centos安装配置postfix邮件服务器

添加MX记录（这里假设使用动添加MX记录（这里假设使用动 MX记录添加后，可能生效要等待一段时间（通常为数分钟或数十分钟，也可能马上生效），所以在安装配置前，我们首先为动态添加MX记录。添加方法也会因ISP的不同而不同，但大致信息如下： .amailIPmail为别名，10IP地址.MX记录的添加是否生效的方法：[root@sample~]#host-tmailishandledby .←MX[root@sample~]#yum-yinstallpostfix←安装PostfixSettingupInstallProcessSettingup t;|=========================|1.1kB t;|=========================|951B t;|=========================|1.1kB t;|=========================|951B t;|=========================|1.1kBReadingrepositorymetadatainfromlocal t;|=========================|28kB00:04update:##################################################84/84Added84newpackages,deleted1499oldin3.44 t;|=========================|157BAdded0newpackages,deleted1499oldin1.97 t;|=========================|26kB00:00extras:##################################################Added102newpackages,deleted1499oldin2.73ReducingDagRPMRepositoryforRedHatEnterpriseLinuxtoincludedpackagesParsingpackageinstallargumentsResolvingDependencies–>Populatingtransactionsetwithselectedpackages.Please—>Downloadingheaderforpostfixtopackintotransaction t;|=========================|40kB—>Packagepostfix.i3862:2.2.10-1.RHEL4.2settobe–>RunningtransactioncheckDependenciesResolvedPackageArchVersionRepositorypostfixi3862:2.2.10-1.RHEL4.2base3.0TransactionInstall1Update0Remove0Totaldownloadsize:3.0MDownloadingPackages:(1/1):postfix-2.2.10- t;|=========================|3.0MBRunningTransactionTestFinishedTransactionTestTransactionTestSucceededRunningTransactionInstalling:postfix#########################Installed:postfix.i3862:2.2.10-1.RHEL4.2PostfixPostfix[root@sample~]#vi/etc/postfix/main.cf←Postfix#myhostname=host..tld←找到此行，将等号后面的部分改写为主机↓myhostname= ←#my=.tld←找到此行，将等号后面的部分改写↓my ←变为此状态，设置（让此处设置将成为E-#myorigin=$my←找到此行，将行首的#去↓myorigin=$my←变为此状态，将发信地址“@”后面的部分设置为（非系统inet_interfaces=localhost←找到此行，将“localhost”改为↓inet_interfaces=all←mydestination=$myhostname,localhost.$my,localhost←找到此行，在行为添“$my↓mydestination=$myhostname,localhost.$my,localhost,$my←变为此状#relay_s=$mydestination←找到此行，将行首的#去↓relay_s=$mydestination←变为此状态，定义允许转发#mynetworks=168.100.189.0/28,127.0.0.0/8←↓mynetworks=168.100.189.0/28,127.0.0.0/8←IP地址范#home_mailbox=Maildir/←找到这一行，去掉行首的↓home_mailbox=Maildir/←#SHOWSOFTWAREVERSIONORNOT#Thesmtpd_bannerparameterspecifiesthetextthatfollowsthe220#codeintheSMTPserver’sgreetingbanner.Somepeopleliketosee#themailversionadvertised.Bydefault,Postfixshowsnoversion.##YouMUSTspecify$myhostnameatthestartofthetext.Thatisan#RFCrequirement.Postfixitselfdoesnotcare.##smtpd_banner=$myhostnameESMTP#smtpd_banner=$myhostnameESMTP$mail_name($mail_version)←找到这一行，接此smtpd_banner=$myhostnameESMTPunknow←添加这一行，不显示SMTP服务器的相smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes←SMTPsmtpd_sasl_local_=$myhostname←指定SMTP认证的本地（主机名）smtpd_sasl_security_options=noanonymous←不允许的方式认证smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_dsmtpd_sasl_security_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_destination←(veryimportant)message_size_limit= ←SMTP为了提高安全性，我们不将系统用户的作为相应用户SMTP认证的，而将在后面为用户建立SMTP认证的。[root@sample~]#vi/usr/lib/sasl2/smtpd.conf←SMTPpwcheck_method:saslauthd←找到此行，将“saslauthd”改为↓pwcheck_method:auxprop←不使用系统用户作为用户的SMTP认[root@sample~]#vi/etc/sysconfig/saslauthdMECH=shadow←找到这一行，面加↓#MECH=shadow←shadowFLAGS=←找到此行，在等号后面添加↓FLAGS=sasldb← [root@sample~]#mkdir/etc/skel/Maildir←在用户模板下建立用户邮箱[root@sample~]#od700/etc/skel/Maildir←设置用户邮箱 属性为700 [root@sample~]#mkdir/home/centospub/Maildir←为用户（centospub用户为[root@sample~]#od700/home/centospub/Maildir←设置该用户邮 属性为[root@sample~]#chowncentospub./home/centospub/Maildir←设置该用户邮箱 SMTP[root@sample~]#saslpasswd2-usa -ccentospub←centospub用户SMTP认证Password:←在这里输入（不会显示Again(forverification):←SALS[root@sample~]#chgrppostfix/etc/sasldb2←postfix，[root@sample~]#od640/etc/sasldb2←将数据库属性改为640sendmail[root@sample~]#/etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmailstop←sendmailShuttingdown [OKShuttingdownsm- [OK[root@sample~]#chkconfigsendmailoff←sendmail[root@sample~]#chkconfig–listsendmail←sendmail自启动已被关闭（offsendmail0:off1:off2:off3:off4:off5:off[root@sample~]#alternatives–configmta←MTAThereare2programswhichprovide‘mta’.Selection*+1/usr/sbin/sendmail.sendmail←当前状态：sendmailMTA2/usr/sbin/sendmail.postfixEntertokeepthecurrentselection[+],ortypeselectionnumber:2←2PostfixMTA最后，启动SMTPPostfix[root@sample~]#chkconfigsaslauthdon←SMTP-Auth[root@sample~]#chkconfig–listsaslauthd←确认SMTP-Authsaslauthd0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off←2~5onOK[root@sample~]#/etc/rc.d/init.d/saslauthdstart←SMTP-AuthStarting [OK[root@sample~]#chkconfigpostfixon←Postfix[root@sample~]#chkconfig–listpostfix←Postfixpostfix0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off←2~5onOK[root@sample~]#/etc/rc.d/init.d/postfixstart←PostfixStarting [OKPOPPOP/IMAPPOP/IMAP是MUA从邮件服务器中邮件时使用的协议。其中，与POP3是从邮件服务器中邮件比起来，IMAP4则是将邮件留在服务器端直接对邮件进行管理、操DovecotPOP3IMAP4等协议支持的邮件接收服务器的Dovecot是一个比较新的软件，由TimoSirainen开发，最初发布于20027月。作者Dovecot在安全性方面比较出众。另外，Dovecot支持多种认[root@sample~]#yum-yinstalldovecot ←安装DovecotSettingupInstallProcessSettingup t;|=========================|1.1kB t;|=========================|951B t;|=========================|1.1kB t;|=========================|951B t;|=========================|1.1kBReadingrepositorymetadatainfromlocalfilesParsingpackageinstallargumentsResolving-->Populatingtransactionsetwithselectedpackages.Please--->Downloadingheaderfordovecottopackintotransaction t;|=========================|15kB--->Packagedovecot.i3860:0.99.11-4.EL4settobe-->Runningtransaction-->ProcessingDependency:libmysql.so.14(libmysql_14)forpackage:-->ProcessingDependency:libpq.so.3forpackage:-->ProcessingDependency:libmysql.so.14forpackage:-->RestartingDependencyResolutionwithnew-->Populatingtransactionsetwithselectedpackages.Please--->Downloadingheaderforpostgresql-libstopackintotransaction t;|=========================|11kB--->Packagepostgresql-libs.i3860:7.4.13-2.RHEL4.1settobe--->Downloadingheaderformysqltopackintotransaction t;|=========================|35kB--->Packagemysql.i3860:4.1.20-1.RHEL4.1settobe-->Runningtransaction-->ProcessingDependency:perl(DBI)forpackage:-->RestartingDependencyResolutionwithnew-->Populatingtransactionsetwithselectedpackages.Please--->Downloadingheaderforperl-DBItopackintotransaction t;|=========================|11kB--->Packageperl-DBI.i3860:1.40-8settobe-->RunningtransactioncheckDependenciesResolvedPackageArchVersionRepositorydovecoti3860.99.11-4.EL4base612kInstallingfordependencies:mysqli3864.1.20-1.RHEL4.1base2.9Mperl-DBIi3861.40-8base466kpostgresql-libsi3867.4.13-2.RHEL4.1base146TransactionInstall4Update0Remove0Totaldownloadsize:4.1MDownloadingPackages:(1/4):dovecot-0.99.11- t;|=========================|612kB(2/4):postgresql-libs-7. t;|=========================|146kB00:00(3/4):mysql-4.1.20-1.RHE t;|=========================|2.9MB00:02(4/4):perl-DBI-1.40-8.i3 t;|=========================|466kB00:00RunningTransactionTestFinishedTransactionTestTransactionTestSucceededRunningTransactionInstalling:perl-DBI#########################Installing:mysql#########################[2/4]Installing:postgresql-libs#########################[3/4]Installing:dovecot#########################[4/4]Installed:dovecot.i3860:0.99.11-DependencyInstalled:mysql.i3860:4.1.20-1.RHEL4.1perl-DBI.i3860:1.40-8postgresql-i3860:7.4.13-[root@sample~]#vi/etc/