2021年高中英语Unit3Timeschange教学知识细解码教师用书外研版必修二

Unit3Timeschange1．dustn．灰尘，尘土→dustyadj.布满灰尘的2．furnishv．布置家具；装备→furnishedadj.配有家具的→furnituren．家具3．leadv．领导，引导→leadern．领袖；领导→leadershipn．领导；领导地位4．competev．比赛；竞争→competitorn．比赛者；竞争者→competitionn．比赛；竞争5．constructvt.建设，修复→constructionn．建设→reconstructv．重建；修复→reconstructionn．重建；修复6．socialadj.社会的→societyn．社会→socialistadj.社会主义的7．occupyvt.占据；占领；占用(时间)；忙于→occupationn．职业，工作；占据8．emotionn．情绪；情感→emotionaladj.情绪(上)的；情感(上)的9．intendv．意欲；打算→intentionn．意图10．adaptv．改编；适应→adaptationn．改编11．urgev．敦促；督促；极力主张→urgentadj.紧急的；迫切的→urgencyn．紧急；迫切→urgentlyadv.迫切地12．convincev．说服，使信服→convincedadj.信服的→convincingadj.有说服力的；使人信服的WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)dropin顺便拜访(教材P26)Thebookstore,whichwasalegendaryfixtureintheneighborhood,wasaplacewhereanyonecoulddropinandconnectthroughtheirloveofbooks.这家书店固定开设在附近，享有盛名，是一个任何人都可以因为爱看书而顺便进来并与他人建立良好关系的地方。[例1]ShespentmostofthedaydroppinginonfriendsinEdinburgh.她一天的大部分时间都用来拜访在爱丁堡的朋友了。[例2]It'simpropertodropinonhimsocasually.这样冒冒失失去找他可不好。[造句]在我下班回家的路上，我顺便到我叔叔家去看了看。OnmywayhomefromworkIdroppedinatmyuncle'shouse.[知识拓展]dropinonsb. 顺便拜访某人dropinatsp. 拜访某地dropintoaplace 顺便去一个地方dropout(ofsth.) 退出；辍学[即学即练]单句语法填空①Onthewaytothesuburbs,wedroppedintoabookstore.②HedroppedinonsomeoldcomradesonhisvacationtriptoBeijing.③Hewasatschoolattheageof16butdroppedoutayearlater.[小片段填空]Tonydroppedoutandwanderedaroundeveryday.Onedayonhiswayhome,hedroppedinatarestauranttohavelunch.Thenhedroppedinonhisuncle.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点2)sympathyn．同情(教材P26)Itriedtothinkofsomewordsofsympathy,butIhadtoadmitthattheRainbowBookstorecouldn'tstayinbusinessmuchlonger.我试着想一些同情的话，但我不得不承认彩虹书店不能再继续经营下去了。[例1]Iwishhe'dshowmealittlemoresympathy.我多希望他能再体谅我一点。[例2]Mayweofferourdeepestsympathiesonthedeathofyourwife.我们谨对尊夫人去世表示最深切的慰唁。[造句]对你的痛苦我表示同情。Iwantedtoexpressmysympathiesonyoursufferring.[知识拓展]express/feel/havesympathyforsb. 对某人表示同情outofsympathyfor 出于对……的同情havenosympathywith 不同意(情)……insympathywith 支持……[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hedevotedhimselftocharityoutofsympathyforthepoor.②Theseamenwentonstrikeinsympathywiththedockers.③Hehasnosympathywiththemintheirsuffering.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点3)furnituren．家具(教材P26－27)Wespenthoursreading,seatedonthestore'soldbutcomfortablefurniture.坐在店里老旧而舒适的家具上，我们花几个小时看书。[例1]Someofthefurnitureinthisoldhousehasbeengnawedawaybyrats.这所老房子里的一些家具已经被老鼠咬坏了。[例2]Whenshereturned,shefoundMalcolmhadrearrangedallherfurniture.她回家时，发现马尔科姆把她所有的家具都重新摆放了。[造句]搬这些家具费了很大劲。Ittookalotofenergytomovethefurniture.[知识拓展](1)apieceoffurniture 一件家具(2)furnishvt. 陈设；布置；装修；提供furnishsth.withsth. 用……来布置……furnishsb./sth.withsth.＝furnishsth.tosb./sth. 为……提供某物befurnishedwith 备有；安装有(3)furnishedadj. 配备家具的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Shefurnishedhimwiththefactssurroundingthecase.②Eleanormovedintoasmallfurnished(furnish)apartment.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点4)forgood永远(教材P27)ItmademerealisethatthebookstoreandallthatOldCaseyhadgiventothecommunitycouldsoondisappearforgood.这让我意识到书店和老凯西曾经给予社区的一切可能很快就会永远消失。[例1]Afewshotsofthisdrugclearedupthediseaseforgood.注射几次这种药物就根除了这种疾病。[例2]Keeganannouncedhewashanginguphisbootsforgood.基冈宣布自己将挂靴，永远退出足坛。[造句]要不停地提醒自己，这不会永世长存的。Justkeeptellingyourselfthatitwon'tlastforgood.[知识拓展]dogoodtosb.＝dosb.good 对某人有好处Itisnogooddoingsth. 做某事没有用处/好处begoodfor 对……有益asgoodas 和……几乎一样[即学即练]单句语法填空①Regularoutdoorexercisedoesgoodtoyourhealth.②Itisnogoodtrying(try)thatmethod,becauseitwon'twork.③Itisnotgoodforhimtotakeanywine,buthedrankfartoomuchlastnight.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点5)takeover接管；掌管(教材P27)ThecampaignhadbeenledbyJenniferOakley,asaleswomanwhohadgrownupintheneighborhoodandwhohadnowtakenoverthebookstorefromCasey.这场运动是由詹妮弗·奥克利领导的，她是一位在附近长大的女售货员，现在已经从凯西手中接管了书店。[例1]In1966,PastorAlbertztookoverfromhimasgoverningmayor.1966年，帕斯特·艾伯茨接替他担任主管市长。[例2]ShedecidedthatIwastheidealpersontotakeoverthejob.她认定我是接手这份工作的最佳人选。[造句]已经派人来接替他的工作。Anewpersonhasbeenappointedtotakeoverhiswork.[知识拓展]takeup 占去(时间/空间)；从事……；拿起；改短(衣服)takeoff 脱(衣服)；起飞；成名takein 吸入；领会；包含；收留(某人)takeaway 拿走；把……带走；剥夺takeback 收回(说过的话)takedown 写下；记下takeon 呈现；雇用[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thereportertookdowneverywordofthespeech.②Icouldhardlytakeinwhatyousaid.③Thevillagehastakenonanewlookthankstothegoodeconomicpoliciesfromthegovernment.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点6)popup突然出现，冒出来(教材P27)IjoinedCasey,whowaslookingupatthescreenonwhichreaders'commentskeptpoppingup.在书店里我与凯西相见，他在看着屏幕上不断出现的读者评论。[例1]ShewasstartledwhenLisapoppedupatthedoorallsmiles.莉萨突然笑容满面地出现在门口时，她吓了一跳。[例2]Yousolvedoneproblemandanotherwouldimmediatelypopup.你解决完一个问题，另一个问题又会马上冒出来。[造句]如果鼠标移动到用户名处，下方将会弹出一张卡片。Ifthemouseismovedtotheuser'sname,acardwillpopupbelowit.[知识拓展]makeup 弥补；构成；编造；组成clearup 清理；整理；放晴；收拾dryup 干涸；枯竭；干透；干瘪turnup 开大；出现；来到；找到goup 上升；上涨；建起；增长setup 设立；建立；创立；树立takeup 占去；开始从事；占据；拿起sendup 发射；发出；射出；呈递thinkup 想出；发明；设计出；编造[即学即练]单句语法填空①They'regoingtosendupanotherman­madesatellitenextyear.②Italldependsontheweatherclearingup．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点7)competev．比赛；竞争(教材P28)Traditionalbookstorescan'tcompetewithlargebookstorechains.传统书店无法与大型连锁书店竞争。[例1]Severalcompaniesarecompetingforthecontract.为得到那项合同，几家公司正在竞争。[例2]He'shopingtocompeteintheLondonmarathon.他期盼着参加伦敦马拉松比赛。[造句]学校之间不应该相互竞争，也不应该企图挖走彼此的学生。Schoolsshouldnotcompetewitheachotherorattempttopoachpupils.[知识拓展](1)competein 参加竞争；参与……比赛competewith/againstsb.insth. 在……方面与……竞争competefor... 为……而比赛/竞争(2)competitorn. 竞争者；对手competitionn. 竞争competitiveadj. 竞争的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Theyfoundthemselvescompetingwithforeigncompaniesforashareofthemarket.②ThestoreshavetocompeteforcustomersintheChristmasseason.[小片段填空]Manyfirmscompetewitheachotherintheirproducts.Thisfirmhadbetterproductsthanitscompetitors,soitcamefirstinthecompetition.(compete)eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点8)emphasisev．强调(教材P29)Whichofthesentencesemphasisesprocessandwhichemphasisesresult?哪些句子强调过程，哪些强调结果？[例1]Itismoreimportanttoinvolvemorecountriesandsystemsandemphasiseourownform.更重要的是要让更多的国家和体系参与进来，并强调我们自己的形式。[例2]IshouldemphasisethatIammakingassumptionshere.我应该强调的是，我在这里只是假设。[造句]然而，我想强调的主要风险并不是发生一次严重事件的风险。ThemainriskIwanttoemphasiseis,however,notabigaccident.[知识拓展]emphasisn． 强调；重点lay/put/placeemphasison 把重点放在……；强调[即学即练]单句语法填空①Theemphasis(emphasise)isverymuchonlearningthespokenlanguage.②Grantputsaspecialemphasisonweatherinhispaintings.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)where引导定语从句(教材P26)Thebookstore,whichwasalegendaryfixtureintheneighbourhood,wasaplacewhereanyonecoulddropinandconnectthroughtheirloveofbooks.这家书店固定开设在附近，享有盛名，是一个任何人都可以因为爱看书来而顺便进来，并与他人建立良好关系的地方。句式分析：句中which引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词thebookstore；where引导定语从句，修饰先行词aplace，相当于atwhich。[例1]ThisisthevillagewhereIwasborn.这就是我出生的小村庄。[例2]Wehavereachedthepointwhereachangeisneeded.我们已经到了需要改变的地步。[造句]这是我们曾经住过的地方。Thisistheplacewhereweusedtolive.[知识拓展]当先行词是表示地点的名词时，用关系副词where还是that/which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在定语从句中作何种成分。若关系词在从句中充当状语，则用where引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用which或that引导。[即学即练]①Thisisthehousewherehelivedlastyear.②Thisisthehousewhich/thathevisitedlastyear.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)现在分词作定语(教材P27)Ithadacafésellingorganicfood,andtherewerenowmorecommunityeventssuchas...它有一家卖有机食品的咖啡馆，现在有更多的社区活动，如……句式分析：句中sellingorganicfood是现在分词短语作定语，修饰acafé，与acafé之间是主谓关系。[例1]Thebottlecontainingthepoisonwassenttothelaboratory.盛毒药的瓶子被送到实验室。[例2]Thegirlwaitingaletterisourteacher'sdaughter.正在等一封信的那个女孩是我们老师的女儿。[造句]照看孩子的妇女通常按月得到报酬。Womenlookingaftersmallchildrenusuallygetpaidbythemonth.[知识拓展]现在分词作定语和所修饰的名词之间是主动关系；过去分词作定语和所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thoseelected(elect)ascommitteememberswillattendthemeeting.②Thepeopleworking(work)withmetreatmeliketheirfriend.③Localpeopleinvited(invite)toattendameetingareverypleasedtosharetheirexperiencesofhospitalservices.教材高考1.Itriedtothinkofsomewordsofsympathy,butIhadtoadmitthattheRainbowBookstorecouldn'tstayinbusinessmuchlonger.(2019·浙江卷)Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.2.Abunchofuskidswouldfrequentlydropbythestoreafterschool.(2019·浙江卷)It'sturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids.3.Traditionalbookstorescan'tcompetewithlargebookstorechains.(2019·浙江卷)AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources(资源).Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Japancompetedwithothercountriesforworldmarket.2．Hesuddenlypoppedupoutofnowhere.3．Idroppedinonhimduringmyvisittothecapital.4．It'snogoodtaking(take)overtheexperienceofforeigncountriesuncritically.5．Wasitin1948thattheGovernmenttookovertherailwaysinGreatBritain?6．Thedocumentemphasised(emphasis)theproperuseofboatsinsmalltownsandvillages.7．Iverymuchappreciateyourtryingtofindareasonablefurnished(furnish)roomforme.8．Hebegantofeelsympathyforthisslightlymysteriousman.9．Therewasnoplacewherewecouldtakecoverfromthestorm.10．Doyouknowtheboysitting(sit)ontheright?Ⅱ.短语填空popup；takeover；abunchof；dropin；forgood1．Sorry,wearelate.Wedroppedinatapubontheway!2．Afteraday'sfight,oursoldierssucceededintakingoversomeimportantenemypositions.3．Reportson“cancervillages”havepoppedupfrequentlyinrecentyears.4．Heoftenhangsaroundwithabunchofdubiouscharacters.5．Thetheatercloseddownforgood．Ⅲ.课文语法填