2023年山东省济南市高考英语三模试卷-普通用卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023年山东省济南市高考英语三模试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AAstheforestdecreases，Africahasbecomeoverlydependentonseveraltreespecies.Fortunately，theVolunteerNationalParksandReservesProjectishelpingtostopthisterribletrend.ChoosefromKakumNationalPark，ShaiHillsResourceReserveorMoleNationalParkandmakeavitalcontributiontoenvironmentalpreservationinGhana.

Quickfacts

Programme：VolunteerGhanaProjectSite：Nationalparks&reserves

MinimumDuration：4weeksLanguageRequirement：English

MinimumAge：18Accommodations：2mealsdaily&Homestay

WorkingHours：7hoursperdayStartDates：EveryotherFriday

Yourroleasavolunteer

Youwillhelpbymaintainingthegrounds，constructingorrepairingparkfacilitiesandassistingwithlandmanagementprojects，aswellasdirectingparkvisitors，promotingthepark'stouristappealandraisingawarenessofenvironmentalissues.

AlsohelplowertherateofforestdecreaseandprotectthebiodiversitywithinGhana'snationalparksandreserves.Media-lovedvolunteersmayalsogetinvolvedinparkprojectsrelatedtovideocreation，photographyandimagearts.

Nationalparksandreservesvolunteerstypicallyworkfivedays，fromMondaytoFriday.Workinghoursarefrom8a.m.until3p.m..However，schedulesandexactdutiesmayvarydependingontheparkyou'rebasedat，yourqualifications，andthetimeanddurationofyourstay.

Journeytowork

Nationalparksandreservesvolunteersareplacedwithahostfamilylivingeitherintheparkorinavillagenearby.

Contactus

Togetfurtherinformation，pleasevisitourwebsiteat.

JointheVolunteerNationalParksandReservesProjecttodoyourpartfortheenvironmentinGhana.1.Whatdoestheprojectoffervolunteers？______A.FreetripsacrossGhana. B.Twomealseveryday.

C.Alanguagecourse. D.A4-weektraining.2.Whatdoesavolunteer'sjobinvolve？______A.Helpinggroundmanagement.

B.Buildingmorenaturereserves.

C.Introducingvarioustreespecies.

D.Tearingdownoldparkequipment.3.Whatistheprojectintendedtodo？______A.Stopanimalsfromdyingout. B.ProtectGhana'senvironment.

C.Keepthediversityofculture. D.Collectecologicalinformation.BSometimespeoplecanfindnewinterestinoldthings.Forme，itwasdiscoveringaloveforballetmorethan15yearsafterIfirststartedtraining.

MyparentsputmeinballetclassesasayounggirlandIjustsortofkeptgoing.Idon'tknowIhadanyparticularpassionforit.Iquitted.ItfeltlikeIwasslowlyclosingachapterinmylife，withnoparticularsorrowaboutthematter.

Yearslater，something，maybeboredom，ledmetoadecisiontostartclassesatastudio，whereImetagroupofmiddle-agedballetlovers，allofthemstartingballetasadults.

Steppingintotheballetstudioagainunearthedawholesetofunexpectedfeelings.Iwasn'tstrongorflexibleenoughtoaccomplishmovesthatusedtobesecondnature.Ihadtostoptoadjustmybreathaftereachcombinationinthecenter.Mostly，Ifeltashamed.Butthosewomencheeredmeon.ThelongerIwatchedtheminclass，themoreIwasmoved.Thiswasthepointstaringmerightintheface—itdidn'tmatter；theyjustlovedtodance.Theirpassionforballethelpedmeseeitinanewlight.Itdidn'tneedtobecompetitive；itwassomethingpeopledidforfun，nomatterwhattheirskilllevelis.Slowly，itbegantofeelchallenginginagoodway.Istartedhavingfun.I'vefoundthatwhenwedance，it'sanexerciseindirectingourenergytoanumberofdifferentareas.

Whenwesteppedonstageforouryear-endperformance，Ifelttheeffectsofthatsustainedattentionandmybodyflowedthroughwell-practicedmovements.Iwastotallylostinbrightstagelightsandfeltthewholeworldbelongedtome.Aftertheperformance，oneoftheaudiencecametomeandremarked，"Wow，Icantellyoureallyliketodance!"Ismiledandnodded.Itwastrue.4.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofballetatfirst？______A.Itopenedanewpageinherlife. B.Itrequiredgreatdetermination.

C.Itkilledherpassionfordance. D.Itmadelittledifferencetoher.5.Whatinspiredtheauthor'sinterestinballet？______A.Herparents'encouragement.

B.Theeasyatmosphereinclass.

C.Otherdancers'loveforballet.

D.Moderninstrumentsinthestudio.6.Whatcanbestdescribetheyear-endperformance？______A.Satisfactory. B.Improvable. C.Regretful. D.Creative.7.Whatcanbe.learnedfromthetext？______A.Successneedsenthusiasm. B.Passioncanbeawakened.

C.Talentmattersagreatdeal. D.Ambitionisakeytogrowth.CFormotorcycleenthusiasts，nothingbeatstheexcitementofridingyourmotorcycleontheopenhighwaywiththewindonyourback.Withgaspricesrising，ridingmotorcyclesiseconomicalandamuchgreenerwaytotravel.Alongwiththebenefitscomestheriskofpersonalinjuryifanaccidentoccurs.Afterall，you'renotprotectedbysteellikeyouarewhiledrivingyourcar.Besidesahelmet（头盔），thelatestsafetyinnovations，newairbagjeans，arepersonalairbagsthatyoucanweartobetterprotectyourlife.

Airbagshavebeenprotectingpeopleincaraccidentsfordecades.Now，aSwedishcompany，Mo'cycle，teamedupwithanairbagtechnologycompanywhichpreviouslyproducedupperbodyprotectionformotorcycleriders，todesignandproducetheairbagsjeans.Thiskindofairbagcanofferprotectionforthemotorcyclerider'slowerbody，especiallythetailbone，incaseofanaccident.Accordingtothecompany，"Itreformedtheairbagtechnologytoprotectthefirstboneofthespinalcolumn（脊柱），becausespinalcolumninjuryistheleadingcauseofdisabilityamongmotorcycleriders."

Theairbagjeanslooklikeconventionaltrousers.Itscomponentisremovableandthejeanscanbewashed，dried，andwornagain.ThejeansaremadeofafabriccalledArmalithwhichisstrongerandweighslessthansteel.Armalithhelpstopreventridersfrominjuriescausedbyforceoffrictionafterafall.Theairbagsfixedintothefabrichelpprotecttheriderifheorshefallsoffthemotorcycle.Iftheriderisseparatedfromthevehicle，theairbagsaretouchedoffinseconds.That'sbecausethemechanismisactuallyachainthatconnectsthejeanstothemotorcycle.

Mo'cycle'sairbagjeansareavailableonthecompany'scrowdfundingcampaignalongwithanairbagshirtandacompleteprotectionpackage.Obviously，theycanprovideprotectionformoremotorcycleriders.Makingtheroadssaferforthemiscertainlyaworthyeffort.8.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph1？______A.Toshowthepopularityofmotorcycles.

B.Tostressthenecessityofairbagsjeans.

C.Tostatetheimportanceofwearinghelmets.

D.Todisplaytheexcitementofhighwayriding.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2？______A.Thetailboneinjuriesarehardtoidentify.

B.Airbagsofferoverallprotectionforriders.

C.Mo'cycleisfamousforairbagdesignandproduction.

D.Theairbagjeansarebasedontheexistingtechnology.10.Whatisafeatureofairbagjeans？______A.Theyleadanewfashiontrend. B.Theyarecomfortabletowear.

C.Theyarequickinresponse. D.Theyneedfixingregularly.11.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefutureoftheairbagjeans？______A.Indifferent. B.Uncertain. C.Promising. D.Curious.DWalterBenjamin，theGermanphilosopher，oncenotedthatboredomwasthe"dreambirdthathatchestheeggofexperience".However，thecreativeflightsoffancywhichoftenarisefromhavinglittletodoarebeingkilledoffbysocialmedia，researchersargued.Viewingmindlesslythroughattention-grabbingpostsandvideosprevents"profound（深层的）boredom"thatcandrivepeopleontonewpassionsorskills.Instead，peoplefindthemselvesinastateof"superficialboredom"，whichdoesnotmotivatecreativethought.

DrTimothyHill，leaderoftheresearchteamattheUniversityofBath，said，"Theproblemweobservedwasthatsocialmediacaneasesuperficialboredom.Butthatalsoconsumestimeandenergy，andmaypreventpeopleprogressingtoastateofprofoundboredom，wheretheymightdiscovernewpassions.Profoundboredommaysoundlikeanegativeconceptbut，infact，itcanbeintenselypositiveifpeoplearegiventhechanceforundisturbedthinkinganddevelopment."

Researchersinterviewed15peopleduringthepandemic（流行病），whenboredomwasmorelikelybecauseofrestrictions.Manydescribedbeingtrappedinregularlydailywalksandwatchingtelevision，withmanyturningtosocialmediatopassthetime.Butalthoughtheparticipantssaidthatsocialmediaprovidedatemporaryescapefromsuperficialboredom，italsoappearedtoexacerbateit，leavingthemfeelingtheyhadwastedtheirtime.

Thepandemicwasapainfulandconsumingexperienceforthousandsoflessfortunatepeople.Buttherearestoriesofthoseinlockdownwhofoundnewhobbies，careersordirectionsinlife.Switchingoffdevicescouldhelppeoplereachthestateofboredomwhichpushesthemontonewhobbiesorachievements.

Thisresearchhasgivenusawindowtounderstandhowthe"always-on"，24/7cultureanddevicesthatpromiseanabundanceofinformationandentertainmentmaybefixingoursuperficialboredombutareactuallypreventingusfromfindingmoremeaningfulthings.12.WhyareWalterBenjamin'swordsmentioned？______A.Tocallforattentiontotheresearchonboredom.

B.Tocommentonthestrategiestofaceloneliness.

C.Toofferadviceondevelopingcreativethinking.

D.Toclarifytheproblemcausedbysocialmedia.13.WhichofthefollowingmayDrTimothyHillagree？______A.Profoundboredomisofvalue.

B.Socialmediacanfuelpassions.

C.Theresearchhassomelimitations.

D.Creativethoughtiseasilydisturbed.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"exacerbate"inParagraph3probablymean？______A.Avoid. B.Break. C.Inspire. D.Worsen.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.Whypeopleenjoyboredom.

B.Howboredomhelpskilltime.

C.Whybeingboredmaybegoodforyou.

D.Howsocialmediablockscreativeideas.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Gardeningmaybeoneofthemostrelaxinghobbiesyou'llfind，withtheexcitementofseeingsomethingyouhaveplantedactuallyturnintoaflower.Butifyou'vebeenholdingbackbecauseyoudon'thaveayard，thenyou'remissingoutalot.（1）______

Containergardeningisthemostobviouswaytoplantwhenyoudon'thaveatonofspace.Ifyoucangetacontainerregardlessofitssize，youcanhaveagarden.（2）______Evenasmallpotwithabrightlycoloredflowerorbushygreenplantscangiveyourentrywayapopofcolor.

（3）______Growclimbingplantsonafenceorthepostsoveryourdoorwaytodecoratethesideofyourhome.Plentyofplantsarehappytogrowupinsteadofout，soyoucanhavesomegreenerywithoutatraditionalgarden.

Haveanapartmentortownhouse？Thenconsideroutdoorwindowboxesthatyouaccessfrominside.（4）______Andtheygiveyouplentyofoptionstoplantbrightbloomsorfreshherbswithinreach—plustheygiveyourhomesomeaddedappealatthesametime.

There'sprobablystilloneroomwhereyouhaven'tthoughtofputtingsomeplants：Yourbathroom.Evenifyoursdoesn'tgetmuchlight，awall-mountedgardencanstillgrowwell.（5）______Theywillgiveyourbathroomamorenatural，earthyfeel.

A.Theserequirenogroundspaceatall.

B.Whenplantsgetenoughsunlight，theygrowbetter.

C.Ifyou'rereallyshortofspace，thinkheightinstead.

D.Theycanaddsomegreentotheinsideofyourhome.

E.Biggerpotsgiveyouspacetogrowseveraldifferentflowers.

F.Infact，thereareplentyofeasywaystogetthejoyofgardening.

G.Plantsthatdowellinshadyandwetenvironmentsarethebestchoice.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）ItwasaregulardayforhighschoolteacherCesarPunzalan.Whenhewalkedintotheclassroom，hisstudents（1）______himasusual.Ashestoodbehindhisdesk，readytostarttheclass，astudent（2）______abrownboxonhistable.Slowly，Punzalanremovedthecoverandwas（3）______.Therewasapairofbrand-new（4）______insidethebox.Asexpected，Punzalancouldn'tcontrolhis（5）______andtearedup.

Severalmonthsago，thestudentslearnedthatMrPunzalanhadtowalkforonehourdailytoschool.（6）______，thatwasn'tall.Hehadasickchildathome.Histhoughtfulstudents（7）______hehadbeencomingtoschoolinworn-outshoesforalongtime.They（8）______thatmaybehedidn'twishtobuynewshoesbecausehissalarywasgoingtowardhiskid's（9）______.Orperhapshewantedtoseehowlonghis（10）______shoeswouldlast.Whatevertherealreasons，hisstudents（11）______tohelpinanywaypossible.（12）______，theypurchasedalovelygiftforMr.Punzalan，sharingthekindnesswithhim.

Whilehestruggledtotalk，asenseof（13）______waswrittenalloverhisface.Heconsideredhimself（14）______tobeblessedwithsomanysweetstudents!Teachersplayanimportantroleinourlife.They（15）______thesameloveandcareasweshowtoourparents.21.

A.congratulated B.greeted C.respected D.inspired22.

A.painted B.found C.slipped D.threw23.

A.annoyed B.frightened C.relieved D.surprised24.

A.shoes B.glasses C.gloves D.socks25.

A.likes B.emotions C.worries D.thoughts26.

A.Actually B.Originally C.Normally D.Briefly27.

A.agreed B.denied C.forgot D.learnt28.

A.figured B.complained C.admitted D.recalled29.

A.interest B.education C.treatment D.insurance30.

A.fancy B.strange C.cheap D.old31.

A.happened B.determined C.continued D.hesitated32.

A.Yet B.Thus C.Otherwise D.Instead33.

A.loss B.guilt C.responsibility D.happiness34.

A.different B.fortunate C.impressive D.successful35.

A.deserve B.spread C.require D.admire四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.EastChina'sShandongprovince，wheretheYellowRiverflowsintothesea，ispromotingthedeepintegrationofcultureandtourism.Sofar，Shandong（1）______（launch）manyculturaltourismprojects，makinggreatprogressindiggingintothecultureandvalueoftheYellowRiver（2）______（boost）thehigh-qualitydevelopmentoftheregion.

OneexampleistheYellowRiverTowerinBinzhou'sPuhuLakeScenicArea，whichwasopen（3）______thepubliclastyear.IthasbecomeaculturallandmarkoftheYellowRiverBasin（4）______visitorscanviewtheriverpassingthroughthecityandwatchexhibitionsshowing（5）______（it）longhistoryanddiversecultures.Thetoweroffersvarioustypesofactivities，suchasresearchtours，andundertakesYellowRiver-themedvideocompetitions.

Oneofthemost（6）______（influence）tourismbrandsinYunchengcountyistheShuihuFilmStudio.Itintegratesfilmshootingandperformances.Thereare36courtyardsand108scenicspotsthat（7）______（vivid）displaythediverseculturesoftheChineseclassicnovelShuihuzhuan.

YellowRivercultureisaproductofthematerialandspiritualadvancementofthepeoplelivingbytheriverthroughouttime.Thelocalartistic（8）______（create）areplayingimportantrolesintheYellowRiverculture.ThemostrepresentativeamongthemisLyuOpera，（9）______uniquekindoftheChineseartform.（10）______（root）inDongying，theoperahasbecomeextremelypopularamongtourists.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.上周你校开展了"寻泉赏泉"研学活动，现拟举办研学交流会。请你以学生会的名义在校英文报发布一则通知，内容包括：

（1）时间、地点及与会人员；

（2）交流内容。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Notice

Students'Union38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

AsthelateafternoonsunbeatdownonhisfarminMissourilastMay，Brandonfinishedfeedinghiscowsanddecidedtogohome.Astheyoftendid，histwosons，Louie，7，andEverett，5，followedclosely.

Astheyheadedforthehouse，thetwoboysranaheadoftheirfather，whostoppedtoclosethegate.Louiepausedataboardcoveringanoldwell.Theboardhad，overtime，becomeeasilybroken.WhenLouiesteppedonit，itcavedinandhefellintothewell.Brandonhadjustclosethedoorwhenheheardacryforhelp.HeturnedaroundandfoundhisyoungersonEverettstandingalonebesidethewell，pointingtoitandscreaming.

Brandonquicklyrealizedwhathadhappened."No，Louiecanbarelyswim，"hepanicked，hismindalmostgoingblank.However，heknewheshouldcalmdown.HerantothewellandheardLouiehittingthewater.Withoutthinking，hejumpedin.Somehow，Brandonmanagedtograbontoapipethatrandownthesideofthewell.HehitthecoldwateratthebottomofthewellandliftedLouieupashestuckhisownlegsandbackagainstthenarrowwallsforsupport."Allright，Dad，wecanclimboutnow，"Louiesaid.

Ifonlyitwerethateasy!

Thepipethathe'dgrabbedduringhisfallwastooslipperytobeofanyuse.Therewasonlyonewayout.LookinguptoseeEverettlookingdownatthem，Brandonshouted，"Everett，you'regoingtohavetobeabigboyandsaveus.Runtotheroadandstandbythemailboxuntilsomeonestops.Tellthemweneedhelp.AndEverett，stayofftheroad."

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Everettdidashewastold.

ThecouplehurriedtothewellwithEverett.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Quick

facts部分Accommodations：2mealsdaily&Homestay（住宿：每日两餐及寄宿）可知该项目为志愿者提供了每天两餐。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据Your

role

as

a

volunteer部分You

will

help

by

maintaining

the

grounds，constructing

or

repairing

park

facilities

and

assisting

with

land

management

projects，as

well

as

directing

park

visitors，promoting

the

park's

tourist

appeal

and

raising

awareness

of

environmental

issues.（你将协助维护场地，建造或维修公园设施，协助土地管理项目，以及指导公园游客，提高公园的游客吸引力和提高对环境问题的认识。）可知志愿者的工作包括协助地面管理。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据第一段Choose

from

Kakum

National

Park，Shai

Hills

Resource

Reserve

or

Mole

National

Park

and

make

a

vital

contribution

to

environmental

preservation

in

Ghana.（选择卡库姆国家公园，沙伊山资源保护区或鼹鼠国家公园，为加纳的环境保护做出重要贡献。）可知项目的目的是保护加纳的环境。故选B。

本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了志愿者国家公园和保护区项目的相关信息。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】D、C、A、B【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第二段I

don't

know

I

had

any

particular

passion

for

it.I

quitted.It

felt

like

I

was

slowly

closing

a

chapter

in

my

life，with

no

particular

sorrow

about

the

matter.（我不知道我对它有什么特别的热情。我放弃了。这感觉就像我正在慢慢地结束我生命中的一个章节，没有特别的悲伤。）可知作者认为起初芭蕾对她来说没什么不同。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第四段Their

passion

for

ballet

helped

me

see

it

in

a

new

light.（他们对芭蕾的热情让我对它有了新的认识。）可知其他舞者对芭蕾的热爱激发了作者对芭蕾的兴趣。故选C。

（3）观点态度题。根据文章最后一段

When

we

stepped

on

stage

for

our

year-end

performance，I

felt

the

effects

of

that

sustained

attention

and

my

body

flowed

through

well-practiced

movements.I

was

totally

lost

in

bright

stage

lights

and

felt

the

whole

world

belonged

to

me（当我们走上年终表演的舞台时，我感受到了这种持续关注的效果，我的身体在熟练的动作中流动。我完全迷失在明亮的舞台灯光中，感觉整个世界都属于我）可知年终表演令人满意。A.Satisfactory.令人满意的；B.Improvable.可以提高的；C.Regretful.后悔的；D.Creative.创新的。故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要讲述了作者重新发现了对芭蕾舞的热爱，表达了重新发现对某件事物的热爱是一件非常美好的事情，同时也传达了芭蕾舞所带来的挑战和乐趣。可知本文的主旨大意是B.Passion

can

be

awakened.（激情是可以被唤醒的）。A.Success

needs

enthusiasm.成功需要热情；B.Passion

can

be

awakened.激情是可以被唤醒的；C.Talent

matters

a

great

deal.天赋非常重要；D.Ambition

is

a

key

to

growth.雄心是成长的关键。故选B。

本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者重新发现了对芭蕾舞的热爱，表达了重新发现对某件事物的热爱是一件非常美好的事情，同时也传达了芭蕾舞所带来的挑战和乐趣。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8~11.【答案】B、D、C、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段After

all，you're

not

protected

by

steel

like

you

are

while

driving

your

car.Besides

a

helmet

（头盔），the

latest

safety

innovations，new

airbag

jeans，are

personal

airbags

that

you

can

wear

to

better

protect

your

life.（毕竟，你不像开车时那样受到钢铁的保护。除了头盔（头盔），最新的安全创新，新的安全气囊牛仔裤，是个人安全气囊，你可以戴上它来更好地保护你的生命。）可知，第一段的目的是为了说明个人安全气囊的重要性。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Now，aSwedishcompany，Mo'cycle，teamedupwithanairbagtechnologycompanywhichpreviouslyproducedupperbodyprotectionformotorcycleriders，todesignandproducetheairbagsjeans.Thiskindofairbagcanofferprotectionforthemotorcyclerider'slowerbody，especiallythetailbone，incaseofanaccident.Accordingtothecompany，"Itreformedtheairbagtechnologytoprotectthefirstboneofthespinalcolumn（脊柱），becausespinalcolumninjuryistheleadingcauseofdisabilityamongmotorcycleriders."（现在，瑞典一家名为Mo'cycle的公司与一家安全气囊技术公司合作，设计并生产了安全气囊牛仔裤。该公司以前为摩托车骑手生产上半身保护装置。这种安全气囊可以在发生事故时为摩托车骑手的下半身，尤其是尾骨提供保护。该公司表示"它改革了安全气囊技术，以保护脊柱的第一块骨头（脊柱），因为脊柱损伤是摩托车骑手致残的主要原因。"）可知，安全气囊牛仔裤是改进了安全气囊的技术，因此是在现有的科技基础上发展起来的。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据文章第三段.Iftheriderisseparatedfromthevehicle，theairbagsaretouchedoffinseconds.That'sbecausethemechanismisactuallyachainthatconnectsthejeanstothemotorcycle.（。如果骑车人与车辆分离，安全气囊会在几秒钟内启动。这是因为该机构实际上是一条将牛仔裤连接到摩托车上的链条。）可知，这种安全气囊可以在几秒内做出反应。故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段.Obviously，theycanprovideprotectionformoremotorcycleriders.Makingtheroadssaferforthemiscertainlyaworthyeffort.（显然，他们可以为更多的摩托车骑手提供保护。让道路对他们来说更安全无疑是一项值得的努力。）可知，作者认为它非常有用，前景广阔。故选C。

这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种新型的安全气囊牛仔裤，它可以为摩托车手提供保护。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

12~15.【答案】A、A、D、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段WalterBenjamin，theGermanphilosopher，oncenotedthatboredomwasthe"dreambirdthathatchestheeggofexperience".However，thecreativeflightsoffancywhichoftenarisefromhavinglittletodoarebeingkilledoffbysocialmedia，researchersargued.（德国哲学家WalterBenjamin曾指出，无聊是"孵化经验蛋的梦鸟"。然而，研究人员认为，社交媒体正在扼杀通常因无所事事而产生的创造性幻想。）可知，引用班杰明的话是为了引入话题，引起对无聊的研究的注意。故选A.

（2）推理判断题。根据文章第二段，"Theproblemweobservedwasthatsocialmediacaneasesuperficialboredom.Butthatalsoconsumestimeandenergy，andmaypreventpeopleprogressingtoastateofprofoundboredom，wheretheymightdiscovernewpassions.Profoundboredommaysoundlikeanegativeconceptbut，infact，itcanbeintenselypositiveifpeoplearegiventhechanceforundisturbedthinkinganddevelopment."（"我们观察到的问题是，社交媒体可以缓解表面上的无聊。但这也会消耗时间和精力，并可能阻止人们发展到极度无聊的状态，在那里他们可能会发现新的激情。极度无聊听起来可能是一个负面的概念，但事实上，如果人们有机会不受干扰地思考和发展，它可能会非常积极。"）说明极度无聊也有可能到来积极影响，这是有价值的。故选A。

（3）词义猜测题。A.Avoid.避免；B.Break出故障；C.inspire鼓舞；D.Worsen加剧。根据文章第三段最后一句Butalthoughtheparticipantssaidthatsocialmediaprovidedatemporaryescapefromsuperficialboredom，italsoappearedtoexacerbateit，leavingthemfeelingtheyhadwastedtheirtime.（但是，尽管参与者表示，社交媒体提供了一种暂时摆脱表面无聊的方式，但它似乎也加剧了无聊，让他们觉得自己浪费了时间。）可知，后面说让他们感觉浪费时间，从而加深了无聊。故选D。

（4）文章标题题。根据文章第一段Viewingmindlesslythroughattention-grabbingpostsandvideosprevents"profound（深层的）boredom"thatcandrivepeopleontonewpassionsorskills.Instead，peoplefindthemselvesinastateof"superficialboredom"，whichdoesnotmotivatecreativethought.（通过引人注目的帖子和视频无意识地观看可以防止"深刻（深层的）无聊"会驱使人们产生新的激情或技能。相反，人们发现自己处于"表面无聊"的状态，这并不能激发创造性思维。）可知，本文主要讲述社交媒体扼杀了创造性思维。故选D。

这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了社交媒体是如何扼杀我们从无聊中导致的创造性思维。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

16~20.【答案】F、E、C、D、G【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前文But

if

you've

been

holding

back

because

you

don't

have

a

yard，then

you'

re

missing

out

a

lot（但如果你因为没有院子而退缩，那么你会错过很多），以及后文对于可以养植物的方法介绍，以及可知表示"事实上，有很多简单的方法可以获得园艺的乐趣"的选项F可以承接前文的问题，引出后文的话题，故选F。

（2）推理判断题。根据后文Even

a

small

pot

with

a

brightly

colored

flower

or

bushy

green

plants

can

give

your

entryway

a

pop

of

color（即使是一个开着鲜艳花朵或浓密绿色植物的小花盆，也能给你的门口带来一抹亮色），可知表示"更大的花盆给了你种植几种不同花朵的空间"的选项E可以和后文构成对比，介绍大小花盆都可以，故选E。

（3）主题判断题。根据后文Grow

climbing

plants

on

a

fence

or

the

posts

over

your

doorway

to

decorate

the

side

of

your

home.Plenty

of

plants

are

happy

to

grow

up

instead

of

out，so

you

can

have

some

greenery

without

a

traditional

garden（种植攀爬篱笆或门口的柱子的植物来装饰你家的过道。很多植物都很乐意向上生长，而不是向外，所以你可以在没有传统花园的情况下拥有一些绿色植物），可知表示"如果你真的空间不足，那就考虑发展高度"的选项C可以作为本段的主题，介绍种植爬藤植物，故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据前文Then

consider

outdoor

window

boxes

that

you

access

from

inside（然后考虑一下你可以从里面够到的室外窗户种植箱），可知表示"它们可以给你家的内部添加一些绿色"的选项D可以承接前文，介绍种在窗户的植物可以给家的内部添加一些绿色，故选D。

（5）推理判断题。根据前文There's

probably

still

one

room

where

you

haven't

thought

of

putting

some

plants：Your

bathroom.Even

if

yours

doesn't

get

much

light，a

wall-mounted

garden

can

still

grow

well（也许还有一个房间你没有想过要种一些植物：你的浴室。即使你的浴室没有太多光线，壁挂式花园仍然可以长得很好），可知表示"在阴凉潮湿的环境中生长良好的植物是最好的选择"的选项G可以承接前文，介绍选择在阴凉潮湿的环境中生长良好的植物种在浴室里，故选G。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了可以在非传统的地方获得园艺快乐的方法。

做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。

步骤五：区分相似项。

21~35.【答案】B、C、D、A、B、A、D、A、C、D、B、B、D、B、A【解析】（1）考查动词及语境理解。A.congratulated祝贺；B.greeted打招呼；C.respected尊敬；D.inspired鼓励。根据常识可知当他走进教室时，他的学生像往常一样向他打招呼。故答案为B。

（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.painted喷漆；B.found发现；C.slipped滑动；D.threw扔掉。根据空后a

brown

box

on

his

table.可知当他站在桌子后面，准备开始上课时，一个学生把一个棕色的盒子放在他的桌子上。故答案为C。

（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.annoyed生气的；B.frightened害怕的；C.relieved宽慰的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据下句There

was

a

pair

of

brand-

new（4）inside

the

box可知盒子里有一双崭新的鞋子。说明他非常惊讶。故答案为D。

（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.shoes鞋；B.glasses眼镜；C.gloves手套；D.socks袜子。根据后文His

thoughtful

students

（7）he

had

been

coming

to

school

in

worn-

out

shoes

for

a

long

time.可知他体贴的学生们了解到，他穿破的鞋子来学校已经有很长时间了。说明学生们给他买了一双新鞋。故答案为A。

（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.likes同样的事；B.emotions情绪；C.worries担心；D.thoughts思想。根据空后and

teared

up.可知不出所料，Punzalan控制不住自己的情绪，泪流满面。故答案为B。

（6）考查副词及语境理解。A.Actually事实上；B.Originally最初地；C.Normally正常地；D.Briefly简短地。根据下句He

had

a

sick

child

at

home可知他家里有一个生病的孩子。说明事实上学生了解的不全面。故答案为A。

（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.agreed同意；B.denied否认；C.forgot忘记；D.learnt了解。根据下句he

had

been

coming

to

school

in

worn-

out

shoes

for

a

long

time可知他体贴的学生们了解到，他穿破的鞋子来学校已经有很长时间了。故答案为D。

（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.figured认为；B.complained抱怨；C.admitted允许；D.recalled回忆。根据下句maybe

he

didn't

wish

to

buy

new

shoes

because

his

salary

was

going

toward

his

kid's（9）.可知他们认为，也许他不想买新鞋，因为他的工资将用于孩子的治疗。故答案为A。

（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.interest兴趣；B.education教育；C.treatment治疗；D.insurance保险。根据前文He

had

a

sick

child

at

home可知他家里有一个生病的孩子。说明他的孩子需要治疗。故答案为C。

（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.fancy想象的；B.strange奇怪的；C.cheap便宜的；D.old旧的。根据前文he

had

been

coming

to

school

in

worn-

out

shoes

for

a

long

time可知他穿破的鞋子来学校已经有很长时间了。说明鞋子旧了。故答案为D。

（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.happened发生；B.determined决定；C.continued继续；D.hesitated犹豫。根据下句they

purchased

a

lovely

gift

for

Mr.Punzalan，sharing

the

kindness

with

him.可知他们为Punzalan先生买了一份可爱的礼物，与他分享这份善意。说明他的学生决心尽一切可能提供帮助。故答案为B。

（12）考查副词及语境理解。A.Yet然而；B.Thus因此；C.Otherwise否则；D.Instead相反。因此他们为Punz