小学英语时态总结

小学PEP英语四种时态总结一、通常现在时标志词：always(总是)usually(通常)often(经常)sometimes(有时)never(从不)every(每一)行为动词词型改变形式通常现在时动词只有第三人称后有词形改变，其余人称（第一人称：I,we；第二人称：you；第三人称复数：they、myfriends）动词均用原形当主语是第三人称单数时，通常动词在通常现在时句子中改变规律：1、多数在动词后加splay—playslike—likes,2、以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾动词加eswash–washescatch–catchesdo–does3、以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加esfly—fliesstudy—studies4、以元音字母加y结尾，直接加sbuy–buys5、不规则改变have—has通常现在时基本使用方法功效1.表示事物或人物特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色。2.表示经常性或习惯性动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。Theearthisround.组成1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。句型必定句：A.be动词：主语+be+其它成份Heisaworker.B.行为动词：主语+动词(注意人称改变)+其它成份Welikethelittlecat.否定句：A.be动词：主语+be+not+其它成份Theyarenotstudents.B.行为动词：主语+助动词(do/does)+not+动词原形+其它成份Wedon’tlikethelittlecat.通常疑问句：A.be动词：Am/Is/Are+主语+其它成份Areyouateacher?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.Aretheystudentsofyourschool.Yestheyare/Notheyaren,t.B.行为动词：助动词(Do/Does)+主语+动词原形+其它成份Doyoulikeit?Yes,Ido./No.Idon’t.Doeshe(she)likeit?Yes,he(she)does./No,he(she)doesn’t.特殊疑问句：疑问词+通常疑问句A.be动词：Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool?B.行为动词：WhatdoyouusuallydoonSunday?通常现在时动词be和have改变形式1.动词Be叫连系动词,使用方法：第一人称单数用am，第三人称单数用is，其它人称用are。2.动词have使用方法：第三人称单数用has以外，其它人称一律用have。如:注意事项1.在英国，人们惯用havegot代替have，尤其在疑问句和否定句中。2.当have假如不表示“有”时，组成疑问或否定句时，就借助于助动词do,does如：Ihaveanewpen.否：Ihavenotanewpen.(表示有)Ihavelunchat12o’clock.否：Idon’thavelunchat12o’clock.(表示吃)二．现在进行时：标志词：now,look,listen，It’s+时间.现在进行时:表示正在进行、发生动作基本结构：ambeis+动词ingare必定句：主语+be动词(am,are,is)+现在分词（ing）+其余IamwatchingTV.否定句：主语+be动词+not+现在分词（ing）+其余IamnotwatchingTV.通常疑问句：Be动词(Am,Are,Is)+主语+现在分词（ing）+其余AreyouwatchingTV?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+通常疑问句Whatareyoudoing？动词-ing形式改变规律：1.

直接加-ingwatch—watching

clean—cleaning2.

以-y结尾动词，直接加-ingstudy—studying

play—playing3.

以不发音-e结尾动词，先去-e再加-ingmake—making

come—coming4.

末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母重读闭音节动词，双写末尾字母，再加-ingcut—cutting

三、通常未来时使用方法：表示未来某一时刻动作或状态，或未来某一段时间内经常动作或状态。标志词：tomorrow（明天），thedayaftertomorrow（后天），next（下一个），fromnowon（从现在开始），inthefuture（未来），soon（很快）等结构：(1)be（am,is,are）+goingto+动词原形(2)will+动词原形“begoingto+动词原形（打算…）”=”will+动词原形（将，会…）”

I’mgoingtostudytomorrow.

Iwillstudytomorrow.（begoingto着重于事先考虑好will未事先考虑好）----通常不用考虑必定句：主语+be(am,are,is)goingto+动词原形.主语+will+动词原形否定句：主语+be(am,are,is)notgoingto+动词原形.主语+won’t+动词原形.通常疑问句：Be(Am,Are,Is)+主语+goingto+动词原形?Will+主语+动词原形?特殊疑问句：疑问词+通常疑问句？注意：will常简略为'll，并与主语连写在一起，如：I'll，he'll，it'll，we'll，you'll，they'll。

四、通常过去时标志词：yesterday(昨天),last(上一个),thismorning（今天早上），ago(以前),before(在…之前),in(在)等使用方法：表示过去某个时间发生动作或存在状态，常和表示过去时间状语连用。也表示过去经常或重复发生动作动词过去式改变规则：1．通常在动词末尾加-ed如：watch-watched,cook-cooked2．结尾是e加d如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母重读闭音节，应双写末尾辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave…句型：1、Be动词在通常过去时中改变：⑴am和is变为was。否定（wasnot=wasn’t）⑵are变为were。否定（werenot=weren’t）否定句：在was或were后加not通常疑问句：把was或were调到句首。2、行为动词在通常过去时中改变否定句：didn’t+动词原形如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.通常疑问句：在句首加Did，句子中动词过去式变回原形如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑问句：（1）疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如:WhatdidJimdoyesterday?（2）疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?附录：小学惯用不规则动词过去式一、不规则动词过去式组成1．把动词原形中i改为a，变成过去式。如：begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam2．把重读开音节中i改为o，变成过去式。如：drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote3．改动词原形中aw／ow为ew，变成过去式。如：draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed）4．动词原形中e改为o，变成过去式。如：get—got，forget—forgot5．动词原形中ee改为e，变成过去式。如：feed—fed，meet—met6．动词原形中eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept7．动词原形中eak改为oke，变成过去式。如：break—broke，speak—spoke8．动词原形中ell改为old，变成过去式。如：sell—sold，tell—told9．动词原形中an改为oo，变成过去式。如：stand—stood，understand—understood10．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔:t〕过去式。如：bring—brought，buy—bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught11．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕情态动词过去式。如：can—could，shall—should，will—would12．把动词原形中o改为a，变成过去式。如：come—came，become—became13．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，而且发生音变。如：hear〔hi〕—heard〔h:d〕，say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕14．动词过去式与动词原形一样。如：let—let，must—must，put—put，read—read〔red〕二．不规则动词表原形过去式汉字释义amwas是（表示存在、状态等）arewere是（表示存在、状态等）becomebecame成为；变成beginbegan开始breakbroke打破bringbrought拿来；取来；带来buildbuilt构筑；建造；建筑buybought购置；买cancould能够；能；可能；会catchcaught赶上（车船等）；捕捉comecame来；来到cutcut切；割；削；剪do/doesdid做；干；行动drawdrew画drinkdrank喝；饮drivedrove开车；驾驶eatate吃feelfelt感到；以为findfound寻找；查找flyflew飞行forgetforgot忘记；忘却getgot变得givegave给；授予gowent去have/hashad得（病）；患（病）；有；吃；饮hearheard听见；听说hidehid隐藏iswas是（表示存在、状态等）keepkept保持；使保持某种状态knowknew知道；了解leaveleft离去；出发letlet允许；让loselost失去；丧失makemade使；促使；迫使；做；制作maymight可能；能够meanmeant表示……意思；作……解释meetmet遇见；相逢putput放；摆；装readread/e/读；阅读riderode骑ringrang（铃）响riserose上升runran跑；奔跑saysaid说；讲seesaw看见sendsent发送；寄；派；遣setset放,置showshowed出示；给……看shutshut关上（门、盖、窗户等）singsang唱；唱歌sitsat坐sleepslept睡；睡觉speakspoke说；说话swimswam游泳taketook搭乘；花费（时间）；拿走；带到teachtaught教；讲授telltold告诉；讲述thinkthought想；思索willwould将要winwon赢；获胜writewrote书写小学英语语法（词性）总结一、形容词、副词比较级和最高级使用方法：当两种物体之间相互比较时，我们要用形容词或副词比较级；当相互比较物体是三个或三个以上时，用形容词或副词最高级。比较级二者比较，标志词：than最高级三者以上比较，标志词：the形容词、副词比较级和最高级改变规律：1.

单音节形容词或副词后面直接加-er或-esttall—taller—tallest

fast—faster—fastest2.

以-e结尾单音节形容词或副词直接加-r或-stlarge—larger—largest

nice—nicer—nicest3.

以-y结尾形容词或副词，改-y为-i再加-er或-estbusy—busier—busiest

early—earlier—earliest4.

形容词或副词是重读闭音节时，双写最终辅音字母，再加-er或-esthot—hotter—hottest5.

多音节形容词或副词前面直接加more或mostbeautiful—morebeautiful—mostbeautiful6.以ly结尾副词通常加more或mostslowly—moreslowly—mostslowly7.

不规则改变good(well)-better-best

bad(badly)-worse-worstlittle-less-leastfar-farther-furthermany（much）-more–most形容词、副词比较级和最高级使用方法：比较级：1、形容词：物体A+am/are/is+形容词比较级+than+物体BIamtallerthanyou.Thispictureismorebeautifulthanthatone.2、副词：物体A+行为动词+副词比较级+than+物体B.Hestudiesbetterthanme.最高级： 1、形容词：物体A+am/are/is+the+形容词最高级+比较范围（of+人/物，in+地方）.Iamthetallestintheclass.ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.2、副词：物体A+行为动词+副词最高级+比较范围（of+人/物，in+地方）.Cheetahsrunfastestintheworld.Hestudiesbestofus.表示二者对比相同：主语+谓语+as+形容词/副词原形+as+从句Thisboxisasbigasmine.Thiscoatisnotso/ascheapasthatone.IstudyEnglishashardasmybrother.英语比较级和最高级练习（一）1.Apigis__thanadog.

A.muchheavy

B.moreheavierCmuchheavier

D.moreheavy

2.－－Whichis__seasoninBeijing?

－－Ithinkit’sspring.

A.good

B.well

C.best

D.thebest

3.Thecityisbecoming______.

A.morebeautifulandmoreB.morebeautifulandbeautiful

C.moreandmorebeautifulD.morebeautifulandbeautifuler

4.WhichdoesAlicelike_____,ChineseorArt?

A.wellB.bestC.betterD.much

5.TheChangjiangRiverisoneof____intheworld.

A.thelongestriver

B.longestrivers

C.thelongestrivers

D.longerrivers

6.LiMingspeaksChinese

_____

betterthanme.

A.very

B.more

C.alotofD.much

7.Thereare____boysinClassTwothaninClassFour.

A.moreB.manyC.mostD.best

8.Whohas_____orangesnow,Jim,LilyorLucy?

A.muchB.biggestC.betterD.themost

9.Motheris_____inmyfamily.

A.busyB.busierC.thebusiestD.more

10.Nooneis_____Lucyintheclass.

A.sotallestasB.astallerasC.sohighasD.astallas

（二）写出以下形容词与副词比较级与最高级形式：long___________wide_____________fat_________heavy__________slow_____________few_________brightly______-_____bably____________far_________quickly___________happy_____-______unhappy________(三)用所给词正确形式填空：1.Ofthetwogirls,IfindLucythe_______(clever).2.Gold(黄金)is______(little)usefulthaniron(铁).3.Mysisteristwoyears_______(old)thanI.4.John’sparentshavefourdaughters,andsheisthe_____(young)child.5.The_____(cheap)bagsarethenotusuallythebestones.6.Theshortoneisbyfar_______expensiveofthefive.7.Theboyisnotso______(interesting)ashisbrother.8.Dicksings_____(well),shesings______(well)thanJohn,butMarysings______(well)inherclass.9.Shewillbemuch______(happy)inhermewhouse.10.Thisdressis______that.(twice,as…as…,expensive)参考答案：（一）CDCCCDADCD

（二）longerlongestwiderwidestfatterfattestheavierheaviestslowerslowestfewerfewestmorebrightly,mostbrightlyworse,worstfurther,furthestmorequickly,mostquicklyhappierhappiestunhappierunhappiest（三）cleverlessOlderyoungestCheapestthemostInterestingwell,better,thebestHappiertwiceasexpensiveas二、情态动词情态动词定义：情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其余动词一起组成谓语。情态动词没有些人称和数改变，后加动词原形。can能够，会may能够shall将，要should应该must必须have（has）to不得不hadbetter最好情态动词使用方法：情态动词必定句否定句can主语+can+动词原形主语+can+not+动词原形may主语+may+动词原形主语+may+not+动词原形shall主语+shall+动词原形主语+shall+not+动词原形should主语+should+动词原形主语+should+not+动词原形must主语+must+动词原形主语+must+not+动词原形have（has）to主语+have（has）to+动词原形主语+don’t（doesn’t）+have（has）to+动词原形hadbetter主语+hadbetter+动词原形主语+hadbetter+not+动词原形情态动词疑问句必定回答否定回答canCan+主语+动词原形?Yes,～can.No,～can’t.mayMay+主语+动词原形?Yes,～may./Sure.No,～maynot.shallShall+主语+动词原形?Yes,please./Allright.No,let’snot.shouldShould+主语+动词原形?Yes,～should.No,～shouldn’t.mustMust+主语+动词原形?Yes,～must.No,～needn’t.have（has）toDo(does)+主语+haveto+动词原形?Yes,～do(does).No,～don’t(doesn’t).hadbetter／／／三、名词复数规则1．通常情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5．不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese可数名词变为复数形式有以下改变，以下表：情况组成方法例词通常情况在词尾+sdesk-desks,apple-apples以-s.x.ch.sh结尾词在词尾+esclass-classes,box-boxespeach-peaches,dish-dishes以辅音字母加y结尾词变y为i再+esfactory-factories,family-families以元音字母加y结尾词在词尾+sday-days,boy-boys,key-key以f或fe结尾词变f或fe为v再+esknife-knives,wife-wivesleaf-leaves,life-lives以辅音字母o结尾词有生命+es无生命+s以oo结尾+spotato-potatoes,hero-heroesphoto-photos技巧归纳改f(e)为ve加s口诀（1）树叶半数自己黄妻子拿刀去割粮架后窜出一只狼就像小偷逃命忙（2）惯用不规则名词复数形式foot-feet脚man-men男人woman-women女人tooth-teeth牙mouse-mice老鼠goose-geese鹅child-children小孩(3)单复数同形fish鱼li里jin斤yuan元mu亩sheep羊deer小鹿Chinese中国人Japanese日本人means伎俩单复名词同形：中国人日本人都爱绵羊鹿和鱼.高频考点manwoman作定词修饰复数时需变为复数形式twomendoctors两位男医生manywomenleaders很多女领导(4)只有复数形式，没有单数形式trousers裤子clothes衣服shorts短裤goods商品glasses眼镜shoes鞋（5）惯用不可数名词advice提议baggage行李bread面包rain雨steel钢gold金sand沙grass草glass玻璃oil油paper纸butter黄油salt盐beauty漂亮change零钱information信息smokewater水homework作业cloth布food食品money钱tea茶snow雪wealth财富furniture家俱cotton棉花rice大米fruit水果milk牛奶四、介词口诀：介词使用方法早、午、晚要用in，at拂晓、午夜、点与分。年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。未来时态in...以后，小处at大处in。有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，有意、支付、相反，准。特定时日和“一……就”，on后常接动名词。年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、关键。工具、和、同随with，具备、独立、就、原因。就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类knowtoman。this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。over、under正上下，above、below则不然，若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。‘beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。同类比较except，加for异类记心间。原状becauseof,、owingto、dueto表语形容词under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。before、after表一点,ago、later表一段。before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。since以来during间，since时态多变换。与之相比beside，除了lastbutone。复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。butfor否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。ing型因为鉴，除了除外与包合。之后、关于、在......方面，关于介词须记全。in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。五、代词使用方法.主格Iyouhesheitwethey宾格meyouhimheritusthem形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsourstheirs反身代词myselfyourself/yourselveshimselfherselfitselfourselvesthemselves主格：通常放在句子前,做主语.

宾格：通常放在动词,介词（for、to、of…）后.形容词性物主代词：修饰名词,放在名词前.名词性物主代词：代表名词,后不跟名词.反身代词及其通惯使用方法

反身代词表示动作回到其执行者本身用以加强语气。

反身代词分类

1．第一人称单数：myself我自己复数：ourselves我们自己

2．第二人称单数：yourself你自己复数：yourselves你们自己

3．第三人称单数：himself他自己herself她自己itself

它自己

复数：themselves他们自己、她们自己、它们自己

反身代词在句子中使用方法

1．作表语She'snotherselftoday.她今天跟日常真是判若两人。

2．作宾语Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.请随便吃点鱼。

3．作介宾IlearnedEnglishbymyself.我自学英语。

4．作同位语Hecandothathimself.他自己能做那件事。

Therebe有，表示存在。Thereis+单数、不可数名词Thereare+复数

“Therebe”句型结构：必定句：“Therebe+主语（某人/某物）+某地Thereisaboyintheroom.否定句：“Therebe+not(any)+主语+某地Therearen'tanybooksonthedesk.通常疑问句：“Be（is、are）there+(any)+主语+某地“Yes，thereis/are.”“No,thereisn't/aren't.”It+be谈论天气“It'sgoingtorain.”说到时间“It'stimetogotoschool.”距离远近“It'sfartogetthere.”情况程度“It'shardtolearn.”六、连词使用方法

一、并列连词：

1.

and

连接单词

My

brother

and

I

study

in

the

same

school.

连接短语

Our

knowledge

may

come

from

the

books

and

from

practice.

连接句子

We

are

singing

and

they

are

dancing.

2.but不过/而是

I

have

a

pen

but

no

pencil.

or

或者Will

you

go

there

by

bus

or

on

foot?

3.nothing

but除了，只有I

did

nothing

but

watch

it.

4.or表示不然

Hurry

up

or

you

will

be

late.

5.for表示因为He

is

good

at

math

for

he

studies

harder

than

others.

6.still

表示后句概念由前句转折而来The

weather

is

very

cold,

still

we

needn’t

wear

more

clothes.

7.not

only…but

also

不但…而且可并列主、谓、宾、表及句子主语并列时，谓语要就近一致

Not

only

he

but

also

I

am

a

teacher.

8.as

well

as

以及，一样并列单词、短语、句子。并列主语时，动词要随前面主语改变

He

works

as

well

as

he

can

9.either…or

既…又…，或…或…并列主、谓、宾、表及状语

Either

come

in

or

go

out.

10.neither…nor

既不…也不并列主、谓、宾、表、状语，并列主语时，谓语就近一致

Neither

you

nor

he

speaks

French.

12.both…and

和，既…也并列主、谓、宾及表语I

can

play

both

football

and

basketball.13.nor

也不，引导句子要倒装

He

can

not

speak

English,

nor

can

I.

You

like

apples,

so

do

I.

二、隶属连词：

1.after

表示“时间”，在…之后After

I

finished

the

school,

I

became

a

worker

in

the

factory.

2.although/though

表示让步，

“尽管”

Although

she

is

young,

she

knows

a

lot.

3.as

表示时间，“当…时”，方式“象…”，原因，“因为、因为”让步，“尽管、即使”

As

it

was

late,

we

must

go

now.

4.as

if/as

though

表方式，“似乎、好像”

He

told

is

such

a

story

as

though

he

had

been

there

before.

5.as

long

as/so

long

as

表条件，“只要”

As

long

as

I

am

free,

I’ll

go

to

help

you.

6.as

soon

as

表时间，“一…就…”

I

will

phone

you

as

soon

as

I

come

back.7.because

表原因，“因为”

I

have

to

stay

in

bed

because

I

am

ill.

8.before

表时间，“在…之前“

You

should

think

more

before

you

do

it.

9.even

if/

even

though

表让步，“即使”

You

should

try

again

even

if

you

failed.

10.hardly…when

表时间，“（刚）一…就”

Hardly

I

entered

the