大学英语四级分类模拟题404

大学英四级分类模题404SectionMorehaveThis1inthelabormarket,whichhasincreasinglyrewardedpost-secondaryeducation.Atthesameadecreaselaborrequiredskillslearnedonthejoborintradeschools.Theshifttoamoreservice-orientedeconomymeansuniversitiesandcollegeshavetradeschoolsandapprenticeships.OntheonehandthatisgoodbecauseitmakestheAmericanlaborforcebettereducated.Theoretically,itshouldalsoincreasemeritocracy(英教育).Muchoftheincome.inAmericacanbeexplainedbytheearningdifferentialandgraduates.Asuniversity,But,demandandinnateability,probablyonlyafractionofthepopulationbenefit5fromdoingso.the6fromtitleisnowaprerequisite(要条件)tomiddle-classmembership.thanjustbeing7ofeducation,itisalsoanexpensiveandtime-consumingsignal.Thehighrateofentranceexaminationmasksagraveproblem.Droppingoutofuniversityisat8levels,especiallyamonglow-incomeAmericans.Startingbutnotfinishingadegreeinaconsiderablelossoftimeandmoney.Manyjustoftheyfindthemselvesunpreparedandfrustrated.Offeringmorepracticaldegreesa10solution.A.availableI.equaledB.consistsJ.proofC.converselyK.replacedD.decreaseL.resultsE.delicateM.shiftF.differenceN.suffersG.economicallyO.sufficientH.epidemicSectionBAGrassrootsRemedyMostspendseekingend,walkthedog,playfishing,inthegarden,outsideratherthaninsidethepub,haveapicnic,liveinthesuburbs,gototheseaside,aBritainis跑者)jog,profoundbeliefthatnotonlydoweallneednature,butweallseeknature,whetherweknowwearedoingsoornot.But(丧失).IspentmyboyhoodclimbingtreesonStreathamCommon,SouthLondon.Thesedays,childrenarerobbedoftheseancientfreedoms,duetoproblemslikecrime,traffic,thelossoftheopenspacesandoddnewperceptionsaboutwhatbestthatistothatcanratherthanthingsthatcanbefound.Thetruthistobefoundelsewhere.Astudy

inmovedbetterhousingthechildrenassessedforADHDdeficithyperactivitydisorder动症).Thosewhoseaccommodationhadmorenaturalviewsshowedanimprovementof19%;thosewhohadimprovementmaterialsurroundingsnoimprovedjust4%.Aindicatedthatkindergarteninnaturalhadillnessgreaterphysicalthanchildrenusedonlytoanormalplayground.AUSstudysuggestedthatwhenaschoolgavechildrenaccesstoanaturalenvironment,academiclevelsraisedacrosstheentireschool.Anotherstudyfoundthatchildrenplaydifferentlyinanaturalenvironment.Inplaygrounds,childrencreateahierarchy等级)onabilities,withtoughonesthelead.Butwhenagrassyareawasplantedwithbushes,thechildrengotmuchmorefantasysocialhierarchybasedimaginationandcreativity.D.Mostbullying强凌弱)isfoundinschoolswherethereisatarmac(柏油碎石)playground;theleastbullyingisinaareathatthechildrenaretoThismeinStreatham,withitsharshtarmac,whereIusedtohangaboutincornersfantasisingaboutwildlife.Butchildrenarefrequentlydiscouragedfrominvolvementwithspaces,forandsafetyforfearthattheyortheyisdonetothechildrenthemselves:nottotheirbodiesbuttotheirsouls.Oneproblemschildhoodnowincreasinglyandexpensivelytreatedwithdrugs.YetonestudyafteranotherindicatesthatcontactwithnaturegiveshugebenefitstoADHDchildren.However,wespendmoneyondrugsratherthanongreenplaces.Thelifeofoldpeopleismeasurablybetterwhentheyhaveaccesstonature.TheincreasingemphasisforthepopulationoldpeopleinqualityratherthanquantityAndaftermostimportantthinginfindingthatquality.Inmoredifficultoftheretoindicatethatnaturalsurroundingsimproveallkindsofthings.Evenproblemswithcrimeandaggressivebehaviourarereducedwhenthereiscontactwiththenaturalworld.DrWilliamBird,researcherfromtheRoyalSocietyfortheProtectionstudy,reduceviolentbehaviourbecauseitsrestorativeprocesshelpsreduceangerandimpulsiveWildthisnohowsmalltheircontribution.Wetendkindbeingsaregrantingtothenaturalworld.Theerrorhereisfartoodeep:Nothumansneedthemselves,butveryhumanityareaspeciesofmammals哺乳动物).sevenmillionlivedtheplanetaspartofnature.Ourancestralselvesmissthenaturalworldandlongforcontactwithnon-humanlife.Anyonewhohaspattedadog,strokedacat,satunderatreewithapintofbeer,givenorreceivedabunchofflowersorchosentowalkthroughtheparkonaniceday,understandsthat.Weneedthewildworld.Itisessentialtoourwell-being,ourhealth,ourhappiness.thewearebutlesscivilised.otherlivingthingsarounduswearelessthanhuman.H.Therewalkingyoucanbreaktherhythmofpermanentlybeingunderaroof.Getoffastopearlier,makeofatthetofromschool,dog,air,

Oryoucantakeamoment,everynowandthen,tositinanopenspace.Inthegarden,anywherethat'snotintheoffice,anywhereoutofthehouse,awayfromtheroutine.Situnderatree,lookatwater,andfeelrefreshed,eversoslightlyrenewed.Thebestwayenjoythenaturalbyyourself;secondwaycompany.Takedrinkgoodagoodgathering:talkwiththesunandthewindwithbirdsongforbackground.Expandyourboundaries.Learnfivespeciesofbird,fivebutterflies,fivetrees,fivebirdThatway,hearmore,respondstothegreateramountofwildnessinyourlife.Payavisittotheplacesyoualwayswantedtovisit:bytheseaside,inthecountry,inthehills.Takeaweekendbreak,aday-trip,getoutthereanddoit:forthescenery,forbirds,somewherespecialandbringspecialnesshome.Itlastsforever,afterall.11、Nowadayschildrenaredeprivedofthefreedomtogetclosetonature.12、Itisextremelythatandworldbeseparated.13、Childrenwhohavechancestoexplorenaturalareasarelesslikelytobeinvolvedinbullying.14、gooutsidewithagoodpersonalsoagoodwayenjoyingthenaturalworld.15、Elderlypeoplebenefitfromtheircontactwithnatureandenjoyalifeofbetterquality.16、DrWilliamsuggestshisaccessnaturecontributestothereductionofviolence.17、AstudyinSwedenshowsthatmoreaccesstonaturemakeschildrenlesslikelytofallill.18、Theauthorbelievesthatwewouldnotbesocivilisedwithoutthewildworld.19、Accordingtheauthor,peopleinstinctivelyseeknatureindifferentways.20、TheauthorsuggestsweprovidegreenchildrenADHD.SectionOneWatershortagesonplanetEarth?Itseemsimpossible.Imagesofourplanetfromouterspacevastoceans,lakesasbigassmallcountries,andwideriversflowingwithincrediblevolume.Howcantherenotbeenoughwater?ButthefactisthattheworldisfacingtheprospectofwatershortagescausedbyTheUnitedNationspredictsthatwatershortagescouldhindertheeconomicgrowthofsomecountriesandleadtofoodshortagesand,evenpossibly,tointernationalconflicts.Isthereenoughwaterforeveryoneintheworld?AccordingtotheU.N.CommissiononSustainableDevelopment,humanscurrentlyuseabouthalfofthe12,500cukm(立方千米ofwaterthatisreadilyavailablefromgroundwater,rivers,andlakes.Sobyasimplemeasureoflitersandgallons,thereisenoughwatertoquench)thethirstofeverycreatureandplant,everyfield,andeveryindustrynowexisting.remainsafixedresource."Givenanexpectedpopulationincreaseofabout50percentinthenext50years,coupledwithexpectedincreasesindemandasaresultofeconomicgrowthandlifestylechanges,thisdoes

notleavemuchroomforincreasedconsumption,"theU.N.commissionsaid.Aamountofwatersetasideenvironment.Humanscannot(水层)catastrophic(灾难性的)environmentaldamage.Theworld'spopulationhasbeengrowingenormously.TheU.N.estimatesthatwill9Thewatereachpersondecreasesasthepopulationgrows,raisingthepossibilityofwatershortages.shortageswillnotcomeallonceinoftheworld.aspopulationunevenlydistributedbyregion,supplyofrenewablewater.Rainfallandsnowfallaredeterminedbyunevenweatherpatternsandlandscape,andasaresult,sometheworldmore(降水量)thanThistoofwaterallovertheworld.21、What'stheofinthefirstparagraph?A.TodemonstratethegreatimpactofwatershortagesonEarth.B.ToshowtheseriousproblemofwatershortagesonEarth.C.ToexplainwhywatershortagesonEarthseemimpossible.D.TopresentthebeautyoftheEarthandourloveforit.22、Whatresultwillwatershortagesbringaccordingtothepassage?A.Itwillleadtopopulationgrowthandunevensuppliesofwater.B.Itwillmakethepresentvastoceansbecomedeserts.C.Itwillhaveseriousconsequencesforthewell-beingofhumans.ItwillimposeanintolerableeconomicburdenonalltheresidentsonEarth.23、happenhumansdraintheworld'slakes,andaquifers?A.Thethirstofexistingcreaturewillbequenched.B.Theenvironmentwillbedamagedseverely.C.Thespeciesdiversitywillnotbetotallymined.D.Humans'lifestyleswillbechanged.24、Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?Unevensuppliesofwaterarecausedunevendistributedpopulation.B.Watershortageswillbreakoutineverycountrysimultaneouslysomeday.C.Someareaswon'tsufferwatershortagesbecausetheyhavemorelakesandrivers.Theannualsupplyrenewabledeterminedweatherandlandscape.25、Whatdoestheauthorintendtoconveyinwritingthispassage?A.Watershortageshavehadseriouseffectsonsociety.B.Waterremainsfixedresourcebuttheneedforitcontinuesincreasing.Theworldhastodealwiththeproblemsarisingfromwatershortages.D.Theworldisfacingthedangerofwatershortages.PassageTwoForthemostpart,itseems,workersinrichcountrieshavelittletofearfromglobalization,lotgain.Butthethingforworkersinpoorcountries7Theansweristhattheyareevenmorelikelythantheirrich-countrycounterparts植物相当的人)tobenefit,becausetheyhavelesstoloseandmoretogain.Orthodox统的)economicsanoptimisticlineonintegrationandthedevelopingcountries.Opennesstoforeigntradeandinvestmentshouldencouragecapitalflowtoeconomies.thedevelopingcapital

isscarce,sothereturnsoninvestmentthereshouldbehigherthanthoseinbybeenIftheirbarrierstotradeandinvestment,richforeignerswillwanttosendoversomeoftheircapital.Ifthisinflowofresourcesarrivesintheformofloansorportfolioinvestment(组合投资),itwillsupplementdomesticsavingsandloosenthefinancialconstraintonadditionalinvestmentbylocalcompanies.Ifitarrivesintheformofnewforeign-controlledoperations,FDI,somuchthebetter:Thisfromalongwithlesstoinvestmenttopartlyraisingthelaborandpartlybymakinglabormoreproductive.inFDI-receivingpositiontoprofitfromintegrationthanworkersinFDI-sendingcountries.Also,withoutinflowsofcapital,thesamedynamicgainsfromtradeapplyasrichones.Thisgain-from-tradearousessuspicion,benefitstocomefromnowhere.Surelyonesideortheothermustlose.Notso.Thebenefitsthatarichcountrythroughtradecomeatexpenseofitscountrytradingpartners,viceversa.thattothetheory,tradeexportersandimporters,borrowersandlenders,shareholdersandworkerscangain.26、globalizationthanthoseinrichcountries?A.Theycangetmorechancestogainagoodjobduringtheprocessofglobalization.B.Theycangetmorefinancialaidduringtheprocessofglobalization.C.Theyhavenothingtoloseduringtheprocessofglobalization.D.Theyhavelesstoloseandmoretogainduringtheprocessofglobalization.27、What'stheattitudeofOrthodoxeconomicstowardsintegrationandthedevelopingcountries?Negative.28、Whatcanbetheultimateresultoftheinflowofresources?A.Itwillsupplementdomesticsavings.B.Itwillloosenthefinancialconstraint.C.Itwillpushuppeople'sincomes.D.Itwillintroduceadvancedtechnologyandskillsfromabroad.29、Whowillbenefitmorefromintegration?A.WorkersinFDI-receivingcountries.C.Workersinthedevelopedworld.B.WorkersinFDI-sendingcountries.D.Workersintheindustrializedcountries.30、Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Poorcountriesgetthemostprofitsduringtheprocessoftrade.B.Richcountriesgetprofitsfromtradeatpoorcountries'expense.C.Poorcountriesgetmoreprofitsfromtradethanrichones.D.Allaspectsinvolvedinthetransactionsoftradecangetprofits.答案:

Section1、[解析]本空应填名词。空前的提示，所填词只能是可数名词的单数形式，并且以辅音音素开头。故应从D项decrease，F项differenceJ项proof和M项shift中选择。再根据后面提到的劳动力市场方面的变化可知，所填词应是本段最后一句中hift的同义复现或原词复现，故答案为项shift。2、[解析]本空应填动词的过去分词。空格前的ave意为“有”时不符合此处语义，故推测所填词与have一起构成现在完成时，从项equaled和K项replaced中选择。结合第1最后两句可知，经济中待遇优厚的体力劳动者(那些所需技能可以从工作中或职业学校学得的人已有所减少，这就意味着大学或学院会取代职业学院或学徒制度，故答案为K项replaced。3、[解析]本空应填名词。根据空格所在句中的xplainedbvtheearning和后一句中的incomedifferences的提示可知，所填词应是ifferential或differences的原词复现或同义复现，故答案为F项ifference。4、[解析]本空应填形容词。空前已有系动becomes，且空前有副词，所以该空只能填形容词。空格所在句前一句提到，越来越多的人上大学，即大学教育的普及面越来越广，更容易获得，所以所填词应具有“获得；得到”的含义，故答案为项available。5、[解析]本空应填副词。分析句子结构可知，句子结构完整，所以应填一个副词修benefit，故从C项conversely和G项economically选择。前面一直在说教育水平与收入差距之间的关系，因此改变课程也应该和收入相关，故答案为项economically。6、[解析]本空应填动词。根据整篇文章的时态可知，空格处应填一个第三人称单数形式的动词，所填词还要能与from连用L项resultsN项suffers中选择根据二者与from用的意思可知，答案为N项suffers，句意为美国遭受着头衔泛滥之苦。from意为“起因于”，不能使文意通顺，故排除。7、[解析]本空应填名词、形容词或分词。所填词要能与f搭配。根据后句中also提示可知，所填词应和signal表示相同或相近的含义，故答案为项proof。8、[解析]本空应填形容词或名词所填词修饰levels根据空格所在句后半句中提到的“尤其是在低收入的美国人中”及后面提到的许多贫困的学生辍学”可知，大学中的辍学现象是很普遍的，故答案为H项epidemic。9、[解析]本空应填动词。所填词应能和in搭配使用且为第三人称单数，从B项consistsL项results中选择，consistin意为“存在于”result意为“导致；结果是”。再根据空格前提到开始攻读学位却未完成该学位空后提到浪费大量时间和金钱可知二者之间应该是因果关系故答案为L项results。10、[解析]本空应填形容词。空格所在句是导的让步状语从句，主句中说提供一些更实用的学位可以解决部分问题，由though知应填入与前句表示相对或相反的词才能使文意通顺，并且由空前的a可知所填形容词要以辅音音素开头，故答案为O项sufficient。SectionB

11、[解析]题目意为：当下的孩子们被剥夺与自然亲近的自由。根据题目中的线索词eprived，freedom和nature将本题出处定位至段。该段前半部分指出，现在的孩子们与自然的接触越来越少列举自己小时候的例子进行对比句中作者分析了孩子们被剥夺与自然亲近的自由的原因：犯罪、交通问题、空地减少以及受社会观念的影响。12、[解析]题目意为：那种认为人类和自然世界可以分离开来的想法是有害的。根据题目中的线索词humanityandthenaturalworldseparated将本题定位至G段。该段第句指出了人们认识上的一个误区们对于自然的保护并不是人类对于自然的恩赐是因为人类自身也要大自然，这种把人类与自然界割裂开来的观念是非常有害的。题目是对该句后半部分内容的同义转述。13、[解析]题目意为：那些有机会探索自然领域的孩子参与恃强凌弱事件的可能性会更少一些。根据题目中的线索词explore和bullying本题定位至D段。该段首句指出，大多数恃强凌弱的现象发生在有柏油碎石运动场的学校恃强凌弱这种现象在鼓励孩子去探索的自然环境中则很少发生。也就是说，那些有机会去探索自然环境的孩子恃强凌弱的可能性更小。题目是对heleastareathe的同义转述。14、[解析]题目意为：和好朋友一起出去也是一种享受大自然的好方式。由题干中的ithagoodperson和agoodwaytoenjoythenaturalworld本题定位至I段。本段前两句说，享受大自然最好的方式是一个人欣赏，其次是找个伴。和好朋友在外面喝一杯，好好聚一次。题目是对这两句话的同义转述。15、[解析]题目意为：老人们通过与自然的接触受益匪浅，生活质量变得更高。根据题目中的线索词和quality本题定位至E段段第4句指出果老年人有接触大自然的机会，他们的生活状况会明显改善不少。题目是对这句话的同义转述。16、[解析]题目意为：威廉伯德博士在他的研究中指出，多与自然环境接触有助于减少暴力行为。根据题目中的线索词DrWilliamBird和violence将本题定位至段。该段倒数第二句引用了威廉·伯德博士的话“自然环境可以减少暴力行为，因为享受自然的过程有助于减少愤怒和冲动行为”题目是对该引用内容的同义转述。