河南中考帮·英语第三部分中考题型过关·题型三阅读理解

题型三阅读理解

Q考题帮

一、选择型阅读

广告图表类

Passage1

HaveaDatewithUs!

Haveyoueverflownaskylanternatnightwithlotsofpeople?Weplantosetan

interestingworldrecord——themostskylanternsflyinginthenightsky!Areyou

interestedinouractivity?Ifyouare,pleasejoinus!

Date:Friday,June1st

Time:9:00pm

Place:YouthSquareonBinheRoad

Price:¥20perperson

¥16perpersonwithastudentcard

¥12perpersonforgroupsofover25people

Notice:*Youdonotneedtobringanything.Wewillprepareskylanternsfor

youall.Andwhafsbetter,wewillgiveawayaT-shirtwithapictureofskylanterns

onittothefirst50peoplewhoarrive.Whatareyouwaitingfor?

*Formoreinformation,pleasevisit:

www.20/8skylantems.

Judyandherthreeclassmateswanttojoin"HaveaDatewithUs!”Hereistheir

chathistoryaboutthisactivityonQQ.

Hey,guys!Thedalestarts^at9:(X)pni.Let'smeetatYouth

Squareat8:45pm.Don*!forgetyourstudentcards!

Debby12:08

工Goti；!Thanks!|

I,11bethereforsure.Seeyou.~I

l.nHaveaDatewithUs!Mwillbeheld.

A.atnightB.inapark

C.ontheInternetD.forstudentsonly

2.TheT-shirtmentionedinthemateriallookslike.

3."HaveaDatewithUs!"isdesignedto.

A.setaninterestingworldrecord

B.raisemoneybysellingskylanterns

C.encouragestudentstogiveawaytheirT-shirts

D.inviteyoungcouplestohaveadateatthesametime

4.Fromthechathistory,weknow.

A.Judyasksherfriendstotakestudentcards

B.Cindywillbringherownskylanterns

C.DebbyhasgotafreeT-shirt

D.Nickissuretobelate

5.IfCindyforgetsherstudentcard,thefourstudentswillhavetopayforthe

activity.

A.¥80B.¥68C.¥64D.¥48

Passage2

WANTED

Likedogs?

Havetimeatweekends?

WeneedaetSiftedforourdog.

Time：4hoursonSaturday

5hoursonSunday

Pay：£10perhour

Workingplace:Inourhouse,nearVictoriaStation

CallMs.Whitea

【注】petsitter:宠物保姆

Part-timeJob

Awayatweekends"?

Outforholidays?

I'm15yearsoldandhaveexperience

incaringfordogsinthepethospital.

Yourhomeormine.

CallDavid.

_______Ph_one

l.Whowantstofindapetsitter?

A.Ms.White.B.David.

C.David'sbrother.D.Ms.White'sparents.

2.HowlongshouldthepetsitterworkonSunday?

A.Fourhours.B.Fivehours.

C.Ninehours.D.Tenhours.

3.ThepetsitterworkingforMs.Whitewillgeteveryweekend.

A.£10B.£40C.£50D.£90

4.IfDavidworksforMs.White,hemaywork.

A.athishomeB.atVictoriaStation

C.inMs.White'shouseD.inthepethospital

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Ms.Whitelostherpetdog.

B.Ms.WhitelivesfarfromVictoriaStation.

C.Davidisaskingforapart-timejob.

D.Davidhasneverlookedafterdogsbefore.

Passage3

KenyaisoneofthebestplacestoseeAfrica'sanimalsinthewild.Itisalso

thehomeofthefollowinganimalsofAfrica.

1.Africanlion

Theanimallivesinlargegroups.The2.Capebuffalo（水牛）

groupsoftenhavearound15members.TheTheanimalisalargeAfricananimalwithapairofbig

males（雄性）aredifferentincolor,usuallyhorns（角）.Whentheymeetenemies,theywillform

fromorange-yellowtodarkbrown.Theyringsaroundtheyoungandusetheirlargehornsto

havelonghairontheneckwhiletheprotectthem.Thoughtheanimalslooklikelarge

females（雌性）don't.Youngmalesleaveblackcows,theyarestrongerandgetangrymore

theirgroupwhentheyarearoundthreeeasily.

yearsold.

3.AfricanRhinoceros（犀牛）

Theanimalhasalargemouthandtwo4.____

hornsonitsface—alargeoneinfrontandTheanimalisclever.Theyoftencommunicatewith

asmallonebehind.Thelargerhorncanoneanotherandtravelalongwaytofindfoodor

growto60-150cmlong.Theanimalwater.Theyusetheirlongtrunks（鼻子）todrink,

enjoysstayinginmudpoolsandspendsasmell,andtogreeteachother.Theanimalsalways

lotoftimecoolingoffinwater.Rhinocerosplaywitheachotherandhelpolderorsickfamily

arebecomingfewerandfewerbecausemembers.

manyofthemarekilledfbrtheirhorns.

1.Whatwouldbethebesttitlefor4?

A.AfricanDogB.AfricanDeer

C.AfricanElephantD.AfricanHorse

2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheAfricanlions?

A.Theylikelivinginlargegroups.

B.Thefemaleshavelonghairontheneck.

C.Theydon'thavedifferentkindsofcolors.

D.Youngmaleslivewiththeirgroupalltheirlives.

3.Capebuffaloesusetheirhornsto.

A.keepsafeB.makeothersgetangry

C.communicatewithothersD.findfoodorwater

4.WhatdotheAfricanRhinoceros*hornslooklike?

5.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoufindthepassage?

A.FoodSafetyB.AnimalWorld

C.HumanandEarthD.ScienceandFuture

Passage4[2018孝感]

Let'slearnaboutnature!

Areyouinterestedinanimalsandnature?Wanttoenjoyyoursummerholiday

andlearnsomethinginterestinganduseful?

HerecomesyourCHANCE!HereisaTHREE-DAYSUMMERPROGRAM!

Youcantakepartinmanyactivitiesandmeetanimals,suchasgiraffes,pandasand

tigers!Moreinformationabouttheprogramisasfollows:

Age:Studentsaged8一16.

Groups:Thereare2programsforyoutochoosefrom.Eachprogramneedsat

most15students.

ProgramA

Dates:July16—18,2018

Days:MondaytoWednesday

Time:10:00a.m.―4:00p.m.

ProgramB

Dates:August7一9,2018

Days:TuesdaytoThursday

Time:10:00a.m.-4:00p.m.

Programcost:$230formembers;$250fornon-members俳会员）.

Howtodo:Cometoourcentertogetanapplicationform（申请表）.Sendyour

formonorbeforeJune25,2018.

Notes:

l.NOFREELUNCHES.Youmayeitherbringalunchboxorpayforlunchin

ourrestaurants.

2.BothprogramswillstartONEDAYlaterifthereisawarningofrainstorms.

COMEANDJOINUSNOW!!DONTMISSTHECHANCE!!

1.HowmanydaysarethereintheSummerProgram?

A.2.B.3.C.4.D,5.

2.canjointheSummerProgram.

A.Akidof7B.Agirlof10

C.Aboyof18D.Amanof22

3.Onememberandonenon-membershouldpayfortheSummerProgram.

A.$230B.$250C.$460D.$480

4.Wherecanyougetanapplicationform?

A.Intheshop.B.Intheschool.

C.Inthecenter.D.Intherestaurant.

5.WhenwillProgramBstartifthereisarainstormonAugust7,2018?

A.OnAugust8.B.OnAugust9.

C.OnSeptember8.D.OnSeptember9.

Passage5

FUTQn

Thesofabed1I■•・■5£

2018style.

21STORES:<iiff<Tentrily

£729expertsinsmallspaceliving

l.Thesofabedissoldbya(n)company.

A.ChineseB.BritishC.AmericanD.Canadian

2.Thesofabedinthetextmostlydealswiththeproblemof.

A.priceB.styleC.materialD.space

3・“Convert”inthetextmeans.

A.sellB.changeC.produceD.show

4.1t,sclearthatifyouwanttobuythekindofsofabednow.

A.youllpayalowerprice

B.you*llneedtovisit21stores

C.you'llhavetogotoexpertsforadvice

D.youmustbeamemberofFutoncompany

5.Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?

A.Asciencereport.B.Atravelguide.

C.Ashoppingposter.D.Awebsiteforteenagers.

故事类,

Passage6

Myparentsturnedmywholeworldupsidedownwhentheytoldmetheywere

gettingadivorce(离婚).1couldn'tbelieveourfamilywasgoingtobreakup.

Itchangedmylifecompletely.MymotherandImovedintoasmallapartment

acrosstown,whilemyfatherandmybrother,Bill,stayedinourhouse.

AndverysoonIhadmystepfather,Dan.EventhoughIwasn*tverynicetohim,

henevergaveuponme.

Astimewenton,Irealizedthatwehadsomethingincommon.Welikedtotalk

aboutmoviesandTVshows.Webegantospendalotoftimehangingouttogether.It

gaveusachancetogettoknoweachother.

DanwasalwaysaroundwhenIneededadviceonlessonsorotherthings.AndI

begantowarmtoDan.Webegantoenjoythetimewespenttogether.Dan,mymother

andIoftenwentouttohaveadeliciousmealandtookshorttrips.Finally,!discovered

IhadahappyfamilythatIhadneverhadbefore.

Myfatheralsofoundhappiness一heremarriedandhadanotherchildnamed

Michelle.

Attheageof13,1learnedanimportantlesson一thechangeisnotalwaysbad.

Sometimesthechangeisjustwhatweneed.

l.Howmanypeoplewerethereinthewriter'sfamilybeforehisparentsgotadivorce?

A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.

2.Atfirst,thewriterhisstepfather.

A.likedB.couldn*tstand

C.wasunfriendlytoD.wasniceto

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutDanaccordingtothepassage?

A.HehadanotherchildnamedMichelle.

B.Heoftenhungoutwiththewriter.

C.Heoftentookshorttripswiththewriter.

D.Hegavethewriteradviceonmanythings.

4.Whatdidthewriterthinkofhisnewfamilyatlast?

A.Happy.B.Strange.

C.Awful.D.Uncomfortable.

5.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusthroughhisstory?

A.Lifeisnoteasyforeveryoneofus.

B.Everyoneshouldbegivenachancetohaveatry.

C.Hemettoomuchtroubleinhisearlyyears.

D.Sometimes,thechangemaybewhatweneed.

Passage7

Inthe1950s,afemaleswimmingathletesetagoalforherself.Shedecidedto

swimacrosstheEnglishChannelbeforesheretired.Ifshecouldmakeit,shewouldbe

thefirstpersonintheworldwhodidit.

Onthatday,shejumpedintotheseawithoutanyhesitationandswamtowards

theoppositebank.

Inthejourney,shefacedheavyfog,heavyrainandheavywaves.Thoughshewas

verytired,shecarriedonswimming.

Butintheend,shegaveup.Andwhatshedidn'tknowatthemomentshegaveup

wasthattheoppositebankwasonly1mileaway.

Laterpeopleaskedheraboutthereason.Andshesaid,"ThereasonwhyIgave

upisthatIcouldnotseethedestinationwhichIwassocloseto.”

Toomanysuccessstorieshavebeenlecturingusaboutcourage,and

persistence（坚持）.Buttheynevertolduswheretofindcourageandpersistence.

Youcanhavecourageonlywhenyouknowwhereyourgoalis.Youcanmanage

topersistonlywhenyouknowwhereyourgoalis,andprepareyourselfwell

mentally（心理上）.

Courageandpersistenceneverfallfromthesky.Theycomefromweighing

betweeninputandoutput.

Alifewithoutgoalsislikeashipwithoutacompass.ltgoesnowhere.Thereisno

courageorpersistenceinalifewithoutgoals.

l.InParagraph1,theunderlinedword“it"refersto.

A.beingretired

B.swimmingacrosstheEnglishChannel

C.swimmingtowardsthebank

D.settingagoal

2.isnotmentionedinthepassage.

A.FogB.Waves

C.RainD.Wind

3.Theunderlinedword"weighing**inParagraph8probablymeans.

A.权衡B.有...®

C.称重量D.有分量

4.Theathletegaveupbecause.

A.thebankwasonemileaway

B.shewastootired

C.shedidn'thavecourageatfirst

D.shethoughtherdestinationwasfaraway

5.Whatcanbeinferred（推论）fromthelastparagraph?

A.Ifyouhavecourageandpersistence,youhavegoals.

B.Evenifyouhavenogoals,youhavecouragetopersist.

C.Thereisnocourageorpersistenceunlessyouknowyourgoals.

D.Betweeninputandoutput,youmustfindcourageandpersistence.

Passage8

OnMonday,IstoppedmycarinfrontofmydaughterJuliet'smiddle

school.Shejumpedin,feelingdown.Sheaskedmetohelpherstudyforherscience

test.

"Dad,Ineedtomemorizeaunitaboutthe"ReproductiveCycleofPlants9.AndI

canhardlymakeit.”

“Youknow,memorizingseemslikethebestwaytostudy,butinfactyoucando

betterintestsifyouworkontryingtounderstandthematerial.”

Julietwasopentomyadvice.ltwasMondayafternoonandwehadtwonightsto

studybeforethetestonWednesday.!suggestedaplan."Tomorrownight,youare

goingtoteachthematerialtome.Tonight,readtheunit.Preparetoteach."

AskinghertoteachmewasanunusualideabutIwasdeterminedtodoit.Studies

showteachingsomebodyelseisaveryusefulwaytolearn.Evenifyoudon*tdothe

teaching,theactofpreparingtoteachleadstobetterlearningresultthanjusttrying

yourbesttomemorizethematerial.

OnTuesdayafternoon,Julietsatdownwithhersciencebook,facingme,and

said,nOkay,Dad,let'sstudy."Iwantedhertoteachme.Butfalsestartshappened.I

couldn'tbetoohardonher,soIstartedbyaskinghersomesimplequestions.She

knewsomebutnottheothers.Whenshedidn'tknowtheanswers,Iencouragedherto

checkthebook.

Shestartedcheckingthingsthatdidn'tmakesense.Andshewasactivelyseeking

totestherunderstanding.!washappytoseeit.Shewasn*tmemorizing;shewastrying

tomakesenseofthings,whichwasexactlywhatIhadhoped.

l.WhydidJulietfeeldown?

A.Becauseshefailedhersciencetest.

B.Becauseshehadtroublememorizingaunit.

C.Becausesheknewnothingaboutplanting.

D.Becauseshecouldn'tfollowherteacher.

2.Inthewriter'sopinion,whichwasthekeytobestlearning?

A.Memorizing.B.Testing.

C.Questioning.D.Understanding.

3.Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph5refersto"

A.makinghercheckthebook

B.usingsimplequestionstotesther

C.encouraginghertoreadtheunit

D.askinghertoteachmetheunit

4.Whenfalsestartshappened,thewriterwas.

A.patientB.worried

C.nervousD.embarrassed

5.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ACreativeFatherB.AnUnexpectedTest

C.LearningfromTeachingD.PreparingforTeaching

Passage9

Manyyearsago,mydadwasfacingaseriousheartcondition.Hefellsuddenlyill

andhadtobesenttothehospital.

Whenherecovered（恢复健康）,hewantedtodosomethingtokeephimself

busy,sohedecidedtovolunteeratthelocalchildren'shospitaLMydadlovedkids.It

wastheperfectjobforhim.Heendedupworkingwiththeseriouslysickchildren.He

talked,played,anddidartswiththem.

Oneofhiskidswasagirlwhowasseriouslyillandwasparalyzedfromtheneck

down.Shecouldn'tmoveordoanything,andshewasverysad.Mydaddecidedtotry

tohelpher.Hestartedvisitingherinherroom,bringingpaints,brushesandpaper.He

stoodthepaperup,putthepaintbrushinhismouthandbegantopaint.Hedidn*tusehis

handsatall.Allthewhilehewouldtellher,"See,youcandoanythingyousetyour

mindto."

Afewdayslater,shebegantopaintwithhermouth,andsheandmydadbecame

friends.Soonafterthat,thelittlegirlwassenthomebecausethedoctorsfelttherewas

nothingelsetheycoulddoforher.Mydadalsoleftthechildren'shospitalforalittle

whilebecausehebecameill.Sometimelateraftermydadhadrecoveredandreturned

towork,hesawthelittlegirlwhohadbeenparalyzed,onlythistimeshewas

walking.Sheranstraighttomydadandhuggedhimreallytight.Shegavehima

picturewhichshedrewwithherhands.Atthebottomitread,"Thankyouforhelping

mewalk."

Mydadwouldcryeverytimehetoldusthisstoryandsowouldwe.Hewould

saysometimesloveismorepowerfulthanadoctor,andmydadwhodiedjustafew

monthsafterthelittlegirlgavehimthepicturelovedeverysinglechildinthat

hospital.

l.Thewriter'sfatherworkedatthelocalhospitalto.

A.realizehischildhooddream

B.improvehisseriousheartcondition

C.earnmoneytopayfortreatment

D.keephimselfbusyandhappy

2.Theunderlinedwordnparalyzed"inParagraph3means""inChinese.

A.折断的B.瘫痪的C.擦伤的D.失明的

3.Howdidthewriter'sfatherhelptheparalyzedlittlegirl?

A.Hehelpedherpracticewalking.

B.Hevisitedherandmadeatoyforher.

C.Heshowedhershecouldstilldothings.

D.Hepaintedspecialpicturesforher.

4.AccordingtoParagraph4,theparalyzedgirl.

A.graduallyrecoveredandwalked

B.becameapainterintheend

C.wassenthomeandneverseenagain

D.senthimapicturepaintedwithhermouth

5.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.It'sbettertogivethantoreceive.

B.Lovecansometimesbringgreatresults.

C.Volunteeringisameaningfulthingtodo.

D.Asickpersonshouldnotfocusonhisdisease.

Passage10[2019原创]

Mybeautiful18-year-olddaughterwassenttothecarecenterforherillness.I

visitedhereveryday.Shewastheonlypatientwhohadavisitoreveryday.

Oneday,Iwasaskedbythepatientstoprepareafruitbasketforthenurseson

theirbehalf（代表）.Theygavemeenoughmoneytoputtogetheraluxury（奢侈的）

fruitbasket.Anotherday,whileIwastryingtomakethefruitbasketaftermystudents

wenthome,myworkmateOlivecameintomyclassroom.ShecouldseeIwastired

andhaddifficultyputtingthefruitbaskettogether.Olivetookitoveranddidagreat

jobwiththefruitbasket.Thenshecarriedittomycar.

WhenIbroughtthefruitbaskettothepatients,theywereveryhappy.Iwasthere

whentheygaveittothenurses.Itwasclearthatthosenurseshadneverbeengiven

anythinglikethisbefore.Theyweresotouchedandthankful.Itwasawonderful

moment.

Afewdayslater,Igotathank-youcardandaboxofchocolatesfromthe

patientsforhelpingthemwiththefruitbasket.Ican'ttellyouhowmovedIwas.

Thesepeoplewereunabletostayoutsidethehospitalandwereevenunabletolook

afterthemselves,yettheystilltriedtoshowloveandthankfulnesstothenursesand

me.

Weareallheretoloveandhelpothers.Nomatterwhatourpersonalsituationis,

lovingandhelpingothersisstillpossible.Ifweallloveandhelpothersasmuchas

possible,whatawonderfulworlditwillbe!

l.Thepatientsaskedthewriterto.

A.lendthemenoughmoneyB.buypresentsforthem

C.prepareafruitbasketD.bringalotofbooks

2.Whohelpedthewriterputthefruitbaskettogether?

A.Herdaughter.B.Herworkmate.

C.Herstudents.D.Herdriver.

3.Itwasclearthat.

A.thewriter'sdaughterworkedinthecarecenter

B.thenursesalwaysreceivedgiftsfromthepatients

C.thewritermadealotofmoneybypreparingthefruitbasket

D.thenurseswereverymovedbythekindnessofthepatients

4.Whatdidthewritergetfromthepatients?

A.Someflowersandfreshfruit.

B.Atoybearandsomedeliciouscakes.

C.Somephotosandabeautifulwatch.

D.Athank-youcardandsomechocolates.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Everyonecanloveandhelpothers.

B.Itsnecessarytocaremoreabouthealth.

C.Notallpeoplelikegivingpresents.

D.Weshouldthinkcarefullybeforewedecide.

说明介绍类

Passagell[2018潍坊改编]

Researchersinthe1960sfoundbilingual（双语的）peoplescoredhigheron

intelligence（智力）teststhanmonolingualpeoplewhospeakonlyonelanguage.The

lateststudiesshowthatbeingbilingualdoesnotnecessarilymakepeoplecleverer,but

itprobablydoesmakeyoubetteratcertainskills.

Imaginedrivingdownthehighway.There'remanythingsthatcouldattractyour

attentionandyoureallyneedtobeabletowatchallofthem.Whywouldbilingualism

makeyouanybetteratthat?

Theansweristhatbilingualpeopleareoftenbetteratcontrollingtheirattention

—afunction（功能）calledtheexecutivecontrolsystem.It'squitepossiblythemost

importantsystemyouhavebecauseit'swhereallofyourdecisionsaboutwhatto

attendto,whattoignore（忽视），whattoprocessaremade.

Thebestmethodtomeasure（测量）theexecutivecontrolsystemiscalledthe

StroopTest.Supposeyouwouldhavetheword"blue"writteninred,butyouhaveto

saythecolourred.But"blue"issoeye-catching,andyoureallywanttosay"blue".

Youneedtoignoreitsothatyoucansaythecolourred.That'stheStroopTest.

Bilingualpeoplecontinuallypracticethisfunction.Theyhaveto,becauseboth

languagesareactiveintheirbrainatthesametime.Theyneedtoignoreonetobe

abletospeakintheother.Thisexercisemighthelpinotherways,too.Researchers

saybilingualchildrenaremorelikelytohavefriendsfromdifferentcultures.

Bilingualadultsareoftenfourtofiveyearslaterthanothersindeveloping

Alzheimer'sdisease.

l.Whatdidtherecentresearchfindaboutbilingualpeople?

A.Theycansafelydrivetheircars.

B.Theycanwellmanagetheirattention.

C.Theycanhaveabettercontrolofimagination.

D.Theycaneasilypickoutthecolourstheywant.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it”inParagraph4referto?

A.Red.B.Blue.C.Test.D.System.

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Bilingualismmaydoharmtopeople'shealth.

B.Bilingualismhelpschildrenmakemoreforeignfriends.

C.Peoplemustpracticespeakingtwolanguagescontinually.

D.Peopleusemoreactivewordsfromtheirmotherlanguages.

4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.HowdoestheStroopTestwork?

B.Whatisexecutivecontrolsystem?

C.Aremonolingualpeoplesmarter?

D.Arebilingualpeoplebetteratsomeskills?

5.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?

A.Ashoppingposter.

B.Aschoolintroduction.

C.Asciencereport.

D.Aguidebook.

Passage12

Ifyouknowsomethingisbadforyou,whycan*tyoujuststop?About70%of

smokerssaytheywouldliketostop.Alcoholabusers（酗酒者）struggletogiveupthe

badhabitsthathurttheirbodiesanddestroyfamiliesandfriendships.Andmanyofus

haveunhealthyweightthatwecouldloseifonlywewouldeatrightandexercise

more.Sowhydon*twedoit?

Somescientistshavebeensearchingforanswers.They'vestudiedwhathappens

inourbrainsashabitsform.They'vefoundanswerstowhybadhabitsaresodifficult

tokick.Andthey'redevelopingwaystohelpusmakethechangeswe*dliketomake.

Habitsareanormalpartoflife,andareoftenhelpful."Wewakeupevery

morning,combourhairorbrushourteethwithoutbeingawareofit,"Volkowsays.We

candrivealongfamiliarrouteswithoutreallythinkingaboutthedirections."When

behaviorbecomesautomatic（无意识的）,itgivesusanadvantage,becausethebrain

doesnothavetoperformtheactiononpurpose,MVolkowsays.Thisfreesourbrainsto

focusondifferentthings.

Onewaytokickbadhabitsistofocusonyourunhealthyhabits.Thentryyour

besttostopthem.Forexample,habitscanbelinkedinourmindstocertainplacesand

activities.Youcoulddevelopaplantoavoidwalkingdownthehallwherethere'sa

candymachine.Trytoavoidgoingtoplaceswhereyouusedtosmoke.Stayawayfrom

friendsandsituationslinkedtodrinkingproblem.

Anotherhelpfulwayistoreplaceunhealthyhabitswithnewandhealthyones.

"Itdoesn'tworkforeveryone,"Voikowsays."Butcertaingroupsofpatientswhoused

tosmokecandosomethingelselikerunningandithelpsthemstayawayfrom

smoking.'*

l.Inthefirstparagraphthewritermainlywantstotellus.

A.weshouldstopsomethingbadfbrus

B.mostsmokerswouldliketostopsmoking

C.badhabitsarereallydifficulttogiveup

D.eatingrightandexercisingmorecanloseweight

2.Scientistshavestudiedwhathappensinourbrainsashabitsforminorder

to.

A.findanswerstosolvetheproblem

B.findwaystoformgoodhabits

C.kicktheirownbadhabits

D.helpusseehowbadhabitsform

3.Whyarehabitsoftenofgreathelptous?

A.Becausetheymakeourlifenormal.

B.Becausetheymakeusdosomethingbetter.

C.Becausetheymakeusthinkmoreaboutlife.

D.Becausetheymakeourbrainsfocusonotherthings.

4.1fyouwanttokickbadhabits,you'dbetter.

A.focusonthemonpurposeandtrytostopthem

B.gotothesameplaceslinkedwiththem

C.dosomethinglinkedwiththem

D.askthescientistsforhelp

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.FormingGoodHabits

B.BreakingBadHabits

C.FindingReasonsforBadHabits

D.ReplacingBadHabitswithGoodHabits

Passage13

Yourdogmayprefertobepraisedratherthanbegivenfood.

Ateamstudied15dogstofindouttheanswer.Theyusedatoycar,atoyhorse

andahairbrush.

Aftertheteamshowedthedogsatoycar,theirownerswouldpraisethem.After

theteamgavethedogsatoyhorse,thedogsgotapieceofahotdog.Theirowners

wouldn'tcometoseethem.Aftertheteamgavethedogsahairbrush,nothing

happened.Whenpraised,13ofthe15dogsbecamemoreactiveintheirbrains.

ThenaY-shapedmaze（迷宫）wassetup.Thedogs1ownerswerewaitingatone

entranceandfoodattheother.Atfirst,theteammadefourtrials（试验）.Inthefirstand

fourthtrials,thedogscouldonlychoosetheirowners.Inthesecondandthirdtrials,the

dogscouldonlychoosethefood.Afterthefourtrialswerefinished,theteammadethe

realexperiment.Theyfoundthatmostofthedogsrantotheirowners.

Theteamsuggeststhatorganizationsusethesetypesofexperimentstodecideif

adogissuitable（合适的）foracertainkindofservicejob.Dogswhopreferpraisewill

bemoreusefulinassistancejobs.Andthosewhoshowlessinterestinpraisecouldbe

moreusefulinsearchandrescue,becausetheydonotneedtoomuchhuman

contact（接自虫）.

1.Whath