2021届汕头市澄海莲东中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案

2021届汕头市澄海莲东中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMymotherandherbestfriendMarthawereintheirmid-80swhentheysaweachotherforthelasttime.Theyhadbeenfriendssincetheywere18,bothofthemstudentsatWesleyanCollegeinMacon,Georgia.Mymotherwasthedreamyone,wholovedtoreadanddreamherselfasanactress.Martha,however,wasmorepractical.I’mnotsurewhattheyhadincommonexceptthattheytrustedeachother,helpedeachother,andstayedintouchevenwhenlifeseparatedthem.MarthaspentmostofheradulthoodinAtlanta,wheresheraisedthreekids.Mymother,meanwhile,raisedeightchildren,andmovedmanytimesduringherfinanciallyandemotionallytroubledmarriage,whichincludedseveralmonthslivingwithherfamilyinseedvmotels.Isensedmymotherhidhertroublesfrommostpeople,butnotfromMartha,andIknewfrommymotherthatMarthacarriedherownsorrows.Theirwillingnesstosharesorrowwithoutjudgmentwaspartofwhatbondthem.Thebestfriendshipscanalsowithstand（抵挡）periodswithoutcommunication.Theydidn’tcommunicatealot—thiswasbeforetheeaseofemailsandtextsandyetIknewtheywerealwaysineachother’sminds.Onedayin2008,1drovemymothertoMartha’shousefortheirfinalvisit.Themomentmymotherhobbled（蹒跚）intoMartha’shouse,theythrewtheirarmsaroundeachotherandwenttositoutinthegarden,laughinguntiltheyweredizzy.Isnappedaphoto,andspottedsomethingjoyous,youngandfreeonmymom,whichexistedonlyinthepresenceofherbestfriend.Twoyearslater,mymotherdied.OfallthepeopleIhadtotell,MarthawasthehardestbecauseIfeltiterasedherpast.Afterthat,welosttouch.ButIstillthinkofherandhowthatfriendshipstrengthenedmymother.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“seedy”inParagraph3probablymean?A.large B.dirty C.urban D.brightTheauthor’smotherandMarthahadalastingfriendshippartlybecausethey .A.werewillingtoshare B.wereconstantlyintouchC.hadmuchincommon D.hadalikenessinpersonalityWhatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?Totelltheimportanceoffriendship.Toexpresshisgratitudetohismother.Tosharehisstandardofchoosingafriend.TopraisethefriendshipbetweenMarthaandhismother.BAmaletigerwasrescuedinMishancity,NortheastChina'sHeilongjiangprovince,onFriday.AtigerwasrecentlyseenontheSinerRussianborder（边界）,butthereisnoevidencetosuggestthisisthesametigerorthatithadlostitswayfromRussia.Whereveritmayhavecomefrom,cross-borderprotectionofendangeredspeciesisaproblem.AccordingtoMaJianzhang,aseniorwildanimalresearcherinChina,tigersknownoborders,whichhavebeenbuilttostophumansfromillegallycrossingover.However,thesebordersalsostopthefreemovementoftigers,thuspreventingtheirbreeding（繁殖）andexchangeofgenes.TheSino-Russianborderalsocomesinthewayofprotectingtigersintheregion.Datashowabout500to550Siberiantigers,orover90percentofthespecies,liveinthewildinRussia;27liveinthewildinChina,and50intheborderregion.Sometimestigerslosetheirwayacrosstheborderandthatishindering（妨碍）effortstostopillegalhuntingandprotectingthem.Fortunately,bothChinaandRussiahaverealizedthisproblemandareworkingtowardsolvingit.Asearlyas2010,thetwocountriesestablishedacross-borderprotectionnetworkaimedatstrengtheningcommunicationonprotectingtigersinthenortheast.Thecountrieshavealsoheldanti-poaching（反偷猎）activitiestogether.In2019,twonationalparksfromthetwocountriessignedathree-yeardealtoshareresearchdataontigers,greatlyimprovingthelivingconditionsofSiberiantigersinthewild.However,muchmoreneedstobedonetoprotectthespecies.Itisnecessarytocombinethetigerprotectionareasinthetwocountries.Thatwillrequiregreatereffortsfrombothsidesandsomedifficultiesmightremaineventhen.Fortunately,bothcountrieshavebeentakingeffectivemeasurestoprovidetheendangeredspeciesabetterhome.What'stheoriginalpurposeofsettinguptheSino-Russianborders?Tobanpeoplefromillegalcrossings.Tohelpprotecttigersintheregion.Toprotecttigersfromlosingtheirway.Tostoptigers'breedingandexchangeofgenes.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“comesinthewayof”probablymean?A.keepsfrom. B.isonthewayto C.isaimedat D.keepsupWhatisthefocusofParagraph4?Recentstudiesandresearchesontigers.JointeffortsbyChinaandRussiatoprotecttigers.ThepossibleeffectsofestablishinganetworkReasonsforimprovingthelivingconditionsoftigers.What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?Toinformthepossibledangersoftigerprotection.Tocoverthenewsaboutamissingtigerontheborder.Toputforwardsuggestionsonfindingthemissingtiger.Toreporttheproblemsandmeasuresofcross-bordertigerprotection.CInJapanmanyworkersforlargecorporationshaveaguaranteeoflifetimeemployment.Theywillnotbelaidoffduringrecessionsorwhenthetaskstheyperformaretakenoverbyrobots.Tosomeobservers,thisiscapitalismatitsbest,becauseworkersaretreatedaspeoplenotthings.OthersseeitasnecessarilyinefficientandbelieveitcannotcontinueifJapanistoremaincompetitivewithforeigncorporationsmoreconcernedaboutprofitsandlessconcernedaboutpeople.Defendersofthesystemarguethatthosewhocallitinefficientdonotunderstandhowitreallyworks.InthefirstplacenoteveryJapaneseworkerhastheguaranteeofalifetimejob.Thelifetimeemploymentsystemincludesonly“regularemployees.”Manyemployeesdonotfallintothiscategory,includingallwomen.Allbusinesseshavemanyparttimeandtemporaryemployees.TheseworkersarehiredandlaidoffduringthecourseofthebusinesscyclejustasemployeesintheUnitedStatesare.These“irregularworkers”makeupabout10percentofthenonagriculturalworkforce.Additionally,Japanesefirmsmaintainsomeflexibilitythroughtheextensiveuseofsubcontractors.ThispracticeismuchmorecommoninJapanthanintheUnitedStates.TheuseofbothsubcontractorsandtemporaryworkershasincreasedmarkedlyinJapansincethe1974-1975recession.AllthisleadssomepeopletoarguethattheJapanesesystemreallyisnotallthatdifferentfromtheAmericansystem.DuringrecessionsJapanesecorporationslayofftemporaryworkersandgivelessbusinesstosubcontractors.IntheUnitedStates,corporationslayoffthoseworkerswiththeleastworkingexperience.Thedifferencethenisprobablylessthantheterm“lifetimeemployment”suggests,buttherestillisadifference.AndthisdifferencecannotbeunderstoodwithoutlookingatthevaluesofJapanesesociety.Therelationshipbetweenemployerandemployeecannotbeexplainedinpurelycontractualterms.Firmsholdontotheemployeesandthatemployeesstaywithonefirm.Therearealsopracticalreasonsfornotjumpingfromjobtojob.Mostretirementbenefitscomefromtheemployer.Changingjobsmeanslosingthesebenefits.Also,teamworkisanessentialpartofJapaneseproduction.Movingtoanewfirmmeansadaptingtoadifferentteamandatleasttemporarily,lowerproductivityandlowerpay.Accordingtothepassage,awomaninJapan .A.cannotgetalifetimejob B.isimpossibletogetaparttimejobC.willbeemployedforlife D.isamongtheregularworkersWhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhyJapaneseworkersstaywithonefirm?A.Theydon’twanttolosetheirretirementbenefits. B.Theyarenotadaptablepeople.C.Anychangeofjobswillmakethemlesspaid. D.Theygetusedtotheteamwork.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat .thosewhowanttochangejobsfrequentlyinJapanshouldthinktwicethosewhoarefirstlaidoffbyAmericancorporationsaretemporaryworkerstheuseofsubcontractorsmakesJapanesefirmslessflexibletheJapanesesystemistotallydifferentfromtheAmericansystemWhatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?Theextremelyhardsituationduringrecessions.TheextensiveuseofsubcontractorsinJapan.ThecharacteristicsofcorporationsintheUnitedStates.ThefeaturesoflifetimeemploymentinJapan.DDogsareoftencalledas"man'sbestfriend”，MacKenzie,afour-poundChihuahua（吉娃娃）,wasnamedwinnerofthe2020AmericanHeroDogCompetitiononOctober19,2020.Initstenthyearin2020theannualcontestisthebrainchildofAmericanHumane,thecountry'sfirstnationalcharitableorganizationfoundedforthesafetyandwell-beingofanimals.Oftencalledthe“Oscarsfordogs”,theawardrecognizesdogswhomakeextremelygreatcontributionstosociety.Thecompetitionof2020attractedover400entries（参赛者）fromacrossthecountry.Theseheroicdogshavegoneabovethecallofduty,savinglives,comfortingtheillandagedandremindingusofthepowerful,age-oldtiesbetweenanimalsandpeople.Whileallwereimpressive,itwastinyMacKenziewhowonthejudges'hearts.MacKenzie'sgrowthwasnoteasy.Bornwithamouthdisability,shehadtobefedthroughatube（管子）forthefirstyearofherlife.Despiteherownstruggles,shealwaysseemedtothinkmoreofotheranimalsinneed.“NeverhaveIseensuchawilltolive.Thoughsick,shecarefullylookedafterthebabyanimalsattherescue（救助）center,”saidhercaretaker.Alife-savingoperationperformedin2014gaveMacKenzietheabilitytoeatindependently.Theseven-year-oldchihuahuaisnowworkingfortheMiaFoundation,anorganizationthatrescuesandnursesanimalswithinborndisabilities.Thechihuahuadoesanexcellentjobandhasraisedvariousanimals.Sheplaysnurse,cleans,comfortsandhugsthem,actingastheirmotherandteachingthemhowtosocialize,playandhavegoodmanners.Inadditiontoherroleasananimalcaretaker,MacKenziealsovisitsschoolstoeducatekidsabouttheimportanceofacceptingphysicaldifferencesinbothanimalsandpeople.HerheartwarmingandinspiringstorymakesMacKenzieaworthyreceiverofAmerica'stopdoghonor.WhatcanweinferabouttheAmericanHeroDogCompetition?A.Itwasfirstheldin2010 B.Itwasheldtohonorcaretakersofdogs.C.Ittakesplaceeverytenyears. D.Itwasstartedbyacharitableorganization.WithwhatqualitydidMacKenziewintheaward?A.Talentandbravery B.Friendlinessandcare.C.Courageandselflessness. D.Confidenceandindependence.InwhichaspectcanstudentsbenefitfromMacKenzie'svisits?A.Learningfromfailures. B.Understandingthedisabled.C.Valuingphysicalhealth. D.Developingpracticalability.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.DogsAreMan'sBestFriends. B.TreatDogstheWayWeWanttoBeTreated.C.TouchingStoriesbetweenMacKenzieandPeople D.2020AmericanHeroDog:ATinyChihuahua.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项HowtoHaveaHealthyBrainStayingfitisnotjustforyourbody. 16 Brainfitnessisaboutkeepingthemindsharpandpreventingcognitive（认知的）disease.Youhavetheabilitytodevelophealthybrainthroughbrainexerciseandsocialinteraction.Nomatterwhenyoustart,whetherit’searlyorlateinlife,followingsomesimplepracticescanhelpinmentalhealth.Learnanewskill. 17 Newskillsnotonlyimprovememory,buttheyhelpthepartofthebrainthatensuresprotectionofthememories.What’smore,newskills,particularlymoredifficultskills,areofmorebenefittobrainfunctions（功能）thaneasyones.18BraingamessuchasSudoku（九宫格）andcrosswordpuzzleshavebeenshowntoimproveconnectionsinthebrain.Theyalsoaffectshort-termmemory,andhavebeenshowntobegoodtothebrainhealth.Sotrytokeepyourmindasactiveaspossible.Practicememorization.Workwithshortgoalsfirst.Andthentrymemorizingincreasinglymoredifficultlists.ItcanbethestatesintheU.S.,orthebonesinthehumanbody. 19 Readandlearnnewworksoften.Readingaseriesofmaterial—books,magazinesorpoetryexercisesthebrain. 20 Andithasbeenshowntoimprovebrainandenlargebrainactivityinmanydifferentparts.Playbraingames.Challengeyourdecisions.Itisalsoimportanttokeepafitbrain.Tryingtomemorizedifficultlistshelpsthebraingreatly.Itisagreatwaytoimproveyourspiritandmentalhealth.Learningnewwordsissimilartolearninganewlanguage.Researchhasshownthatnewskillscanimprovebrainfunctions.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项CeciliaChiangdiedonWednesdayatherhomeinSanFrancisco.Shewas100.HerSanFranciscorestaurant,theMandarin, 21 Americandinersinthe1960stotherichnessand 22 ofauthenticChinesecuisine.Ms.Chiangwasbornina 23 family.Whenshewaslittle,childrenwerenotallowedinthe 24 ,butshepaidcloseattentionontripstothe 25 marketswithhermotherandlistenedcarefullyas 26 instructionsweregiventothecooks.Afterherparentsdied,she 27 thefamilybusinessinherteens.AftertheJapaneseoccupiedBeijingin1939,shewas 28 tojoinsinChongqin,whereshemarriedChiangLiang,aprofessor.Ms.ChiangsailedtoSanFranciscoin1960tohelphersister.Thereshemettwowomenwhowantedto 29 arestaurantthat 30 Chinesediets.Later,whenthetwowomen 31 ,Ms.Chiangdecidedtoopenarestaurantherself.Theearlydayswere 32 Butlittlebylittle,customerscame 33 forhotandsoursoupandpan-friedpotstickers.Oneevening,HerbCaen,thepopularcolumnistforTheChronicle, 34 attherestaurant.Ina 35 column,HerbCaen 36 it“alittlehole-in-thewall”thatwasoffering“someofthebestChinesefoodeastofthePacific.”Overnightthe 37 filled.TheMandarinwasonitsway.In1968,Ms.Chiangmovedtherestaurantto 38 quarters,whereshecould 39 300diners.“IthinkI 40 whataverage,peopleknowaboutChinesefood,”Ms.ChiangtoldTheChroniclein2007,“Theydidn'tknowChinawassuchabigcountry.”21.A.attachedB.introducedC.presentedD.opposed22.A.patentB.trendC.varietyD.fashion23.A.wealthyB.poorC.typicalD.powerful24.A.kitchenB.restaurantC.marketD.hotel25.A.countrysideB.foodC.talentD.city26.A.lameB.formalC.validD.detailed27.A.handedoverB.handedupC.tookupD.tookover28.A.forcedB.warnedC.trappedD.split29.A.supportB.openC.promoteD.attain30.A.ateB.orderedC.servedD.learned31.A.gaveoutB.brokedownC.backedoutD.carriedon32.A.difficultB.acuteC.explicitD.lucky33.A.fluentlyB.regularlyC.relevantlyD.sincerely34.A.investedB.exploredC.dinedD.cooperated35.A.rebuildingB.foreseeingC.votingD.following36.A.showedB.toldC.allocatedD.called37.A.targetsB.billsC.tablesD.counters38.A.smallerB.largerC.tighterD.cleaner39.A.accelerateB.participateC.guaranteeD.accommodate40.A.changedB.approvedC.identifiedD.disconnected第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式TheuniversityofBirmingham,UK,announcesthatitwillaccepttheGaokaoexamforhigh-flyingChinesestudents___41.___(wish)tojoinitsundergraduatecoursesin2019.Highschoolstudents___42.___completetheNationalHigherEducationEntranceExamination,orGaokao,withtopgradescanapplyfordirectentryintoBirminghamdegreeprogrammes___43.___firstcompletingafoundationyear.Gaokao,which___44.___(hold)acrossChinainearlyJune,is___45.___(increase)acceptedbyuniversitiesinAustralia,theUSA,CanadaandmainlandEuropeBirminghamwillonlybeconsideringhighqualitystudentswhoachieveaminimum80%GaokaoscoreandmeetadditionalacademicandEnglishlanguage___46.___(require).ProfessorJonFrampton,DirectoroftheUniversityofBirmingham’sChinaInstitutesaid,“Iam___47.___(delight)thattheUniversityisnowacceptingtheGaokao.Thisgivesthe___48.___(bright)andbestChinesestudents.___49.___opportunitytomovestraightintothefirstyearofourundergraduateprogrammes