高二英语人教版必修八讲义UNIT3SECTIONⅣ

Ⅰ.Skimthepassagequicklyandfindoutthemainideaofit.It_mainly_talks_about_the_life_of_Alexander_Graham_Bell_and_how_he_made_the_great_inventions.Ⅱ.Choosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthemicrophonebecause________.A．hewasinterestedinthemicrophoneB．helikedinventinganythinghelikedC．hewantedtohelpdeafpeoplelikehismothertomunicatewithothersD．hehadnothingtodobutkillthetime2．WhatwasnotincludedinAlexanderBell'sexperimentmentionedinthepassage?A．Astraw. B．Amicrophone.C．Smokedglass. D．Adeafman'seardrum.3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．Bell'sexplorationanddynamicspiritledtohisinventionofthetelephone.B．Bellinventedthefirsttelephoneinsearchingtoimprovethetelegraph.C．Bellwasalwaysaimedatimprovingthequalityofeveryone'slife.D．Bellsenthisfirsttelephonemessagebeforehegothispatent.4．FromthewholepassagewecanseethatAlexanderGrahamBellwas________.A．poor B．creativeC．rich D．kind答案：1～4CBDBⅠ.单词拼写1．Understandingtheinstructionsrequiresaninthgradereadingpetence(力量)．2．Theamountofrainfall(降雨)determinesthequalityofthecrop.3．Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestobringdownthehighpricesofdailygoodstokeepthemarketstable(稳定的)．4．Tobehonest,Icouldhardlybear(忍受)beingtreatedasrudelyasthat.5．Thatgirltapped(敲)herfingersonthedeskimpatiently.6．Ididn'tfindhisnameinthedirectory(簿).Doyouhavehisphonenumber?7．Hetouchedtheboy'sforehead(额头).Itwasburninghot.8．Whentheiceisheatedabovefreezing(冰冻的)point,itbeginstochangeintoaliquidstate.Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．associatevt.联想；联系n．同伴；伙伴→associationn．社团；协会；联合；联想2．freezingadj.冰冻的；寒冷的→freezevt.&vi.冻结；凝固→frozenadj.冻结的；被冰掩盖的；寒冷的3．innocentadj.清白的；无罪的；天真的→innocencen．清白4．practicen．实践→practicaladj.实践的；实际的；有用的5．extendvi.延长→extensionn．扩大；延长6．currentn．(水或气)流；电流adj.现在的；当前的→currentlyadv.当前地；目前地→currencyn．货币；通用；流通；流传7．petentadj.有力量的；能胜任的→petencen．力量；胜任8．identificationn．鉴定；识别；确定；身份证明→identifyvt.鉴定；识别；确定[巧记单词]派生词例词规律freezingv.＋­ing→adj.associationv.＋­ion→n.practicalv.＋­al→adj.Ⅲ.补全短语1．diveinto快速把手伸入；一心投入2．setout(todo)开头(做)3．beassociatedwith和……有联系4．hangon不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住5．outoforder次序颠倒；发生故障6．getthrough设法联系上(尤指打通)；(设法)做完；通过7．ringback回复8．ringoff挂断1．[教材原句]Everytimeyoudoyouwillbecertaintofindsomethingthatyouhaveneverseenbefore.每一次当你这么做的时候，你肯定会发觉以前从未见过的东西。[句型点拨]everytime引导的是一个时间状语从句，意为“每当……〞，相当于whenever。[佳句赏析]EverytimeImeetwithhim,helookshappy.每次我遇见他，他都是一副幸福的样子。2．[教材原句]Followitup,exploreallaroundit,andbeforeyouknowit,youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.跟踪下去，不断探究，不知不觉中，你就会发觉某种值得你思索的东西占据着你的头脑。[句型点拨]“祈使句＋and＋陈述句〞结构。[佳句赏析]Findwaystopraiseyourchildrenoften,andyou'llfindtheywillopentheirheartstoyou.常常找一些方法表扬你的孩子们，你会发觉他们将会向你敞快乐扉。3．[教材原句]Thepatentwasgivenin1876,butitwasnotuntilfivedayslaterthatBellsenthisfirsttelephonemessagetohisassistantWatson.这项专利是1876年发布的，但是贝尔是在5天之后才跟他的助手华生通了第一个。[句型点拨]not...until...的强调句式。[佳句赏析]ItwasnotuntilthenthatIrealizedwordscouldbepowerfulinbothpositiveandnegativeways.直到那时我才意识到语言既有乐观的力气也有消极的力气。eq\a\vs4\al([课文对译])ALEXANDERGRAHAMBELLAlexanderGrahamBellwasbornin1847inScotland,butwhenhewasyounghisfamilymovedtoBoston,USA.Hismotherwasalmostentirelydeaf,soAlexanderbecameinterestedinhelpingdeafpeoplemunicateandindeafeducation.Thisinterestledhimtoinventthemicrophone.Hefoundthatbypressinghislipsagainsthismother'sforehead,hecouldmakehismotherunderstandwhathewassaying.Hebelievedthatoneshouldalwaysbecuriousandhismostfamoussayingwas：“Leavethebeatentrackoccasionallyanddiveintothewoods.Everytimeyoudoyouwillbecertaintofindsomethingthatyouhaveneverseenbefore.Followitup,exploreallaroundit,andbeforeyouknowit,youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.Allreallybigdiscoveriesaretheresultofthought.〞Itwasthisexploringaroundproblemsandhisdynamicspiritthatledtohismostfamousinvention—thetelephonein1876.Bellneversetouttoinventthetelephoneandwhathewastryingtodesignwasamultipletelegraph.ThisoriginaltelegraphsentamessageoverdistancesusingMorsecode(aseriesofdotstappedoutalongawireinaparticularorder).Butonlyonemessagecouldgoatatime.Bellwantedtoimproveitsothatitcouldsendseveralmessagesatthesametime.Hedesignedamachinethatwouldseparatedifferentsoundwavesandallowdifferentconversationstobeheldatthesametime.Buthefoundtheproblemdifficulttosolve.Onedayashewasexperimentingwithoneendofastrawjoinedtoadeafman'seardrumandtheothertoapieceofsmokedglass,Bellnoticedthatwhenhespokeintotheear,thestrawdrewsoundwavesontheglass.Suddenlyhehadaflashofinspiration.Ifsoundwavescouldbereproducedinamovingelectricalcurrent,theycouldbesentalongawire.Insearchingtoimprovethetelegraph,Bellhadinventedthefirsttelephone!Bellwasfullyawareoftheimportanceofhisinventionandwrotetohisfather：“Thedayisingwhentelegraphwireswillbelaidontohousesjustlikewaterorgas—andfriendswilltalktoeachotherwithoutleavinghome.〞Thepatentwasgivenin1876,butitwasnotuntilfivedayslaterthatBellsenthisfirsttelephonemessagetohisassistantWatson.Thewordshavenowbeefamous：“MrWatson—ehere—Iwanttoseeyou.〞AlexanderGrahamBellwasnotamantorestandheinterestedhimselfinmanyotherareasofinvention.Heexperimentedwithhelicopterdesignsandflyingmachines.Whilesearchingforakitestrongenoughtocarryamanintotheair,Bellexperimentedputtingtrianglestogetheranddiscoveredthetetrahedronshape.Beingverystable,ithasprovedinvaluableinthedesignofbridges.Bellwasaninventorallhislife.Hemadehisfirstinventionatelevenandhislastatseventy­five.Althoughheismostoftenassociatedwiththeinventionofthetelephone,hewasindeedacontinuingsearcherafterpracticalsolutionstoimprovethequalityofeverybody'slife.亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔1847年诞生于苏格兰。但在他还小的时候，他家就搬到了的波士顿。他的母亲几乎是全聋人，因此他有志于关心聋人沟通，并从事聋人教育事业。这一爱好促使他制造了麦克风。他发觉他把嘴唇放到母亲的额头上，就可以使她听懂他所说的话。他认为一个人应当总是有奇怪???心理。他最出名的一段话是：“间或离开平路去寻求逆境。每次当你这样做的时候，你肯定会发觉以前从未见过的东西。跟踪下去，不断探究，不知不觉中，你就会发觉某种值得思索的东西盘踞着你的头脑。全部真正宏大的发觉都是思索的结果。〞正是这种对问题的探究和富有活力的精神造就了他那最闻名的制造——1876年的。贝尔并非一开头就想要制造，他原来想设计的东西是多路电报。这种原始的电报是在一段距离中用莫尔斯电码传递信息(莫尔斯电码是通过电线发出的以特定的次序敲击出的一连串点划)，但是这样只能一次发一个信息。贝尔想改良电报通讯方式，以便同时能发出好几个信息。他设计了一种机器，以使声波分成不同的音调，从而有可能在同一时间里进行不同的通话。但是他发觉这个问题很难解决。有一天做试验，他把一根干草的一端和一个聋子的耳鼓膜连接起来，另一端连接一块被烟熏过的玻璃。贝尔发觉，当他对着耳朵说话的时候，这根干草就把声波画在玻璃上。突然间他灵机一动，灵感来了。假如声波能够以连续运动的电流形式复制的话，那么声波就可以沿着导线传送出去了。在探究改良电报的过程中，贝尔制造了第一台机！贝尔完全懂得这项制造的重要性，他写信告知他的父亲说：“这样的一天即将到来。到那时，电报线将会铺到各家各户，就像水和煤气通到各家各户一样。伴侣之间不必离开家就可以彼此通话了。〞这项专利是1876年发布的，但是贝尔是在5天以后才跟他的助手华生通了第一个。他说的话现在已成名言了：“华生先生——到这儿来——我想见到你。〞亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔是个闲不住的人，他对很多其他领域的制造都感爱好。他试验直升机和飞行器。他查找一种强度足以把人带上天空的风筝，与此同时，他又试着把三角形拼装在一起，因而发觉了四周体。这种四周体特别稳定，被证明是在桥梁设计中的无价之宝。贝尔的一生都在制造制造。他11岁时就有了第一项制造，而他的最终一项制造那么是在他75岁高龄的时候。虽然人们常把他与的制造联系在一起，但是他确实是一名永不停息的探究家，不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的途径。1．Icannotbearthesmellofburntsausageonthebarbecue.(P24)我忍受不了架子上烤焦的香肠的味道。★bear(bore,borne)vt.忍受；忍耐；负担beardoing/todo忍受……bearsb./sb.'sdoing忍受某人做某事bearsth.inmind牢记bear/keepinmindthat...记住……beartheresponsibility/theblame承当责任/受责怪①Icouldn'tbeartolisten/listeninganylonger,soIlefttheroom.我实在听不下去了，便离开了房间。②Hecan'tbear_people_smokingwhilehe'seating.他不能容忍他吃饭时有人吸烟。③Itisaswelltobear/keep_in_mind_thatlaughterisagreatreleaseroftension.你最好记住大笑是消退紧急心情的良方。[点津]bear意为“忍耐，忍受〞时，通常与can,could连用，用于疑问句或否认句中。常见近义词还有：putupwith,stand,tolerate等。2．Leavethebeatentrackoccasionallyanddiveintothewoods.(P25)间或离开平路，去寻求逆境。★diveinto向某方向冲去或奔去；跳水(头朝下)；快速把手伸入；一心投入①Theswimmerdivedintotherivertosavethedrowningchild.这位游泳者跳入河里去营救那个溺水的小孩。②Assoonasheundertookthistask,hedived_intohiswork.他一承当了这项任务，就埋头于工作。godiving去潜水makeadiveforsth.向……快速地冲/扑takeadive突然下降；暴跌③Wemade_a_dive_forthenearestshopwhenitbegantorain.当开头下雨时我们向最近的商店冲去。[联想]请你完成以下表示“一心投入〞的其他短语。①devoteoneselfto＝bedevoted_to②absorboneselfin＝beabsorbedin③buryoneselfin＝beburiedin④occupyoneselfin＝beoccupied_in3．Everytimeyoudoyouwillbecertaintofindsomethingthatyouhaveneverseenbefore.(P25)每一次当你这么做的时候，你肯定会发觉以前从未见过的东西。★句中everytime是名词短语，它相当于连词，引导时间状语从句。类似用法的词语还有：eachtime,anytime,thefirsttime,nexttime,thelasttime等。①Children'slivesareindangerevery/eachtimetheycrossthisroad.孩子们每次过这条公路都面临着生命危急。②Istillrememberthatthe_first_time_we_metatschool,youwerereadingintheclassroom.我仍旧记得：当我们第一次在学校见面时，你正在教室里看书。[点津]thefirsttime表示“第一次〞，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。forthefirsttime表示“第一次〞，作状语，不引导从句。③Howshouldwebehavewhenwemeetsomeonefor_the_first_time?当我们第一次遇到某个人的时候我们应当如何表现？4．Followitup,exploreallaroundit,andbeforeyouknowit,youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.(P25)跟踪下去，不断探究，不知不觉中，你就会发觉某种值得思索的东西占据着你的头脑。★(1)本句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句〞句型。祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。①Workharder,andyouwillsucceedinyourstudies.＝Workingharder,youwillsucceedinyourstudies.＝Ifyouworkharder,youwillsucceedinyourstudies.假如你更加努力学习，在学习上你就会胜利。(2)“祈使句＋or(else)/otherwise＋陈述句〞相当于“if＋否认条件状语从句＋主句〞。②Don'tdrivesofast,or_(else)/otherwiseyou'llhaveanaccident.不要开那么快，否那么你会出事的。(3)“名词词组＋and＋陈述句〞。③Itisreallyverydangerous.One_more_step,_andthebabywillfallintothewell.真危急。再多迈一步，这个小孩就会掉进井里。5．Althoughheismostoftenassociatedwiththeinventionofthetelephone,hewasindeedacontinuingsearcherafterpracticalsolutionstoimprovethequalityofeverybody'slife.(P26)虽然人们常把他与的制造联系在一起，但是他确实是一个永不停息的探究者，不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的可行方法。★associatevt.联想；联系n．同伴；伙伴(1)associatesb./sth.withsb./sth.把……和……联系在一起；由……联想到……associatewithsb.与某人交往或打交道(2)associatedadj.有关联的beassociatedwith...和……有关(3)associationn.联合；联想；交往；协会；团体inassociationwith...与……合伙/合作①Ialwaysassociatethesmellofbakingwithmychildhood.一闻到烘烤食物的味道我就想起了童年。②Thefirststeptomakingfriendsisassociating_withotherpeople.交伴侣的第一步就是要跟他人联系。③Weareworkingin_association_withalocalpanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.我们正在联合一家产地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。6．Hangon,please.(P26)请稍等。★hangon不挂断；坚持；稍等；紧紧握住(tosth.)①It'shardworkbutifyouhangonyou'llsucceedintheend.这是件困难的工作，但假如你坚持不懈，最终是能胜利的。②I'mafraidthe(telephone)lineisengaged.Wouldyouliketo_hang_on?唯恐占线了，请等一下好吗？③Hang_on_tomyarminthecrowd.在拥挤的人群里紧紧抓住我的胳膊。[联想]表示打的常用语还有哪些？①给……打ring_(up)/call/telephone/phone_sb.;_give_sb._a_ring/call②回复ring/call_back③挂断ring_off④不挂断hold_on⑤接answer_the_phone⑥有某人的sb._be_wanted_on_the_phone7．I'msorry,butthisphoneisoutoforder.(P26)对不起，这个坏了。★outoforder次序颠倒；发生故障①Icheckedthefilesandsomeofthepaperswereoutoforder.我检查过卷宗，其中有些次序颠倒了。[点津]outoforder的反义词组：inorder处于正常状况；状况良好②I'llseethateverythingisinorderwhentheguestsarrive.客人来时我会把一切都照料得井井有条。outofbalance不平衡；失去平衡outofcontrol失去掌握outofreach够不到outofshape变形outofplace不适宜的outofsight看不见outofbreath上气不接下气outoftouch失去联系outofwork失业③Thecarranout_of_controlandstruckatree.汽车失去掌握，撞在了树上。④Whentheboyreturnedfromtherace,hewasalreadyout_of_breath.那个男孩跑步回来时，已经上气不接下气了。8．Ican'tgetthrough.(P26)我打不通()。★getthrough设法联系上(尤指打通)；(设法)做完；通过；度过；用完；耗尽写出以下句中getthrough的含义①Wewerealldelightedwhenweheardyouhadgotthroughyourexam.通过②Ididn'tgetthroughjustnowbutsoonherangback.打通③Thesechildrengotthroughwiththeirhomeworkatschool.做完④Shefoundwritinghelpedhergetthroughthetoughdays.度过⑤Howdidyougetthroughallthatmoneyintwodays？用完get(sth.)across(tosb.)(使某事)传播或(为某人)理解getalongwithsb.与某人相处；进展getawaywithsth.携某物潜逃；不因某事受惩处getdownto(doing)sth.开头做某事；仔细处理某事getover爬过……；克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来⑥(2015·陕西高考总分值作文)Secondly,beingpoliteandfriendly,Iameasytoget_along_withandenjoyworkingtogetherwithothers.其次，我礼貌、友好，很简单与人相处，而且喜爱与别人一起工作。⑦It'stimeIgot_down_tothinkingaboutthatessay.我该仔细思索一下那篇论文了。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thegrandmadivedintothebag,broughtouttwoapples,andgavethemtothebeggar.2．IamsorryIhavetohangupnow.Someoneisknockingatthedoor.3．Studyhardandyoureffortswillsurelypayoffsoonerorlater.4．Ican'tbearhaving/to_have(have)petdogsinthehouse.5．Therehasalwaysbeenacloseassociation(associate)betweenthesetwoschools.6．Thecarissaidtohavebeenoutoforderonthehalfwaylastweek.7．Theremustbesomethingwrongwithyourtelephone,forIcouldn'tgetthroughtoyourofficethewholemorning.8．ThefirsttimeIproposedmyplanatthemeeting,themajorityobjectedtoit.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Hehas_been_diving_intothehistoryofChineseliterature.他始终在潜心争论中国文学史。2．Althoughwehavebeenbeaten,wemust_hang_on.尽管被战胜了，但我们必需坚持下去。3.After_I_hung_upIrememberedwhatI'dwantedtosay.我挂断之后才想起原本想说的话。4．Whenyouget_through_the_work,let'sgooutforawalk.当你完成工作后，我们出去漫步?????吧。5.The_first_time_I_saw_her,shewasalittlegirl,butnowshehasgrownup.我第一次见她时，她是一个小姑娘，不过现在她已长大了。6．Ourrefrigeratorisout_of_orderagain.We'dbetterbuyanewoneinsteadofrepairingit.咱们的冰箱又坏了，我们别修它了，最好买一个新的。Ⅲ.一句多译1．早点来，你就能赶上第一班公共汽车。①e_early,_and_you'll_catch_the_first_bus.(and)②e_early,_or_you_will_not_catch_the_first_bus.(or)③If_you_e_early,_you'll_catch_the_first_bus.(条件状语从句)2．他全身心地投入到争论中，没有留意到所发生的一切。①Hedived_intothediscussion,notnoticingwhathadhappened.(dive)②Hewas_absorbed_inthediscussion,notnoticingwhathadhappened.(absorbed)③Hewas_buried_inthediscussion,notnoticingwhathadhappened.(buried)3．有很多严峻的健康问题与吸烟有关。(associate)①Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhich_are_associated_with_smoking.(使用定语从句)②Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsassociated_with_smoking.(使用分词作定语)③Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsin_association_with_smoking.(使用介词短语作定语)[对应同学课下力量提升(十一)]Ⅰ.依据提示写出单词的正确形式1．Canyouprovideanyevidencethatyourfriendwasinnocent(无罪的)ofthecrime?2．Inthispartofourcountry,theaverageannualrainfall(降雨量)isabout10cm.3．Hewasonlyachild,sothepainwasalmostmorethanhecouldbear(忍受)atthattime.4．Idialed(拨)hisnumberthismorning,butnevergotthrough.5．Wearelookingfordynamic(布满活力的)personstobesalesmenforthenewproducts.6．Itis_freezing(freeze)outside,andputonyourcoatifyougoout.7．Yoursuggestionsoundsreasonableandpractical(practice).Ithinkitdeservestobediscussedatthenextmeeting.8．Thepoliceoftenusefingerprintidentification(identify)tolookintocriminalcases.9．Thecustomeryouaretryingtoreachiscurrently(current)outofrange.10．Markprovedtobeaverypetent(petence)manager.Ⅱ.选词填空diveinto，hangon，ringoff，getthrough，beassociatedwith，ringback，setout，outoforder1．Irangyouseveraltimesbutwasn'tabletoget_through.2．Thetaxidriver,whohadsentmyhandbagtothepolicestation,rang_offbeforeIcouldexpressmythankstohim.3．Thechilddived_intohisbagandbroughtoutafoldedpieceofpaper.4．—CouldIspeaktoMr.Smith?—Pleasehang_on.I'lllookforhim.5．Myclockwasout_of_orderandwokemeupat3o'clockthismorning.6．Weset_outonthisvoyageofexplorationwithanopenmind.7．Whenyouwereout,Johnrangup,andhewantedyoutoringhimback.8．Writedownallthewordsassociated_withcandles.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Every_time_I_make_great_efforts,IfindIwillgetsomethinginreturn.每次我作出巨大努力，我都会发觉有所回报。2．Try_some_of_this_juice,andperhapsyouwilllikeit.尝些这种果汁，或许你会喜爱的。3．It_was_not_until_the_next_day_thatIlearnedthetruth.直到其次天，我才明白事情的真相。4．Once_talking_with_him,you'llfindhimaneasy­goingman.一旦与他交谈，你就会发觉他是一个随和的人。5．Youshouldbear_in_mind_thatthereisnosuchthingasfreelunchintheworld.你要记住：世界上没有免费的午餐。6．Whatsurprisedmewasthatherang_offwhenIranghimup.让我惊讶的是我给他打的时候，他挂断了。Ⅳ.完形填空(2017·天津高考)AtmyheaviestIweighed370pounds.Ihadaverypoorrelationshipwithfood:Iuseditto__1__badfeelings,tomakemyselffeelbetter,andtocelebrate.Worriedaboutmyhealth,Itriedmanydifferentkindsof__2__butnothingworked.IcametobelievethatIcoulddonothingaboutmy__3__.WhenIwas50,myweightproblembegantoaffectme__4__.Ididn'twanttolivetherestofmylifewiththis__5__weightanymore.Thatyear,I__6__aseminarwherewewereaskedtocreateaprojectthatwouldtouchtheworld.Aseminarleadersharedher__7__story—shehadnotonlylost125pounds,butalsoraised＄25,000forhomelesschildren.__8__byherstory,IcreatedtheAsWeHeal(痊愈),theWorldHeals__9__.Mygoalwastolose150poundsinoneyearandraise＄50,000__10__amovementfounded30yearsagotoendhunger.Thisbinationofhealingmyselfandhealingtheworld__11__meastheperfectsolution.__12__Ibeganmyownpersonalweightprogram,IwasfilledwiththefearthatIwould__13__thesamedifficultiesthatbeatmebefore.Whilethe__14__hungovermyhead,therewerealsosignsthatIwasheadeddowntheright__15__.IsentletterstoeveryoneIknew,tellingthemaboutmyproject.Itworkedperfectly.Donationsbegan__16__infromhundredsofpeople.Ofcourse,Ialsotooksomepracticalstepstoloseweight.Iconsultedwithaphysician(内科医生),Ihiredafitnesscoach,andIbegantoeatsmalland__17__meals.Myfund­raisingfocusalsogavemenewmotivationtoexercise__18__.Ayearlater,I__19__mygoal:Ilost150poundsandraised＄50,000!IfeelthatI'vebeengivenasecondlifetodevotetosomethingthatis__20__andenormous.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者始终想减肥，但是都没有胜利。后来她又开头减肥，但是这次的目的不同：减肥的同时，为流浪儿童募捐。以这个目标为动力，作者最终减肥胜利并做了一件有意义的事。1．A.add B．mixC．kill D．share解析：选C依据下文中的“tomakemyselffeelbetter〞可知，作者用食物消退(kill)自己的负面心情。add“增加〞，mix“混合〞，share“共享〞，都与语境不符。2．A.diets B．drinksC．fruits D．dishes解析：选A作者担忧自己的健康，为了掌握饮食和体重试过很多种节食(diets)的方法。drinks“饮料〞，fruits“水果〞，dishes“菜肴〞，都不符合语境。3．A.height B．abilityC．wisdom D．weight解析：选D作者担忧自己的健康问题，但很多节食方法都没用，于是觉得对自己的体重(weight)没方法了。4．A.temporarily B．recentlyC．seriously D．secretly解析：选C作者50岁的时候，体重问题更加突出，严峻地(seriously)影响作者的健康。temporarily“临时地〞，recently“最近〞，secretly“隐秘地〞，都与语境不符。5．A.ideal B．extraC．normal D．low解析：选B上文说到作者饱受自己体重问题的困扰，因此这里用形容词extra表示“额外的〞，作者决心要开头甩掉身上多余的肉。6．A.attended B．organizedC．remended D．mentioned解析：选A从选项的词义和搭配看，这里应当用动词attended与seminar(培训会)搭配，表示作者参与了一个培训会。7．A.folk B．successC．adventure D．science解析：选B培训会的一个领导者叙述自己不仅减重125磅，还为流浪儿童募集了两万五千美元，这是一个胜利(success)的故事。folk“民谣〞，adventure“冒险〞，science“科学〞，都不符合语境。8．A.Surprised B．AmusedC．Influenced D．Disturbed解析：选C作者受到这个领导者的故事的影响(Influenced)，创办了一个工程。surprise“使惊异〞，amuse“逗笑〞，disturb“打搅〞，都不符合语境。9．A.project B．businessC．system D．custom解析：选A这是作者创办的一个工程，因此用名词project表示“工程，方案〞，“project〞在下文多处被提到。10．A.insearchof B．inneedofC．inplaceof D．insupportof解析：选D作者的目标是减重150磅并募集五万美元来支持一项开头于30年前的旨在消退饥饿的运动，因此用insupportof表示“支持〞。insearchof“查找〞；inneedof“需要〞；inplaceof“代替〞。11．A.scared B．consideredC．confused D．struck解析：选D把个人的减肥与关心解决世界问题结合起来，这让作者觉得这是完善的解决方法，动词strike可以表示“(以某种方式)给某人留下印象〞，因此选D。12．A.As B．UntilC．If D．Unless解析：选Aas引导时间状语从句表示“当……的时候〞，这里说的是当作者开头实施自己的减肥方案的时候，又担忧这次会遇到和以前减肥中一样的困难。13．A.getover B．runintoC．lookfor D．putaside解析：选Bruninto表示“遇到〞，与后面的difficulties照应，表示“遇到困难〞。14．A.excitement B．joyC．anger D．fear解析：选D上文提到作者的担忧，可怕会遇到从前的那些困难，因此选D表示“可怕〞。15．A.row B．hallC．path D．street解析：选Cwhile引导让步状语从句表示“尽管〞，这里表示作者觉得自己这次走在正确的道路(path)上，因此选C。16．A.breaking B．floodingC．jumping D．stepping解析：选B这里表示捐款大量涌来，flood在此用作动词表示“涌进〞，符合语境。17．A.heavy B．fullC．expensive D．healthy解析：选D这里说的是作者饮食的变化，吃得少，而且吃得很健康(healthy)。吃得很多(heavy)，吃得很饱(full)，吃的东西很贵(expensive)，都不符合语境。18．A.regularly B．limitlesslyC．suddenly D．randomly解析：选A作者常常熬炼，regularly表示“有规律地，常常地〞。19．A.set B．reachedC．missed D．dropped解析：选B这里说的是作者一年之后实现(reached)了自己从前设定的目标，因此选B。20．A.stressful B．painfulC．meaningful D．peaceful解析：选C作者在这里发出感悟，自己在减肥的同时做了一件有意义而又宏大的事，因此选C。Ⅴ.阅读理解AEPPortableHeaterWeallknowthatthecostofheatingourhomeswillcontinuetobesignificantburdenonthefamilybudget.NowmillionsofpeoplearesavingontheirheatingbillswiththeEPportableheater.Withoveronemillionsatisfiedcustomersaroundtheworld,thenewEPheatsbetterandfaster,savesmoreonheatingbills,andrunsalmostsilent.TheEPhasnoexposedheatingpartsthatcancauseafire.TheoutsideoftheEPonlygetswarmtothetouchsothatitwillnotburnchildrenorpets.TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.Withotherheatersyou'llnoticethatyougetsleepywhentheheatesonbecausetheyareburningupoxygen.TheadvancedEPalsoheatstheroomevenly,_walltowallandfloortoceiling.Itfortablycoversanareaupto350squarefeet.Otherheatersheatroomsunevenlywithmostoftheheatconcentratedtothecenteroftheroom.Andtheyonlyheatanareaafewfeetaroundtheheater.WiththeEP,thetemperaturewillnotvaryinanypartoftheroom.TheEPeswitha3­yearwarranty(保修)anda60­daysatisfactionguarantee.Ifyouarenottotallysatisfied,returnitatourexpenseandyourmoneywillbegivenbacktoyou.Nowwehaveaspecialofferfor10days,duringwhichyoucanenjoyahalfpricediscountandafreedelivery.Ifyouorderafterthat,wereservetherighttoeitheracceptorrejectorderrequestsatthediscountedprice.Takeactionrightnow!语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一种新型的便携式取暖器。与其他取暖器相比，它有很多优点。1．WhatismainlydiscussedinParagraph2?A．ThesafetyoftheEP.B．TheheatoftheEP.C．TheappearanceoftheEP.D．ThematerialoftheEP.解析：选A段落大意题。依据其次段可知，这种取暖器不会引起火灾，不会烫伤孩子和宠物，明显是在谈它的平安性。应选A项。2．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthattheEP________.A．runswithoutanynoiseB．doesn'tburnupoxygenC．makespeoplegetsleepyfastD．isunsuitableforchildrenandpets解析：选B细节理解题。依据第三段第一句“TheEPwillnotreduceoxygenintheroom.〞可知，这种取暖器不会消耗室内的氧气。应选B项。3．Theunderlinedword“evenly〞inParagraph4probablymeans“________〞．A．continuously B．separatelyC．equally D．quickly解析：选C词义猜想题。依据第四段可知，此处把新型取暖器和其他产品进行比照，它可以在墙面之间、从地面到天花板把整个房间都加热，不像其他产品，只加热四周的小片区域。因此可以推断，此处应当是指“匀称地〞加热整个房间。应选C项。4．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A．parethefunctionsofdifferentheaterbrandsB．advisepeopletosaveonheatingbillsC．reportthenewdevelopmentofportableheatersD．persuadepeopletobuytheproduct解析：选D写作意图题。依据整篇文章可知，这是一个广告，目的是介绍产品的优点，并向读者推销该产品。最终两段是在说服人们去购置此产品。应选D项。BThereisatechnologythatmaysomedaybewidelyusedasawaytoidentifypeople.AnAmericandoctorcanplantaputerchipunderhisskinwhichcansendpersonalinformationtoascanner.Thechipgive