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中考英语语法讲解资料及练习第18讲被动语态

复习_ABC

中考英语语法讲解资料及练习

第18讲被动语态复习ABC

A.熟记结构

被动语态的结构为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(p.p)”。

被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的,其人称和

数方面应与主语保持一致。其具体变化为:

一般现在时:am/is/are+p.p.

一般过去时:was/were+p.p.

一般将来时:shall/willbe+p.p.

现在完成时■:have/hasbeen+p.p.

现在进行时:am/is/are+being+p.p.

过去将来时:should/wouldbe+p.p.

含情态动词的被动结构:情态动词+be+p.p.例如:

①Chinesebythelargestnumberofpeople.

A.speak

B.isspeaking

C.speaks

D.isspoken

(选D。考查一般现在时的被动语态)

(2)Theboytogetsupperreadyafterschool.

A.weretold

B.istelling

C.wastold

D.tells

(选C。考查一般过去时的被动语态)

③AlotofnewroadsbuiltinthewestofChina.

A.must

B.mustbe

C.has

D.have

(选B。考查含情态动词的被动语态)

B.明确用法

被动语态常用于以下两种情况:

1.不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执

行者;

2.强调动作的承受者。例如:

这棵树是那个男孩弄断的。

Thetreebythatboy.

(填wasbroken)

C.熟练转换

1.将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为:

①将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语;

②谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”,并通过be的变化

来表达出不同的时态;

③主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语放在被动

结构中的谓语动词之后。(有时by短语可以省略)。

2.被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前;否定

句是在第一个助动词后加not;特殊疑问句的语序为:疑问词+

一般疑问句。例如:

①Youmustthrowthebrokenpotteryawayatonce.

Thebrokenpottery_________________________atonce.同

义句)

(填mustbethrownaway)

②Wheredidtheygrowvegetables?(改为被动语态)

Wherevegetables?(填were;grown)

D.注意特例

将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况:

1.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时,有两种方法:

①将间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语保持不变;

②将直接宾语变为主语,间接宾语用介词to或for引导。例如:

①Hetoldusastory.(变被动语态)

-*Weweretoldastory(byhim).或:Astorywastoldto

usbyhim.

②Hermothergaveheranewpen.(变被动语态)

Anewpenherbyhermother.

(填wasgivento)

2.短语动词的被动语态:在变为被动语态时,要将短语动词视

为一个整体,其后的介词或副词不能省去。例如:

①Thisdictionarymustn'tfromthelibrary.

A.takeaway

B.takenaway

C.aretakenaway

D.betakenaway

[D]

②Shewilltakegoodcareofthechildren.(变被动语态)

Thechildrenwill_________________________________(by

her).

(填betakengoodcareof)

3.含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时,通常将宾语变为被

动句的主语,而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意:省略to

的不定式作宾补时,不定式符号to必须补上。例如:

SomeonesawhimswiminQianlingLakeyesterday.(变被

动语态)

HeswiminQianlingLakeyesterday.

(填wasseento)

4.不定式的被动结构:动词不定式的被动语态为“tobe+过

去分词乙例如:

Theradiosaysawildanimalzooistoinourcity.

A.bebuilding

B.build

C.bebuilt

D.built

[C]

5.以疑问代词开头的疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序:应将

主动句中的疑问代词改为介词by的宾语,但仍然放在句子开头。

例如:

Whohasbrokenthecup?(改为被动语态)

fBywhomhasthecupbeenbroken?

E.注意区别

被动语态和过去分词作表语的区别:

1)含义不同:被动语态强调动作,重点说明动作由谁完成、怎

样完成;而过去分词作表语通常用来描写情景,叙述人或事物的

特征及所处的状态。试比较:

Thewindowisbroken.窗子破了。(系表结构)

Thewindowisbrokenbyhim,窗子被他打破了。(被动语态)

2)用法不同:过去分词作表语时可以被so,very,too等程度

副词修饰,而被动语态则不能用so,very,too修饰,而需用

much,verymuch,somuch,toomuch修饰。试比较:

Hewasveryinterestedinscience,他对科学有极大兴趣。

(系表结构)

IwassomuchsurprisedatthescenethatIdidntknow

whattodo.我被那种场面搞得大吃一惊,不知所措。(被动语

态)

F.牢记(相关)句型

初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型有:

1.becoveredwith被...覆盖

2.bemadeof由……制作(发生物理变化)

bemadefrom由...制作(发生化学变化)

bemadein由(某地)制造

bemadeby被(某人)制造

3.beusedfor被用来

beusedas被当作(作为)……来使用

beusedtodosth.被用来做某事

4.Itissaidthat...据说...

Itishopedthat...希望...

Itiswellknownthat...众所周知...例如:

①一Yourcoatlooksnice.Isitcotton?

一Yes.It,sShanghai.

A.madeof;madeby

B.madeof;madein

C.madefor;madeby

D.madefor;madein

[B]

②Thismachineisusedtheroomwet.

A.forkeeping

B.askeeping

C.keep

D.tokeeping

[A]

③据说在南京长江上又在建一座桥。

thatisbeing

overtheChangjiangRiverinNanjing.

(填Itissaid;anotherbridge;built)

状语从句练习

【练习一】

1

()1Themeetingdidn'tstarteveryonewasthere.

A.becauseB.untilC.whyD.if

()2Theboytobedhismothercamein.

A.wentnot;untilB.didn,tgo;afterC.went;untilD.

didn'tgo;until

()31won'tbelieveyouIhaveseenitwithmyown

eyes.

A.beforeB.untilC.afterD.when

()4Hehomeshewassatisfiedhisanswer

yesterday.

A.didn'tgo;until;withB.wasn'tgo;after;to

C.doesn,tgo;before;withD.didn,tgo;until;to

()5Hebackuntiltheworkdone.

A.isn,t;willbeB.isn't;isC.won'tbe;willbeD.won,t

be;is

()6Theydidn'tstarttheworktheirteachercame

back.

A.untilB.whileC.assoonasD.if

2

()1TomwillcallmeassoonasheShanghai.

A.arrivesB.willreachC.arrivesinD.getto

()2I*msurehe'11cometoseemebeforeheBeijing.

A.willleaveB.isleavingC.leaveD.leaves

()31willtellhimthenewsassoonasheback.

A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came

3

()1Tomhasgotawatch.Heitfortwoyears.It

byhisfather.

A.hasbought;wasboughtB.hasgot;isbought,

C.wasbought;hasbought.D.hashad;wasbought

()2Whenhegottothestation,thetrain.

A.leftB.hadleftC.leavesD.hasleft

()3Theboytoldhisfatherwhatheinthestreet.

A.sawB.haveseenC.hadseenD.see

()4WeTVwhenthetelephone.

A.watched;wasringingB.werewatching;rang

C.watch;ringsD.arewatching;rang

()5Bytheendoflastterm,Itenbooks.

A.hadfinishedreadingB.havefinishreading

C.hadfinishtoreadD.finishread

4

()11youforalongtime.Whereyou?

A.didn'tsee;did;goB.didn'tsee;have;gone

C.haven'tseen;have;beenD.haven,tseen;have;gone

()2TomChinafor3years.

A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasbeenat

()31won,tgotoseethefilmtonight,becauseI

myticket.

A.lostB.havelostC.willloseD.didn'tlose

()4-Hello!MayIspeaktoBob?

-Sorry,butheforamonth.

A.hadbeenawayB.wasleftC.leftD.hasbeenaway

()51himsinceIbegantoliveinthecity.

A.knowB.haveknownC.knewD.willknow

()6ZhaoLanalreadyinthisschoolfortwoyears.

A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;

studying

5

()1Bettydidn'tgotoseethefilmyesterdayshe

wasill.

A.becauseB.butC.untilD.if

()2MayIsitnearerIcanseemoreclearly?

A.asifB.sothatC.evenifD.so

()3youworkhard,youwillcertainlysucceed.

A.ThoughB.IfC.BecauseD.For

()4hecametostudyintheuniversity,hehasmade

muchprogressinthestudyofEnglish.

A.WhileB.WhenC.SinceD.After

()5I'dliketogoswimmingthewaterisnottoo

cold.

A.forB.unlessC.ifD.whether

6

()1Therearemanyleaguemembersinclass2

inClass4.

A.both;andB.'so;thatC.either;orD.as;as

()2-Doyouhaveabiglibrary?

-No,wedon,t.Atleast,notyours.

A.asbigasB.asbigthanC.asbiggerthanD.bigger

as

()3SuzhouisnotbeautifulHangzhou.

A.as;thanB.so;asC.even;thanD./;than

()4Ironismoreusefulanyothermetal.

A.asB.thanC.thenD.so

7

()11wanttoknowsheisgoingtoseeafilm.

A.ifB.thatC.whatD.which

()2Youaresuretopasstheexamyoustudyhard.

A.ifB.thoughC.thatD.since

()3r11gotoseethefilmwithyouIhavetimethis

evening.

A.whetherB.soC.ifD.when

()4youstudyharder,you,11neverpassthefinal

exam.

A.IfB.UntilC.UnlessD.Except

8

()1Althoughitwasraining,---stillworkedinthe

fields.

A.buttheyB.andtheyC.theyD.andyetthey

()2therewereonlyfivesoldiersleftatthefront,

theywentonfighting.

A.Because;soB.If;andC.Though;butD.Though;/

()3sheisveryold,shecanstillworkeight

hoursaday.

A.Because;soB.Though;butC.As;yetD.Though;yet

9

()1Pleaseanswerthequestioninaloudenoughvoice

alltheclassmayhear.

A.so,thatB.orC.inorderthatD.and

()2LiftitupImayseeit.

A.thoughB.sothatC.asD.than

()31hurriedIwouldn,tbelateforclass.

A.soB.sothatC.ifD.unless

()4Weshouldgobybuswecangetthereearlier.

A.assoonasB.whereC.inorderthatD.as

10

()1ThedictionaryissoexpensiveIcantbuyit.

A.becauseB.whenC.thatD.if

()21gottherelateIdidn'tseehim.

A.too;toB.such;thatC.so;thatD.so;as

()3Itishotintheroomwehavetogooutfor

awalk.

A.such;thatB.so;thatC.as;asD.such;as

()4Hehasaninterestingbookthatwewanttoread

it.

A.soB.suchC.thesameD.as

参考答案:

1.1-6BDBADA

2.1-3CDB

3.1-5DBCBA

4.1-6CBBDBC

5.1-5ABBCC

6.1-4DABB

7.1-4AACC

8.1-3CDD

9.1-4CBBC

10.1-4CCBB

【练习二】

1.时间状语从句

2.条件状语从句

3.原因状语从句

4.结果状语从句

5.比较状语从句

6.目的状语从句

7.让步状语从句

8.地点状语从句

【名师点睛】:用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫

状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语

从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状

语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。

1.时间状语从句

(1)时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,

till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。例如:

Itwasraininghardwhengottoschoolyesterday.

Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.

Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.

HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.

Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkina

factory.

(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示招

来的动作或状态。例如:

I'llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.

Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.

Hewon'tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.

⑶在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,

如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能

用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”

“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如:

Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout.

Let'swaituntiltherainstops.

Wewon'tstartuntilBobcomes.

Don'tgetoffuntilthebusstops.

2.条件状语从句

⑴条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。例如:

Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?

Don'tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.

(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动

作或状态。例如:

I'llhelpyouwithyourEnglishifamfreetomorrow.

Hewon'tbelateunlessheisill.

(3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条

件状语从句的复合句。例如:

Hurryup,oryou'11belate.

=Ifyoudon'thurryup,you'llbelate.

Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.

=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.

3.原因状语从句

(D原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。例如:

Hedidn'tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.

Asitisraining,weshallnotgothezoo.

Sinceyoucan'tanswerthequestion,I'llasksomeoneelse.

(2)because表示直接原因,语气最强。Because引导的原因状语

从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题,只能用becauseo

As和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since

引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如:

------Whyaren'tgoingthere?

------BecauseIdon'twantto.

Ashehasnocar,hecan'tgetthereeasily.

Sincewehavenomoney,wecan'tbuyit.

(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。

实例解析】

1.(2004年北京市海淀区中考试题)

Youwillstayhealthyyoudomoreexercise,such

asrunningandwalking.

A.ifB.howC.beforeD.where

答案:A。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从

意思上看,从句应是一个条件状语从句,在这四个选项中只有

if能引导条件状语从句,所以选A。

2.(2004年江西省中考试题)

---Shallwegoonworking?

---Yes,Iprefertohavearest.

A.whenB.ifC.becauseD.though

答案:Do该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从

意思上看,只有选though才能说得通。

3.(2004年徐州市中考试题)

Noneofusknewwhathadhappenedtheytold

usaboutit.

A.whenB.untilC.afterD.though

答案:Bo该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。本句

的意思是“在……以前我们没人知道这件事。”要表达着一意思

应用"not...until"这一句型。

4.(2004年泉州市中考试题)

--1hopeyou'11enjoyyourtrip,dear!

-Thankyou,mum.I'llgiveyouacallIget

there.

A.untilB.assoonasC.sinceD.till

答案:Bo该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。本

题的意思是“一到那里,我就给你打电话。”要表达这个意思应

选用assoonaso

【中考演练】

单项填空

1.he'sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.

A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So

2.—Doyouknowifhetoplaybasketballwith

us?

--Ithinkhewillcomeifhefreetomorrow.

A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.will

come;willbe

3.Inthezooifachildintothewaterandcantswim,

thedolphinsmaycomeuphim.

A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelp

C.willfall;helpD.falls;helping

4.Idon'trememberheworkedinthatcitywhen

hewasyoung.

A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who

5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunttovisitus

tomorrow.

A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscoming

6.Thepoliceaskedthechildrencrossthestreet

thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.

A.not;beforeB.don't;whenC.notto;untilD.not;

after

7.Iwaslateforclassyesterdaytherewas

somethingwrongwithmybike.

A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because

8.I'11goswimmingwithyouifIfreetomorrow.

A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.was

9.Intheexam,theyouare,the

mistakesyouwillmake.

A.careful;littleB.morecareful;fewest

C.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;less

10.Youshouldfinishyourlessonsyougooutto

play.

A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.while

11.IhurriedIwouldn'tbelateforclass.

A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless

12.Whenyoureadthebook,you'dbettermakeamark

youhaveanyquestions.

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.though

13.Theteacherraisedhisvoiceallthestudents

couldhearhim.

A.forB.sothatC.becauseD.inorder

14.Hetookoffhiscoathefelthot.

A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since

15.Itisthatwe'dliketogooutforawalk.

A.alovelydayB.toolovelyaday

C.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyaday

16.Maryhadmuchworktodothatshestayedather

officeallday.

A.suchB.soC.tooD.very

17.Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.

A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asif

18.thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.

A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As

19.wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.

A.SolongasB.Inorderthat

C.NomatterhowD.Themoment

20.WritetomeassoonasyoutoBeijing.

A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got

根据中文意思完成下列英语句子

1.不管他跟我开什么玩笑,我都不生气。

Iamnotangrywithhim,jokes

heonme.

2.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切,以至于学生把她当作母亲。

Mrs.Brucewaskindtoherstudentsthey

hertheirmother.

3.只要我们喝尽全力,父母就会满意我们的表现。

Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance

wetryourbest.

4.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗?

Willyoupleasecallmeyougetto

Shanghai.

5.这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴,以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。

Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepiano

shehaskept

practicingfortwoyears.

6.虽然她很忙,他还坚持自学英语。

__________________________________,shekeptonlearning

Englishbyherself.

7.他长大后相当一名记者。

Hewantstobeajournalist

8.无论刮风下雨,我们的老师总'是第一个到校。

windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthe

firsttogettoschool.

9.如果人人为保护环境做出贡献,世界招会变得更美好。

____________________________________toprotectingthe

environment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.

10.李明昨天没来上学,因为他病了。

LiMingdidn'tcometoschool

【练习答案】

—.1.A2.C3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.C9.C10.A11.B12.C13.B

14.A15.C16.B17.A18.D19.C20.B

二.1.nomatterwhat;plays2.so;that;regarded;as3.

aslongas4.aslongas5.somuchthat6.Thoughshewas

busy7.whenhegrowsup8.Whetherit's9.Ifeveryone

makesacontribution10.becausehewasill

之三

I.填入适当的引导词

1.Ihaven,theardfromhimhewenttoAmerica.

2.Hewon,tbehereheisinvited.

3.Hewillnotgotothecinemaheisverybusy.

4.Wefoundthekeysheladleftit.

5.Wefoundthebookstwodayshehadgoneaway.

6.Wehadnosoonergottothestationthetrain

left.

7.HespeaksEnglishhewereanEnglishman.

8.Heisexplainingclearlytheycould

understand.

9.Donotleavetheroomyouhavefinishedthe

test.

10.Shesangshewentalong.

II.改错

1.Thechildrenwererunningontheplaygroundasfast

astheycan.

2.Sinceherhusbandhaddied,soshehadtosupporther

family.

3.Hewon'tgooutuntilhismotherwillcome.

4.Hewasveryfoolishthathedidn'tpasssuchaneasy

exam.

5.Tomhadgoneoutassoonashismothergothome.

6.Itwasthreemonthssincehecametoourschool.

7.Theplaygroundofourschoolislargerthantheir

school.

8.ThestreetsinNanjingarewiderthanShanghai.

9.Whateverthereisplentyofsunandrain,thefields

aregreen.

10.Shesingssongsasifsheisabird.

HI.找出从句并指出是那类从句

1.Itdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.

2.Thequestionheaskedwaswheretheelectrical

equipmentshouldbestored.

3.Themountainisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.

4.Thefactthatsheworkshardiswellknowntous

all.

5.Hewasnotthemanthathewasbefore.

6.Nowyouwasfree,whynotgoswimmingwithus?

7.Wherethereareschoolsandcolleges,thereare

examinations.

8.Badhabits,oncefirmed,aredifficulttogiveup.

9.Sheoftenwearsthesamekindofskirtashertwin

sisterdoes.

10.Themomentheopenedthewindow,abirdflewin.

IV.填入适当的引导词完成句子

1.willdotheexperimentcomestotheprofessor*s

office.

2.willdotheexperimenthasn'tbeendecided.

3.Theteacherdidn,tleavetwelveo'clock.

4.thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.

5.sheisyoung,sheknowsquitealot.

6.Itworriedherabitherhairwasturninggrey.

7.Youwillbelateyouleaveimmediately.

8.Goandgetyourcoat.It*syouleftit.

9.ismentionedabove,thenumberofthe

studentsinseniorhighschoolsisncreasing.

10.hadIenteredtheroomthephonerang.

V.改错

1.Isthisthewatchforwhichheislookingnow?

2.ThisisallwhichIcandoforyou.

3.Doyouknowtheoldmanatthebackoftheroom,

whomhasbeenchosenheadofthefactory.

4.Iwanttoknowthewaywhichyoulearnnewwords.

5.Canyoutellmethatthere,sabookstorenearhere?

6.Ourschoolquitedifferentfromthatitwasbefore.

7.Ifshelikesthepresentisnotcleartome.

8.Forsheisill,shehasn,tcometoschool.

9.Itgavehimsoabigshockthathisfaceturnedpale.

10.Heisclevererthananyboyinhisclass.

参考答案:

I、1.since2.unless3.because4.where

5.after6.than7.asif8.sothat9.

before10.as

II、1.can改为could2.去掉so3.willcome改

为comes4.very改为so5.assoonas改为when6.

was改为is7.than之后加上thatof8.than后加

thosein9.whatever改为wherever10.is改为were

III.

1.whetherwehaveenoughtime介词宾语从句

2.heasked定语从句wheretheelectricalequipment

shouldbestored表语从句

3.whatitusedtobe表语从句

4.thatsheworkshard同位语从句

5.thathewasbefore定语从句

6.Nowyouwasfree让步状语从句now=nowthat

7.Wherethereareschoolsandcolleges地点状语从

8.oncefirmed时间状语从句

9.ashertwinsisterdoes定语从句

10.Themomentheopenedthewindow时间状语从句

IV、1.Whoever2.Who3.until4.As5.

Although6.that7.unless8.where9.As10.

Hardly,when(Nosooner,than)

V、1.for放在looking之后2.which改为that3.

whom改为who4.which改为how5.that改为whether

6.that改为what7.If改为Whether8.For改为

Because9.so改为such10.any后加other

【练习】

[考题1]Ihadjuststeepedoutofthebathroomandwas

busilydryingmyselfwithatowelIheardthesteps.

(2006湖南)

A.whileB.whenC.sinceD.after

[答案]B

[解析]下划线处表示“正在这时,突然……”,四个选项

中只有when可以表示此含义。

[考题2]Hewasabouthalfwaythroughhismeala

familiarvoicecametohisears.(2006辽宁)

A.whyB.whereC.whenD.while

[答案]C

[解析]下划线处表示“正在这时,突然……”,四个选项

中只有when可以表示此含义。

[考题3]Wewereswimminginthelakesuddenlythe

stormstarted.(2004北京春)

A.whenB.whileC.untilD.before

[答案]A

[解析]题意为“当我们正在湖里游泳的时候突然暴风雨开始

了”,表示主句的动作处于从句的动作突然发生时应采用

when(while不适合用于这样的语境),when表示“当……的时

候”受限制条件最少。

[考题4]—Pmgoingtothepostoffice.

—you'rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?

(1999)

A.AsB.WhileC.BecauseD.If

[答案]B

[解析]主句中“getmesomestamps”的动作发生在时间状

语从句“you'rethere”的过程之中,因此应选while表示这

一时间关系(属于while引导时间状语从句的两大基本用法之

-)o注意:as有时也可用于表示主句的动作发生在从句动作

的过程中,但这一用法不是as引导时间状语从句的主要用法,

表示主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中时用while更为

常见,因此B选项是最佳选项。

[考题5]thedayswenton,theweathergotworse.

(1990)

A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As

[答案]D

[解析]表示“thedayswenton"、"theweathergot

worse”两个相互伴随地进行变化的动作,应选as表示这一时

间关系(while不适合用于这样的语境)o

[考题6]Tomintothehousewhennoone.(1992)

A.slipped;waslookingB.hadslipped;looked

C.slipped;hadlookedD.wasslipping;looked

[答案]A

[解析]题干当中的when表示“当……的时候",slip表示

“偷偷地、悄悄地移动”,在本题中表示非延续性的动作

——“溜进了教室”的结果,不适合用进行时态表示。第一个

下划线处应填入slipped,以一般过去时客观描述在过去某一

时间上发生的动作;look表示延续性的动作,可以持续进行,

所以第二个下划线处应填入waslooking,以过去进行时描述

汤姆溜进教室的大背景。

注意:如果主句的动作发生于表示“当……时”的时间状语从

句中的动作的进行过程中,从句常用进行时。例如:The

landladysuspectedthatsomeonemusthavebrokenintothe

housewhen/while/asshewaswatchingTVshow.女房东怀

疑在她看电视时曾有人闯入屋里。

When/While/AsTomwasreading,Jimwasarrested.在

汤姆看书的时候,吉姆被逮捕了。

[考题7]Ialongthestreetlookingforaplaceto

parkwhentheaccident.(2006安徽)

A.went;wasoccurringB.went;occurred

C.wasgoing;occurredD.wasgoing;hadoccurred

[答案]C

[解析]根据题干句子含义,事故发生于当我沿街行驶、寻

找停车之处的时候;从句的动作发生在主句动作的过程中。主

句的谓语动词g。表示非延续性的动作,可以持续进行,应选

用过去进行时的形式,从句的谓语动词为非延续性动词,应以

一般过去时的形式表结果。

[考题8]Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemore

monthshecouldrecoverandreturntowork.

A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that

[答案]B

[解析]表示“他康复并返回工作岗位之前至少还需要三个

月”,下划线处应选用beforeo

[考题9]Itwassometimewerealizedthetruth.

A.whenB.untilC.sinceD.before

[答案]D

[解析]题干意为:过了一段时间我们才意识到真相。下划线

处应填入表示“在……之前”的连词。

[考题10]—HowlongdoyouthinkitwillbeChina

sendsamannedspaceshiptothemoon?

一Perhapstwoorthreeyears.

A.whenB.untilC.thatD.before

[答案]D

[解析]下划线处所在的宾语从句采用一般将来时,题干中第

一句话问将来某一活动之前的时间,before最为适合。

[考题11]—Whydidn'tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?

——HerushedoutoftheroomIcouldsayaword.

A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after

[答案]A

[解析]根据题干中第一句话的提示,第二句话中的“he

rushedoutoftheroom”发生于"Icouldsayaword”之前。

[考题15]Theythetrainuntilitdisappearedinthe

distance.(1998)

A.sawB.watchedC.noticedD.observed

[答案]B

[解析]题干中的主句为肯定句,until需要跟主句里肯定形

式的表延续性动作的谓语动词连用,因此本题应选表示延续性

动作的watched(其他选项中的saw,noticed,observed所表

示的动作都不能延续,意味着结果)。

[考题16]—Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhe

wasatschool?

—Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhimhebecameoneofthe

topstudentsinhisgrade.(2003北京春)

A、afterB.unlessC.untilD.when

[答案]C

[解析]until跟主句里否定形式的、表非延续性动作的谓语

动词连用时,表示“直到……才(开始)”,本题应选until

与主句中的“neverpraised”对应,表示“他的父亲直到他成

为年级里的尖子生之一时才开始称赞他”。

[考题18]—Whatwasthepartylike?

—Wonderful.It'syearsIenjoyed

myselfsomuch.(1993)

A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since

[答案]D

[解析]since表示“自从……以来”。

[考题19]TheyfriendssincetheymetinShanghai.

(1989)

A.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeenD.haveturned

[答案]C

[解析]题干中的since表示“自从……以来”,主句中的谓

语动词应该表示从他们在上海相遇至今的持续性的动作,因此

下划线处应填入可以表示持续性状态的havebeen(其他选项中

的made、become、turned所表示的动作都不能延续,意味着

结果)。

[考题1]Smallsailboatscaneasilyturnoverinthewater

theyarenotmanagedcarefully.(2007上海)

thoughB.beforeC.untilD.if

[答案]D

[解析]根据全句意思,“theyarenotmanagedcarefully”

应表示一种假设,因此下划线处应选用if引导条件状语从句。

[考题2]Intimeofseriousaccidents,weknowsome

basicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.(2006

重庆)

whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless

[答案]

[解析]本题应选意为“如果”的if表示假设。

[考题3]Iwouldappreciateityoucallbackthis

afternoonforthedoctor'sappointment.(2003上海春)

untilB.ifC.whenD.that

[答案]B

[解析]本题应选意为“如果”的if表示假设。

[考题4]Itisknowntoallthatyouexercise

regularly,youwon'tkeepgoodhealth.(2005重庆)A。

unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.if

[答案]A

[解析]本题应选意为“如果不,除非”的unless表示假设。

[考题5]Mostbirdsfinditsafetosleepinthetrees,

buttheyhaveeggsoryoungchicks,theydon'tuse

anest.(2007湖南)

A.whyB.howC.unlessD.where

[答案]C

[解析]综合整句的意思,下划线处应表示“除非”含义

的假设。

典型例题:

1)sheisyoung,sheknowsquitealot.

A.WhenB.HoweverC.AlthoughD.Unless

答案:Co意为虽然她很年轻,却知道许多。

[考题1]Wehadtowaithalfanhourwehadalready

bookedatable.(2007辽宁)

A.sinceB.althoughC.untilD.before

[答案]B

[解析]下划线处之后所述的“我们已经预订了一桌”与前面

所述的“我们已经不得不等了半个小时”之间语意相反,四个

选项中although表示“即便……”,引导让步状语从句最为合

适。

[考题2]mostoftheearth,ssurfaceiscoveredby

water,freshwaterisveryrareandprecious.(2006上海

春)

AasB.OnceC.IfD.Although

[答案]D

[解析]句意为:虽然地球表面覆盖着水,但是纯净水仍然

很稀有、珍贵。下划线处应引导让步状语从句,填入although

最为合适。

[考题3]hehaslimi

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