearedtheirbowlswiththeirspoonsinordertoeateverybitofsoupB．theyweresolazythattheydidn'twanttodoitC．therewasnotanywaterinthelargestonehallD．theirparentswouldhelpthemwashthebowls4．Whydidtheboystherehaveameetingbeforesupper?A．Becauseallofthemwerenotusedtobeinghungryallthetime.B．Becausealltheboyshadexcellentappetites.C．Becausealltheboyswantedtousesmallerspoons.D．Becausetheywantedtochooseoneboytoaskthewardenformorefood.5．WhatdidthemanagersdotopunishOliver?A．Theylethimstanddayandnight.B．Theylockedhiminaroom.C．Theylethimdoalotofhomework.D．Theyforbadehimtoeatanything.答案：1～5CCADBStudy­readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．Hedescribedlifeinthemiddleofthe19thcentury,aperiodthatisnowcalledVictorian,asitiswhenQueenVictoriaruledBritain.[句式分析]此句是一个复合句，主句中的aperiodthatisnowcalledVictorian是同位语，解释说明前面的themiddleofthe19thcentury;thatisnowcalledVictorian为定语从句；as引导的是缘由状语从句，系动词is后接when引导的表语从句。[尝试翻译]他描述了19世纪中期的生活，当时英国正处在维多利亚女皇的统治下，现在也称这个时期为维多利亚时期。2．Oliver,whowasdesperatewithhungerandmisery,rosefromthetableandwalkedtowardsthemasterwithhisbowlandspooninhishand.[句式分析]eq\f(Oliver，,主语)eq\f(whowasdesperatewithhungerandmisery，,who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Oliver)eq\f(rosefromthetableandwalkedtowardsthemaster,and连接两个并列的动词短语作谓语)eq\f(withhisbowlandspooninhishand.,with复合结构作伴随状语)[尝试翻译]奥利弗已经被饥饿与苦难逼得什么都顾不上了，他从桌边站起来，手里拿着碗和汤匙，朝管理员走去。3．Thenextmorninganoticewasputuponthedooroftheworkhouse,offeringarewardtoanybodywhowouldemployOliverTwist.[句式分析]本句是一个复合句，主句主语是anotice，谓语是wasputuponthedooroftheworkhouse；offeringarewardtoanybodywhowouldemployOliverTwist为现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随状况，而且里面含有who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词anybody。[尝试翻译]其次天早晨，济贫院门外贴出了一张告示，向情愿雇用奥利弗·特威斯特的人供应奖赏。Ⅰ.阅读理解AWaltDisneyiscreditedforcreatingsuchwonderfulthingsasDonaldDuckandMickeyMouse.However,hecannottakethecreditforcreatingotherwell­lovedcharacters,suchasCinderellaandSnowWhite.TheyarealmostautomaticallyassociatedwithDisneybecauseDisneyturnedoldfables(寓言)intocartoonmovies.TheoriginalCinderellavariesverymuchfromtheDisneyversionweknowtoday.Itstartedoffwiththegirlmourninghermother'sdeathandgoingtohertombthreetimesaday.Inaddition,therewereonlybirdsthathelpedCinderella;therewasnosuchthingasafairygodmotherorhelpfulmice,norwastherementionofahorseandcarriage.Thestepsisterswerecruel:theyalwaysthrewCinderella'sfoodintotheashesofthefire,andmadehersleepontheashesonthefloor,hence(因此，由此)hername.Intheoriginalstory,theking'sballactuallylastedforthreedays.Withthehelpofthebirds,thegirl,beautifullydressed,dancedwiththeprinceonallthreenightsandtheprincefellinlovewithher.However,shebrokeawayfromhimtorushbackhomeeachnight.Onthelastnight,theprinceplacedsomethingstickyonthestairs;asCinderellamadeherescape,ashoegotstuckonit.Herenowiswherethestorybeesunpleasant:whentheprincewenttothehouselookingforthegirlwhosefootfittheshoe,thewicked(邪恶的)stepmothertoldoneofhertwodaughterstocutoffherbigtoetofitintotheshoe.Thedaughterdidastold.Sotheprincetookherawaytobehisbride.But,whentheypassedthetombofCinderella'smother,thebirdscalledouttotheprince，“Turnandpeep,there'sbloodwithintheshoe；Theshoeistoosmall,thetruebridewaitsforyou.〞Realizinghehadbeentricked,theprincereturnedthedaughtertohermother;theotherthenhadtocutoffpartofherheelinordertofitintotheshoe,withthesameresult.OnlyCinderella'sfootfitperfectlyandsotheprincechosetomarryher.Thestoryendswiththeweddingday:asCinderella'stwostepsistersfollowedher,pretendingtobedevotedtohersothattheycouldenjoytheking'sriches,twobirdsflewbyandplucked(啄)outtheireyes.Becauseoftheirwickednessandfalsehood,theyhadtospendtherestoftheirdaysblind.TheoriginalCinderellaissodifferentfromtheDisneyversion.ThankgoodnessDisneymadesuchchanges;itindeedwasawisemove.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。迪士尼的卡通人物“灰姑娘〞的故事几乎是家喻户晓，但你知道最初的灰姑娘的故事吗？大家赶快读文章，从中寻求一个不同的“灰姑娘〞吧。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They〞inthefirstparagraphreferto?A．Suchwonderfulthings.B．Otherwell­lovedcharacters.C．Oldfables.D．Cartoonmovies.解析：选B代词指代题。依据画线单词所在句的前一句“However,hecannottakethecreditforcreatingotherwell­lovedcharacters...〞可以得出答案。2．HowdidCinderellagethername?A．Thebirdscameupwithit.B．ItwasgivenbyDisney.C．Itcamefromtheword“ash〞．D．Shegotitfromhermother.解析：选C细节理解题。依据第三段中可知，“灰姑娘〞这个名字是从单词ash得出的。A项“鸟儿们想出的〞，B项“迪士尼给的〞，D项“她从她妈妈那里得到的〞，都与原文的内容不符。3．Themoraloftheoriginalstoryisthat.A．awickedpersoncannotescapepunishmentB．adevotedpersoncertainlydeservesrespectC．awell­behavedchildearnsagreatrewardD．adishonestchildcannotgetmotherlove解析：选A推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中的冒名顶替的两个姐姐都被王子发觉了，且小鸟把她们的眼睛啄瞎了可知，她们为自己的行为付出了代价，因此本文的寓意是“邪恶的人逃脱不了惩处〞，所以选择A项。4．WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheDisneyversion?A．Excellent. B．Ordinary.C．Dull. D．Ridiculous.解析：选A推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“ThankgoodnessDisneymadesuchchanges;itindeedwasawisemove.〞尤其是“Thankgoodness〞以及“awisemove〞可知，作者对迪士尼版本的灰姑娘比拟认可，因此选A项“极好的，优秀的〞。BCaptainRalphCreweisawealthyEnglishman,whohaslosthiswifeandliveswithhisyoungdaughtersendsSaratoMissMinchin'sboardingschoolforgirlsinLondon,inordertoprepareherforafuturelifeinpaysforherspecialtreatmentattheschool,suchasherownroomwithgreatthings,herownmaid,andherownheadteacher,MissMinchin,secretlydislikesSara,butshehideshertruefeelingsandpubliclyfawnsover(奉承)Sarabecauseherfatherissolivingarichlife,Saraisconsideredquiet,well­manneredandkindbymostgainsthereputationofbeinglikea“princess〞．Aftersometime,alargepartyisthrownforSara'sbirthdayatMissMinchin'sboardingschool,whichisattendedbyallherfriendsandasitends,MissMinchinlearnsofCaptainCrewe'sunfortunatefriendtalkedCaptainCreweintodevelopingdiamondmineswithminesfailedandSaraisleftwithnoMinchinisleftwithalotofunpaidbillsforSara'sschoolfeesandluxuries(浪费品),includingherbirthday,MissMinchintakesawayallofSara'spossessions,makesherliveinacoldlittledarkroom,andforceshertoearnherlivingbyworkingasaservant.Forthenextseveralyears,SaraistreatedbadlybyMissMinchinandtheothershelivesahardlife,Sararemainsoptimisticandwillgivebreadtothepoorgirlonthestreet,thoughsheisalsoveryhungryherself.Meanwhile,andhisIndianassistantmoveintothehousenextdoortoMissMinchin'swasCaptainCrewe'sfriendandpartnerinthediamonditturnedout,thediamondminesdidnot,ithasmadeextremelyisdeterminedtofindCrewe'sdaughter,althoughhedoesnotknowwheresheisthinkssheisattendingschoolinFranceorMoscow.Doyouwanttoknowwhathappensnext？ThenfindacopyofALittlePrincessbyFrancesHodgsonBurnettandenjoyit.语篇解读：?小公主?是弗朗西斯·霍奇森·伯内特的代表作，本文向我们介绍了这个故事的局部内容。5．AccordingtoParagraph1,whatdomostpeopleattheschoolthinkofSara?A．Theyspeakhighlyofher.B．Theypraiseherinsincerely.C．They'reafraidofhersometimes.D．Theydislikeherbecauseshe'sunkind.解析：选A推理推断题。依据第一段最终两句可知，萨拉在学校时，身边大局部的人对她评价都很高。6．WhatkindofpersonisMissMinchin?A．Insincereandcruel.B．Kindandconsiderate.C．Devotedandhonest.D．Greedyandstrict.解析：选A推理推断题。依据第一段“Theheadteacher,MissMinchin,secretly...becauseherfatherissorich.〞以及其次段“Angrily,MissMinchintakesaway...asaservant.〞可知，MissMinchin是一个虚伪且残忍的人。7．Bymentioningthepoorgirlonthestreet,theauthorwantstoshowusthatSara.A．hasmanyfriendstohelpherB．remainsoptimisticallthetimeC．remainskind­heartedtoothersD．knowswhatbeingpoorislike解析：选C细节理解题。依据第三段的“Sararemainsoptimisticandkind...hungryherself〞可知，作者提到在街上乞讨的小女孩是要说明萨拉始终很和善。8．Whydidbeerich?A．Becausehewasgoodatdoingbusiness.B．BecauseCaptainCrewehelpedhimalot.C．BecausehetookawayCaptainCrewe'smoney.D．Becausethediamondmineswereactuallyagreatsuccess.解析：选D细节理解题。依据第四段的“Asitturnedout,thediamondminesdidnotfail.Instead,ithasmadeMr.Carrisfordextremelyrich.〞可知，那些钻石矿很胜利，这使Mr.Carrisford发了大财。CShakespeare,moreperhapsthananyotherwriter,madefulluseofthegreatestresourcesoftheEnglishLanguage.MostofususeaboutfivethousandwordsinournormalemploymentofEnglish;Shakespeareinhisworksusedabouttwenty­fivethousand!ThereisprobablynobetterwayforaforeignertoappreciatetherichnessandvarietyoftheEnglishlanguagethanbystudyingthevariouswaysinwhichShakespeareusesit.Suchastudyiswellworththeeffort,eventhoughsomeaspectsofEnglishusage,andthemeaningofmanywords,havechangedsinceShakespeare'sday.However,itissurprisingthatweshouldknowparatively(相对地)littleaboutthelifeofthegreatestEnglishauthor.WeknowthatShakespearewasbornin1564inStratford­on­Avon,andthathediedthereinalmostcertainlyattendedthegrammarschoolinthetown,butofthiswecannotbesure.Weknowthathewasmarriedtherein1582toAnneHathawayandthathehadthreechildren.WeknowthathespentmuchofhislifeinLondonwritinghismasterpieces.ButthisisalmostallthatwedoHowever,whatisimportantaboutShakespeare'slifeisnotitsdetailsbutitsproducts,theplaysandthepoems.FormanyyearsscholarshavebeentryingtoaddafewfactsaboutShakespeare'slifetothesmallnumberwealreadypossessandforanequallylongtimecritics(批判)havebeentheorizing(理论化)abouttheplays.Sometimes,indeed,itseemsthatthepoetryofShakespearewilldisappearunderthegreatmassofmentthathasbeenwrittenuponit.Fortunately,thisisnotlikelytohappen.Shakespeare'speoplehavelongdelightednotjusttheEnglishbutloversofliteratureeverywhere,andwillcontinuetodosoafterthescholarsandcriticsandalltheirworkshavebeenforgotten.语篇解读：本文介绍了莎士比亚的生平及他的作品对后世的影响。9．What'sParagraph1mainlyabout?A．Thegreatvarietiesinwritingstyles.B．ThegreatlengthofShakespeare'sworks.C．TherichnessofthecontentinShakespeare'sworks.D．TherichEnglishlanguageusedbyShakespeareinhisworks.解析：选D段落大意题。本段开头点出莎士比亚较其他作家而言，对英语使用的最为充分，接着对其进行了例证，即其作品中的词汇是常人使用的词汇的5倍。由此可知D项正确。10．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingremainsuncertainaboutShakespeare?A．Hisdateofbirth. B．Hismarriage.C．Hislifeinthegrammarschool. D．Hisdateofdeath.解析：选C细节理解题。依据其次段第三句“Healmostcertainlyattended...cannotbesure.〞可知，莎士比亚有没有上过文法学校不确定。所以选C项。11．Whatdoesthelastsentencein