全新版大学进阶英语BookUnitTheWaterProblemWhatstheworldtodoaboutwater专题培训课件

全新版大学进阶英语Book1Unit5TheWaterProblemWhat27stheworldtodoaboutwaterHumanity’sTop10ProblemsWhatwillbethetop10problemsofhumanityforthenext50years?

2023/5/252Humanity’sTop10ProblemsEnergyWater2023/5/253Humanity’sTop10ProblemsFoodEnvironment2023/5/254Humanity’sTop10ProblemsPovertyTerrorismandWar2023/5/255Humanity’sTop10ProblemsDiseaseEducation2023/5/256Humanity’sTop10ProblemsDemocracyPopulation2023/5/257Humanity’sTop10ProblemsEnergyWaterFoodEnvironmentPovertyTerrorism&warDiseaseEducationDemocracyPopulationRichardSmalley(1943-2005)2023/5/258Humanity’sTop10ProblemsRichardSmalley(1943-2005)ProfessorofChemistryandaProfessorofPhysicsandAstronomyatRiceUniversity,inHouston,Texas;In1996,AwardedtheNobelPrizeinChemistryforthediscoveryofanewformofcarbon,buckminsterfullerene,alsoknownasbuckyballs;Anadvocateofnanotechnologyanditsapplications;UponSmalley'sdeath,theUSSenatepassedaresolutiontohonorSmalley,creditinghimasthe"FatherofNanotechnology."2023/5/259添加页脚Humanity’sTop10ProblemsEnergyWaterFoodEnvironmentPovertyTerrorism&warDiseaseEducationDemocracyPopulationRichardSmalley(1943-2005)2023/5/2510添加页脚OpenerWatchthevideocliptwiceandcompletethefollowingsentencesaccordingtowhatyouhaveheard.2023/5/2511添加页脚Openerthecomingglobalwatercrisis/waterproblemhumanuse;agriculturetheearth;freshwater2023/5/2512添加页脚OpenerToday,accordingtoUNICEF,atleast2.6billionpeoplelackadequatesanitation,while1.1billionpeoplelivewithoutcleandrinkingwaterperiod.Wateristhekeycomponentinallofourdailylivesnomatterwherewelive,notonlyforhumanuse,butforenergy,industry,agriculture,andlivestock.Nowifyoulookattheearth,you’llnoticethatover75%ofourblueplanetiswater.Theproblemisonly3%ofthatwaterisfreshwater.2023/5/2513添加页脚Man-madeWaterPollutionIndustrialwastewaterDailylifesewagePesticideandfertilizerpollution2023/5/2514添加页脚WaterProtectionAretheregoodwaystoprotectwater?Forgovernment:Toestablishtheurbansewagetreatmentsystem.Torestructuretheindustries.Tostrengthentheplanningandmanagementofwaterresources.Tocontroltheagriculturalpollution.Forbusiness:Toreducewaterconsumption.Tobuyequipmentofsewagetreatment.Donotdischargesewageintowater.Toestablishthewaterrecyclingsystem.2023/5/2515添加页脚WaterProtectionAretheregoodwaystoprotectwater?Forindividuals:Don’tusecleanerswhichcausepollution.Donotthrowgarbageintoriverorsea.Tellthepeoplearoundtoprotectwater.2023/5/2516添加页脚WaterSavingDoyouhavegoodwaystosavewater?Turnoffthewatertapwhenyouleave.Washclothesmanuallyinsteadofusingwashingmachines.Collecttherainingwaterwhenraining.Donotplaywaterforfun.Choosetheequipmentlabeled“watersaving”.Reducethetimeshavingabath.2023/5/2517添加页脚What’s

the

World

to

Do

about

Water?Reading&InteractingFormsofLiteratureArgumentativewritingNarrativewritingExpositorywriting2023/5/2519添加页脚TextOrganizationParas.1-2Paras.3-7Paras.8-9Paras.10IntroductionBody

Conclusion

2023/5/2520添加页脚DetailedReading(PartI)Howdoestheauthorraisethewaterproblematthebeginningofthearticle?Whydoeshedoitinthisway?Tointroducethewaterproblem,theauthortellsusaboutwhathappenedonenightwhenheandhis7-year-olddaughterwere___________________________.Insodoingtheauthortriestointroducethereadertoa__________topicina__________manner.Besides,italsoremindsusofthefactthateveryonecanplayarole,eveninourdailylife,in_______________.brushingteethtogetherseriouscasualsavingwater2023/5/2521添加页脚In2007,whenmydaughterwassevenyearsold,wewouldbrushourteethtogethereverynightaspartofourdailyritual.Toconservewater,wewouldturnoffthefaucetafterwettingourbrushesandturnitbackononlytorinse.Onenight,Ididn’tturnoffthewaterfastenoughtoherliking.Sheturnedoffthefaucet,madeanangryfaceatme,andgrowled,“Turnoffthewater,Daddy.Thescientistsneedtime.”conserve:v.usewithoutwasting;protectfromlossordestruction节约使用；保护e.g.Toconserveenergy,mostfamiliesinthisapartmentbuildingdonotturnontheair-conditionersexceptinextremeweather.为了节约能源，这幢楼大多数人家若非高温一般不开空调。Para.1conservationn.e.g.Waterconservationtopsthelistofoururgenttasks.节水是我们工作的重中之重。toone’sliking:中意，称心e.g.“Wedoourbesttoensurethatthefoodweserveisalwaystoyourliking,”saidtheowneroftherestauranttous.“我们尽力提供你们满意的菜肴，”饭店老板对我们说。Para.1UnderstandingtheTextSOnenight,Ididn’tturnoffthewaterfastenoughtoherliking.(Para.1)

|Onenight,shewasn'tpleasedwiththewayIturnedoffthewater,becauseshethoughtIdidn’tdoitfastenough.Onenight,Ididn’tturnoffthewaterasfastasshedid;itseemedthatshelikeddoingitherself.一天晚上，女儿认为我关龙头动作不够快，不乐意了。Para.1Thatstatementstillringsinmyearstoday,notonlybecauseofherprecociousnessbutalsobecauseshewasexactlyright.Weneedtoconserveourresourcestobuyourselvestimesoscientistscanfindnewsolutionstoourproblems.Andthisisespeciallytrueforwater.ringinone’sears:makeonefeelthatonecanstillhearsth.犹言在耳e.g.Shewenttobedwiththesongstillringinginherears.她上床睡觉，歌声仍萦绕在耳。resource:n.(usu.pl.)资源e.g.Landresourcesinthissmallislandcountryareextremelyscarce.这个弹丸岛国的土地资源极为稀少。Para.2Source:theplacewhereastreamorriverstartsaperson,place,thingoractivityfromwhichonegetssth.e.g.Over40percentofBritishadultsusetelevisionastheirmajorsourceofinformationaboutthearts.40%以上的英国成年人把电视当作获取艺术文化信息的主要途径。Resource:(usu.pl.)sth.thatcanbeusedforsupportorhelpsth.thatexistsinacountryandcanbeusedtoincreaseitswealthe.g.Somefamiliesdon'thavetheresourcestofeedthemselvesproperly.有些家庭无力维持生活。Para.2源头来源财力，物力资源UnderstandingtheTextSWeneedtoconserveourresourcestobuyourselvestimesoscientistscanfindnewsolutionstoourproblems.(Para.2)2Weshouldconserveourresources.Ifwedosothemoneywesavewillbeusedtofindnewsolutionstoourproblems.Weshouldconserveourresources.Ifwedosotheresourceswillprobablylastlongenoughforscientiststofindnewsolutionstoourproblems.我们必须节约资源，争取时间，使科学家来得及找到解决问题的新方法。Para.2Paras.1-2Weneedto__________wateraggressivelysothatscientistscanhavetimetofind________.Part1conservesolutions2023/5/2528添加页脚Waterisontracktobethemostimportantandmostcontentiousresourceofthe21stcentury.Itcouldreplaceoilasthestrategicresourcethattriggersgeopoliticalconflicts.Butwiththerightsolutions,itcouldalsobetheonethatbringsusalltogether.ontrack:likelytoachievetheresultyouwant步入……轨道；有望e.g.Pleasegetthediscussionontrack.Timeislimited.请不要岔开话题。时间有限。Theboyisontracktobecomeachessmaster.这孩子有望成为象棋大师。Para.3replace:v.beusedinsteadofsth./sb.else,putsb./sth.newintheplaceorpositionofsb./sth.取代e.g.Willcomputersevercompletelyreplacebooks?电脑会不会完全取代书本？AnAmericancollegegraduatehasbeenhiredtoreplaceourpreviousEnglishteacher.他们请了个美国大学毕业生取代我们原来的英文老师。strategic:a.战略的，战略上的e.g.ThecityofZhangjiakouislocatedatastrategicposition.张家口市地处战略要冲。Thebridgehasgreatstrategicvalue.这座桥具有重要的战略价值。Para.3conflict:n.afight,battleorstruggle,astateofoppositionbetweenideas,interests,etc.冲突，矛盾e.g.Thereisalonghistoryofconflictsoverwaterresourcesbetweenthetwocountries.两国长期存在水资源冲突。Para.3DetailedReading(Para.3)Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayingthatwaterwillmostprobablybecomethemostcontentiousresourceofthe21stcentury?Hemeansthatwaterismostlikelytobecomea______________resourcelikeoilthatcould_________________________________.strategictriggergeopoliticalconflict2023/5/2532添加页脚DetailedReading(PartⅡ)Howdoestheauthortrytoprovethatwaterisonthetopofthelistoftheworldproblemstoday?He________thelateNobelLaureateRichardSmalley’slistofhumanity’stop10problemsforthenext50years.cites2023/5/2533添加页脚In2003,thelateNobelLaureateRichardSmalleygavealectureatRiceUniversity’sEnergy&NanotechnologyConferencehighlightinghumanity’stop10problemsforthenext50years.Hislist,indescendingorderofimportance,was:energy,water,food,environment,poverty,terrorismandwar,disease,education,democracy,andpopulation.highlight:v.givespecialattentionto(sth.);emphasize使突出；强调e.g.Theteachersaid,“Writeaparagraphcenteringaroundatopicsentence,andhighlightyourtopicsentenceinyellow.”老师说：“段落围绕中心句展开，中心句用黄色标出。”environment:n.环境e.g.Howcanwecreateaworkplaceenvironmentthatencouragesinnovation?如何营造鼓励创新的工作环境？Para.4UnderstandingtheTextSHislist,indescendingorderofimportance,was:energy,water,food,environment,poverty,terrorismandwar,disease,education,democracy,andpopulation.(Para.4)3Hislistcontainstenitems:energy,water,food,environment,poverty,terrorismandwar,disease,education,democracy,andpopulation.Theyarearrangedinsuchawaythateachitemismoreimportantthantheonethatfollowsit.Thetenitemsonhislist—energy,water,food,environment,poverty,terrorismandwar,disease,education,democracy,andpopulation—aregraduallylosingimportancenow.他列出的问题清单，按重要性排序，依次是：能源、水、食品、环境、贫困、恐怖主义和战争、疾病、教育、民主，以及人口。Para.4Thereasonenergyandwatersitatthetop,aheadoffoodandpoverty,isthataddressingthemmakessubsequentproblemseasiertodealwith.Developingabundantsourcesofclean,reliable,affordableenergyenablesanabundanceofcleanwater.Anabundanceofcleanwaterenablesfoodproductionandprotectstheenvironment.Andsoforth.subsequent:a.happeningaftersth.else随后的，后来的e.g.Thehousewasbuiltin1980,andhasbeenexpandedseveraltimesinsubsequentyears.这幢房建于1980年，之后数次扩建。Insubsequentinterviewsthecandidatedeniedwhathehadsaidthatnight.那位候选人在嗣后的采访中否认了当晚所说的话。Para.5abundant:a.大量的，充裕的e.g.Theprojectaimsatprovidingabundantenergyinpower-starvedareasoftheworld.该项目旨在为世界上能源不足的地区提供充足的能源。source:n.来源；源头（指河流的源头，或资金、信息等的来源，不同于“resource”，后者常指体现国家、组织或个人实力的资源）e.g.Exhibitionsareanimportantsourceofincomeformanyartists.开展会是不少艺术家重要的收入来源。reliable:a.可靠的，可信赖的e.g.Dogs,iftreatedproperlyandtrainedwithfirmkindness,arefaithfulandreliable.只要你对它好，训练时态度坚决而友善，狗都能变得忠实可靠。enable:v.使成为可能；使能够e.g.Thecellphonewillenableyoutocallforhelpfromanywhere.手机可以让你在任何地方呼求帮助。Para.5UnderstandingtheTextSThereasonenergyandwatersitatthetop,aheadoffoodandpoverty,isthataddressingthemmakessubsequentproblemseasiertodealwith.(Para.5)4Energyandwaterarethetoptwoproblemsonthelist.Thereasonisthatifwestarttosolvetheseproblems,theotherproblemsthatfollowthemonthelist,suchasfoodandpoverty,willbeeasiertodealwith.Energyandwaterarelistedasthetwoproblemsmoreimportantthanfoodandpoverty.Thisisbecauseoncewestartworkingonthem,addressingfoodshortageandpovertywillbeeasierlateron.能源和水位居榜首，排在食品和贫困之前，其原因是解决前两个问题，后面的问题就比较容易解决了。Para.5DetailedReading(Para.5)Whatdoes“affordableenergy"mostprobablymean?Itmostprobablymeansenergyproducedata______cost.low2023/5/2539添加页脚DetailedReading(Paras.4-5)OnPro.Smalley’slistoftheproblemsforthefirsthalfofthiscentury,energyandwatersitatthetop.Whyisitso?Becausesolvingtheenergyandwaterproblemswillmaketheotherproblems________todealwith.Abundantenergyandwatersupplieswill_________foodproductionand_________theenvironment.Theywillalso________povertyanddisease,andsoforth.easierincreaseimprovereduce2023/5/2540添加页脚Inmanyways,the1900swasthecenturyofenergyconflict.Now,thedawnofanewenergyeraisjustaroundthecorner—withthepricesofsolarpowergoingdown,anddistributedgenerationandenergyefficiencyonthepointoftakingoff—andwecanforeseeatimethiscenturywhenwaterreplacesenergyasthenextgreatchallengeforhumanity.Gettingwaterrightcouldclearthepathtoafullyliberated,healthy,andpeacefulcivilization.aroundthecorner:notfaraway,comingverysoon不远；即将到来e.g.Thepetrolstationisaroundthecorner.加油站就在附近。Christmasisjustaroundthecorner.圣诞节即将来临。Para.6godown:下降e.g.Ifhousingpricescontinuetogodown,manysmallbankswillgobankrupt.如果房价持续走低，不少小银行就会破产。Shebelievesthatinterestrateswillgodowninthenextfewweeks.她认为在接下来的数周内利率会下降。distribute:v.分发；散布；分配e.g.Asfreshmen,theymustlearnquicklyhowtodistributetheirtimeamongtheseveralcoursestheytake.作为新生，他们必须很快学会不同的课程怎么分配时间。Theybelievethattodistributewealthproperlyisatleastasimportantastocreatewealth.他们认为财富的合理分配至少和创造财富同等重要。Para.6efficiency:n.效率e.g.Sheisalwaysseekingtoimprovetheefficiencyandeffectivenessofteaching.她一直琢磨着如何提高教学效率、改善教学效果。onthepointof:aboutto(dosth.)正要……e.g.Theresearchersbelievethattheyareonthepointofabreakthrough.那些研究者认为他们即将取得突破性进展。foresee:(foresaw,foreseen)v.thinkorknowsth.isgoingtohappeninthefuture预见；预知e.g.Didscientistsforeseetherevolutionincommunicationtechnology?当时科学家有没有预见到这一通讯科技的重大变革？Para.6Butwateriscomplicated.First,there’snoalternative.Therearealternativestocoalandpetroleum,butwatercannotbereplaced.Second,waterisintertwinedwitheveryothersectorofsociety.Energyproductionrequireswaterforcoolingpowerplantsandfracturingshale.Agricultureneedswaterforirrigation.Industryandcitiesusetrillionsofgallonsofwaterforallsortsofpurposes.Third,waterdemandsaregrowingatthesametimesuppliesarefluctuating.Climatechangeisexpectedtointensifydroughtsandfloodswhileshiftingwherewaterwillbeandwhen.Thatmeanshumanitywillbeconfrontedwithdecisionsaboutwhethertomovepeopletowaterorwatertopeople.Para.7complicated:a.复杂的e.g.Ourphysicsteacherisverygoodatexplainingcomplicatedconceptsinsimplelanguage.我们的物理老师善于深入浅出讲解复杂的概念。alternative:n.选择；供选择的东西e.g.Bikingisamoreenvironment-friendlyalternativetocardriving.相对于开车，骑自行车更为环保。intensify:v.increaseindegreeorstrength加剧，强化e.g.Thepoliceintensifiedtheirsearchfortheescapedprisoner.警方加强了对逃犯的搜捕。beconfrontedwith:meetface-to-facewith面对e.g.Whenconfrontedwiththewitnessesofthemurder,theaccusedwasspeechless.面对谋杀目击者，被告哑口无言。Para.7DetailedReading(Para.7)Whatdoestheauthormeanwhenhesays“waterisintertwinedwitheveryothersectorofsociety”?Hemeansthateveryothersectorofsociety_______water.Peopleneedwaterintheir________.Energyproductionrequireswaterfor_______powerplants._________needswaterforallsortsofpurposes.Agricultureneedswaterfor__________.needsdailylifecoolingIndustryirrigation

2023/5/2546添加页脚Paras.3-7Waterisgoingtobethemost__________andmost___________resourceofthe21stcentury.472023年5月25日添加页脚Part2importantcontentiousThankfully,therearesolutions.Somearelarge,incrediblyexpensive,andenergy-intensive,suchasbuildingcross-continentwater-transferaqueducts,newhydroelectricdams,andmassivedesalinationplants.Somearesmall,suchasusingmicrowaterharvestersthatcondensewatervaporoutoftheair.Allofthemtakeawhile.Para.8InApril1961,PresidentJohnF.Kennedysaid,“Ifwecouldevercompetitively—atacheaprate—getfreshwaterfromsaltwater,itwouldbeinthelong-rangeinterestofhumanityandwouldreallydwarfanyotherscientificaccomplishments.”Thatwasonemonthbeforehisfamousmoon-shotspeech.Beforethedecadewasover,wesentmantothemoonandback.Butwestillhaven’tfoundasolutionastohowtogetfreshwaterfromsaltwaterwithoutalotofmoneyandenergy.That’smainlybecauseourgreatinnovationapparatushasnotbeendedicatedtowater.Researchbudgetshaveprioritizedenergy,defense,andhealthwhilemostlyignoringwater,eventhoughfixingwaterwouldhelpourenergy,defense,andhealthproblems.IfwespentasmuchmoneylookingforwateronEarthaswedosearchingforitonMars,theoutcomesmightbeverydifferent.Para.9rate:n.价格，比率e.g.Thepostalratesvaryfromstatetostate.不同的国家邮资不同。intheinterestof:totheadvantageof对……有利，为了e.g.Intheinterestofthepublic,wedonotallowdumpingintotherivers.为了公众的利益，我们不能允许将垃圾倾倒入河。dwarf:v.使（显得）矮小；变矮小e.g.Atoversixfeetinheight,thetwelve-year-oldboydwarfshispeers.这个12岁的孩子身高超过6英尺，明显高于同龄孩子。budget:n.预算e.g.Isthereanymoneyleftinourmonthlybudget?我们每月预算里还有钱剩下吗？innovation:n.革新，创新e.g.Inaimingforinnovation,surroundyourselfwithpeoplethatthinkdifferentlyfromyou.要有所创新，就要和想法和你不同的人在一起。mostly:ad.主要地；通常；大部分e.g.Wehavesomecolddays.Butmostlyitiswarm.天气有时会挺冷，但基本上挺暖和。outcome:n.结果e.g.Itwasmidnightonelectionday.Manypeoplewerestillupwaitingfortheoutcome.选举日，午夜。许多人还没睡，在等待选举结果。TheKennedys

JohnF.Kennedy(1917-1963)BobbyKennedy(1925-1968)JohnF.Kennedy(1917-1963)

Youngestmanelectedpresident(1960)Equalrights—newcivilrightslegislationAssassinatedin1963OnNovember22,1963,whenhewashardlypasthisfirstthousanddaysinoffice,JohnF.Kennedywaskilledbyanassassin’sbulletsashismotorcade(汽车队)woundthroughDallas,Texas.KennedywastheyoungestmanelectedPresident;hewastheyoungesttodie.JohnF.Kennedy(1917-1963)

JohnFitzgeraldKennedywasthethirty-fifthpresidentoftheUS.InhisInauguralAddress(就职演说)hesaid:“Asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou—askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry.”AsPresident,hetookvigorousactioninthecauseofequalrights,callingfornewcivilrightslegislation.BobbyKennedy(1925-1968)AttorneyGeneralEnrollmentofaAfricanAmericanSlain(slay)in1968enforcedaFederalcourtorderadmittingthefirstAfricanAmericanstudent—JamesMeredith—totheUniversityofMississippi.Theriot(暴动)thathadfollowedMeredith’sregistration(注册)hadlefttwodeadandhundredsinjured.RobertKennedysawvotingasthekeyBobbyKennedy(1925-1968)BobbyKennedyorRobertF.Kennedy,wasthebrotherofPresidentJohnF.Kennedy.Hewasappointedattorneygeneral(司法部长)oftheUnitedStatesintheearly1960s.InSeptember1962,AttorneyGeneralKennedytoracial(种族的)justice(正义)andcollaborated(合作)withPresidentKennedywhenheproposedthemostfar-reachingcivilrightsstatutesinceReconstruction,TheCivilRightsActof1964,passedafterPresidentKenn