第14章专题之二体育旅游开发

27五月2023第14章专题之二体育旅游开发SportTourism体育旅游Content内容Definitions定义History发展过程Types类型Issues/Trends问题、发展趋势WHATISSPORTTOURISM?SportTourism体育旅游“Travelfornon-commercialreasonstoparticipateorobservesportingactivitiesawayfromthehomerange”(Hall,1992)“Allformsofactiveandpassiveinvolvementinsportingactivity,participatedincasuallyorinanorganizedwayfornon-commercialorbusiness/commercialreasons,thatnecessitatetravelawayfromhomeandworklocality”(Standeven&Deknop,1999)“Holidaysinvolvingsportingactivityeitherasaspectatororaparticipant”(Weed&Bull,1997)体育旅游是以参与或观赏体育活动为目的,或以体育为内容而产生的一种短暂性的生活方式,是旅游者在旅游和暂时性停留中所引起的一切与体育有关的现象和关系的总和。Sporttourist体育旅游者“Atemporaryvisitorstayingatleast24hoursintheeventareaandwhoseprimarypurposeistoparticipateinasportseventwiththeareabeingasecondaryattractions”(Nowagaetal,1996)“Individualsand/orgroupsofpeoplewhoactivelyorpassivelyparticipateincompetitiveorrecreationalsport,whiletravellingtoand/orstayinginplacesoutsidetheirusualenvironment”(Gammon&Robinson,1997)Definitions定义SportTourismSportTouristISSPORTTOURISMANEWFIELD?HistoryofSport+Tourism

发展过程Ancient(776B.C.—480A.D.)GreeceOlympicGames(776B.C)Rome(200B.C—480A.D.)Gladiators角斗士

MiddleAgesandRenaissance(500—1400A.D)Jousting马上枪术比赛HistoryofSport+Tourism16th–19thCenturiesTheEuropeanGrandTourInitiallyinvolvedculturaltourism,butspreadtooutdoorscenery(skiingintheSwissAlps)andspectatorandparticipantevents(fencing,horseracing,hunting)19th–20thCenturiesDevelopmentofteamsportprovidedspectatoropportunitiesforthemassesDevelopmentofmasstransportationprovidedaccessHistoryofModernSportDevelopedinlate19thandearly20thCenturiesBaseball,AmericanFootball,Soccer,Basketball(Team);Skiing,Mountaineering(Individual)Explosionduring1970sand1980sCableTV,LiveBroadcasting,EmergenceofSportsMediaIcons(MichaelJordan)ExtremeSports/Adventuresports“inthings”suchasbackpacking,hiking,trekking,bridgejumping,bungeejumpingWHATARESOMEEXAMPLESOFSPORTTOURISM?TypesofSportTourism

类型Participant(Active)参与型Spectator/Observer(Event)观赏型Nostalgia怀旧型Participants(Active)

参与型TopperformanceAthletesOlympics,ProfessionalLeagues,SeriousLeisureAthletesGolf,Snowboarding,RoadRacersHealthandFitnessAthletesRunners,Bikers,ResortsRecreationalorSocialAthletesBowling,Golf,Tennis,Cruises乘船游览

IndirectParticipantsInstructors,Trainers,GuidesSpectator/Observer(Event)

观赏型PayingorNon-payingVisitorsFans“Official”SupportPersonnelOfficial,Coaches,Trainers,EventPersonnel“unofficial”SupportPersonnelFamily,FriendsMediaReporters,Photographers,BroadcastersNostalgia怀旧型SportsMuseumsChinaSportsMuseumThemedBarsandRestaurantsESPNClub,YaoRestaurant&BarHeritageEvents,SportsReunions25thReunionofthe1980sHoustonAstrosChinasportMuseum

中国体育博物馆

YaoRestaurant

&BarWHATARESOMEISSUESANDTRENDSOFSPORTTOURISM?Issues存在问题SeasonalityAlltourismventuresmustdealwithperiodicupsanddownsassociatedwithtouristsupply/demandSomesportshavenaturalseasonsDownhillskiing,ProfessionalSportsLeaguesSustainableDevelopmentHowcansportstourismbepromotedinwaysthatcanbemaintainedandwillnotbeoverly-destructiveofnaturalresourcesorenvironment?

Trends发展趋势DevelopingMarkets市场开发NostalgiaTourismSportsMuseumHistoricorFamousSites(OlympicSites)Fantasysportsweekends,CruisesExtremeSportTourismHiking,trekking,bridgejumping,bungeejumpingVisualSportsTourismHomevideogames,virtualreality,FantasySportsTrends发展趋势ParticipationPatterns参与方式Individual,ratherthanteamsportsDiversification(cross-participation)Sportshybridscontinuetodevelop(snowboarding)Sportsadapttourbanlife(indoorclimbingfacilities)Naturalenvironments(providerisk,uncertainty)willincreaseinpopularityassportstourismdestinations分析：北京奥运遗产旅游开发Visibleheritages

有形奥运遗产Invisibleheritages

无形奥运遗产Olympicvenues奥运场馆：“Bird‘sNest”鸟巢the“WaterCube”水立方OlympicPark奥体公园andsoon.Measuresofdevelopment

北京奥运遗产旅游开发措施Hostingsportevents积极承办体育赛事Developingtheexhibitionindustry着力发展会展业Greateffortstodevelopsportsleisure,travel,fitnessexercise大力发展体育休闲、旅游、健身运动Developingculturalentertainmentandculturalfestivals繁荣发展文化娱乐业，精心培育文化节事

Review

总结与回顾Definitions定义History发展过程Types类型Issues/Trends问题、发展趋势Practice练习SupposeyouaretheheadofthenewlyfoundedSportTourismDepartmentunderChinaSportsBureau.AtaworkingconferenceoftheBureau,youandyourcolleaguesproposetoinc