八年级上册Unit1-Unit10单词+重点语法讲解与训练

【致胜中考2021】一轮复习:八上U1词汇+语法讲解

【单词默写】

意思单词词性意思单词词性

厌倦的，烦闷滑翔伞运动

的

饥饿的猪

湿的，潮湿每人，人人，

的，下雨的所有人

精彩的，绝妙商人

的

足够的（地），充不喜爱（的事

足的（地），充分物），厌恶（的事

的（地）物）

没有什么，没在…下面，

有一件东西到…下面

最多，大多数任何人

在任何地方顶部，表面

像…一样，如我自己，我本

同人

活动不多，很少

自行车，脚踏某人

车

鸟某事，某物

好像，似乎，你自己，您自

看来己

日记，记事簿决定，选定

差别，差异建筑物，房子

鸭等待，等候

母鸡想知道，琢磨

小山，山丘伞，雨伞

尝试，设法，

努力

【单词变形】

单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词

dislike

seem

decide

wait

wonder

try

单词复数单词复数单词复数

activityhillhen

duckdifferencediary

birdbicyclePig

paraglidingumbrellabuilding

toptrader

单词比较级最高级单词比较级最高级

bored

hungry

wet

wonderful

【单词变性】

hungry形容词变名词

wonderful形容词变名词

activity名词变形容词

difference名词变形容词

trader名词变动词

decide动词变名词

building名词变动词

【一词多义】

1.as__________________________________________________________________

Asastudent,studyplaysanimportantpart.

Youshouldcomehereassoonaspossible.

AsChinadevelops,ourlifebecomesbetterandbetter.

AsIcamehere,Imetafriendofmine.

Ilikemanyfruitssuchasapples,pearsandsoon.

2.someone__________________________

Heisnotjustsomeone,heisthepresident.

Someonestrangeiswatchingtheroom.

【词汇用法】

1.enough:adv./adj.+enough/adj./enough+n./beadj.enoughtodo/

近义词辨析:too...tovs.so...that/such...that/beadj.engouh

too...to:tooadj./adv.todosth.太...而不能

so...that:soadj./adv.that+从句如此…以至于

such...that:suchNPthat+从句如此…以至于

NP=nounphrase(a/an)+(adj.)+n.

beadj.enough:beadj.enoughtodo足够...

2.seem:seemtodo/seemasif

3.dislike:disliketodo/dislikedoing

相关词辨析:likevs.dislikevs.hate

like:liketodo/likedoing

dislike:disliketodo/dislikedoing

hate:hatetodo/hatedoing

4.difference:makeadiflerence/therearedifferencesbetween...

5.try:v./trytodo/trydoing/tryon/tryone'sbesttodosth.

n./haveatry

6.decide:v./decidetodosth.

7.wait:v./waitforsb./sth./waitatsp./st.

8.wonder:v./wonderi件从句

【高频短语】

suchasmakeadifference

assoonasatatemperatureof

asfarasonthetopof

aslongasbymyself

aswellasfbrmyself

keepadiary_____________________

【攻占语法】

不定代词(一)

一、不定代词的分类:

thingbodyonewhere

some

any

no

every

二、不定代词的位置：不定代词在句中做或,放在的前面

三、不定代词的用法

1.当不定代词做主语时，谓语用

2.形容词修饰不定代词时，放在不定代词的

3.不定代词辨析：

1)somevs.any

some用在中，表示的意思，用于中，表示语气

any用在或者中，表示的意思，用于中，表示

____________意思

2)anyvs.every

Any用于中，强调

Every用于中，强调

3)anyvs.no

no=_____________________________________

四、根据以上内容判断下列句子的正确性，请在正确的句子前打””

□Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellyou.

□Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?

□Idon'thaveanythingtodorightnow.

□Everyoneishere,solet'shaveourclass.

□Anyonewhodrinksthemedicinewillflytothemoon.

□Someonegoesintotheroom.

【词汇练习】

1.Therearemanyinterestingainourschool.Let*sgoandjointhem!

2.Duringthewinterholidays,Ididn*tgoaJuststayedatmyhome.

3.Agoodfriendlikestodothesamethingame.

4.Ifthetemperaturedropsbzerodegree,waterwillturnintoice.

5.Justtryyourbest.Thenyoucanbeayouwant.

6.Somebareflyinginthebluesky.

7.Helookssob.Maybeyoucantakehimouttohavesomefun.

8.Therearealotofnewbinmyhometownnow.It*sgettingbetter.

9.Thereareelevennamesonthelist.Youhavetodonebecauseweonlyneedten.

10.IreallywanttobeawriterwhenIgrowup.ThafswhyIkeeponwritingdeveryday.

11.Didyouhearthedbetweenthesonandthefather?Ifsreallywarm.

12.PleasetellmeaboutyourlikesanddandIcanknowyoumore.

13.Hewantstobuyagift,buthedoesn'thaveemoney.

14.Eishere.Lefsstartthegame.

15.ElizawillstayhereinHangzhouforafdays.

16.Therearelotsofflowersonthehnearmyhome.

17.Aftersuchalongworkyoumayfeelhandthirsty.

18.Todaymoftheteenagersusethecellphonestochatonlinewiththeirfriends.

19."Don'tworryaboutme.Icanlookaftermwell."saidMaryatPudongairport.

20.Myfavoritesayingis,"Nisimpossibleifyouputyourheartintoit.

21.Itsthatheisverysmart.

22.Theysatunderthemoonandtoldeachothersaboutghosts.

23.Intheend,weclimbedtothetofthemountainsafely.

24.ManyChinesetcameheretomakemoremoney.

25.Hethisbesttomakeushappywhenwewereonvacationlastsummer.

26.Peopleneeduorraincoatswhenitrainshard.

27.Thestudentsarewfortheteacherquietly.

28.Youwillgetwintherainifyougooutnow.

29.HowIwwhafsonthemoon.PmsureIcangotoseeitoneday.

30.Boys,whenyouthinkofylessthanothers,youcangetmorefriends.

【语法练习】

1.Buttheycan*tsee(something)overtheradio.

2.Ijusthidbehindmytextbookandneversaid(something)inclass.

3.IfathieRd、偷)comesintoourhouse,itwon'tseehimandhecansteal(偷)(something)hewants.”

4.Thisweek,myfamilytriedtosaveelectricity(省电).WeswitchedofF(关掉)theTVwhen

(somebody)waswatchingit.

5.Areyoutaking(something)toher?

6.Butit'sgoodfbrtheenvironmentanditdoesn'tcost(something).

7.ManyChineseparentswoulddo(something)tosendtheirchildrentoexpensiveschoolsthoughtheir

familyisn'trichenough.

8.Now,Icanlearnthecourses(课程)(somewhere),anytimeandfbrfree!Thafsprettyamazing!?,he

said.

9."Whydidn't（someone）sayhitomeorinvitemetohisorherlunchtable?

10.Youneedn'tbuyyoudon'twant.

A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing

11.Hecaredabouthissunflowerssomuch,butintheend,hegotbecausehewasimpatient（没有耐心

的）.

A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing

12.Therewasagroupofpeoplewhotookthesamebuseverymorningintothecity.talkedtoeachother.

A.SomebodyB.NobodyC.AnybodyD.Everybody

13.refused（拒绝）toputafingeronFreddy'spaper.OnlyHazeldid.

A.EverybodyB.SomebodyC.AnybodyD.Nobody

14.Shecalledhersoon,butanswered.Soshetoldthelittleboytogototellhisfatheraboutit.

A.nobodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.anybody

15.Sodon'tlettakeawayyourdreams.Followyourdreams,nomatterwhattheyare.

A.anyoneB.everyoneC.someoneD.none

【参考答案】

意思单词词性意思单词词性

厌倦的，烦闷的boredadj.滑翔伞运动paraglidingn.

饥饿的hungryadj.猪Pign.

湿的，潮湿的，wetadj.每人，人人，所有everyonepron.

下雨的人

精彩的，绝妙的wonderfuladj.商人tradern.

足够的（地），充enoughadj.&adv.不喜爱（的事物），dislikev.&n.

足的（地），充分厌恶（的事物）

的（地）

没有什么，没有nothingpron.在…下面，到…下belowprep.&adv.

一件东西面

最多，大多数mostadj.,adv.&pron.任何人anyonepron.

在任何地方anywhereadv.顶部，表面topn.

像…一样，如同asadv.我自己，我本人myselfpron.

活动activityn.不多，很少fewadj.&pron.

自行车，脚踏车bicyclen.某人someonepron.

鸟birdn.某事，某物somethingpron.

好像，似乎，看seemV.(pl.yourselves)^yourselfpron.

来自己，您自己

日记，记事簿diaryn.决定，选定decideV.

差别，差异differencen.建筑物，房子buildingn.

鸭duckn.等待，等候waitV.

母鸡henn.想知道，琢磨wonderV.

小山，山丘hilln.伞，雨伞umbrellan.

尝试，设法，努tryv.&n.

力

单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词

dislikedislikesdislikeddislikeddisliking

seemseemsseemedseemedseeming

decidedecidesdecideddecideddeciding

waitwaitswaitedwaiteddecided

wonderwonderswonderedwonderedwondering

trytriestriedtriedtrying

单词复数单词复数单词复数

activityactivitieshillhillshenhens

duckducksdifferencedifferencesdiarydiaries

birdbirdsbicyclebicyclesPigpigs

paragliding/umbrellaumbrellasbuildingbuildings

top/tradertraders

单词比较级最高级Gi司比较级最高级

boredmoreboredmostboredwetwetterwettest

wonderfulmorewonderfulmostwonderful

hungry形容词变名词hunger

wonderful形容词变名词wonder

activity名词变形容词active

difference名词变形容词different

trader名词变动词trade

decide动词变名词decision

building名词变动词build

Las作为与…一样随着当…时候举例

Asastudent,studyplaysanimportantpart.

Youshouldcomehereassoonaspossible.

AsChinadevelops,ourlifebecomesbetterandbetter.

AsIcamehere,Imetafriendofmine.

Ilikemanyfruitssuchasapples,pearsandsoon.

2.someone重要人物某人

Heisnotsomeone,heisjustastudentinWcnlanmiddleschool.

Someonestrangeiswatchingtheroom.

【高频短语】

suchas比如，举例atatemperatureof以…的温度

assoonas一…就onthetopof在…的顶部

asfaras就…所知bymyself独自

aslongas只要formyself亲自

aswellas也，又，而且

keepadiary记日记

makeadifference使…与众不同

一、不定代词的分类:

thingbodyonewhere

somesomethingsomebodysomeonesomewhere

anyanythinganybodyanyoneanywhere

nonothingnobodynoonenowhere

everyeverythingeverybodyeveryoneeverywhere

二、不定代词的位置：不定代词在句中做主语或宾语,放在形容词的前面

三、不定代词的用法

1.当不定代词做主语时，谓语用单数

2.形容词修饰不定代词时，放在不定代词的后面

3.不定代词辨析：

1)somevs.any

some用在肯定句中，表示一些的意思，用于疑问句中,表示委婉语气

any用在疑问句或者否定句中,表示一些的意思,用于肯定句中,表示任何意思

2)anyvs.every

Any用于肯定句中，强调仝体

Every用于肯定句中，强调整体

3)anyvs.no

no=notany

四、根据以上内容判断下列句子的正确性，请在正确的句子前打r”

A/Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellyou.

〈Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?

\Idon'thaveanythingtodorightnow.

“Everyoneishere,solefshaveourclass.

\Anyonewhodrinksthemedicinewillflytothemoon.

\Someonegoesintotheroom.

【词汇练习】

Activitiesanywhereasbelowanythingbirdsboredbuildingsdecide

diariesdifferencesdislikesenoughEveryonefewhillhungrymost

myselfNothingseemssomethingtoptraderstriedumbrellaswaiting

wetwonderyourselves

【语法练习】

Anythinganythinganythingnobodyanythinganythinganythinganywhere

anyoneBDDAA

【致胜中考2021】一轮复习:八上U2词汇+语法讲解

【单词默写】

意思单词词性意思单词词性

忙的，满的，充满在线（的），互联网

的（的）

健康，人的身体，（用以引出比较的第

（或精神）状态二部分）比

最小的，最少的头脑，心智

这样的，那样的，无用的东西，无价

类似的值的东西

几乎，差不多杂志，期刊

（国际）互联网，因在任何时候，从

特网来，曾经

几乎不，几乎没有百分之…

然而，不过得分，点

最小，最少节目

较少，较小结果，后果

大概，或许，可能摆动，秋千

一次，曾经电视节目，电视机

在一起，共同作者，作家

两次，两倍以，凭借，穿过

虽然，尽管，即使家务劳动，家务事

身体没有一个，毫无

咖啡消失，灭亡，死亡

牙科医生（使）摆动，摇摆

【单词变形】

单词■:单过去式过去分词现在分词

die

swing

单词复数复数单词复数

bodymindpercent

coffeejunkpoint

dentistmagazineprogram

televisionswingresult

writerhousework

单词比较级最高级

little

【单词变性】

full形容词变动词

health名词变形容词

writer名词变动词

die动词变名词

【一词多义】

1.full_________________________________________

I'msorryIcan'tgotoyourpartybecauseI'mreallyfullthesedays.

Thebottleisfullofdifferentthingslikerocks,sandsandwater.

rmfull.Ican'teatanymore.

2.once_____________________________________

Onceuponatime,therewasagirlnamedCiderella.

Onceyoufindtherightway,youcansolvetheproblemeasily.

IhavebeentoBeijingonce.

Theappleisoncebiggerthanthepear.

3.point______________________________________________________

Thefinalpointforhismathexamis90.

Thelittleboypointstoaladywhoishismother.

Couldyougivemeyourpointofview?

What'sthemostimportantpvintinthisbook?

4.mind________________________________

Doyoumindclosingthedoor?

Theteachersays,“keepthewordsinyourmind.”

Hemadeuphismindtoworkhardandtriedtoentertheuniversity.

5.through___________________________________________

Acardrivesatahighspeedthroughthetunnel.

Maryfinallygetsintoherdreamhighschoolthroughherhardwork.

Ican'tgetthroughbecauseoftheheavystorm.

Thewomanwhosutlersdiseasefinallylivedthroughthesurgery.

【词汇用法】

1.such:adj./such+NP/such...that/suchas

近义词辨析：suchvs.so

such:such+NP

so:so+adj./adv.

近义词辨析：too…tovs.so...that/such...that/bcadj.engouh

too...to:tooadj./adv.todosth.太...而不能

so...that:soadj./adv.that+从句如此…以至于

such...that:suchNPthat+从句如此…以至于

NP=nounphrase(a/an)+(adj.)+n.

beadj.enough:beadj.enoughtodo足够...

近义词辨析:suchasvs.forexamplevs.like

suchas:suchas+n.

forexample:forexample,十句子

like:like+n.

2.however:adv./放在句首，句中，句末，但是

相关词辨析：althoughvs.vs.thoughvs.butvs.however

although:conj./放在句首，虽然

though:adv./co睢/放在句首,句中，句末,虽然，但是

but:conj./放在句中，但是

however:adv./放在句首，句中，句末，但是

3.maybe:adv./放在句首

相关词辨析:maybevs.maybe

maybe:adv./放在句首

maybe:v./放在句中

4.although:conj./放在句首,虽然

相关词辨析：althoughvs.vs.thoughvs.butvs.however

although:conj./放在句首，虽然

though:adv./conj./放在句首，句中，句末，虽然，但是

but:conj./放在句中，但是

however:adv./放在句首，句中，句末，但是

【高频短语】

befullofmakeupone'smind

beingoodhealthasaresult_____________________

atleastthroughefforts

suchthatdieof_____________________

hardlyeverdiefrom_____________________

lessthandieout_____________________

keepinminddiedown

minddoing

【攻占语法】

不定代词（二）

一、不定代词的分类:

两者三者及以上

都

都不

择其一

二、不定代词的用法

1.满足就近原则的词:______________________________

2.句中表示否定意义的词:________________________________

3.做主语时，谓语单复数均可的词:____________________________________

4.做主语时，谓语用复数:_____________________________

5.做主语时，谓语用单数:________________________________________________

6.某人也不______________________________________

【词汇练习】

1.Amanypeopledidn'tbelieveTrumpcouldwin,hemadeitintheend.

2.Weexerciseaeveryday.That'swhywearegettingstronge匚

3.Easiersaidtdone.Soweshouldtalkless,domore.

4.IwanttobuyacupofcatStarbucks.

5.Tokeepourteethhealthy,weshouldgotothedtwoorthreetimesayear.

6.Hefinallyfellasleepwhenthewindwasddownataround3:00a.m.

7.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn'tgettosleepandfeltthathewasfofenergy.

8.HamburgersarenothealthyfoodsoIheatthem.

9.Mygrandfatheroftendoexercisesothathecankeepingoodh.

10.Sueoftenhelpshermotherwithsomehonweekends.

11.I'minterestedinplayingchess.H,myparentsonlywantmetostudyhard.

12.SomechildrenoftenusetheItohelptheirstudy.

13.Don*teattoomuchjfood,itsbadforyourhealth.

14.Dave*sparentsaskhimtostudyatItwohourseverynight.

15.We'dbetterdomoreexerciseandeatIfood.

16.KatelikestoreadamcalledReaderinherfreetime.

17.Hemknowstheanswer.Youcanaskhimforhelp.

18.It'shardtokeepourmonthestudybecauseofthenoiseoutside.

19.Mrs.Whitehasthreechildrenbutnofthemlivesnearby.

20.Shegoesothreeorfourtimesaweek.ShelikessurfingtheInternet.

21.Accordingtoasurvey,morethan40pofChinesecitiesarefacingthehazy（雾霾）weatherevery

year.

22.Whenthehandsoftheclockpto12O'clock,everyonecheeredupfortheNewYear.

23.China'sGotShowisveryinteresting,andit'soneofmyson,sfavoriteTVp.

24.Asarofglobalwarming,summerisgettinghotterandhotter.

25.ChairmanMaowassagreatmanthatalltheChineserememberedhimforever.

26.Shenevergoestolearnsdancebecauseshedislikesit.

27.Icouldn'tgettthedoorbecausethereisaboxintheway.

28.JakeoftengoeshometwithhisbestfriendJohn.

29.Igotothemoviesmaybetamonthwithmyfriends.

30.MarkTwainisoneofthebestlovedwintheUSA.

【语法练习】

1.AllIwant(be)tohaveagoodgrade.

2.BothmysisterandI(think)thatJayChouisatrulytalentedsinge匚

3.BothSamandSally(get)goodgradesbecausetheyworkedveryhardeveryday.

4.Ihaven*tbeentoNewYorkbeforeandneither(have)mysister.

5.NeitherAnnanorI(be)interestedinthemovie,sowewentshopping,instead.

6.Neitherofmyparents(go)toworkyesterday.Theystayedathome.

7.Neitheroftheplans(work)well.Weneedtomakeathirdone.

8.Neitherofthetwoanswers(be)right.Doyouhaveathirdone?

9.Neitherofus(do)anyhomework,soourteacherwasveryangrywithMarkandme.

10.NeitherSamnorsally(win)thecompetition.ThewinnerwasTim.

11.Neitherofthetwins(like)swimming.Theybothlikeplayingbasketball.

12.Thefirstbookwasnotgood,neither(be)thesecondone.

13.Theygavetwoanswers,butneitherofthem(be)right.

14.We'vegottwoTVs,butneither(work)properly,sowehavetobuyanewonethisweekend.

15.Neitherofthebooks(be)mine.

【参考答案】

意思单词词性意思单词词性

忙的，满的，充满fulladj.在线（的），互联网onlineadj.&adv.

的（的）

健康，人的身体，healthn.（用以引出比较的第thanprep.&conj.

（或精神）状态二部分）比

最小的，最少的leastadj.&pron.头脑，心智mindn.

这样的，那样的，suchadj.&pron.无用的东西，无价junkn.

类似的值的东西

几乎，差不多almostadv.杂志，期刊magazinen.

（国际）互联网，因Internetn.在任何时候，从everadv.

特网来，曾经

几乎不，几乎没有hardlyadv.百分之…(percent)percentn.

然而，不过howeveradv.得分，点pointn.

最小，最少leastadv.仁programme)节目programn.

较少，较小lessadv.结果，后果resultn.

大概，或许，可能maybeadv.摆动，秋千swingn.

一次，曾经onceadv.电视节目，电视机televisionn.

在一起，共同togetheradv.作者，作家writern.

两次，两倍twiceadv.以，凭借，穿过throughprep.

虽然，尽管，即使althoughconj.家务劳动，家务事houseworkn.

身体bodyn.没有一个，毫无nonepron.

咖啡coffeen.消失，灭亡，死亡dieV.

牙科医生dentistn.（使）摆动，摇摆swingV.

单词■:单过去式过去分词现在分词

diediesdieddieddying

swingswingsswangswungswinging

单词复数单词复数单词复数

bodybodiesmindmindspercent/

coffee/junk/pointpoints

dentistdentistsmagazinemagazinesprogramprograms

televisiontelevisionsswing/resultresults

writerwritershousework/

单词比较级最高级

littlelessleast

full形容词变动词fill

health名词变形容词healthy

writer名词变动词write

die动词变名词death

l.fullOl诞饱了

I'msorryIcan'tgotoyourpartybecauseFmreallyfullthesedays.

Thebottleisfullofdifferentthingslikerocks,sandsandwater.

I'mfull.Ican'teatanymore.

2.once从前一旦一次一倍

Onceuponatime,therewasagirlnamedCiderella.

Onceyoufindtherightway,youcansolvetheproblemeasily.

IhavebeentoBeijingonce.

Theappleisoncebiggerthanthepear.

3.point分数指向观点要点

Thefinalpointfbrhismathexamis90.

Thelittleboypointstoaladywhoishismother.

Couldyougivemeyourpointofview?

What'sthemostimportantpointinthisbook?

4.mind介意记住决心

Doyoumindclosingthedoor?

Theteachersays,"keepthewordsinyourmind.”

Hemadeuphismindtoworkhardandtriedtoentertheuniversity.

5.through通过凭借接通存活

Aca