高二英语北师大版选修8学案UNIT24SECTIONⅧGRAMMAR

Section_ⅧGrammar单元语法工程——说服语法图解探究发觉①Weshouldinsistthatadvertisingismorecontrolled,especiallyadvertisingaimedatchildren.②Onapersonallevel,weoughttovisittheshopslessandworrylessaboutimage.③Asasociety,it'shightimethatwetook/shouldtaketheseissuesmoreseriously.④Protestgroupsareinsistingthatsomeofourmoneybegiventothethirdworld.⑤Iflawssuchasthesecameintobeing,ahugeadjustmentwouldberequired...[我的发觉](1)句①、句②用情态动词should/oughtto表示“建议〞。(2)句③用Itis/was(high/about)timethat...句型表示“建议〞。其中的that从句谓语动词用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形〞，should不行省略。(3)句④用insist表示“建议〞，其宾语从句用虚拟语气，形式为“should＋动词原形〞，should可以省略。(4)句⑤用虚拟条件句表示“建议〞。在正式的英语书面语及非正式的英语口语中，常用不同方式来告知人们我们认为他们该做什么，归纳起来，有以下几种表达说服的方式：一、英语书面语在正式书面表达中，以下表达方式可以强化“建议〞。1．should/oughtto＋do...Youshould/oughttobrushyourteethbeforeyougotobed.你在睡前应当刷牙。WeoughttogoandseeMarytomorrow,butIdon'tthinkwewill.我们应当明天去看玛丽，可我认为我们去不了。2．当人们想要表达建议、命令或要求时，从句的谓语动词需用虚拟语气，其形式为“(should＋)动词原形〞。这些从句可以是宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句或表语从句。OurteacherdemandedthatMary(should)finishherhomeworkwithinaweek.我们老师要求玛丽在一周内完成作业。Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)doourhomeworkmorecarefully.他的建议就是我们做作业要更细心一些。[名师点津]“一、二、三、四〞记虚拟：一个“坚持〞(insist)；两个“命令〞(order,mand)；三条“建议〞(advise,suggest,propose)；四项“要求〞(demand,require,request,ask)；再加一个“敦促〞(urge)。(1)suggest作“建议〞讲，宾语从句用虚拟语气；假设作“示意，说明〞讲，那么用陈述语气。(2)insist作“坚持认为、坚持说〞讲时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。只有当insist作“坚持(要求)〞“坚持(应当)〞讲时宾语从句才用虚拟语气。TheArabinsistedthathehadneverseenthecamelandthathe(should)notbepunishedforitslost.那个阿拉伯人坚持说他从未见过那头骆驼，并且坚持认为自己不能由于骆驼的丧失而受到惩处。Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshewasill,andherfathersuggestedthatshe(should)haveamedicalexamination.简苍白的脸色说明她生病了，她父亲建议她做一下医学检查。3．It's(high/about)timethat句式中，that从句中的谓语动词常用过去式或shoulddo,should不能省略。It'shightimethatIwent/shouldgotopickupmydaughteratschool.我该去学校接我的女儿了。[即时演练1]用所给词的适当形式填空①Mymomsuggeststhatwe(should)_eat(eat)outforachangethisweekend.②Eyedoctorsremendthatachild'sfirsteyeexam(should)_be(be)attheageofsixmonthsold.③Jackisagreattalker.It'shightimethathedid/should_do(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.④Theyaresuggestingthatanewschool(should)_be_built(build)inthisarea.⑤Theyoungmaninsistedthathedid(do)nothingwrongandshouldbe_set(set)freeatonce.⑥It'shightimethatweshould_take/took(take)actiontoprotecttheenvironment.二、英语口语1．跟熟人交谈时用以下表达方式可以使“建议〞听上去不生硬，具有摸索性。(1)虚拟语气表示委婉、客气的语气，常用句型“IfIwereyou,I'd＋do...〞IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.假如我是你，我会接受他的忠告。(2)句型Ithinkyoushould/oughttodo...，表示“我认为你应当做……〞，语气稍强。Ithinkyououghttotellyourhusbandyou'repregnant.我想你应当告知你丈夫你怀孕了。2．用以下方式可以强硬地对某人进行批判、责备或提出建议，使用这种方式常具有权威性。(1)I'drather(that)＋一般过去时/过去完成时...I'drathershesetouttodotheworknow.我宁愿她现在就着手做这项工作。(2)You'dbetter＋do...You'dbettergiveupsmokingoryou'llendinhospital.你最好戒烟，否那么你的结局就是住院。[即时演练2]完成句子①(2016·北京高考改编)Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?If_you_had_told_me(假如你告知了我),Icouldhavehelped.②Ithinkyoushould/ought_to_give_up_smoking(应当戒烟)．③If_I_were_you(假如我是你),Iwouldgoabroadforfurtherstudy.④Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI'dratherhefocused_more_on(更多地集中于)itsculture.⑤Ifyouareplanningtospendyourmoneyhavingfunthisweek,youhad_better_forget(最好遗忘)it—you'vegotsomebigbillsing.Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Heinsistedthathewas(be)right,andthathisplan(should)_be_carried(carry)outatonce.2．IfIwere(be)you,Iwould_accept(accept)thejobatonce.3．I'dratheryouposted(post)theletterrightaway.4．Isuggestwe(should)_visit(visit)theMetropolitanMuseumofArtfirst.5．Shedemandedthathe(should)_finish(finish)theworkwithinanhour.6．It'shightimethatwewent/should_go(go)tothelibrary.7．You'dbetterspend(spend)yourtimeonsomebooksworthreading.8．Thedoctorstronglyremendedthathe(should)_take(take)aholiday.Ⅱ.完成句子1．—I'dratherthatyoudidn't_smoke(别抽烟)inourhome.—Iwon't.2．It'sabouttimethatyou_got/should_get_down_to_reading(你开头仔细读书)．3．Youought_to/should_be_ashamed_of_yourself(你应当感到惭愧).You'vecreatedthisproblem.4．It'scoldtoday.You'd_better_wear_warm_clothes(你最好穿得温和些)．5．Myteacherdemandedthatallofus(should)_practise_speaking(应练习说)Englisheveryday.6．If_I_were_you(假如我是你),IwouldpaymoreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.JackcametotheUSAlastyear.Whenhewasanewertosuchadevelopedcountry,hewastrappedinaspendingcircle.Firstofall,hehadtoworkhardtoearnmoremoney.Butthemoremoneyheearned,thelessoftenhesawit.Hestartedputtinghissignaturesoncreditcardsandspendingmoneyhedidnotevenhavesothathecouldbuyacarandahouseofhisown.Nowhetriestodepositalittlemoneyorchangeitintodifferentcountries'currenciesinthehopethathecanmakeevenmoremoney.Ofcoursehehastopaysomemoneytothegovernmentasataxpayer.He'saccumulatedpossessions,butheneverfeelslikehehasenough.Heworkstowardstheownershipofbiggerandbetterhousesandcarsbutneverhastimetoenjoythem.Instead,hefeelslikeaburdenbecauseeverymonthhehastohandovermostofthemoneyhemakestopayforthem.Andasaresultofallthis,hehasn'tgotincreasedhappiness,butstressandlessfreetimetobehimselfandenjoybeingwithhisfriendsandfamily.ThisistheconsumersocietythatJackgotinto.Surelywearebetteroffthanthosewhowearragsandsleeponthestreets,butthereisagrowingresistancetothisconsumersociety.Itissuggestedthatwegivesomeofourmoneytothethirdworld,thegovernmentshortentheworkingweekandpeopleshareworkreducingunemployment.Iflawssuchasthesecameintobeing,ahugeadjustmentwouldberequiredandtherewouldbediversereactions.Asasociety,it'shightimethatwetooktheseissuesmoreseriously.杰克去年来到。当他刚来到这样一个兴旺国家的时候，他陷入了一个消费圈。起初，他必需努力工作来挣更多的钱。但他挣的钱越多，越不见钱。他开头签署信用卡提前消费以便买车和属于他的住房。现在他努力储存点钱或者兑换成不同国家的货币，以期赚更多的钱。当然作为纳税人，他必需得支给政府一些钱。他虽然积累了一些财宝，但从来没有感觉富有。他努力工作想拥有更大、更好的车子和房子，却从来没有时间享受它们。相反，他却感到了一种负担，由于每月他都必需把他所挣的大局部钱用来支付这些费用。全部这些努力的结果是，他获得的不是增长的幸福，反而是压力和更少的闲暇时间来独处以及与伴侣和家人相处。这就是杰克进入的消费社会。自然我们比那些穿着旧衣服，露宿街头的人富有，但对这消费社会人们也越来越抵触。有人建议我们要把自己的一局部钱捐献给第三世界；政府要缩短周工作日；而人们要分出一些工作给无业者以降低失业率。假如这样的法律产生，那么这个消费社会就会有一个大的调整，就会消失各种各样的反响。作为社会，到了我们更加严厉?地对待这些问题的时候了。第一局部听力(总分值30分，限时20分钟)第一节(共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Wherearethetwospeakers?A．InCanada. B．IntheUS.C．InMexico.2．What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Classmates.B．Friends.C．Brotherandsister.3．Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A．Careers.B．Healthproblems.C．Typesofhospitals.4．Whendoesthemanwanttogotothelibrary?A．OnSaturday.B．OnSunday.C．OnMonday.5．Howdoesthewomanrespondtotheman?A．Sheisdisappointed.B．Sheisimpressed.C．Sheisindifferent.其次节(共15小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。6．Whatisthedog'sname?A．Harry. B．Yoda.C．Luke.7．Whatisthedoglike?A．Youngandfast.B．Oldandloyal.C．Bigandscary.听第7段材料，答复第8、9题。8．Whatdoesthewomandislike?A．Partiesinherhouse.B．Mozart.C．Coca­Cola.9．Whatwillthewomandotonight?A．DrinksomeCoca­Cola.B．Staywithhercousin.C．MovetoJapan.听第8段材料，答复第10至12题。10．Whatisthefirstthingyoushoulddobeforegivingaspeech?A．Greetingtheaudience.B．Statingyourname.C．Sharingsomerelevantinformation.11．Howshouldyouspeakwhengivingyourname?A．Clearlyandloudly.B．Clearlyandconfidently.C．Confidentlyandloudly.12.WhatmayNOThelpyoudecideonthesortofinformationyoushare?A．Theaudience.B．Thesubject.C．Theenvironment.听第9段材料，答复第13至16题。13.WhenwillthemanNOTbuyflowersforhiswife?A．Onherbirthday.B．OnValentine'sDay.C．OnAprilFool'sDay.14.Whenistheman'smother'sbirthday?A．ThedaybeforeValentine'sDay.B．OnValentine'sDay.C．ThedayafterValentine'sDay.15.Whatcolordoesthemanchooseforhismother?A．Blue. B．Green.C．Purple.16.Whereisthemangoingnext?A．Abookstore.B．Asupermarket.C．Anotherflowerstore.听第10段材料，答复第17至20题。17.WhenwastheWhiteHousepleted?A．In1792. B．In1800.C．In1902.18．WhoneverlivedintheWhiteHouse?A．Washington. B．Clinton.C．Truman.19．WhichcountrydamagedtheWhiteHouse?A．France. B．England.C．Germany.20．WhatdidAndrewJacksondofortheWhiteHouse?A．Addinggrass.B．Installingrunningwater.C．Addingaporch.答案：1～5ACACB6～10CAABA11～15BCCCB16～20BBABB听力材料(Text1)M：Wherearewenow?Ican'ttellwhatroadthisis.W：We'reheadingfortheUS,butwe'restillinCanada.Andwe'requitealongdistancefromMexico.(Text2)W：Whatafineday!Shallwegohikingthisearlyspringmorning?M：Momwon'tletus.WehavetotakecareoflittleJennyafterwefinishourhomework.(Text3)W：Dad,IwanttobeanursewhenIgrowup.M：Anurse?Youraunthasbeenanursefor20yearsandshelovesit.Whenyourgrandmawasn'twell,sheknewhowtotakecareofher.(Text4)W：Ineedtoreturnthesebookstoday.Doyouwanttoewithme?M：No.Thedowntownlibrarydoesn'topenonSundays.I'drathergotomorrowsoIcanchecksomenewbooksformyself.(Text5)W：Thatisabeautifulpainting,Jerry!Wheredidyoubuyit?M：Actually,Imadeit.I'vebeentakingartclassesforthepastyear.W：Really?That'samazing!Ihadnoideayouweresotalented.Thislookslikeitwaspaintedbyaprofessional.(Text6)M：Checkoutmypet!HeisaGermanshepherd.W：Aw!He'ssocute!What'shisname?M：InamedhimLukeaftermyfavoritemoviecharacter,LukeSkywalker.W：Greatname!Iamsurprisedyoudidn'tnamehimHarryafteryourfavoritebookcharacter.M：He'sreallyfast,andthat'swhyInamedhimLuke.IfIhadanolderdog,IwouldnamehimYoda.W：Howoldishe?M：Onlyfourmonthsold.(Text7)W：Bye!Haveanicenight.Youwon'tplayloudmusic,willyou?YouknowIdon'tlikepartiesinmyhouse.M：Ohno,Mrs.White!OnlyMozart,andmaybeVivaldi.W：Andofcoursenoalcoholicdrinkseither!M：No,certainlynot.OnlyCoca­Cola.W：Good,well,Iwon'tbebacktonight.I'mstayingwithmycousin.He'smovingtoJapanthisSunday.Goodbye,boys!M：Seeyouinthemorning,Mrs.White!W：Bytheway,everybodymustgohomeat11o'clock.M：Oh,allright,bye.(Text8)W：Professor,couldyougivemesomesuggestionsabouthowtointroducemyselfbeforegivingaspeech?M：OK.First,greettheaudienceandthenstateyourname.Asyousayhelloandgiveyourname,remembertospeakclearlyandconfidently.W：ShouldIspeakasloudlyaspossible?M：Notexactly.Itdependsontheenvironmentandtheaudience.Youjustneedtomakesurethatyourvoiceisloudenoughtoenableeveryonetohearyou.W：Thanks.Andnext?M：Sharesomerelevantinformationaboutyourself.Thesortofinformationyousharewilldependontheaudienceandwhatyou'llbetalkingabout.W：Iunderstand.M：Andthen,beforeyoustartthespeech,thankyouraudienceforbeingthere.W：Thankyouverymuch.Ihavelearnedalotfromyou.(Text9)W：MayIhelpyou?M：Yes,madam.I'dliketobuysomeflowers.W：Doyouwanttogivethemtoyourgirlfriend?M：No,tomywife.Godknowsthatladieslikeflowers.W：TodayisValentine'sDay.Thatmustbewhyyouwantthem.Justonedayoftheyear.M：Notexactly.Igetthemforherbirthday,andforallkindsofweirdanniversaries.W：ButnotonAprilFool'sDay,right?M：Haha,right.Oh,andbytheway,Iwantsomemoreformymother.Tomorrowisherbirthday.W：Howaboutthese?Purpleseemspopularwithmothers.M：Notwithmine.Doyouhaveanyothercolor?W：Howaboutblueorthesegreenones?Theyarefreshandbright.M：Allright!Iwilltakethesegreenonesandgotothesupermarketforsomechocolate.W：Thereisonejustacrossfromthebookstore.Hereyouare!Pleaseeagain.M：Thanks!Bye!(Text10)W：HaveyouallheardabouttheWhiteHouse?Todaywe'regoingtotalkaboutthebuildingthatsymbolizestheUSA.Mr.Green,please.M：TheWhiteHouseisoneofthemostrecognizablestructuresintheworld.Youcan'tsayyou'vebeentoWashingtonD．C.ifyouhaven'tseentheWhiteHouse.NoteveryAmericanpresidentlivesthere.ThoughtheExecutiveMansionwasbegunin1792underthedirectionofGeorgeWashington,thestructurewasnotpleteduntil1800,soironicallyWashingtonnevercalledithome.TheWhiteHouseisopentothepubliconweekdaysfrom10amuntilnoon.ThebuildingwastorchedbyBritishtroopsin1814,duringtheWarof1812,andthestructuraldamagecausedbythefirewasrepaired,butthesandstonewallsoutsidewerestillblackfromthefire.Thewallswerethenpaintedwhite,givingbirthtothenamethebuildingnowgoesby.AnactofCongressmadeittheofficialnamein1920.EveryPresidenthaslefthismarkupontheWhiteHouse,withThomasJeffersonaddinggrasstotheeastandwestwings,AndrewJacksoninstallingrunningwater,andHarryTrumanaddingaporch.BillClinton'sadditiontotheWhiteHousewasanindoortrack.其次局部阅读理解(总分值40分，限时35分钟)第一节(共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。ACokewasintroducedbytheCocaColapanyin1886,makingitarathertrueandtestedfavoriteofgenerationsofpeopleinover200countries.Thislistshouldgiveyousomeideasonhowtogetmorefromyourcokethanusual.1．CocaColaisanexcellentrustbuster(除锈剂).Ifyouhaveabunchofsmallrustyobjects,putthemincokeovernightandgivethemagoodscrubinthemorning.Cokehelpstobreakdowntherust,makingcleaningmucheasier.Besuretothrowouttheusedcokewhenyouaredonewithitoryoumightbetakingatriptothedoctor.2．Likethepreviousitem,thecitricacid(柠檬酸)incokemakesforanexcellentwindowcleaner.Thisisespeciallyusefulforcarwindows.Pouracanofcokeoverthewindowandrubthewindow,thenwipeitoffwithadampclothtoremoveanystickymatterfromthesugarinthedrink.Thinkofthisasacheapalternativetothemanyfruit­basedcleanersthataresoldonTV.3．Forthoseofyouwholiveinareaswhereskunk(臭鼬)smellscanbeanissuefromtimetotime,onecanofcokeaddedtowaterwithdetergent(清洁剂)reallyhelpstobreakthesmelldown.Ifyouhavebeensprayed,standintheshowerandcoveryourselffromheadtotoewithcoke—waitforafewminutes,thenwashyourselfwithashower.Cokeisanexcellenthairtreatmentsoyougettwotipsforthepriceofonewiththisitem!4．Potscansometimesgetblackonthebottom.Theblackisalmostimpossibletoremove;thisiscausedbyover­cooking.Toremovetheblackandrenewyourpot,pourinacanofcoke(orasmuchasyouneedtocovertheblackenedareabyaninch)andputitonthestoveonalowheat.Afteranhourorso,washthepotasnormal.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是应用文。可乐是一种受群众宠爱的饮品，除此之外它还有其他妙用。)21．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scrub〞inParagraph2probablymean?A．Start. B．Cleaning.C．Shake. D．Example.解析：选B词义猜想题。由下一句“Cokehelpstobreakdowntherust,makingcleaningmucheasier.〞可知，scrub在这里是“清洗〞的意思。22．Whatisimportantwhileusingcoketocleancarwindows?A．Useadrycloth.B．Rubthewindowlightly.C．Don'tpourtoomuchcoke.D．Cleanthesugarymatterthoroughly.解析：选D细节理解题。由第三段中的“wipeitoffwithadampclothtoremoveanystickymatterfromthesugarinthedrink〞可知，可乐里面有糖分，要确保把这些黏性大的糖分全部用湿布擦掉。23．Forwhichpurposedoescokehavetobemixedwithothermaterial?A．Togetridoftheblackonthepot.B．Tobreakdowntherust.C．Toremovesmells.D．Tocleanwindows.解析：选C细节理解题。由第四段中的“onecanofcokeaddedtowaterwithdetergentreallyhelpstobreakthesmelldown〞可知，除臭的时候可乐需要与清洁剂协作使用。24．Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A．Anad. B．Areview.C．Anewsreport. D．Apracticalguide.解析：选D推理推断题。这篇文章介绍可乐的妙用，属于实践指导类的文章。BValentine'sDay,especiallyinAmerica,isaholidaythatbearsmuchsentimental(感情的)value.Tocelebrate,couplesexchangecardsandflowerstoexpresstheirlove.Atmyhighschool,studentscanbuyflowerstodelivertooneanotherduringclass.Asformostofmyfriends,theoccasionissimplyanexcusetoenjoychocolate.WhiletheseareallmonideasofValentine'sDay,itishardtobelievethattheholidayisbasedonBishopValentine,whoobjectedtotherulesoftheRomanEmperorClaudius.AccordingtotheChristianfaith,Valentine'sstoryisoneofcourageandromance(浪漫)．Duringthethirdcentury,theRomanEmpirewasweakenedbyattacksfromsurroundingtribes(部落).EmperorClaudiustheSecond,whoruledatthetime,believedthatmarriagehadmadehissoldiersweak.Tosettlehisconcerns,hepassedalawthatforbademarriage,toensurethequalityofhissoldiers.Thisbanonmarriagewasagreatshock,especiallytoBishopValentine,whonotedtheinjusticeofthelaw.DisregardingClaudius'wishes,Valentinehelpedloversuniteinamarriage.However,itwasonlyamatteroftimebeforethebishop'spracticeswerediscoveredandhewascaughtbytheemperor.Immediately,Valentinewasimprisoned.Whilewaitingforhissentence,thebishop'sjailor,Asterius,approachedhim;hebeggedValentinetoheal(治愈)hisblinddaughter.Successfully,Valentinerestoredthegirl'svisionandovertime,theybecamecloseandfellinlove.Monthslater,theemperoraskedValentinetoagreetohisdemandthatValentineendhispractices.SinceClaudius'srequestwentagainsthisreligion,thebishoprefused.Momentsbeforehisexecution(处死),ValentineaskedforapenandpaperfromEmperorClaudius.Inaromanticgesture,thebishopsignedafinalfarewellmessagetoAsterius'sdaughter,hislover.Intheletter,hewrote,“fromyourValentine〞—aphrasethathaslivedoneverafter.WhileValentine'sDayhasbeeawidelymercialized(商业化的)occasion,thereismuchtolearnfromtheholiday'shistory.Intheend,thestoryofBishopValentineshowswhattheholidayshouldrepresent—atimetoappreciatelovedones.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了情人节的由来及所蕴含的意义。)25．WhydidClaudiusbanmarriage?A．Toexercisehispower.B．TofightagainstValentine.C．Toproducequalitysoldiers.D．Togoverntheunrulycitizens.解析：选C细节理解题。由第三段中的“believedthatmarriagehadmadehissoldiersweak.Tosettlehisconcerns,hepassedalawthatforbademarriage,toensurethequalityofhissoldiers.〞可知，Claudius认为婚姻使得他的士兵变弱，所以他下令禁止婚姻以确保他的士兵的质量。26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“restored〞inParagraph4mean?A．Showed. B．Gaveback.C．Shared. D．Knewabout.解析：选B词义猜想题。由划线词前的“hebeggedValentinetohealhisblinddaughter〞以及“Successfully〞可知，Valentine恢复了女孩的视力。27．WhatdoweknowaboutValentine?A．Hehadfirmbeliefs.B．HefoundedValentine'sDay.C．HewasputtodeathbyAsterius.D．HefellinlovewithClaudius'sdaughter.解析：选A推理推断题。由第三段中的“DisregardingClaudius'wishes,Valentinehelpedloversuniteinamarriage.〞以及第四段中的“SinceClaudius'srequestwentagainsthisreligion,thebishoprefused.〞可知，Valentine有坚决的信念。28．Whatisthefocusofthistext?A．Thegreatestbishopinhumanhistory.B．WhypeoplecelebrateValentine'sDay.C．Howvalentinehelpedyoungloversunite.D．ThemeaningandhistoryofValentine'sDay.解析：选D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了情人节的由来及所蕴含的意义。CIn2003,StellaMcCartneymarriedlongtimeboyfriendAlasdhairWillis,publisherofWallpapermagazine,whowasknownforbeinglabelandfashionconscious.HerweddingdresswasanupdatedversionoftheonewornbyhermotherLinda,whopassedawayin1998.Inadditiontoherowndress,StellahasalsodesigneddressesforcelebritiesincludingLivTylerandMadonna.Manypiecesofthedesigner'scollectionareconsideredfashionmust­haves.Airbrushed(用喷雾枪喷的)T­shirtsandsunglassesdecoratedwithrhinestones(人造钻石)areonlysomeexamplesofthebold(大胆的)stylingStella'slinesoffer.Butitishighlyunlikelyyouwillfindapiecemadewithfur.StellaisananimalrightssupporterandhasdonealotofworkwiththeanimalrightsactivistgroupPETA.Manytimesinherlines,thedesignermeshes(搭配)streetwearwithsofter,moreclassiclooks.Sheadmitshermother'schoiceinfashionisahugeinfluenceonmanyofherdesignchoicestoday,andoftengetsemotionalwhenshetalksabouther.StellaMcCartney'snameisbeingincreasinglyfamouswitheverylinesheproduces.Manycelebritiesproudlytellthemediathattheyenjoypurchasingandwearingitemsbythedesigner,includingactressGwynnethPaltrow.Mostrecently,StellaMcCartneyobtainedtheopportunitytodesignanewlineofAdidasclothingmadespecificallyforwomen.ThisisAdidas'firstlineofsportperformanceclothingmadeespeciallyforwomen,soitisahugeplimentthatthepanyhaschosenStella'sdesigns.WithalltheexposurefromcriticsandstoresinplaceslikeNewYorkCity,thesky'sthelimitforthisyoungdesigner,andit'snotjustbecauseofthefamilyname.YoucanalsofinddesignsbyStellaMcCartneyinwell­knowndepartmentstoressuchasNeimanMarcus.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章介绍了时装设计师StellaMcCartney。)29．WhatdoweknowaboutWillis?A．Hegotmarriedin1998.B．Helikedcollectingmagazines.C．Hekepttrackofthelatestfashion.D．HedesignedStella'sweddingdress.解析：选C细节理解题。由第一段中的“wasknownforbeinglabelandfashionconscious〞可知，Willis是留意时尚的人。30．WhatcanbelearnedaboutStella'sdesigns?A．They'reabstract.B．They'reconservative.C．Theyavoidusingfur.D．They'remainlystreetwear.解析：选C细节理解题。由其次段中的“Butitishighlyunlikelyyouwillfindapiecemadewithfur.〞可知，Stella的设计中不会使用皮草元素。31．WhatcanbeinferredaboutStella'sfuture?A．It'llbehard.B．It'llbebright.C．It'llbesimple.D．It'llbeuncertain.解析：选B推理推断题。由最终一段中的“thesky'sthelimitforthisyoungdesigner〞可知，Stella的将来一片光明。DToday,thenumberofsingleadultsintheU．S.—andmanyothernationsaroundtheworld—isunprecedented(前所未有的)．Singlelivinghasleftsomeinapanic.USNews&WorldReport,forexample,cautionedthatAmericansthinkthecountry'smoralvaluesarebadandgettingworse,andoneofthetopreasonsfortheirconcernisthelargenumberofpeopleremainingsingle.I'masocialscientist,andI'vespentthepasttwodecadesresearchingandwritingaboutsinglepeople.I'vefoundthattheriseofsinglelivingisbeneficialtoourcitiesandtownsandmunities,andourrelativesandfriendsandneighbors.Foryears,munitiesacrossthecountryhavebeenorganizedbygroupsofnuclearfamilieslivinginsuburbanhomes.Butthesehousesareoftentooisolating(孤立的)—toofarfromworkandfromoneanother.Accordingtoanationalsurveyongoingsince1974,Americanshaveneverbeenlesslikelytobefriendswiththeirneighborsthantheyarenow,withneighborlinesslowestinthesuburbs.Butstudieshavealsoshownthatsinglepeopleareagainstthosetrends.Forexample,theyaremorelikelythanmarriedpeopletoencourage,helpandsocializewiththeirfriendsandneighbors.Theyarealsomorelikelytovisit,support,adviseandstayintouchwiththeirsiblingsandparents.Infact,peoplewholivealoneareoftenthelifeoftheircitiesandtowns.Theytendtoparticipateinmorecivicgroupsandpublicevents,enrollinmoreartandmusicclasses,andgoouttodinnermoreoftenthanpeoplewholivewithothers.Incontrast,whencouplesmoveintogetherorgetmarried,theytendtobeemoreisolated.Unfortunately,singlelifecontinuestobemisunderstood,withsinglepeopleroutinelyregardedaslesssecureandmoreself­centeredthanmarriedpeople.They'resaidtodiesooner,aloneandsad.Yetstudiesofpeoplewholivealonetypicallyfindthatmostaredoingjustfine;theydon'tfeelisolated,noraretheysadandlonely.语篇解读：本文是谈论文。如今越来越多的人选择单身生活，而单身生活长期被人们认为不健康。那么，真相如何呢？32．WhatleadstoAmerica'sbadmoralvaluesaccordingtoUSNews&WorldReport?A．Morecouples'refusingtohavechildren.B．Morepeople'sgettingmarriedlate.C．Morecouples'sstayingisolated.D．Morepeople'sstayingsingle.解析：选D细节理解题。由其次段中的“USNews&WorldReport,forexample,cautionedthat...andoneofthetopreasonsfortheirconcernisthelargenumberofpeopleremainingsingle.〞可知，?新闻与世界报道?认为，社会的道德水准在下降，而重要缘由之一是太多的人选择单身。33．What'stheproblemwithnuclearfamilies?A．Lackingsocialactivities.B．Havingtoomanychildren.C．Nothavingmuchsparetime.D．Livingtooclosetootherfamilies.解析：选A细节理解题。由第四段中的“thesehousesareoftentooisolating...Americanshaveneverbeenlesslikelytobefriendswiththeirneighborsthantheyarenow,withneighborlinesslowestinthesuburbs.〞可知，核心家庭往往比拟孤立，缺乏社交活动。34．Inmanypeople'seyes,singlepeople________.A．arelivinganunhappylifeB．aredissatisfiedwiththeirlivesC．aremorelikelytomakefriendsD．arehappierthanmarriedpeople解析：选A推理推断题。由末段中的“...singlelifecontinuestobemisunderstood,withsinglepeopleroutinelyregardedaslesssecureandmoreself­centeredthanmarriedpeople.They'resaidtodiesooner,aloneandsad.〞可知，人们普遍误认为单身人士孤独、不快乐而且可能早逝。35．What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toadvisepeopletogetmarried.B．Toprovethebenefitsofstayingsingle.C．Toquestionpeople'schoiceaboutmarriage.D．TointroduceAmericans'attitudetowardssingles.解析：选B写作意图题。综合全文可知，作者先说明单身人士增多对社会是好事，接下来又订正人们对单身人士的普遍误会，由此可知B项正确。其次节(共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IfindithardtodothingsIknowaregoodforme,harderthananythingelseinmyday­to­daylife.It'snotthattheactivitiesthemselvesarehard；it'sthemotivation,theinternal(内心的)debatethatstartsupeverydaythatIstrugglewith.Overtime,I'velearnedmoreaboutself­acceptance.PerhapsIwillalwaysfinditdifficulttositdownanddosomethings,whetheritmakessenseornot.__36__Therefore,I'mafraidtoreallytalkaboutthemwithanyoneelse.Lastweek,Iwastalkingtoafriendofmineaboutthechallengeshewashavingwithacourse.__37__Hedidn'tknowwhy.Itseemedlikeeveryoneelsefoundsittingdownanddoingtheworkawalkinthepark.__38__Thatsoundedquitefamiliartome.Idecidednottohidetheresistance.Iletmyselftalkaboutitopenly.__39__Whenwe'vebeendoingsomethingforacertainamountoftime,wecanbuildupexpectationsaroundour“performance.〞Weexpectourselvestobeself­acceptantninjas(忍者),spreadingpeaceandquiettoallweeintocontactwith.Weexpectthose“negative〞emotionstodisappear.__40__Wegetanxiousandfeelresistance.That'spartofwhatitmeanstobeus,andwhatitmeanstobehuman.Animportantpartofourjourneyislearningtoacceptthatthosethingsmightneverchange，andtohaverespectforourresistance.Ourresistancecanbefrustrating,butit'sdevelopedforverygoodreasons.A．But,ofcourse,it'snotlikethat.B．Hewassayinghefeltresistance.C．Yet,Istillfeelalonewithmystruggles.D．