电大英语阅读理解B

1、WhenIbegintolookbackonallfriendswhomIhavehad,Iquicklycametothe

conclusionthatJerrywasthemostimportantandhadthegreatesteffectuponmylife.Hisfamily

movedtomyblockwhenIwasonly10.Jerrywas15atthetime,butthefactthathewassomuch

olderthanmeseemedtomakenodifferencetohim.Iwasverygladthathelikedme.Wetook

longwalkstogether,onwhichhewouldtellmestorieshehadheardformTVandradioprograms.

Butasmonthswentby,achangecameintoourfriendship.Jerryalmoststoppedcomingby

thehouse,andeverytimeIwenttohishouseortelephoned,heputmeoffwithsomeexcusessuch

as"Fmstudyingnow"or'TvegotsomejobstodoforMum".Whenwepassedonthestreet,he

wouldstillgivemeawarmsmileandfriendlywavewitha"Hi,kid"，buthewouldhardlyever

stoptotalk.FinallyIrealizedthathewasnolongerinterestedinmeandthathistastehadchanged.

Inoticedhimwithagirlonceinawhileandseveraltimessawhimgoingoutinhisfamily'scaron

aFridayorSaturdaynight.Isimplycouldn'tunderstandwhatwassogreataboutgirlsandparties.

ButIwashurtwhenhefinallymademeknowthatourfriendshipwasatanend.Ofcoursehe

didn'treallymeantohurtme,butitwasalongtimebeforeIrealizedthatitwasanageproblem

thatcausedthebreak.Therewereaworldofdifferencesbetweentheideasandinterestsofa

17-year-oldanda12-year-old.NowthatI'moversixteenmyself,Irealizedthis,andthehurtIgot

thenhasbecomehappymemoriesofthegoodtimeswewereoncetogether.Iwonderifmillionsof

otherboysandgirlshavehadasimilarexperience.

(l)^WhenthewriterandJerryfirstmet,Jerrywas5yearsolder(hanihewriter

(2)>Theirfriendshiplastedforafewmonths

(3)^Jerrystoppedplayingwiththewriterbecausehewasnotinterestedinthewriter

(4)、Whenachangecameintheirfriendship,thewritercouldn'tunderstandhisfriendferalong

lime

(5)>Themainideaofthepassageisthattheagndifferenceplaysapartinfriendship

2、Onedayin1965,whenIwasalibraryworkeratschool,ateachercametome.Shehada

studentwhofinishedhisworkbeforealltheothersandneededsomethingmoredifficultforhimto

do.℃ouldyouhelpmeinthelibrary?1'sheasked.Isaid,"Sendhimalong."

Soon,agolden-hairedboyappeared.nDoyouhaveajobforme?"heasked.Itoldhimabouta

systemforsortingbooks.Hepickeduptheideaimmediately.ThenIshowedhimsomecardsfor

someunretumedbooksthatIthoughthadbeenreturnedbutnotrecorded.Maybesomebooks

wereputonwrongplaces.Hesaid,“Isitakindofadetective(侦探)job?"Iansweredyes,and

thenbeganhiswork.

Hehadfoundthreebookswithwrongcardsbythetimehisteacheropenedthedoorandsaid,

"Timeforrest!"hearguedforfinishingthefindingjob,buttheteacherwon.

Thenextmorning,hearrivedearly,"Iwanttofinishthesebooks,1'hesaid.Attheendofthe

day,whenheaskedtoworkwithmemoreoften,itwaseasyformetosayyes.

AfterafewweeksIfoundanoteonmydesk,invitingmetodinnerattheboy'shome.Atthe

endofapleasantevening,hismotherdeclaredthatthefamilywouldbemovingtoanotherschool.

Herson'sfirstconcern,shesaid,wasleavingthelibrary."Whowillfindthelostbooks?'1heasked.

Whenthetimecame,itwashardtosaygoodbye.Thoughatthebeginninghehadseemedan

ordinaryboy,hisstrongfeelingofinteresthadmadehimdifferent.

Doyouknowwhoheis?ThisboybecameagreatmanoftheInformationAge:BillGates.

(1)、WhydidtheteachergotothelibrarytofindajobforBillGates?

C：BecauseBillGatesfinishedhisstudyquicklyandhadmorefreetimethantheothers.

(2)>Whatdoyouknowfromthepassage?

B：BillGatesdidhisjobwithoutanydifficulty.

⑶、Thesentence"Hepickeduptheideaimmediately1'meansthat.

A：helearnedthatsystemquickly

(4)^WhatwasBillGatesexpectedtodointhelibrary?

D：Findingbookswithwrongcards.

(5)^HowdidBillGatesfeelwhenhisfamilywouldmovetoanotherschoolarea?

C：Worried.

3、PeopleoftensaythattheEnglishman'shomeishiscastle.Theymeanthatthehomeisvery

importantandpersonal.MostpeopleinBritainliveinhousesratherthanflats,andmanypeople

owntheirhomes.Thismeansthattheycanmakethempersonal,andchangetheminanywaythey

like.Mosthouseshaveagarden,evenifitisasmallone,andthegardenisusuallyloved.The

houseandthegardenaretheprivatespaceofaperson.Inacrowdedcityapersonknowsthathe

orshehasaprivatespacewhichisonlyforhimselforherselfandforinvitedfriends.

Peopleusuallyliketomarktheirspace.Ifyouareonthebeachyoumayhavespreadyour

towelsaroundyou;intherainyoumayhaveputyourcoatorsmallbagontheseatbesideyou;in

alibraryyoumayspreadyourbooksaroundyou.

OnceIwastravelingonatraintoLondon.Iwasonasectionforfourpeopleandtherewasa

tablebetweenus.Themanoppositetomehadhisbriefcaseonthetable.Therewasnospaceon

mysideofthetableatall.Iwasunhappy.Ithoughthethoughtthatheownedthewholetable.I

hadbeenreadingabookaboutnonverbal(非语言的)communicationsoItookvariouspapers

outofmybagandputthemonhiscase!WhenIdidthishesuddenlybecameangryandhiseyes

nearlypoppedout(突Hl)ofhishead.Ihadtakenuphisspace!AfewminuteslaterItookmy

papersoffinordertoreadthem.Heimmediatelymovedhiscasetohissideofthetable.

⑴、WhatdoesthefirstsentenceinParagraph1mean?

A：ThehomemattersgreatlytoEnglishmen.

(2)、WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonformostBritishtoliveinhomes?

B：Theylovehousesmorethangardens.

(3)^AccordingtoParagraph2,ifyouspreadyourbooksaroundyouinalibrary,itmeans.

D：youwanttotellothersthespacebelongstoyou

(4)、Howdidthemanoppositetothewritershowheownedthewholetable?

B：Heplacedhisbriefcaseonthetable.

⑸、Thewritertriedtogetbackhisspaceby.

C：takingupthespaceofthemanopposite

4^Downtheentrancehalloftheschoolwalkfoureighth-gradestudents.Eachoneiscarrying

asmallbasketwithasingleegginside.Soonmorestudentsjointhem-eachoneofthemisalso

carryingabasketwithanegg.Theeggsinabasketarepartofanewschoolprogramthathelps

youngpeopleunderstandthathavingababyisagreatduty.

Atthebeginningoftheprogram,theteacherputsthestudentsinpairs-onegirlandoneboy.

Eachpairgetsanegg,whichtheymusttakecareoffortwoweeks.Forthosefourteendays,the

studentshavetotakecareoftheeggsasthoughtheywererealbabies.Studentswhoseeggsget

brokenhavetostartthetwoweeksalloveragainwithanewegg.

Onepersonineachpairmusthavetheeggwithhimorheratalltimes-twenty-fourhoursa

day.Atnotimecantheylettheeggbeoutofsight.uIfateachercatchesyouwithoutyouregg,”

saidonestudent,"shemakesyougogetit.Theyarereallystrict."Theteachersalsomakethe

studentsspendhalfanhoureachdaysittingwiththeeggandjustwatchingit.Thatcangetpretty

boring.Butit'salsosomethingthatparentsspendalotoftimedoing.

Childrensaythattheprogramhashelpedthemunderstandthedutiesinvolvedinhavinga

child."Itwasreallyhard,"saidonestudent,^Youhadtothinkallthetimeabouttheegg."

⑴、Thepurposeoftheprogramistohelpstudentsgrasptheideaof.

B：bringingupababy

(2)^Atthebeginning,.

B：fourstudentsinallwereinterestedintheprogram

(3)^InthethirdlineofParagraph2,"they"refersto.

C：eggs

(4)^Whyshouldthestudentsintheprogramspendhalfanhoureachdaysittingwithaneggand

justwatchingit?

C：Becauseonlyinthiswaycanstudentsunderstandparentsintakingcareofchildren.

⑸、Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthat.

D：theprogramisofhelptochildren'sunderstandingofparents

5、Wesaythatapersonhasgoodmannersifheorshebehavespolitelyandiskindandhelpful

toothers.Everyonelikesapersonwithgoodmannersbutnoonelikesapersonwithbadmanners.

“Yes",youmaysay,"butwhataregoodmanners?HowdoIknowwhattodoandwhatnotto

do?u

Peopleallovertheworldagreethatbeingwell-manneredreallymeansbeingkindandhelping

others,especiallytothoseolderorweakerthanourselves.Ifyourememberthis,youwillnotgo

veryfarwrong.

Herearesomeexamplesofthethingsthatawell-manneredpersondoesordoesnotdo.

Heneverlaughsatpeoplewhentheyareintrouble.Instead,hetriestohelpthem.Heisalways

kind,nevercruel,eithertopeopleortoanimals.Whenpeoplearewaitingforabus,orinapost

office,hetakeshisturn.Hedoesnotpushtothefrontofthequeue.Inthebus,hegiveshisseatto

anoldpersonoraladywhoisstanding.Ifheaccidentallybumpsintosomeone,orgetsintheir

way,hesays,"excuseme"or"Pmsorry1'.

Hesays"please"whenmakingarequest,and"thankyou1'whenhereceivessomething.He

standsupwhenspeakingtoaladyoranolderperson,andhedoesnotsitdownuntiltheother

personisseated.Hedoesnotinterruptotherpeoplewhentheyaretalking.Hedoesnottalktoo

muchhimself.Hedoesnottalkloudlyorlaughloudlyinpublic.Wheneating,hedoesnotspeak

withhismouthfulloffood.Heusesahandkerchiefwhenhesneezesorcoughs.

(l)^Whichofthefollowingisconsideredasbeingwell-mannered?

C：Helpingolderpeople

(2)^Ifyoutrytobekindandhelpfultoothers,you.

C：willbeconsideredverypolite

⑶、Whenwaitingforabus,awell-manneredpersonshould.

D：standwhereheisandwaitforhisturn

(4)、Accordingtothispassage,apoliteperson.

A：willnotbreakintoother'sconversation

⑸、Theword"accidentally"(Line5,Para.4)means.

B：byaccident

6^AyoungmanwholivedinLondonwasinlovewithabeautifulgirl.Soonshebecamehis

fiancee(未婚妻).Themanwasverypoorwhilethegirlwasrich.Theyoungmanwantedto

makeherapresentonherbirthday.Hewantedtobuysomethingbeautifulforher,buthehadno

ideahowtodoit,ashehadverylittlemoney.Thenextmorninghewenttoashop.Therewere

manyfinethingsthere:goldwatches,diamond...butallthesethingsweretooexpensive.There

wasonethinghecouldnottakehiseyesoff.Itwasabeautifulvase.Thatwasasuitablepresent

forhisfiancee.Hehadbeenlookingatthevaseforhalfanhourwhenthemanageroftheshop

noticedhim.Theyoungmanlookedsopale,sadandunhappythatthemanageraskedwhathad

happenedtohim.

Theyoungmantoldhimeverything.Themanagerfeltsorryforhimanddecidedtohelphim.

Abrightideastruckhim.Themanagerpointedtothecorneroftheshop.Tohisgreatsurprisethe

youngmansawavasebrokenintomanypieces.Themanagersaid:"Whentheservantentersthe

room,hewilldropit."

Onthebirthdayofhisfianceetheyoungmanwasveryexcited.

Everythinghappenedashadbeenplanned.Theservantbroughtinthevase,andasheenteredthe

room,hedroppedit.Therewashorroroneverybody'sface.Whentheboxwasopened,theguests

sawthateachpiecewaspackedseparately.

(1)>Thestorytookplace.

B：inEngland

(2)^Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A：Theyoungman,sfamilywaspoorwhilethebeautifulgirlisrich.

(3)^Whydidtheyoungmanwanttobuyapresentforthegirl?

C：Herbirthdaywascomingsoon.

(4)^Whydidtheshopmanagercometotalktotheyoungman?

B：Helookedpaleandsad.

(5)^Onthebirthdayofhisfiancee,theyoungmanwasexcitedbecause.

D：hewasnotsurewhetherhistrickwouldbeseenthrough

7、Ourchild'sbehaviorisgreatlyinfluencedbythewaywereacttowhathehasdone.Our

reactionshelptodeterminewhetherourchildwillrepeathisbehaviororwhetherhewilldo

somethingdifferent.Thisstatementisaveryimportantpartofaprincipleofbehavioral

psychology.

Theprinciplestatesthatabehaviorisinfluencedoraffectedbyhowtheenvironment-

people,placesandthings——immediatelyrespondstothebehavior.Perhapswithoutrealizingit,

youhaveusedthisprinciplemanytimes.

Ontheoccasionwhenyoutoldyourchildwhatagoodboyhewasafterhecleaneduphis

room,youusedtheprinciple.Whenyousentyourchildtohisroomforfightingwithhisbrother,

youusedtheprinciple.WhenIgaveKimacookieaftershestartedtocry,Iusedtheprinciple.In

eachoftheseexamples,aparticularbehavioroccurredfirst----cleaninguparoom,fighting,and

crying.

Inaddition,therewasareactiontoeachbehavior--一thechildwaspraised,senttohisroom,

orgivenacookie.Bytheseactions,wehaveinfluencedthepreviousbehaviorsandhavehelpedto

determinewhetherthosebehaviorswilloccuragaininthefuture.

(1)、Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?

C：Children'sbehaviorandourresponse.

(2)、Onwhatkindofprincipleisthelecturebased?

B：Aprincipleinbehavioralpsychology.

⑶、Whodoyouthinktheaudienceatthislecturemightbe?

D：Parents.

(4)^Accordingtothelecture,whywasthechildsenttohisroom?

A：Asakindofpunishment.

(5)>Whatdoesthelecturermeanby"environment'1?

C：People,placesandthings.

8^Ifyou'vebeenjoininginchatroomconversations,ortradinge-mailwithnetpals,youhave

becomeoneofthemillionswhowriteinaspecial,shortformofEnglish.

Throughouttheworld,everynightchildrenandtheireldersare"talking"online—manyof

themaretalkingatthesametime.

It'sfast:tryingtalkingtosixpeopleonce.It'sconvenient:threeorfourwordsperexchange.It

takescleverness,concentrationandquickfingers.

Anditrequiresverysimplelanguage.There'sneithertimenorspaceforexplanations.Why

wasteprecioustimetellingsixfriendsyouhavetoleaveforamomenttotakecareofyourlittle

brotherwhenBRB(=berightback)willdo?

Wanttoenteraconversation?JusttypePMFJI(=pardonmeforjumpingin).

Interestedinwhomyou'retalkingto?TypeA/S/L,thecommonrequesttoknowyourpal'sage,

sexandlocation.Youmayget15/M/NYasareplyfromyourpal.

Ifsomethingmakesyoulaugh,sayyou'reOTF(=onthefloor),orLOL(=laughingoutloud),

orjointhetwointoROTFL(=rollingonthefloorlaughing).

Andwhenit'stimetogetbacktoworkorgotobed,youtypeGTG(=gottogo)orTTYL

(=talktoyoulater).

Peoplewanttowriteasfastaspossible,andtheywanttogettheirideasacrossasquicklyas

theycan.Capitallettersareleftinthedust,exceptwhenexpressingfeeling,asittakesmoretime

toholddownthe"shift"keyandusecapitals.Punctuationisgoingtoo.

(1)>Whenpeopleareonline,theytalkby.

D：makinguseofanespeciallyshortformofEnglish

⑵、TheInternetmakesmanypeopleintheworld.

A：talkingatthesametime

⑶、Thesentence"There'sneithertimenorspaceforexplanations"meansthat.

C：peopleonlinehavetoexpressthemselvesinasimpleway

⑷、Ifyouget19/M/HKasananswertoyourA/S/L,itmeans.

B：youaretalkingtoaboy19yearsoldandhelivesinHongKong

(5)^Whichofthefollowingisawaytosaveonlinetime?

A：Peopleseldomusecapitallettersorpunctuationmarks.

9^InthewateraroundNewYorkcityisaverysmallislandcalledLibertyIsland.OnLiberty

IslandthereisaveryspecialstatuecalledtheStatueofLiberty.Itisoneofthemostfamoussights

intheworld.

TheStatueofLibertywasagiftfromthepeopleofFrancetothepeopleoftheUnitedSlates.

ThestatuewasmadebyaFrenchsculptornamedFredericAugusteBartholdi.Theinnersupport

systemwasdesignedbyGustaveEiffel,thesamemanwhomadethefamousEiffelTowerinParis.

Liberty,ofcourse,meansfreedom,andtheStatueofLibertywasgiventotheUnitedStatesto

celebratetheone-hundredthanniversaryofU.SindependencefromEngland.Thestatuewasbuilt

inFrance,takenapartpiecebypiece,andthenrebuiltintheUnitedStates.Itwasopenedforthe

publiconOctober28,1886.

Asyoumightexpect,thestatueisverybig.Visitorscanrideanelevatorfromthegroundto

thebottomofthestatue.Iftheywant,theycanthenwalkup168stepstoreachtheheadofthe

statuewheretheycanlookoutandenjoythebeautifulsightofthecityofNewYork.

(1)>Agoodtitleforthisselectionis.

C：TheStatueofLiberty

(2)^Theword"sightsHinthefirstparagraphmeans.

D：somethingthatyoucansee

⑶、Thestatuewasbuilt.

A：inFrance

(4)、Wemayconcludethattheelevatordoesnot.

C：gotothetop

(5)>Themanwhomadethepartofthestatuethatwecanseeontheoutsidewas.

C：Eiffel

10、AlbertEinsteinhadagreateffectonscienceandhistory,greaterthanwhatonlyafew

othermenhaveachieved.AnAmericanuniversitypresidentoncecommentedthatEinsteinhad

createdanewoutlook,anewviewoftheuniverse.Itmaybesometimebeforetheaveragemind

understandsfullytheidentityoftimeandspaceandsoon-butevenordinarymenunderstandnow

thattheuniverseissomethinglargerthaneverthoughtbefore.

By1914theyoungEinsteinhadgainedworldfame.Heacceptedtheoffertobecomea

professoratthePrussianAcademyofScienceinBerlin.Hehadfewduties,littleteachingand

unlimitedopportunitiesforstudy,butsoonhispeaceandquietwerebrokenbytheFirstWorld

War.Einsteinhatedviolence.Themiseryofwaraffectedhimdeeply,andhesatunhappilyinhis

officedoinglittle.Helostinterestinhisresearch.Onlywhenpeacecamein1918washeableto

getbacktowork.

IntheyearsfollowingWorldWarIhonorswereincreasinglyheapedonhim.Hebecamethe

headoftheKaiserWhihemInstituteofTheoreticalPhysics.In1921hewontheNoblePrize,and

hewashonoredinGermanyuntiltheriseofNazismwhenhewasdrivenfromGermanybecause

hewasaJew.

⑴、ThemainideaofParagraph1is.

C：thechangeinhumanthoughtproducedbyEinstein

⑵、AccordingtotheAmericanuniversitypresident,.

D：OurideasabouttheuniversearedifferenttodaybecauseofEinstein

(3)、AccordingtoParagraph2,AlbertEinstein.

C：wasfamousintheworld

(4)、AccordingtothepassageEinsteindidhisgreatestwork.

B：whenhewasyoung

⑸、Itmaybeconcludedthat.

C：Germansusuallyhaveahighrespectforscience

II、Afterhavinglivedforovertwentyyearsinthesamedistrict,AlbertHallwasforcedto

movetoanewneighborhood.Hesurprisedhislandlordbytellinghimthathewasleavingbecause

hecouldnotaffordtobuyanymorechocolate.

ItallbeganayearagowhenAlbertHallreturnedhomeoneeveningandfoundalargedogin

frontofhisgate.Hewasveryfondofanimalsandashehappenedtohaveasmallpieceof

chocolateinhispocket,hegaveittothedog.Thenextday,thedogwasthereagain.Itheldupits

paws(爪子)andreceivedanotherpieceofchocolateasareward.Albertcalledhisnewfriend

"Bingo".Heneverfoundoutthedog'srealname,norwhohisownerwas.However,Bingo

appearedregularlyeveryafternoonanditwasquiteclearthathelikedchocolatemorethanbones.

Hesoongrewdissatisfiedwithsmallpiecesofchocolateanddemandedalargebaraday.Ifatany

timeAlbertcouldn'tgiveit,Bingogotveryangryandrefusedtolethimopenthegate.Albertwas

nowatBingo'smercyandhadto"buyhim'1togetintohisownhouse!Hespentsuchalargepart

ofhisweek'swagetokeepBingosuppliedwithchocolatethatintheendhehadtomove

somewhereelse.

(l)^Alberthadbeenlivinginthesamedistrictfor.

D：morethantwentyyears

⑵、Albertdecidedtomovebecause.

C：hecouldn'tgetintohisownhouse

⑶、BingowaitedforAlberteveryafternoonatthegatebecause.

B：hewantedthechocolate

(4)、Wecantellfromthestorythat.

D：ittookAlberttoomuchmoneytobuychocolateforBingo

(5)、Alberthadto"buyhim"means.

C：Alberthadtogivehimchocolate

12^Nooneisgladtohearthathisbodyhastobecutopenbyasurgeon(夕卜科医生)

andpartofittakenout.Today,however,weneedn'tworryaboutfeelingofpainduringthe

operation.Thesickpersonfallsintoakindofsleep,andwhenheawakes,theoperationisfinished.

Butthesehappyconditionsarefairlynew.Itisnotmanyyearssinceamanwhohadtohavean

operationfeltallhispain.

Longago,operationhadusuallytobedonewhilethesickmancouldfeeleverything.The

sickmanhadtobehelddownonatablebyforcewhilethedoctorsdidtheirbestforhim.He

couldfeelallthepainifhislegorarmwasbeingcutoff,andhisfearfulcriesfilledtheroomand

theheartsofthosewhowatched.

Soonafter1770,JosephPriestleydiscoveredagaswhichisnowcalled"laughinggas".

LaughinggasbecameknowninAmerica.Youngmenandwomenwenttopartiestotryit.Mostof

themspenttheirtimelaughing,butonemanataparty,HoraceWells,noticedthatpeopledidn't

seemtofeelpainwhentheywereusingthisgas.Hedecidedtomakeanexperimentonhimself.

Heaskedafriendtohelphim.

Wellstooksomeofthegas,andhisfriendpulledoutoneofWelfsteeth.Wellsfeltnopainat

all.

Ashedidn'tknowenoughaboutlaughinggas,hegaveamanlessgasthanheshouldhave.

Themancriedoutwithpainwhenhistoothwasbeingpulledout.

Wellstriedagain,butthistimehegavetoomuchofthegas,andthemandied.Wellsnever

forgotthisterribleevent.

(l)^Itissinceamanbeingoperatedfeltallthepain.

B：notlong

(2)^Longago,whenthesickmanwasoperatedon,he.

C：couldfeelallthepain

⑶、Usingthelaughinggas,thepeopledidnotseemto.

B：feelpain

(4)^Ifamantooklesslaughinggasthanheshouldhavewhenanoperationwenton,he.

C：stillfeltpain

(5)^Onewhotooktoomuchofthelaughinggas.

B：woulddie

13^Thetotalareaoflandonearthisabout149millionsquarekilometers,orabout29percent

ofthetotalareaoftheearth.

Theaverageheightofthelandisabout750metresabovethesealevel.TheEurasian(欧亚大

陆的)landmassisthelargestwithanareaof54,527,600squarekilometers.Thesmallest

continentistheAustralianmainland,withanareaofabout7,614,600squarekilometers,which

togetherwithTasmania,NewZealand,NewGuineaandthePacificIslands,isdescribedas

Oceania.ThetotalareaofOceaniaisabout8,935,500squarekilometres,includingWestIran

whichispoliticalinAsia.

Theworld'slargestpeninsula(半岛)isArabia,withanareaofabout3,327,500square

kilometres.ThelargestislandintheworldisGreenland,withanareaofabout2,175,600square

kilometres.

ThelargestislandsurroundedbyfreshwateristheIlhadeMarajo(4,022squarekilometres)

inthemouthoftheAmazonRiver,Brazil.ThelargestislandinalakeisManitoulinIsland(2,766

squarekilometres)intheCanadiansectionofLakeHuron.Thisislanditselfhasonitalakeof106

squarekilometrescalledManitouLake,inwhichthereareseveralislands.

⑴、Thetotalareaoftheworldisabout.

A：514millionsquarekilometers

⑵、TheareaofTasmania,NewZealand,NewGuineaandthePacificIslandsaddsuptoabout

squarekilometres.

B：1,320,900

⑶、Oceaniaismadeupof.

D：Australia,NewZealand,Tasmania,NewGuineaandthePacificIslands

(4)、Asmentionedinthepassagethereareseveralislandsin.

C：ManitouLake

⑸、Thelargestislandsurroundedbyfreshwaterisin.

A：ariver

14>Allovertheworldpeopleenjoysports.Sportshelptokeeppeoplehealthy,happyand

helpthemtolivelonger.

Sportschangewiththeseason.Peopleplaydifferentgamesinwinterandsummer.

Gamesandsportsoftengrowoutofpeople'sworkandeverydayactivities.TheArabsuse

horsesorcamelsinmuchoftheireverydaylife;theyusethemintheirsports,too.

Somesportsaresointerestingthatpeopleeverywheregoinforthem.Football,forexample,

hasspreadaroundtheworld.Swimmingispopularinallcountriesneartheseaorinthosewith

manyrivers.

Somesportsorgamesgobacktothousandsofyearsago,likerunningorjumping.Chinese

boxing,forexample,hasaverylonghistory.Butbasketballandvolleyballarerathernew.Neither

oneisahundredyearsoldyet.Peopleareinventingnewsportsorgamesallthetime.

Peoplefromdifferentcountriesmaynotbeabletounderstandeachother,butafteragame

theyoftenbecomegoodfriends.Sportshelptotrainaperson'scharacter.Onelearnstofighthard

butfightfair,towinwithoutprideandtolosewithgrace.

⑴、Accordingtothispassageweknowthat.

D：notallthegameshavealonghistory

(2)、Thewriterdidn'ttellusinthispassagethat.

A：basketballwasinventedinAmerica

⑶、Peopleallovertheworldenjoysportsbecause.

D：alloftheabove

(4)、Fromthispassagewecanseethat.

D：accordingtotheauthorsportsandgamesaresignificanttoourlifeinmanyrespects

(5)^What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardssports?

A：positive

15^ItwasMonday.Mrs.Smith'sdogwashungry,buttherewasnotanymeatinthe

house.Mrs.Smithtookapieceofpaper,andwrotethefollowingwordsonit:"Givemydoghalfa

poundofmeat."Thenshegavethepapertoherdogandsaidgently:"Takethistothebutcherand

he'sgoingtogiveyouyourlunchtoday."Holdingthepieceofpaperinitsmouth,thedogranto

thebutcher's.Itgavethepapertothebutcher.Thebutcherreaditcarefully,recognizedthatitwas

reallythelady*shandwritingandsoondiditashewasaskedto.Thedogwasveryhappy,andate

themeatupatonce.Atnoon,thedogcametotheshopagain.Itgavethebutcherapieceofpaper

again.Afterreadingit,hegaveithalfapoundofmeatoncemore.Thenextday,thedogcame

againexactlyatnoonstillwithapieceofpaperinthemouth.Thistime,thebutcherdidnottakea

lookatpaper,andgavethedogitsmeat,forhehadregardedthedogasoneofhiscus