2023年高考英语押题预测卷（新高考I卷）（含解析）

地理第页2023年高考英语押题预测卷（新高考I卷）参考答案与解析第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Afestival. B．Anancestor. C．Akindoffood.【答案】A【原文】M:Lisa,WhatisTomb-sweepingDay?W:It’satraditionalChinesefestivalWhereWepayrespecttoourancestorsanddeadfamilymembers.M:Oh,Iseeyouguyseatsomegreendumplings.Whataretheymadeof?W:StickyriceandvegetablejuiceWithredbeansinside2．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Makemorefriends.B．Tryharderatwork.C．Haveapositiveattitude.【答案】C【原文】M:Eventually,you’llbeoldlikeme,Helen.Now,youhavelessresponsibility—soenjoyit.W:That’strue,Grandpa.I’mjuststressedaboutmygradesandschoolfriends.M:Allstudentsdo—justtrytoenjoyyourworkanddon’tworry.3．Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A．Hehurthisface.B．Hewenttothedentist.C．Hehadatoothpulledout.【答案】B【原文】W:Hi,Robert,whathappenedtoyourface?M:Igotatoothfilledyesterday.Thathurt.4．Whatarethespeakersdoing?A．Practicingaplay. B．Takingawalkdowntown. C．Filmingamoviescene.【答案】C【原文】W:“Iusedtolovewalkingdownthesestreets.Now,itfeelslikeI’mastrangerinachild’sdreamsomewhere!”M:Allright,that’sacut.Mandy,Ilovetheemotion,buteverytimeyousaythatlastline,youlookatthecamera.OK,againfromthetop…5．Whatarethespeakersdoing?A．Havingameeting. B．Interviewingapplicants. C．Givingapresentation.【答案】B【原文】M:Well,Ithinkheisconfident,thoughtfulandshowedanunderstandingofalltherequirementswehavehere.W:Iagreeuptoapoint.Heiseasilythemostimpressivesofar.Perhapsheisalittletoosureofhimself.M:Yes.Shallwegetthenextonein?第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答6、7小题。6．Whatisthepartyheldfor?A．Maria’sbirthday.B．Maria’spromotion.C．Maria’sretirement.7．Wherewasthepartyoriginallyscheduledtotakeplace?A．Intheoffice. B．Inthegarden. C．Intheconferenceroom.【答案】6．C7．B【原文】M:Iftheraindoesn’tstopwithinthenexttwohours,weshouldconsiderpostponingMaria’sretirementparty.W:Ithinkit’stoolatetopostponeit.Thefoodandflowersaresettoarriveinanhour,sowe’dbettercomeupwithanalternativetoholdingitinthegarden.M:Whydon’twehavethemsetupintheconferenceroominstead?It’sashametomoveitindoors,butwhatotherchoicesdowehave?W:OK.I’llgotomyofficeandcalleveryonetoletthemknowthatwe’removingthepartytotheconferenceroom.听第7段材料，回答8至10小题。8．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inthehills. B．Inahotel. C．Onacampsite.9．Whattimeofdayisit?A．Inthemorning. B．Atnoon. C．Intheevening.10．Whatarethespeakersdoing?A．Settingupacamp. B．Goingonahike. C．Takingphotos.【答案】8．A9．C10．B【原文】M:Thesehillsaretakingalotlongertocrossthanyousaid,andI’msureIjustheardabear.Weweresupposedtohavereachedthehotelbynow.Arewelost?W:No,ofcoursenot.Youkeptstoppingtotakephotosofallthelovelyscenery(风景).That’swhyit’stakinglongerthanwethought.M:Butwe’vebeenwalkingforhours.It’sgettingdark.W:Stopworrying—Ijustcan’tfindwhereweareonthemap,that’sall.M:Ohno—sowearelost!AllIwanttodoisgotosleep!W:Listen,iftheworstcomestotheworst,we’lljusthavetosetupacampinthosewoods.M:What?Thosedeepdarkwoodsoverthere?No,thankyou.W:Comeonthen.Iguessthehotelisontheothersideofthathill.I’llraceyou!M:Waitforme!听第8段材料，回答11-13小题。11．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout？A．Thewoman’spoorhealth. B．Thecleaningofthefloor. C．Theprizeforagoodjob.12．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers？A．Husbandandwife. B．Doctorandpatient. C．Bossandemployee.13．WhatdoweknowabouttheRoomba?A．Ithelpsthemanwithhiswork.B．Itcoststhewomannearly$400.C．Itfreesusersofheavyhousework.【答案】11．B12．A13．C【原文】M:Thefloorlookssoshining.Didyoucallthecleaningcompany?W:No.Ihadaheadacheandreturnedhomeearlier.SoIdiditmyself.M:Aheadache?W:Don’tworry.Iamfeelingmuchbetternow.M:Youcouldhavecalledme.W:Thanks,honey.Itwasn’tashardasyouthink.IhavebeenusingaRoombarecently.M:Oh,thatcleaningrobot?Itcostsalot.Maybe$400?W:Actually,Igotitasaprizefrommybosslastweek.YouknowIalwaysdoagoodjob.M:Yousavedalot.Bytheway,howtousetheRoomba?W:It’seasy.Justpressthebutton.Youcandosomethingelsewhileit’sworking.M:Interesting.Letmehelpcleanthefloornexttime.W:Sure.听第9段材料，回答14-17小题。14．What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Colleagues. B．Friends. C．Classmates.15．Whydoesn'tSharonworkinherownoffice?A．Herdeskinitisn'tbigenough.B．Shedoesn'tlikeitatall.C．Mr.Smithdoesn'tallowherto.16．WhatdoesMr.Smithoffertodo?A．PutasmalldeskinSharon'soffice.B．HelpSharonwiththemailhimself.C．AskMissGreentohelpSharon17．WhatwillSharondonext?A．AttendthemeetingB．FinishherworkonherownC．Cleanupherofficebyherself【答案】14．A15．A16．C17．B【原文】M:Sharon?W:Yes,Mr.Smith.M:Wouldyoumindtakingyourstufftoyouroffice?Thisistheconferenceroom.AndIneedtousethisroomatthreeo'clock.W:I’msosorry.IknowIshouldhaveworkedinmyoffice,buttheselettersfromtheaudiencetookupsomuchspace,Iwasn’tabletodoitonmydesk.M:Isee.Doyouhavetofinishreadingthembytoday?W:I’mafraidso.M:I’llseewhatIcandoforyou.Andwhatyouneedisabiggerdesk.W:Butmyofficedoesn’thaveenoughroomforabigone.M:OK.Well,I’llgetMissGreentohelpyouwiththeseletterssothatyoucancleanuptheroombeforemymeeting.W:Oh,no,thanks,Mr.Smith.Icandoitmyself.Don’tbother.听第10段材料，回答18-20小题。18．Whichwordmaybestdescribethewoman?A．Encouraging. B．Dishonest. C．Interesting.19．Whatdoesthemanworryabout?A．Howtospeaktoawomanbravely.B．Howtodeveloparealinterest.C．Howtobalancehisstudyandwork.20．Whydoesthemanwanttogobacktoschool?A．Hehastoolooseaschedule.B．Helovesthefeelingwithstudents.C．Hewantstodecidehisfuturedevelopment.【答案】18．A19．C20．C【原文】W:I’mfeelingreallyimpressedwithyourworkhere.M:Thankyou.Ireallylovetoworkasastudentdoctorhere.Ihaveaquestionforyou.ButI’malittlenervoustoaskyou.W:Iwanttofeelitcomfortabletobeopenandhonesthere.Soaskanyway.M:Soeveryonewhoworksherekindofhassomethingtheylovetodo,somethingtheyarereallygoodat.Forexample,Andy,helovesmovies.AndCathy,shehashermusic.Shejustlovesherworksomuch.Andyouhaveyourbusiness,whichissocool.W:Soyoudon’thaveonethingyoulove?M:Well,IthinkIknowwhatitis.W:Tellme,that’sgreat.M:Iwanttogobacktoschool.Ilovelearning.W:That’sawonderfulidea.M:ButIstillwanttobeastudentdoctorhere.IsthatOK?W:Ofcourse.Wecanmakeitwork.M:That’ssucharelief.Iwasstillsoscaredtoaskyou.W:It’snotreallyabigdeal.Wecanworkoutaschedule.Sowhatareyougoingtostudy?M:I’minterestedinsomanydifferentthings.IthinkstudyingbackatschoolwillhelpmedecidewhichdirectionIwanttogo.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATopExhibitionstoSeeinLondonin2023Architectural:VanishingPointsWhileweliketothinkofarchitectureexistingpurelyintherealworld,emergingdesignersandarchitectsareusingplatformslikeInstagramtocreatestructuresinthevirtualworld.Thiscollectionofworks,whichrangefromthepracticaltothefantastical,areallbyarchitectswhohavegatheredsignificantsocialmediafollowings.IntheDigitalUniverseatROCALondon.8February—31July,free.Flowery:OrchidsThisannualfestivalisbackinbloom(开花),thistimeinspiredbythebeautyandbiodiversityofCameroon.Justlikepreviousyears,theorchidsarespreadthroughoutthevariouszonesofthePrincessofWalesconservatoryandaccompaniedbysculpturesthatarejustascolourfulastheflowersondisplay.AtKewGardens.4February—5March,&16.50—entrancetothegardensincluded.FemaleAbstraction:Action,Gesture,PaintArthistoryhasoftenshonealightonthemenofAbstractExpressionism,suchasJacksonPollockandMarkRothko.Well,now’sthetimetoletthemostimportantwomenofthemovementtakethelimelightinanexhibitionthatincludesworksbyAmericanartistssuchasLeeKrasnerandHelenFrankenthaler,butspreadsthenetwidertoincludethefemaleabstractartistsfromEurope,Asiaandthewiderworld,withwhommostofuswillbeunfamiliar.AtWhitechapelGallery.9February—7May,£16.50—concessionsavailable.PowerfulPortraits(肖像):AliceNeelThelargestUKexhibitiontodateofAmericanpainterAliceNeel’sworkwillbringtogetherherfigurativepiecesfromacrossher60-yearcareer.Neelwentagainstthepopulargrainbypaintingfigureswhenabstractworksweremostpopular,andshepaintedsubjectsthatotherartistsignored—pregnantwomen,labourleaders,blackchildren,civilrightsactivistsandstrangeperformers.It’shightimewehadamajorshowofherworkinLondon,andtheBarbicanhasdulyprovided.AtBarbicanArtGallery.16February—21May,&18.21．Whichofthefollowingexhibitionsisheldonceayear?A．Flowery:Orchids.B．PowerfulPortraits:AliceNeel.C．Architectural:VanishingPoints.D．FemaleAbstraction:Action,Gesture,Paint.22．WhencanvisitorsappreciateLeeKrasner’sworks?A．OnFebruary8. B．OnJanuary7. C．OnApril7. D．OnMay8.23．WhatcanwelearnabouttheartistAliceNeel?A．Sheis60yearsoldnow.B．Herworksdidn’tfollowthetrend.C．Sheoftenignoredsomecommonsubjects.D．SheisthemostpopularAmericanpainterintheUK.【答案】21．A22．C23．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了2023年伦敦最值得一看的展览。21．细节理解题。根据第二个小标题部分“Thisannualfestivalisbackinbloom(开花),thistimeinspiredbythebeautyandbiodiversityofCameroon.(这个一年一度的节日又重新开花了，这次的灵感来自喀麦隆的美丽和生物多样性)”可知，Flowery:Orchids是一年一次的。故选A。22．细节理解题。根据第三个小标题部分“Well,now’sthetimetoletthemostimportantwomenofthemovementtakethelimelightinanexhibitionthatincludesworksbyAmericanartistssuchasLeeKrasnerandHelenFrankenthaler,butspreadsthenetwidertoincludethefemaleabstractartistsfromEurope,Asiaandthewiderworld,withwhommostofuswillbeunfamiliar.(好吧，现在是时候让这个运动中最重要的女性在一个展览中成为人们关注的焦点了，这个展览包括了LeeKrasner和HelenFrankenthaler等美国艺术家的作品，但把网撒得更广，包括来自欧洲、亚洲和更广阔世界的女性抽象艺术家，我们大多数人都不熟悉她们)”和“9February—7May(2月9日至5月7日)”可知，游客4月7日可以欣赏李·克拉斯纳的作品。故选C。23．细节理解题。根据最后一个小标题部分“Neelwentagainstthepopulargrainbypaintingfigureswhenabstractworksweremostpopular,andshepaintedsubjectsthatotherartistsignored—pregnantwomen,labourleaders,blackchildren,civilrightsactivistsandstrangeperformers.(在抽象作品最流行的时候，Neel却逆潮流而动，画人物，她画的对象是其他艺术家所忽视的——孕妇、劳工领袖、黑人儿童、民权活动家和奇怪的表演者)”可知，AliceNeel不追随潮流。故选B。BThere’sanotheruniversenotfarfromland.Itlacksbuildings,trees,cars,cellphonesandtheInternet.Seeminglylimitlesswaterextendsuninterruptedlyinalldirections.Civilizationgoesaway,alongwithanysignofhumanity.AnditiswhyI’mreallyintosailing.Igrewuparoundboats.Myfatherlikedsailingandbuiltthem.MyoldersisterandIwerestuffedintoacarnearlyeverysummerweekenduntilmylateteenstomakethetripfromnortheastIndianatothesouthshoreofLakeErieinOhio,whereTalismanbuiltbymyfatherwaitedpatientlythroughtheweek.Asakid,IreadtheadventuresofRobinLeeGraham,atravellerexploringtheseaalone,inthepagesofNationalGeographicand,later,inGraham'sbook,Dove.However,itwasn'tuntilabout20yearsago,wellintomyadulthood,thatItookupsailinginaseriousway.I'vemadevoyagesinfairstormyandweather,onmyownboatsandthoseofmyfriends,andrangingfromnearshoredaysailstoblue-waterpassages.Still,I'vemadeplentyofmistakes.WhilelivinginAsia,asailingfriendandIsetoffacrosstheSouthChinaSeaandintendedtogettoThailand,onlytobepushedbyalate-seasontyphoonthatforcedustomakelandfallinVietnam,gladtobealive.Yearslater,mywifeandIlivedaboardour37-footship,Symbiosis,whilewesavedenoughtotakeatwo-yearleavefromourjobstojourneydowntheU.S.AtlanticcoastandthroughtheBahamasandtheCaribbean.Wevisitedmanyplacesthatneverseeshipsorairplanesandthatarenearlyimpossibletoreachanywayotherthanatthehelm(舵柄)ofasmallboat.Butboatsareexpensiveandtime-consuming.AfterreturningfromtheCaribbeanafewyearsago,wedecidedtosellSymbiosis,resolvinginsteadtosailonly“otherpeople'sboats”.Itdidn'tlast,though.Afewmonthsago,wefoundagooddealonasmallersailboat—easiertomaintainbutstillcapableofsomeshortoffshorejourneys.Ithinkwe'llnameherTalisman.24．Whatwouldtheauthordoonsummerweekendsasakid?A．HewouldhelphisfatherbuildTalisman.B．Hewouldsailwithhisfatherandhissister.C．HewouldexplorenortheastIndianainacar.D．Hewouldbringhumancivilizationtosailing.25．WhatcanwelearnaboutthebookDove?A．Ithassomethingtodowithexploringthesea.B．ItwaspublishedinNationalGeographic.C．ItisthemostfamousworkbyGraham.D．Itwasaninspirationfortheauthor'swriting.26．WhydidtheauthorsellhisshipSymbiosis?A．Itdidn’tfunctionwell. B．Hecouldn’taffordtomaintainit.C．Hefoundabetteronetoreplaceit. D．Itwasdamagedseriouslyduringastorm.27．Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhispassionforsailingboats.B．Tostresstheinfluenceofadventuresonhim.C．Todiscusstheproblemsofsailingonthesea.D．Tosharehissuccessinexploringtheworld.【答案】24．B25．A26．B27．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己对航海的热爱。24．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Myfatherlikedsailingandbuiltthem.MyoldersisterandIwerestuffedintoacarnearlyeverysummerweekenduntilmylateteenstomakethetripfromnortheastIndianatothesouthshoreofLakeErieinOhio…throughtheweek(我父亲喜欢帆船，于是造了它们。几乎每个夏天的周末，我和妹妹都被塞进一辆车里，从印第安纳州东北部前往俄亥俄州的伊利湖南岸，父亲制造的Talisman在那里耐心地等待了整整一个星期。)”可知，作者小时候会在夏天的周末与父亲和妹妹一起航海。故选B。25．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Asakid,IreadtheadventuresofRobinLeeGraham,atravellerexploringtheseaalone,inthepagesofNationalGeographicand,later,inGraham'sbook,Dove.(小时候，我读过《国家地理》杂志上的罗宾·李·格雷厄姆的冒险故事，他是一位独自探索海洋的旅行者，后来又读过格雷厄姆的书《鸽子》。)”可推断，这本书与海上探索有关。故选A。26．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Butboatsareexpensiveandtime-consuming.AfterreturningfromtheCaribbeanafewyearsago,wedecidedtosellSymbiosis,resolvinginsteadtosailonly‘otherpeople’sboats’.(但船既昂贵又费时。几年前从加勒比海回来后，我们决定卖掉Symbiosis，决定只驾驶“别人的船”。)”可知，Symbiosis是昂贵的，也是耗时的。由此可知，作者付不起保养的钱。故选B。27．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AnditiswhyI’mreallyintosailing.(这就是我喜欢航海的原因。)”和下文的描述可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是通过记叙自己的过往，展现出对航海的激情。故选A。CThisfall,studentsattheUniversityofMassachusettsfoundanewmenuattheirdiningcommons:the“dietforacoolerplanet”menu.Thismeantherb-roastedlamb,raisedwithacarbon-friendlyapproach.Itincludedsweetpotatoesthathadbeenpickedfromalocalfarm’sfieldpost-harvest.Theoptionswereplant-heavy,locallygrown,andinvolvedlittletonopackaging.“Wewantedtoletstudentsparticipateinclimateactionbymakingchoicesabouttheirfood,”saysKathyWicks,sustainabilitydirectorforUMassDining.Theuniversityisnotaloneinthiseffort.Increasingly,Americanconsumersandinstitutionsarethinkingabouthowtheirfoodchoicesfactorintoclimatechange.Formany,smallchoicesatthegrocerystore,dininghall,andrestaurantcanfeelmoreaccessiblethanbig-ticketoptionslikebuyingafuel-efficientcarorinstallinghomesolarpanels.Smallchangesindietaryhabitsmaymakeabigdifference.Climateactivistsoftentargetfossilfuelsandtransportationsystems,butstudiespointtothefoodsystemasasignificantcontributortoglobalwarming.AccordingtoProjectDrawdown,aresearchorganizationthatevaluatesclimatesolutions,thewayfoodisgrown,transported,andconsumedaccountsforaboutaquarteroftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissions.Beefisaregulartarget.“If,onaverage,Americanscutaquarterpoundofbeefperweekfromtheirdiet,it’sliketaking10millioncarsofftheroadayear,”saysSujathaBergen,directorofhealthcampaignsfortheNaturalResourcesDefenseCouncil.Foodwasteranksthirdamongclimatesolutions.Whilemuchwasteoccursbeforeconsumersareinvolved—foodleftonthefieldor“chucked”becauseitdoesnotfitappearancestandards,Americansalsothrowoutalotoffoodtheyhavepurchased:about$1,600worthayearperfamilyoffour.“Peoplearebeginningtounderstandthattheirfoodchoicesmakeabigimpactonclimate,”saysMeganLarmer,directorofregionalfoodattheGlynwoodCenterforRegionalFoodandFarminginNewYork.But,shecautionssubstantialchangewillneedtocomefromthewholefoodsystem.28．WhatisthepurposeofthenewmenuattheUniversityofMassachusetts?A．Tomarketthecolddishes. B．Toreducethecostofpackaging.C．Topopularizetheplant-heavydiet. D．Topromotelowcarbonawareness.29．WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A．Foodisadecisivefactorforclimatechange.B．Foodchoicesmattermuchtoglobalwarming.C．Universitiesareworkingtogetherinclimateaction.D．Fuel-efficientcarsarenotaffordableforconsumers.30．WhatdoesSujathaBergensayaboutbeef?A．Ithasgreatinfluenceoncarbonreduction. B．Itispopularamongmillionsofcardrivers.C．Ithasacloserelationshipwithgasemission. D．ItplaysasignificantroleinAmerican’sdiet.31．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．FoodSystemReform:ASuccessfulTrial B．GlobalWarming:AnApproachingDangerC．CarbonEmission:AKiller,orHealer? D．LowCarbonDiet:ACraze,orMore?【答案】28．D29．B30．A31．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。28．推理判断题。根据第一段“Thisfall,studentsattheUniversityofMassachusettsfoundanewmenuattheircanteens:the‘dietforacoolerplanet’menu.Thismeantherb-roastedlamb,raisedwithacarbon-friendlyapproach.Itincludedsweetpotatoesthathadbeenpickedfromalocalfarm’sfield.Theoptionswereplant-heavy,locallygrown,andinvolvedlittleornopackaging.(今年秋天，马萨诸塞大学的学生们在食堂里发现了一份新菜单：“更凉爽星球的饮食”菜单。这意味着香草烤以低碳方式饲养的羊肉。其中包括从当地农场采摘的红薯。这些选择以植物为主，在当地种植，很少或没有包装)”和第二段中“‘Wewantedtoletstudentsparticipateinclimateactionbymakingchoicesabouttheirfood,’saysKathyWicks,sustainabilitydirectorforUMassDining.(“我们想让学生通过选择食物来参与气候行动,”马萨诸塞大学餐饮部可持续发展主管凯西•威克斯表示)”可推知，马萨诸塞大学推出新菜单的目的是让学生参与气候行动，提高学生的低碳生活意识。故选D。29．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Increasingly,Americanconsumersandinstitutionsarethinkingabouthowtheirfoodchoicesfactorintoclimatechange.Formany,smallchoicesatthegrocerystore,dininghall,andrestaurantcanfeelmoreaccessiblethanbig-ticketoptionslikebuyingafuel-efficientcarorinstallinghomesolarpanels.(越来越多的美国消费者和机构开始考虑他们的食物选择如何影响气候变化。对许多人来说，在杂货店、食堂和餐馆做一些小选择，比购买节能型汽车或安装家用太阳能电池板等大手笔的选择更容易实现)”可知，食物选择影响气候变化，比起节能汽车等昂贵的物品来说，食物选择是人们更容易做到的，由此可推知，食物选择对全球变暖意义重大。故选B。30．推理判断题。根据第三段中SujathaBergen说的话“If,onaverage,Americanscut1/4poundofbeefperweekfromtheirdiet,it’sliketaking10millioncarsofftheroadayear(如果美国人平均每周从饮食中减少1/4磅牛肉，那就相当于每年减少1000万辆汽车)”可推知，SujathaBergen认为牛肉对减少碳排放量有很大的影响。故选A。31．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中“Smallchangesineatinghabitsmaymakeabigdifference.Studiespointtothefoodsystemasasignificantcauseofglobalwarming.(饮食习惯的微小改变可能会带来很大的不同。研究指出，食物系统是全球变暖的一个重要原因)”和最后一段中“Peoplearebeginningtounderstandthattheirfoodchoiceshaveabigimpactonclimate(人们开始明白，他们的食物选择对气候有很大的影响)”可推知，文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。D项“低碳饮食：是一种狂热，还是有更多意义？”适合做文章标题，故选D。DThenumberoffishcaughtjustoutsidearecentlyexpandedmarine(海洋)protectedareainHawaiihasrisen.Itisasignthatquadrupling(四倍)thesizeofthereservein2016mayhaveshoredfishpopulationsintheregion.WhentheMarineNationalMonumentaroundHawaiiwasenlargedto1,510,000squarekilometers,marineconservationistsaroundtheworldrejoiced.Fishersmayhavefeltdifferently,however,asfishinginsidetheareaisnotallowed.Yetbycreatingaspacefordwindlingtunapopulationstorecover,supportersargued,thereservewouldbenefitfisheriesaswell.Aspopulationsinsidethereserveboundariessteadilyincreased,theypredicted,thefishwouldspill(溢出)overintothesurroundingareas,increasingtheamountoftunaavailabletocatch.Provingthatistricky,however,astunacan’tbecounteddirectly.Theirnumbersmayriseorfallforavarietyofreasonsotherthantheexpansionofareserve.Butthenewstudy,publishedinSciencethisweek,stronglysuggeststhenumberoffishcaughtjustoutsidetheMPAishighernowthanitusedtobe.AlanFriedlander,chiefscientistfortheNationalGeographicSociety’sPristineSeasproject,callsthestudya“verycarefulandstricttestofspilloverfrommarineprotectedareas.”Importantly,saysJohnLynham,anenvironmentaleconomistattheUniversityofHawaiiandoneofthestudy’sauthors,theincreaseintunacatchesnearthereserveheldupevenwhenlookingattheaveragenumberscaughtbyparticularfishers.Thisshowstheeffectisnotduetomoreeffectivecrewsnowfishinglocalwaters,heexplains.Toaccountforeffort,catchnumbersweredividedbytheever-increasingnumberoffishinghooksinthearea.Lynhamandcolleaguesfoundthecatchperhookincreasedoverthe10yearsofthestudy.Fisherswerecatchingonaveragesixmoreyellowfinandfivemorebigeyetunaperyearaftertheexpansionthanbefore.“Thatlastone,especially,wasasurprise,”saysLynham,“becauseitiseconomicallymuchmoreimportant,andtherewerefewerindicationsofanincrease.”32．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Therisingnumberoffishcaughtisasignofawell-reservedarea.B．Enlargethesizeofreservemaycontributetotheincreasingoffishpopulation.C．Thenumberoffishcaughthasrisentoquadrupling(四倍)thesizeofthatin2016.D．Fishcatchingoutsidethereservedoesgoodtotheexpandedmarineprotectedarea.33．Howdidfishersfeelwhenthereserveannouncedexpanded?A．Theyfeltjoyful. B．Theyfeltdifferent. C．Theyfeltunpleasant. D．Theyfeltexcited.34．Howdotheresearchersprovethetunapopulationhasincreased?A．Byfiguringtheaveragecatchperhookinthearea.B．Bysummingupthecatchofmareeffectivecrews.C．Bylookingatthenumberscaughtbyparticularfishers.D．Bydetectingthenumberoftunapopulationinthesurroundingarea.35．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Tunapopulationembracesaboost B．MarineProtectedAreasHelpFisheriesC．Localfisheriesholdapromisingfuture D．Tunapopulationcanbecountedscientifically【答案】32．B33．C34．A35．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着夏威夷海洋保护区的扩大，区域外捕获的鱼类数量有所增加，以及扩大保护区所带来的好处。32．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thenumberoffishcaughtjustoutsidearecentlyexpandedmarine(海洋)protectedareainHawaiihasrisen.Itisasignthatquadrupling(四倍)thesizeofthereservein2016mayhaveshoredfishpopulationsintheregion.(最近在夏威夷扩大的海洋保护区外捕获的鱼类数量有所增加。这表明，2016年保护区的规模翻了两番，可能已经增加了该地区的鱼类数量)”可知，第一段主要是关于扩大保护区的规模可能有助于鱼类种群的增加。故选B。33．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“WhentheMarineNationalMonumentaroundHawaiiwasenlargedto1,510,000squarekilometers,marineconservationistsaroundtheworldrejoiced(当夏威夷附近的海洋国家纪念碑扩大到151万平方公里时，全世界的海洋保护主义者都欢欣鼓舞)”及第三段中的“Fishersmayhavefeltdifferently,however,asfishinginsidetheareaisnotallowed.(然而，渔民们可能会有不同的感受，因为在该地区捕鱼是不允许的)”可知，渔民对于保护区的扩张并不觉得开心，因为保护区内无法捕捞。故选C。34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Lynhamandcolleaguesfoundthecatchperhookincreasedoverthe10yearsofthestudy.Fisherswerecatchingonaveragesixmoreyellowfinandfivemorebigeyetunaperyearaftertheexpansionthanbefore.(林纳姆和同事们发现，在10年的研究中，每个鱼钩的渔获量有所增加。在扩张之后，渔民平均每年多捕获6条黄鳍金枪鱼和5条大眼金枪鱼)”可知，研究人员是通过每个鱼钩上的增加的渔获量来判断金枪鱼的数量是增长的。故选A。35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thenumberoffishcaughtjustoutsidearecentlyexpandedmarine(海洋)protectedareainHawaiihasrisen.Itisasignthatquadrupling(四倍)thesizeofthereservein2016mayhaveshoredfishpopulationsintheregion.(最近在夏威夷扩大的海洋保护区外捕获的鱼类数量有所增加。这表明，2016年保护区的规模翻了两番，可能已经增加了该地区的鱼类数量)”及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍了海洋保护区的扩大会使得周边区域的渔获量增长。由此可知，B项“MarineProtectedAreasHelpFisheries.(海洋保护区有助于渔业)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Afamoushealthtipsaysyou'dbetterdrinkeightglassesofwater(abouttwoliters)aday.____36____.AninternationalgroupledbyscientistsattheShenzhenInstituteofAdvancedTechnologyinChinafoundthattheaveragedailywaterintakeofamaninhis20sshouldbe1.5to1.8liters,____37____.ThestudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalSciencedescribed,forthefirsttime,asetofequations(方程式)topredicthumanwaterturnover(周转率),anindicatorreflectingtheamountofwaterusedbythebodyeachday.Theresearchersinvestigated5,604participantsfromtheagesof8daysto96years,andfrommorethan20countries,usingspecialtrackingmethods.Theyhavefoundthatamanaged20to35consumes4.2litersofwatereachday,butawomanaged30to60consumes3.3liters,____38____.Sincethemetabolism(新陈代谢)andwaterexchangeonskincanprovide15percent,whilefoodanddrinkingrespectivelycontributinghalfoftheremaining85percent,·____39____,accordingtotheresearchers."Themajorityofpeopleperhapsdon'thavetodrinkeightglassesofwateraday,"saysZhangXueying,co-firstauthorofthepaperandanassistantresearchfellowattheSIAT.____40____,includingbodysize,physicalactivity,airtemperature,humidityandaltitude,accordingtothestudy."itcanbeappliedtoindividualsaroundtheworld,"saysZhang.peopleareencouragedtodrinklessthan45percentofthetotaldailyturnover,B.asthewaterrequirementsdropwithheorshebecomingolder.C.However,theresultsofanewstudysuggestthatfewerareneeded.peoplelivingindevelopedcountrieshavehigherwaterturnover.whileitshouldbe1.3to1.4litersforafemaleinthesameagegroup.ThetotalwaterinputandoutputvaryaccordingtomultiplefactorsButwhydoweneedsomuchwater?【答案】36．C37．E38．B39．A40．F【导语】本文主要介绍了一项新的研究结果，表明人体所需要的水的数量少于八杯水（两升））。36.上一句“Afamoushealthtipsaysyou'dbetterdrinkeightglassesofwater(abouttwoliters)aday.”（一个著名的健康提示说你最好每天喝八杯水（大约两升）。）但下一段“AninternationalgroupledbyscientistsattheShenzhenInstituteofAdvancedT