Unit+2+Making+a+Difference+重点词汇讲解课件【高效备课精研+知识精讲提升】 高中英语外研版（2019）必修第三册

Unit2Makingadifference

BeingreadytohelpothersisatraditionalChinesemoralvirtue.

仁者爱人，

乐善好施In1963,ChairmanMaoZedongdesignatedthedayas"LearnFromLeiFengDay"andstartedanationalcampaignforpeopletocopyhisgooddeeds.FallingonMarch5,"LearnfromLeiFengDay"isadaysetasidetohonorthespiritofhelpingothers.CharityDayinChina

Thereareover85milliondisabledpeopleinChina.Withthedevelopmentoftechnologyinthecountry,morecharityorganizationsandpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofusingittohelppeopleinneed.

BothLearnFromLeiFengDayandCharityDayinChinaremindusofthepowerofgiving.Let’sstartsmall!FlorenceNightingale弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔Howmuchdoyouknowaboutthe3people?BaiFangli

白方礼RedAdair雷德·阿代尔BaiFangliwasa

retiredworkerinTianjin.

Hestartedridingtricyclestomakemoneywhenhewas74,and

donated

hisincometopoorstudents.In2005,hepassedawayattheageof93.In2012,hewasawardedaspecialhonourfor“TouchingChina”.BaiFangli

白方礼(1913-2005)FlorenceNightingaleOftencalled“theLadywiththeLamp,”FlorenceNightingalewasacaringnurseandfounderofmodernnursing.Sheismostlyknownformakinghospitalsacleanerandsaferplacetobe.Thedeathratedeclinedgreatlybecauseofherefforts.RedAdairRedAdair(1915-2004)wasanAmericanoil-wellfirefighter.Duringhiscareer,heandhiscompanyputoutlotsoffiresinternationally,includingtheexplosionofthePiperAlphaoilrig（钻井）intheNorthSeaandtheoil-wellfiresinKuwait科威特.Therearesomanygreatpeoplearoundtheworld.Whatcommonqualitiesdotheyshare?greatpatientkind-heartedselflessdevoteddeterminedcontributiveGreatpeoplegenerousTheWellthatChangedtheWorldUnit2TheWellthatChangedtheWorldThis13-year-oldAfricangirlhastospend8hoursadaytofetchwater.What’sworse,thisisthenormallifeforthepeoplearoundher.TickthesolutionsthatyouthinkaremostEffectivetosupplyAfricawithfreshwater.collectandpurifyrainwater

fundwaterprojectsbuildwellsandpumps

recyclewastewatersetupfacilitiestopurifywaterdevelopnewwaterconservationtechnologies【Activity1】WhatRyandidtohelpsolvetheproblemofwatershortageinAfrica?ReadandThinkRyanraised$2,000tobuildawellnearaprimaryschoolinUganda,andlatersetupafoundationtoattractmoresupporttoprovideclean,safewaterforpeopleinAfrica.TheRyan'sWellFoundationFind

outthe

structureofthepassage.ReadandThinkPart1Para.______Part2Para.______Part3Para.______12-56Why

did

Ryan

want

to

help?How

did

Ryan

help?Conclusion1.Whatisthetypeofthetext?A.Anarrative（记叙文）.B.Anargumentativewriting（议论文）.C.Anexposition（说明文）.Careful-readingtimeresult（结果）character(人物）cause（起因）placeprocess（经过）narrative（记叙文）sixelements（要素）RyanCanadaandAfricaFromasix-year-oldschoolboytoanadultCause?Manypeopleindevelopingcountriescouldn'tgetenoughcleanwater.1)WhydosomeAfricanchildrenhavetowalktenkilometrestogetwatereveryday?2)Whyisthewatersodirtythatitmakesthemsick?buildasinglewell$70$2000setupafoundationcleanedwindows;didgardeningencouragemorepeopletohelptobuildmorewells.Process?builtawellaskedforhelpfromclassmatesandneighbors;afriendofRyan'smotherhelpedhim.Whatdidhedo?Why?Effect?madeadifferencetothesechildrenmadeadifferencetotheworldToday,over800,000peoplein16countriesacrossAfricahavebenefitedfromthelife-changinggiftofclean,safewater.Think&Share1.

WhatkindofpersondoyouthinkRyanis?

Whichofhisqualities（n.品质）doyouadmire（v.钦佩；欣赏）most?Why?Ryanissympathetic（有同情心的）,helpful,thoughtful（体贴的）,kind-hearted,warm-hearted,clever,intelligent,brave,courageous,determined,persistent（坚持不懈的），practical（务实的）...Post-reading1.contributionn.贡献，捐赠

→词性转换：contributev.贡献，捐赠，有助于，（为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目）撰稿

(1)contributeanarticletoamagazine,newspaper,orbook(2)Wecontributed£5,000totheearthquakefund.(3)Designfaultsinthecar

contributedtothetragedy.(3)Itisourdutytomakecontributionstoourmotherland.1.contributionn.贡献，捐赠

→词性转换：contributev.贡献，捐赠，有助于，（为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目）撰稿

makecontributions/acontributiontosth/doingsth

为…做出贡献contribute…to/towardsdoing把…贡献给…contributetodoingsth

导致，有助于高分写作每个人都应当为保护环境做出贡献。（contribution）———————————————————————————Everyoneshouldmakeacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment.2.reliefn.减轻，缓解→词性转换：relievev.

解除，减轻，缓解inrelief

如释重负，松了口气toone’srelief

令某人如释重负的是Itisarelieftodosth.

做某事令人放松Autobots,relievethemoftheirweapons.Freeze!3.shortagen.短缺，不足，缺乏

→近义词：lack

theshortageofmoney缺钱

beshortof

缺乏，缺少4.internal

adj.

内部的

反义词：

external

外部的

internalinjuries内伤internalaffairs/trade/markets内政；国内贸易/市场internalfreshwaterresource内陆淡水资源诗词翻译Notpleasedbyexternalgains,notsaddenedbypersonallosses.

不以物喜，不以己悲。5.effective

adj.

有效的，产生预期效果的

→近义词：efficientadj.

高效的→反义词：ineffectiveadj.

无效果的effectn.作用，影响

affectv.作用，影响havean/noeffecton/upon

对…有/没有影响comeintoeffect

生效，开始实施1.Theysaytheywouldliketocontibutemore_____charity,butmoneyistightthisyear.2.Toourgreat_______(relieve),Dadreturnedhomesafeandsound.3.Weareconvincedthatlaughterhasapositiveeffect_______ourphysicalandmentalhealth.Exercisetoreliefon1.Thelawwillcome_______effectatthestartofOctober.

2.Sofarthereisno_________(effect)waytogetridof(摆脱)it.

Exerciseeffectiveinto

Para.1

Asasix-year-oldCanadianschoolboy,RyanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacherthatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater.Helookedacrosstheclassroomatthedrinkingfountain.Itwasveryclose—onlytenstepsaway.So,Ryanaskedhimself,“WhydosomeAfricanchildrenhavetowalktenkilometrestogetwatereveryday?Andwhyisthewatersodirtythatitmakesthemsick?”YoungRyanthought,“Lifeiseasyforme,buthardforthosepeople.Whydon’tIhelp?”

fountainn.

喷水池drinkingfountain

(设于公共场所的)喷泉式饮水器Importantsentences1.Asasixteen-year-oldCanadianschoolboy,RyanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacherthatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater.同位语从句译：

年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话—在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水。havetrouble(in)doingsth:做某事有困难havenotrouble(in)doingsth:做某事没困难egWehadnotroublefindingtheaddress.haveaproblem(in)doingsthhavedifficulty(in)doingsthdoing和done做定语developingcountries发展中国家developedcountries发达国家eg

theboilingwatertheboiledwater

thefallingleavesthefallenleaves

在分词作定语的用法中，现在分词常常表示动作“未完成或正在进行”；过去分词可以表示动作“已经完成”。Asasix-year-oldCanadianschoolboy,Ryanhadtrouble

believing

thewordsspokenbyhisteacher

thatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater.that引导同位语从句对名词words作解释说明。that引导的同位语从句多位于idea,fact,evidence,hope,belief,wish,doubt,news,advice,suggestion,promise等表示抽象意义的名词之后egThereisnodoubtthathewouldpasstheexam.Importantsentences2.Helookedacrosstheclassroomatthedrinkingfountain.Itwasveryclose-onlytenstepsaway.译：

瑞恩的目光掠过教室，望向对面的喷泉式饮水器。它是那么近，只有十步之遥。awashingmachineawalkingstickaswimmingpool高中必背look相关的短语lookover（迅速地）检查lookthrough浏览；看穿；对……故意视而不见；翻找lookacross(从一边向另一边）望过去lookafter照看；料理lookfor寻找lookforwardto期望lookup查阅

Para.2

Atfirst,hisplanwastoearnmoneytobuildasinglewellsomewhereinAfrica.Hecleanedwindowsanddidgardeningforhisfamilyandneighbours.Hesoonreachedhisfirsttargetof$70,butwhenhegavethemoneytoacharity,hewastoldthatitactuallycost$2,000tobuildawell.Seventydollarswasonlyenoughforahandpump.Ryanunderstoodthatahandpumpwouldn’thelpthechildren.Whattheyneededwasawelldugneartheirhomes.

handpump手摇泵footpump脚踏泵6.earnn.挣（钱）；赢得

→词性转换：earningsn.

薪水，工资，收入

earnmoney挣钱earna/one'sliving谋生earnone'srespect

赢得某人的尊重earnafortune

挣大钱earnone’sownliving自食其力earn/makealivingby/from

靠……谋生earn短语earnareputation赢得声誉【教材金句】Atfirst,hisplanwastoearnmoneytobuildasinglewellsomewhereinAfrica.Dyingtosurvive

ThemovietoppedChina’sboxofficesinceitsreleaselastweek,earning

$200minfourdays.

Para.3

Twothousanddollarswasalotofmoney,butRyandidn’tgiveup.Hewasdeterminedtohelpotherchildrenhavecleanwater.Hestartedtoaskforhelpfromhisclassmatesandneighboursandpersuadedthemto

donatemoney.Atthesametime,afriendofRyan’smotherhelpedmakehisstorygopublic.Afterseveralmonths,Ryanhadraisedthe$2,000,withwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda.Thechildrenattheschoolnolongerneededtowalkforhourstogetwater.Theyweregratefultohimandinvitedhimtovisit.

Uganda

/juːˈgændə/

乌干达

（非洲东部国家）

7.donatev.捐赠，捐献

→词性转换：donationn.

捐献

donorn.捐献者

donate...to...

把……捐赠给……donationbox捐赠箱高考链接Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopayforherholidayduetoillness.2018年高考英语全国卷3阅读理解阅读D原文【教材金句】Twothousanddollarswasalotofmoney,butRyandidn’tgiveup.give相关短语giveahand

帮助giveaway

泄露（秘密）；赠送giveout

释放（气体、热量、气味等）；耗尽【教材金句】Hewasdeterminedtohelpotherchildrenhavecleanwater.determinev.决定;确定determinetodosth下定决心做某事determined

adj.

有决心的，坚定的bedeterminedtodosth下定决心做某事【教材金句】Hestartedtoaskforhelpfromhisclassmatesandneighboursandpersuadedthemtodonatemoney.persuadevt.

劝说，说服persuadesb.todosth.=odoingsth.说服某人做某事persuadesb.nottodosth.=persuadesb.outofdoingsth.劝阻某人做某事persuadesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事【教材金句】Atthesametime,afriendofRyan’smotherhelpedmakehisstorygopublic.gopublic

公之于众gobad

变坏gowild

欣喜若狂

Para.4

InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.Butthatwasnotall.Healsosawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohadturnedouttowelcomehim.Theysanganddancedhappily.Someevenofferedhimfoodandgifts.AtfirstRyanwasnervous,butsoonagreatwarmthfilledhim.Hereallyhadmadeadifferenceforthesechildren.Hebrokeintoajoyfulsmile.

breakintoasmile

突然笑起来

【教材金句】Healsosawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohadturnedouttowelcomehim.turnout(tobe)+adj最后结果是/最终成为…turnout出席；参加拓展：turnaround/round

转过身turnup

音量调高，出现turndown

拒绝【教材金句】AtfirstRyanwasnervous,butsoonagreatwarmthfilledhim.Hereallyhadmadeadifferenceforthesechildren.Hebrokeintoajoyfulsmile.

breakintoasmile

突然笑起来makeadifference

有作用，有影响拓展：burstinto+n=burstout+doing

突然...起来

burstintotears

/

laughterburstoutcrying

/

laughing

Para.5

Later,Ryan’sexperienceledhimtosetupafoundationtoencouragemorepeopletohelp.Manyinspiredpeoplegavehimtheirsupport.Ryan’sfoundationcontinuestoattractsupportfrommoreandmorepeople,sotheworkofbuildingmorewellscangoon.Today,over800,000peoplein16countriesacrossAfricahavebenefitedfromthelife-changinggiftofclean,safewater.foundation

n.基金会

【教材金句】Later,Ryan’sexperienceledhimtosetupafoundationtoencouragemorepeopletohelp.setup建立=found（founded-founded）拓展：setaboutdoing着手，开始setouttodo

开始做setoff

出发，动身；使爆炸；引发setaside留出setdown 放下；写下【语境应用】用set短语的正确形式填空。1)We________discussingwhenandhowweshouldfinishthetask.2)Anymovementcouldhave_______thebomb.3)Tryto________sometimeeachdayforexercise.4)Thebandare_________onaEuropeantourinMarch.5)Sheplansto_______herownbusiness.setupsetoffsetaboutsetasidesettingout【教材金句】Today,over800,000peoplein16countriesacrossAfricahavebenefitedfromthelife-changinggiftofclean,safewater.benefitfrom从....受益拓展：beneficial

adj.有益的;有利的bebeneficialto

...对....有好处【语境应用】

根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。1)众所周知，运动有益于我们的健康。Asweallknow,exercise________________________.2)我们得益于每天做操。We________________dailyexercises.3)她待在国外因生病而未得到多大好处。Becauseofillness,shedidn't________________________

________herstayabroad.benefitsourhealthbenefitfromgetmuchbenefit

from

Para.6

Now,asanadult,Ryansaysthatthequestiontoaskisnot“Whydon’tIhelp?”,but“HowcanIhelptoday?”.Thisinsightgrewfromthedeterminedattitudeofasix-year-oldboywhohadthecourageandperseverancetomakehisdreamareality.insight

n.顿悟，猛醒perseverance

n.不屈不挠，坚持不懈makehisdreamareality 使某人梦想成真

Importantsentences

Thisinsightgrewfromthedeterminedattitudeofasix-year-oldboy

「whohadthecourageandperseverance

（tomakehisdreamareality）」.译：

这份领悟，始于一个有勇气和毅力实现梦想的六岁男孩那颗坚定不移的心。makesth.areality使……成为现实becomeareality成为现实face/acceptreality面对/接受现实escapefromreality逃避现实1.KnowingthatmanypeopleinAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater,Ryanwas_____.A.happyandworried B.surprisedandconcernedC.excitedandcurious D.angryanddisappointed2.WhatdidRyanplantodofirst?A.TohelpbuildawellsomewhereinAfrica. B.Tohelpbyahandpump.C.Todonatesomemoneytoacharity. D.Tosetupafoundation.3.HowdidRyangetenoughmoneytobuildawell?A.Hepersuadedhisneighborstodonatemoney.B.Heaskedhisclassmatestodonatemoney.C.Hismother’sfriendmadehisstorygopublic.D.Allabove.4.What’stheinfluenceofRyan’sfoundation?A.AwellwasbuiltinUganda.B.Over800,000peopleinAfricahavehadcleanwater.C.Over800,000wellshavebeenbuilt.D.AlltheAfricanscandrinkcleanwaternow.5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.RyanwasdeterminedtogiveuphisplantobuildawellinAfrica.B.TobuildawellinUganda,Ryanmanagedtoraise$2,000.C.WhenRyansawthedelightedstudents,hewasveryhappy.D.RyansetupafoundationinordertohelpmorepeopleinAfrica.ThepowerofGood“TheBritishSchindler”:thelifeofNicholasWintonBiography传记善行的力量“英国辛德勒”：尼古拉斯·温顿的生平OskarSchindler(1908—1974)Germanbusinessman;savedthelivesofapproximately1,100JewsduringWorldWarII;Theworldfamousfilm,

Schindler'sList

辛德勒的名单,wasbasedonOskarSchindler'sstory.Lookatthewordcloudandpredictwhatthemaninthepicturesmighthavedone.frightenedchildrensavedNazispublicattentionduringWorldWarIIbusinessBritainJewishheartbrokenparentsvarioushonorsforgottenjournal他是被人称为“英国辛德勒”的Winton爵士..当年，27岁的他安排9辆火车，从纳粹手里救出了669个孩子。当年，29岁的他是伦敦的一个股票交易员。在朋友的邀请下，他去瑞士滑雪的时候，路过了捷克。在捷克，他发现了一大批被纳粹扣留的犹太人儿童..他顿时感受到了需要立刻解救这批儿童的急迫性。开始在各国当局间游走，希望能够有国家接收这些孩子。他又用各种在捷克的关系，花了自己各种积蓄和大半年的时间，安排了9辆火车，可惜，第九辆火车被拦截在边境..车上的200个孩子被遣返….之后押回集中营，无一生还….头8辆火车里，他救出了669个孩子。回到英国之后，他又各种联系了英国的家庭，逐个把这些孩子安排好，这才得以健康成长。这669个孩子，加上他们的子孙后代，据媒体估计，有6000人，因为他当年的拯救而得以活在这个世界上….WordsandexpressionsNaziJewishaidtemporarymilitaryrisetoone’sfeetachievementknighthoodn.纳粹党员，纳粹分子n.犹太人的，犹太教的v.

帮助，援助adj.短期的，短暂的n.军队

站起身n.成就，成绩n.爵士Wordsandexpressionschiefmajortreatmentobtaindrugcertificateministryfurtheradj.最高级别的adj.重要的，主要的n.

治疗；疗法v.获得，得到n.药物，药材n.证明书，证书n.(政府的)部adj.更多的，附加的8.aidv./n.帮助，援助

firstaid

急救firstaidkit急救箱legalaid法律援助8.aidv./n.帮助，援助

withtheaidof...

在......的帮助下inaidofsb./sth.为了帮助某人/某事【高考链接】Holkeronceagainopensitsgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.（2018课标全国III）9.achievement【C】n.成绩，成就

【U】n.实现，完成asenseofachievement

成就感makeachievements取得成就→词性转换：achievevt.实现，达到achievesuccess取得成功achieveone'sdream实现某人的梦想10.majoradj.重要的，主要的

n.

（大学里的）专业

→反义词：minoradj.

较小的，次要的

n.

辅修→词性转换：majorityn.

大多数beinthemajority占多数11.treatment

n.

治疗，疗法

medicaltreatment医疗emergencytreatment急救处理11.treatment

n.

治疗，疗法

→词性转换：treatv.

对待，请客，招待，把......看作treat...as...把...看作...treatsbwith以...方式对待某人

Para.1

ItisAugust1939,andagroupoffrightenedchildrenareboardingatrainatPrague’sWilsonStation.Theirheartbrokenparentsdonotjointhem.Indeed,theyfeartheymayneverseetheirchildrenagain.Buttheyknowthattheirchildrenwilllive.Theseareamongthe669children,mostofthemJewish,thatNicholasWintonwillgoontosavefromdeathatthehandsoftheNazis.

board

vt.上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)

Theseareamong669children,mostofthemJewish,thatNicholasWintonwillgoontosavefromdeathatthehandsoftheNazis.atthehandsof...在……手中；出自……之手①Thekidsufferedalotatthehandsofhisstepfather.这孩子备受继父虐待。②Theprisonersgotgoodtreatmentatthehandsofhiscaptors(捕获者).这些俘虏在捕获者手里受到良好的待遇。这些是669名儿童中的一部分(其中大部分是犹太人),尼古拉斯·温顿将继续拯救这些孩子免遭纳粹毒手。同位语限制性定语从句

Para.2

NicholasWintonwasbornon19May1909inLondon,toGerman-Jewishparents.ThefamilylatertookBritishnationality.Onleavingschool,WintonworkedinbanksinGermanyandFrance.HereturnedtoBritainin1931,whereheworkedinbusiness.

German-Jewishparents

德裔犹太人

Onleaving

school,WintonworkedinbanksinGermanyandFrance.

一离开学校，温顿就在德国和法国的银行里工作了。OnarrivinghomeIdiscoveredtheyhadgone.=AssoonasIarrivedhome,Idiscoveredtheyhadgone.我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。ondoingsth一……就……，相当于assoonas引导的状语从句

Para.3

InDecember1938,afriendaskedWintontocometoPraguetoaidpeoplewhowereescapingfromtheNazis.InPrague,Wintonsawpeoplelivinginterribleconditionsandwhoseliveswereindanger.HedecidedtohelptransportchildrentosafetyinBritain.Heestablishedanofficetokeeprecordsofthechildren,andthenreturnedtoBritaintofindtemporaryhomesforthem.Heuseddonatedfundsandhisownmoneytopaythe50poundsperchildthattheBritishgovernmentrequired.ByAugust1939,Wintonhadsaved669children.

escapefrom

从......逃离keeprecordof把…记录下来;保留…的记载;保持…记录

2.InPrague,Wintonsawpeoplelivinginterribleconditionsandwhoseliveswereindanger.定语从句现在分词短语作定语condition:

①Workingundersuchaconditionisterrible.在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。②Hisbodyisinhealthycondition.他的身体健康状况良好。1）环境，条件2）状况eg.①Isthistheboywh