阅读4老师第4课每一分钟都会变得更好小火苗

歌曲：GoodMorningandGoodNightByMaggieMcClure 第第4课仔细阅读（1 归纳推断 解题思路解题思路题型特点题型特点做题步骤 问题类型问题类型划分原则 做标记做标记划出划出问题类型，圈出其他WhatisthefindingoftheresearchersledbyMartinWhatdostudiesaboutmenandwomeninscientificresearch研 信号词n.:research,study,survey,investigation,poll,researcherfinding,focus,aim,goal,significancev.:find,findout,show,reveal,suggest,report,mean,资料搜索话题#研 ： 读懂句子 读懂句子读懂句子 读懂句子AArecentstudyhasfoundthatwomenwhocarryalittleextralivelongerthanthemenwhomention真题练习真题练习研 - WhatisthefindingoftheresearchersledbyMartinReducingfoodintakeisnotthatdifficultifpeoplegotoMcDonald'sMostkidsandadultsdon'tactuallyfeelhungrywhentheyeathalfoftheirEatingasmallerportionoffooddoesgoodtothehealthofkidsandadultsMostkidsandadultswouldchooseasmallermealthatcamewithanon-foodTheresearchers,ledbyMartinReimann,carriedoutaseriesofexperimentstoseeifpeoplewouldchooseasmallermealifitwaspairedwithanon-fooditem.Theyfoundthatthemajorityofbothkidsandadultsoptedforahalf-portionwhencombinedwithaprize.Bothoptionswerepricedthe归纳推断- WhathavesomewaiterscometorealizeaccordingtoaServicequalityhaslittleeffectontipItisinhumannaturetotrytosaveonTipsmakeitmoredifficulttopleaseTipsbenefitthebossratherthantheOneargumentthatyoutendtohearalotfromthepro-tipcrowdseemslogicalenough:theserviceisbetterwhenwaitersdependontips,presumablybecausetheyseeabenefittosuccessfullyveilingtheircontemptforyou.Well,ifthisweretrue,wewouldallbeslipafew100-dollarbillstoourdoctorsonthewayouttheirdoors,too.…归纳推断-归纳推断- WhathavesomewaiterscometorealizeaccordingtoaServicequalityhaslittleeffectontipItisinhumannaturetotrytosaveonTipsmakeitmoredifficulttopleaseTipsbenefitthebossratherthanthe…Butasitturnsout,waitersseeonlyatinybumpintipswhentheydoanexceptionaljobcomparedtoapassableone.Waiters,keenobserversofhumanitythattheyare,arecatchingontothis;inonepoll,afull30%saidtheydidn'tbelievethejobtheydidhadanyimpactonthetipstheyreceived.归纳推断-归纳推断- WhatdostudiesaboutmenandwomeninscientificresearchWomenengagedinpostdoctoralworkarequicklycatchingFewerwomenareapplyingforpostdoctoralpositionsduetogenderMenarebelievedtobebetterabletoexcelinSTEMWomenwhoarekeenlyinterestedinSTEMfieldsareoftenAsinmanyotherfields,genderbiasiswidespreadinthesciences.Menscorehigherstartingsalaries,havemorementoring（指导）,andhavebetteroddsofbeinghired.Studiesshowthey'realsoperceivedasmorecompetentthanwomeninSTEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,andMathematics)fields.Andnewresearchrevealsthatmenaremorelikelytoreceiveexcellentlettersofmendation,too.归纳推断-归纳推断- WhatdidDavidRubin'sresearchfindaboutItisrelatedtothewayourmemoriesItisapossibleindicatorofafaultyItoccursmostlybetweenkidsandtheirItoftencausesmisunderstandingsamongProbablynot.Accordingtothefirstresearchtotacklethistopichead-on,misnamingthemostfamiliarpeopleinourlifeisacommoncognitive(认知的)errorthathastodowithhowourmemoriesclassifyandstorefamiliarnames.…归纳推断- WhatdidDavidRubin'sresearchfindaboutItisrelatedtothewayourmemoriesItisapossibleindicatorofafaultyItoccursmostlybetweenkidsandtheirItoftencausesmisunderstandingsamong…thatthe“wrong”nameisnotrandombutisinvariablyfishedoutfromtherelationshippond:children,siblings,friends.Thestudydidnotexaminethepossibilityofdeeppsychologicalsignificancetothemistake,sayspsychologistDavidRubin,“butitdoesluswho'sinandwho'soutofthegroup.”归纳推断- Whatdidthesurveysofmorethan1,700subjectsfindaboutItmoreoftenthannothurtsIthardlyoccursacrossgenderItismostfrequentlyfoundinextendedItmostoftenoccurswithinarelationshipTheresearchersconductedfiveseparatesurveysofmorethan1,700people.Someofthesurveysincludedonlycollegestudents;othersweredonewithamixed-agepopulation.Someaskedsubjectsabout swheresomeoneclosetothem—familyorfriend—hadcalledthembyanother ‘sname.Theothersurveysaskedabouttimeswhensubjectshadthemselvescalledsomeoneclosetothembythewrongname…归纳推断- Whatdidthesurveysofmorethan1,700subjectsfindaboutItmoreoftenthannothurtsIthardlyoccursacrossgenderItismostfrequentlyfoundinextendedItmostoftenoccurswithinarelationship…Allthesurveysfoundthatpeoplemixedupnameswithinrelationshipgroupssuchasgrandchildren,friendsa