2019届高中英语能力练Unit4AstronomythescienceofthestarsSectionⅣLearningaboutLanguage

SectionⅣLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage[基础题]Ⅰ单词拼写1．Asweallknow,themoonisa________(卫星)oftheEarth.答案：satellite2．Shewasalways________(平和的)withthechildreninthekindergarten,neverhittingorscoldingthem.答案：gentle3．Hehad________(使筋疲力尽)himselfcarryingalltheboxesupstairs.答案：exhausted4．Theyoungwomanwasinterestedin________(生物学)whenshewasattheuniversity.答案：biology5．Dinosaurshavebeen________(答案：extinct

灭绝的)formillionsofyears.6．Theplanec________intoamountain.答案：crashed7．Thetrainp________inthestationandthepassengersgotoffonebyone.答案：pulled8．Withtheweatherbecominghotterandhotter,weneedcurtainstob________outthesunlight.答案：block9．Whenhelookedupwhilewalking,henoticedthatabeautifulwhitecloudwasf________inthesky.答案：floating10．Asweallknow,QianSanqiangisafamousp________intheworld.答案：physicistⅡ选词填空cooldown,dependon,getthehangof,getcloseto,prevent...from,watchout,breakout,nowthat,intime,cheerup1．Itwasatnoonthatafire________intheneighbourhood.答案：brokeout2．________youarehere,whynothaveadrink?答案：Nowthat3．—Didyoucatchyourplane?—Yes,wegottherejust________.答案：intime4．Thedishtastesgoodafterit________.答案：coolsdown5．—Willyougofishingthisafternoon?—Well,itall________theweather.答案：dependson6．Itseemsdifficultatfirst,butyou'llsoon________it.答案：getthehangof7．Thefans________whentheysawthefamousfilmstarcomingalong.答案：cheeredup8．Aseveryoneknows,walkingintheopenaircanhelpusto________nature.答案：getcloseto9．Weshouldfindsomewaysto________the

harmful

gas________spreading.答案：prevent;from10．________！Thereisacarcoming!答案：WatchoutⅢ单句语法填空1．Assoonasthefirebroke________，itspreadquickly.答案：out2．Sincethehousepriceinthecitymaybe________high

aswecan't

imagine,Isuggestthatwerentanapartmenttoliveinfirst.答案：as3．Pleasekeepyourwordnowthatyou________(promise)tocome.答案：havepromised4．Afterfightingwithhisillnessmanyyears,thepatientpulled________finally.答案：through5．—I'mthinkingoftomorrow'stest.I'mafraidIcan'tpassthistime.—Cheer________！I'msureyou'llmakeit.答案：up6．Allthevisitorsweretoldtowatch________forthosedangerousanimalswhilevisitingthezoo.答案：outⅣ单句改错1．Measuresshouldbetakentostoptheriverfrombeingpolluting.__________________________________________________________________答案：polluting→polluted2．Thegardenerexplainedusthedevelopmentofaseedintoaplant.__________________________________________________________________答案：explained后加to3．Iwill,bymyturn,cleantheblackboardnextweek.__________________________________________________________________答案：by→in4．Visitorsareoftenamazingtodiscoverhowlittlethetownhaschanged.__________________________________________________________________答案：amazing→amazed5．Heseemsthathehasworkedinsalesforseveralyears.__________________________________________________________________答案：He→It[能力题]Ⅰ完形填空OnepersonknownforhisstrongwishtohelpwasFiorelloLaGuardia,mayorofNewYorkCityduringtheworstdaysoftheGreatDepressionandthewholeofWorldWarⅡ.OnacoldnightinJanuaryof1935,themayorturnedupata__1__.Withinafewminutes,apooroldwoman,charged__2__stealingbread,wasbroughtinfrontofhim.ShetoldLaGuardiathatherdaughter'shusbandhad__3__her

andtheirchildren,herdaughterwassick,andhertwograndchildrenwere__4__.Butthestorekeeperfromwhomthebreadwasstolen__5__todropthecharge.“It'sa__6__neighbourhood，”themantoldthemayor.“Shehadgottobepunishedto__7__otherpeoplealesson.”LaGuardia__8__，andthenheturnedtothe__9__andsaid,“Ihavegot__.”Butashepassedsentence,themayorwasalready__12__intohispocket.Hetookouta__13__，saying,“Hereistheten-dollarfinewhichInow__14__forthedefendant(被告),andIamgoingto__15__everyoneherefiftycentsforlivingina__16__whereapersonhastostealbreadsothathergrandchildrencaneat.__17__thefinesandgivethemtothepoorfamily.”Then,thoseatpresentgavethemayorastandingovation(起立鼓掌)．Someone__18__said,“Sympathyseesandsays,‘I'msorry.’Compassionseesandsays,‘I'llhelp.’”Onlywhenwelearnthedifference,wewillmakea__19__.Sosometimesitjusttakesthe__20__tohelpandyoucanfindaway.1．A.breadshop

B．farmfamilyC．courtroom

D．cityhall答案：C

由第

11空后边一句可知，市长

FiorelloLaGuardia

对那妇女偷面包一事作出裁决，因此他应当是出此刻法庭上。2．A.ofB．withC．forD．over答案：Bchargesb.withsth.“指控某人某事”。3．A.dislikedB．frightenedC．doubtedD．left答案：D这个妇女在诉说她的窘境：她女儿的丈夫扔掉她的女儿以及他们的儿童。4．A.starvingB．cryingC．strugglingD．suffering答案：A从第16空格后的内容可知，这个妇女偷面包是为了给她的外孙吃，因此这里意思是她的外孙们在受饿。5．A.promisedB．pretendedC．refusedD．decided答案：C

以前文表示转折关系的

but

可知，那个面包店东拒绝撤诉，想要那个偷面包的妇女遇到处罚。dropthecharge

“撤诉”。6．A.greedy

B．uniqueC．badD．rude答案：Ctheman指的是面包店东，他以为这个街区不好。7．A.teachB．promiseC．haveD．prepare答案：A这里意思是要杀一儆百，给他人一个教训，因此用短语teachsb.alesson。8．A.complainedB．sighedC．shoutedD．cried答案：B市长FiorelloLaGuardia碰到这类状况，对妇女所述的遭受感觉怜悯，同时对面包店东坚持要依法处罚也感觉无奈，运用逻辑推测可知，他是在惋惜。9．A.audienceB．neighbourC．ownerD．lady答案：D由下句直接引语中“Ihavegottopunishyou...”可知，市长是针对偷面包的妇女在说话，故此处他应当是转向这个妇女，应选D。10．A.excuseB．mistakeC．exceptionD．sense答案：C法律眼古人人同等，是没有例外的，因此选项C切合语境。11．A.prisonB．churchC．cashD．law答案：A这个妇女偷了面包，触犯了法律，应当是要被罚款或坐牢。12．A.checking

B

．reachingC．turning

D．looking答案：B

此处表述那个市长把手伸入口袋里把钱取出来，

因此答案选

B项。reachinto“把手伸进”。13．A.keyC．ticket答案：D

由下文提到的“

B．cardD．billten-dollar(10

美元)”可知，市长取出的是钱，

bill

“钞票”切合文意。14．A.ask

B．payC．keep

D．save答案：B

此处是说市长替那位被告交罚款。

payfor

“为付钱”。15．A.donate

B．fineC．awardD．help答案：B由第17空格后的“fines”可知答案选B，此处为动词，市长也要“罚”在场的全部人每人50分钱。16．A.townB．familyC．streetD．country答案：AFiorelloLaGuardia是纽约市长，因此这里到法庭的是本城镇里的人，故答案选A项，town此处意为“城镇”。17．A.ProvideB．CollectC．HandD．Count答案：B依据空格后边的宾语fines可知，市长说把这部分罚款采集起来，捐给贫穷的家庭。18．A.naturallyB．happilyC．beautifullyD．hopefully答案：C作者认可下文这类说法，即某人说得好极了，因此答案选C项。19．A.profitB．differenceC．decisionD．rule答案：B这是短语“makeadifference(使不一样、有影响、起作用)”的固定搭配，意思是：只有当我们理解这二者的差别时，我们才能有所作为。20．A.patienceB．troubleC．dutyD．desire答案：D从第一段中的“strongwishtohelp”可知，选项D切合文意。Ⅱ七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项。

选项中有两项为剩余HowtoimproveyourstudyhabitsPerhapsyouareanaveragestudentwithaverageintelligence.Youdowellenoughinschool,butyouprobablythinkyouwillneverbeatopstudent.__1__Youcanreceivebettergradesifyouwantto.Planyourtimecarefully__2__Thenmakeascheduleofyourtime,anddecideongood,regulartimesforstudying.Besuretosetasideenoughtimetocompleteyournormalreadingandworkassignments.__3__Itmaybeadeskorachairathomeorintheschoollibrary,butitshouldbecomfortable,andthereshouldnotbethosethingsthatmakeyourattentionwander.Whenyoubegintowork,youshouldbeabletoconcentrateonthesubject.SkimbeforeyoureadThismeanslookingoverapassagequicklybeforeyoubegintoreaditmorecarefully.__4__Laterwhenyoubegintoreadyouwillrecognizelessimportantmaterialandyoumayignoresomeoftheseparts.StudyregularlyGooveryournotesassoonasyoucanafterclass.Reviewimportantpointsmentionedinclassaswellaspointsyouremainconfusedabout.Readaboutthesepointsinyourtextbook.Ifyouknowwhattheteacherwilldiscussthenextday,skimandreadthatmaterialtoo.__5__A．Makegooduseofyourtimeinclass.B．Thenyou'llgetthemainideaofthetext.C．Thisisnotnecessarilyt