2023年天津市南开区高考英语质检试卷（二）-普通用卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023年天津市南开区高考英语质检试卷（二）一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）1.So

you

missed

the

football

match

held

yesterday．

_____________．I

got

there

15minutes

before

the

end

of

it．（）A.Not

likely B.Not

a

little C.Not

at

all D.Not

exactly2.MostofthetopleadersexpressedacommondesireattheUNconference，thatdifferentculturesshouldcoexistwithtolerance.（）A.the

one B.the

ones C.ones D.one3.HowtoprotectchildrenfromunsuitablematerialonsomewebsiteswhileencouragingthemtousetheInternet__________inmanyareasoftheworld.                     （）A.havelongbeendiscussed B.haslongbeendiscussed

C.werelongbeendiscussed D.waslongbeendiscussed4.A________identificationcardisrequiredwhenyoupurchaseforeignmoneyfromBankofChina.（）A.beneficial B.effective C.valid D.flexible5.Wehavemuchtolookforwardtointhefuture，thankstoadvancesintechnology.I'msurethatAIdoctorsare___.（）A.in

the

way B.on

the

spot C.in

the

end D.on

the

horizon6.________theconvenienceofdigitalpayment，manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.（）A.Enjoying B.Enjoyed C.To

enjoy D.Having

enjoyed7.Suchasimpleexperimentcaneffectively______people'sdoubtsaboutthenewtechnology，sotheyarewillingtoembracetheinnovation.（）A.bring

forth B.go

over C.put

away D.wipe

out8.Asanewdiplomat，heoftenthinksofhowhecanreactmore_________（合适地）onsuchoccasions．（）A.apparently B.appropriately C.approximately D.approvingly9.Ascompaniesaretryinghardtoattractandkeepyoungpeoplefortheirtechnicalskillsandenthusiasmforchange，officecultureisbecomingan________ofyouthculture.（）A.expansion B.extension C.expression D.exhibition10.________withtwojoboffers，wemaywonderexactlywhatitiswe'rechoosingbetween.（）A.Having

presented B.To

be

presented

C.Presenting D.Presented11.Lastwinter，partofBritainwasstruckbysnowstorms，from________effectsmostpassengersinHeathrowweresufferingalot，especiallythosewithchildren.（）A.which B.what C.whose D.that12.Thedepartmentmanagerpromisedtoldherwhostolethenecklacewouldberewarded.Tohersurprise,shesaid,therewasnoresponse.（）A.whoever；

whichever B.whoever；

no

matter

what

C.no

matter

who；

whatever D.no

matter

who；

no

matter

what13.—Ihavebeenconsideringcancellingtheprojectbecauseitseemshardtogofarther.

—Butit'stooearlyto_____________now.There'sstillmuchhope.（）A.have

second

thoughts B.throw

in

the

towel

C.test

the

waters D.make

ends

meet14.Wewill________restorationandreconstructionoftheareaafterthedisaster，includingtransportation，communicationsandwatersupply.（）A.accommodate B.accumulate C.accelerate D.accustom15.________hebecameseriouslyillin1998，thefamouswriterhadbeencarryingoutcomparativestudiesofclassicalChinesetexts.（）A.Since B.When C.Although D.Until二、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，共40.0分）AYoumaybefamiliarwiththefollowingfamouspeople，buthaveyouheardoftheirgraduationspeeches，inwhichtheyeithersharetheirunforgettableexperiencesorgiveyousomegreatinspiration.

●MichaelDell，UniversityofTexasatAustin

Andnowyou'veaccomplishedsomethinggreatandimportanthere，andit'stimeforyoutomoveontowhat'snext.Andyoumustnotletanythingpreventyoufromtakingthosefirststeps.Youmustalsocommittotheadventure.Justhavefaithintheskillsandtheknowledgeyou'vebeenblessedwithandgo.

●J.K.Rowling，HarvardUniversity

Halfmylifetimeago，Iwasstrikinganuneasybalancebetweenmyambitionandtheexpectationfrommyparentswhowerenotrich.ButwhatIfearedmostformyselfatyouragewasnotpoverty，butfailure.ThefactthatyouaregraduatingfromHarvardsuggeststhatyouknowlittleaboutfailure.Youmightbedrivenbyafearoffailurequiteasmuchasadesireforsuccess.

●SteveJobs，StanfordUniversity

Sometimeslife'sgoingtohityouontheheadwithabrick.Don'tlosefaith.Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife，andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork，andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven'tfoundityet，keeplooking，anddon'tsettle.

●BillGates，HarvardUniversity

Weneedasmanypeopleaspossibletohaveaccesstotheadvancedtechnologytoleadtoarevolutioninwhathumanbeingscandoforoneanother.Theyaremakingitpossiblenotjustfornationalgovernments，butforuniversities，smallerorganizations，andevenindividualstoseeproblems，seeapproachesanddealwiththeworld'sinequities（不公平）likehunger，poverty，andsoon.16.WhatdidJ.K.Rowlingfearmostwhenshewasstudyinginuniversity？______A.Appearance. B.Poverty. C.Hunger. D.Failure.17.Whowantstoexpress"Keeplookingforwhatyoubelievein"？______A.SteveJobs. B.BillGates. C.MichaelDell. D.J.K.Rowling.18.WhatdoesBillGatessuggestpeopledoing？______A.Makingcontributionstotheenvironment.

B.Takingresponsibilityfortheirownbehavior.

C.Makingjointeffortstosolvesomeglobalproblems.

D.Masteringasmuchadvancedtechnologyaspossible.19.What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthetext？______A.Tointroducehowsomefamouspeopleovercomedifficulties.

B.Togivepeoplesomeinspirationstoliveameaningfullife.

C.Toshowpeoplewaysofappreciatinggraduationspeech.

D.Toappealtopeopletopursueabetteruniversityeducation.BLifeisjustlikeaboxofchocolatesandyouneverknowwhatyou'regoingtoget.Sometimeswhenweareinourdarkesthour，somethingcompletelyunexpectedhappensthatcangiveusalittlebitofhopeandcomfort.

Jessicawasahealthywoman.Oneday，whileshewasworkingonabrilliantideathatsuddenlystruckher，whichshethoughtwouldbearealbreakthroughforsolvingthemathematicalproblemshewasworkingon，shesuddenlylostconsciousness.Aftershewasrushedtothehospital，herheartrateslowedbynearly50percent.Ittookninedaysfordoctorstoconcentrateonwhatwascausingherproblem.

Afterseveralweeks，Jessicawasstillstiff（僵硬的）fromheadtofoot，butluckily，shewasabletomoveherlips.StaffnoticedthisandintroducedJessicatoConsueloGonzalez，aprofessionallipreader.Consuelocanunderstandwhatpeoplearesayingbytheshapetheirlipsmake.Shecanalsounderstandhowannoyingitisnottobeabletocommunicatebecauseshehasbeencompletelydeafsincetheageof8.

Forafewhourseachweek，JessicacouldhavelongconversationswithConsuelo，divingintotheoceanofwordsshedearlymissed.ThroughConsuelo，Jessicaaskedthedoctorsandnursesquestionsshehadlongwantedanswersto.ShealsotalkedtoConsueloaboutthevividdreamsshewasmixingupwithreality.

Infact，thereareotherwaysforConsuelotoearnalivingbyreadinglips，butshesayshelpingpatientsseparatehorribledreamsfromrealityisthemostrewardingwayshecanuseheruniqueskill."Whatisreallywonderful，withoutdoubt，isbeingabletousethisskilltocreatehealingandtocreatecommunicationbetweenhumanbeings.That'swhatfeelsbest：Love."

Afterfourandahalfmonthsinthehospital，Jessicafinallyrecovered.Consuelowasthere，holdingJessica'shands.Jessicaeventuallywentbacktoworkasamathprofessor.Afterherexperienceshewroteanewlivingwill.Onethingsheaddedisthatifsheeverbecomesincapacitatedlikethisagain，sheisnevertobeleftalone.20.Whydoestheauthormentionaboxofchocolatesinthefirstparagraph？______A.Topresentanargument. B.Tomakeacomparison.

C.Tointroduceatopic. D.Togiveanexample.21.Whatisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents？______

a.JessicawasintroducedtoConsueloGonzalez.

b.Jessicawentbacktoworkandwroteanewlivingwill.

c.DoctorsspentninedaystofindoutwhatcausedJessica'sproblem.

d.Jessicawasabletoaskthedoctorsquestionsshehadlongwantedanswersto.

e.Jessicaworkedonabrilliantideaforsolvingthemathematicalproblem.A.ecadb B.adcbe C.ecdba D.adbce22.WhichstatementiscorrectinJessica'sstory？______A.Jessicabecamedeafasaresultofthesuddendiseaseafterlosingconsciousness.

B.Consuelomusthaveagiftinpsychologyasshecouldseparatedreamsfromreality.

C.ConsueloaccompaniedJessicaallthetimeinthehospitaluntilthelatterrecovered.

D.DoctorsfocusedonthecauseofJessica'sdiseasebeforeConsueloofferedhelp.23.HowcanwedescribeConsueloGonzalez？______A.Friendlyandcautious. B.Braveandcreative.

C.Kindandcaring. D.Determinedandhumorous.24.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"incapacitated"underlinedinthelastparagraph？______A.Deadlyexhausted. B.Seriouslyill.

C.Desperatelylonely. D.Incrediblycompulsory.25.Whatcanbestsummarizethemessagecontainedinthepassage？______A.Lovecanmakepeoplenolongeralonefacingdifficulties.

B.Creatingcommunicationbetweenhumanbeingsisrewarding.

C.Self-acceptanceisbasedontheloveforoneself.

D.Loveiskeytotheattainmentofothers'respect.CWeareencounteringreal-worldexamplesofhowAIcanharmhumanrelations.AsdigitalassistantssuchasAlexaorSiribecomepopular，webecomeaccustomedtotalkingtothemasthoughtheywerealive.Writinginthesepagesseveralyearsago，JudithShulevitzdescribedhowsomeofusarestartingtotreatthemasfriendsandtherapists.Shulevitzherselfsayssheconfesses（忏悔）thingstoGoogleAssistantthatshewouldn'ttellherhusband.Ifwegrowmorecomfortabletalkingtoourdevicesaboutoursecrets，whathappenstoourhumanmarriagesandfriendships？Designersandprogrammerstypicallycreatedeviceswhoseresponsesmakeusfeelbetter—butmaynothelpusbeself-reflectiveorthinkoverpainfultruths.AsAIgoesdeeperintoourlives，wemustfacethepossibilitythatitwillpreventouremotionsanddeephumanconnects.

Besides，wewillfightwithsomeotherchallenges.Theageofdriverlesscars，afterall，isuponus.Thesevehiclespromisetoconsiderablyreducetheexhaustionanddistractionthatputhumandriversindanger，thuspreventingaccidents.Butwhatothereffectsmighttheyhaveonpeople？Drivingisaverymodernkindofsocialinteraction，requiringhighlevelsofcooperation.Iworrythatdriverlesscars，bytakingawayfromusanoccasiontoexercisethisability，couldcontributetoitsdecline.

Notonlywillthesevehiclesbeprogrammedtotakeoverdrivingdutiesandhencetoremovefromhumansthepowertomakemoraljudgments（forexample，aboutwhichpedestriantohitwhenacrashisunavoidable），theywillalsoaffecthumanswithwhomthey'vehadnodirectcontact.Forinstance，driverswhohavesteeredawhilealongsideanautonomousvehicletravelingatasteady，changelessspeedmightdrivelessattentively，thusincreasingtheirlikelihoodofaccidentsoncethey'vemovedtoapartofthehighwayoccupiedonlybyhumandrivers.Alternatively，experiencemayrevealthatdrivingalongsideautonomousvehiclestravellinginperfectaccordancewith（按照）trafficlawsactuallyimproveshumanperformance.

Eitherway，weshouldbecarefultolaunchnewformsofAIwithoutfirsttakingsuchunexpectedsocialeffectsintoaccount.Wemustapplythesameeffortthatweapplytothehardwareandsoftwarethatmakeself-drivingcarspossibletomanagingAI'spotentialeffectsonthoseoutsidethecar.Afterall，weinstallbrakelightsonthebackofyourcarnotjust，orevenprimarily，foryourbenefit，butforthesakeofthepeoplebehindyou.26.Whatcanbeinferredabouthumanrelationshipsfromthefirstparagraph？______A.AIwillleadtodistantinter-personalrelationships.

B.Wewillfeelcomfortablespeakingtoothersonline.

C.AIwillenablepeopletocommunicatemorewithothers.

D.Wewillbemoreself-reflectiveininteractionthankstoAI.27.InParagraph2，thephrase"itsdecline"referstothedeclinein______.A.drivers'interactionwiththecars

B.drivers'exhaustionanddistraction

C.ourabilitytocooperatewithotherswhiledriving

D.ourabilitytodealwithemergencieswhiledriving28.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofdriverlesscars？______A.Theymaybebetteratmakingmorejudgmentsthanhumandrivers.

B.Theyneedtovarytheirspeedtomakecontactwithhumandrivers.

C.Theymaymakehumandriversinothercarsdrivemoresafely.

D.Theyneedtoforcehumandriverstoconcentrateinthecar.29.Whichofthefollowingisthewritermostlikelytoagreewith？______A.Brakelightsonthebackofourcarareinstalledmainlytowarnusofdanger.

B.Weshouldfigureouthownewtechnologyaffectspeoplebeforedevelopingit.

C.WecanlaunchnewformsofAIwithoutthinkingofunexpectedsocialeffects.

D.Moreeffortsshouldbemadetoadvancethehardwareandsoftwareofdriverlesscars.30.What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassage？______A.TopresentthechallengesbroughtbyAI.

B.ToexplainthereasonwhyAImayharmhumanrelations.

C.ToputforwardhowtosolvetheunexpectedeffectofAI.

D.Todiscusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdriverlesscars.DPsychologicalscienceisfullofinterestingtopics，manyofwhichtellacoherent（连贯的）pictureofhumannature，butsomeofwhichcreateseeminglycontradictorystories.Acaseinpointisthetricky，andmisunderstood，overlap（重叠部分）betweenstrength-basedscienceandtheresearchonnarcissism（自恋）.

Thereisnowconvincingevidencetoshowthatnarcissismisontherise，especiallyinouryouth.Someresearcherssaythatabout25%ofyoungpeopleshowsymptomsofnarcissism.TheinflatedegoofGenerationMeisreflectedinrealityTV，celebrityworship，andout-of-controlconsumerism.

Wearecorrecttobeconcernedaboutthisphenomenon，butourfearthatallkidsarepotentialnarcissistshascausedanunhelpfulcounter-reactiontoapproachesthatseektomakeourchildrenandteensfeelgoodaboutthemselves.

Inmyownresearchonstrength-basedparenting，itiscommonforpeopletowronglythinkthisapproachtobethecauseofnarcissism.Theirargumentseemstobethatachildwhoknowshisstrengthswillautomaticallyviewhimselfasbetterthaneveryoneelse.Itisarguedthattheself-assurancethatcomeswithidentifyingandusingtheirpositivequalitieswillmakeachildselfishanduncaring.Genuineconfidenceaboutone'sstrengthsiscategorizedasover-confidence；desirableself-knowledgeisbrandedasexcessive（过分的）self-admiration.

Whydoesthisoccur？It'spartlybecausemoreisknownaboutnarcissismthanstrengths.Whilestrengthspsychologyhaslargelystayedwithinthelimitofacademicjournals，researchonnarcissismhasmadeitswayintothemassmediaandourdailylife.Afamousmagazinenotedthatnarcissismisafavoredtopicandthatpeopleeverywherearediagnosingotherswithit.

Thefearthatastrength-basedapproachwillcausenarcissismalsooccursbecauseofourbinary（非此即彼）thinking.Wemistakenlybelievethatonecannotbebothconfidentandhumble.WefocusonDonaldTrumpandKimKardashianratherthanMahatmaGandhiandMotherTeresa.Withoutconfidenceintheirstrengths，GandhiandMotherTeresacouldn'thaveachievedsomuch，andyetmodestyandselflessnessaretheirqualities.

Whenweassumethatstrength-focusisthesameasaself-focus，wefailtomaketheideaclearthatpeoplewhoknowtheirstrengthsare，actually，morelikelytobepro-socialandreadytohelpothers.

It'seasytoconcludethateveryyoungpersonisatriskofbecominganarcissistbutI'dliketostandupforthethousandsofyoungkidsIhaveworkedwith，whoarecaring，thoughtfulandhumble—evenwhentheyusetheirstrengths.31.Whichofthefollowingopinionsmaythewriteragreewith？______A.Strength-basedparentingleadstonarcissism.

B.It'sunhelpfulforustomakeourchildrenfeelgoodaboutthemselves.

C.Tosayallkidsarepotentialnarcissistsisoverstatingthecase.

D.Childrenwhoknowtheirstrengthstendtobemoreselfishanduncaring.32.Whyareteenagers'strengthsoftenconsideredasnarcissismaccordingtoParagraph5？______A.Academicjournalsreportmoreonnarcissism.

B.Thereisalackofnarcissisminourcommonsense.

C.Manypeoplearediagnosedwithnarcissismbydoctors.

D.Thegeneralpublichaslessaccesstostrengthspsychology.33.WhydoestheauthormentionGandiandMotherTeresa？______A.BecausetheyareasfamousasDonaldTrump.

B.Becausetheyarebothconfidentandmodest.

C.Becauseconfidenceisquiteimportantforcelebrities.

D.Becauseastrength-basedapproachwillcausenarcissism.34.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsyoungkids'strength-basedapproaches？______A.Favorable. B.Neutral. C.Disapproving. D.Doubtful.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.Teens'PsychologyResearch B.Teens'NarcissismDiagnosis

C.Teens'Strength-basedApproach D.Teens'ConfidenceMisunderstood三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）AnelementaryschoolinScotlandgaveitsstudentsaspecialpresent.Insteadofbeingaskedtododifferentkindsofhomeworkorbookreports，thechildrendidactsof（1）______，whichisamuchmore（2）______lesson.

Thechildren（3）______GalsoilSchoolinClontyperformedthesekindactsinDecemberand（4）______theiractsinwritingorpicturesinaKindnessdiary.

Intheproject，theteachers（5）______thestudentstodokinddeedsforanelderlyneighbororafriendwhoisfeeling（6）______，anyactthathelpedto（7）______someone'sday.

Thestudentswerealsoencouragedtowritekindnotestoeachotherthatwerereadata（8）______everyweekandalltheclassesgottogethertodiscussand（9）______aschool-wideprojecttohelpthecommunityduringtheholidayseason.

"Weare（10）______ourpupilstothinkofthereal（11）______ofNewYear—kindnessandgiving，"viceprincipalsaid."Thereisnobodyinthisworldwhowouldn't（12）______fromanactofkindness，and（13）______thejoyofkindnessisthatit（14）______nothing.

AstudentAndysaid，"Kindnessisaboutmakingpeople'slives（15）______bychanginglittlethings，ordoinglittlenicethingstomakea（16）______topeoplearound."

Thechildrenmadealotof（17）______totheirgrandparentsandtoseniorsinthecommunityto（18）______withthemoverthephone，relievingtheirloneliness.Whatthechildrenhavelearnedaboutkindnessisfarmore（19）______thanreading，writing，andmath.Eventheyoungeststudentshave（20）______much.36.

A.appreciation B.reading C.kindness D.drawing37.

A.demanding B.valuable C.reliable D.previous38.

A.attending B.leaving C.visiting D.interviewing39.

A.conducted B.spread C.broadcast D.recorded40.

A.permitted B.advised C.promised D.begged41.

A.lonely B.guilty C.enthusiastic D.awkward42.

A.promise B.control C.describe D.brighten43.

A.meeting B.concert C.hospital D.station44.

A.liveupto B.comeupwith C.keepupwith D.lookupto45.

A.pushing B.forcing C.inspiring D.warning46.

A.origin B.traditions

C.characteristics D.spirit47.

A.suffer B.benefit C.recover D.separate48.

A.definitely B.strangely C.gradually D.unluckily49.

A.produces B.costs C.deserves D.holds50.

A.richer B.busier C.better D.safer51.

A.choice B.decision C.collection D.difference52.

A.calls B.gifts C.cards D.plans53.

A.compromise B.interpret C.chat D.negotiate54.

A.enjoyable B.popular C.formal D.important55.

A.observed B.shared C.gained D.discussed四、阅读表达（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）56.Walkinghomefromschooloneday，IsawDan，akidfrommyschool，ontheothersideoftheroad.Isaidtomyself，"Hemustbearealnerd，"ashewascarryingalotofbooks.WhenIcontinuedwalking，IsawagroupofkidsrunintoDan，knockinghisbooksoutofhisarmsandpushinghimsohefellover.Iranovertohelphim，andaswewerepickinguphisbooks，Isawtearsinhiseyes.

WhileIhelpedhimstandup，Isaid，"Thosekidsarestupid."Helookedatmeandsaid，"Thanks."Therewasagratefulsmileonhisface.

Westartedtalkingandsoonrealizedthatwelivedneareachother.Wetalkedallthewayhome.Danturnedouttobeaprettycoolkid.WehungoutallweekendandthemoreIgottoknowDan，themoreIlikedhim.DanandIbecamebestfriends.

Overtheyearsinhighschool，hebecamemorepopular.Inoursenioryear，Dangotthebestgradesinourclass，andhadtogiveaspeechforgraduation.

AsDanstartedhisspeech，helookedatme."Graduationisatimetothankthepeoplewhohelpedyousurvivethosetoughyears—yourparents，yourteachers，butmostlyyourfriends.Beingafriendisthebestgiftyoucangive.I'mgoingtotellyouastory."IjustlookedatDaninamazementashetoldthestoryofthefirstdaywemet.Hehadplannedtodropoutofschoolandrunawayfromhomethatweekend.Dantalkedofhowhehademptiedhislockersohismomwouldn'thavetodoitlaterandwascarryingallofhisbookshome.Helookedhardatmeandgavemealittlesmile."Thankfully，Iwassaved.Myfriendsavedmefrommakingahugemistake."EveryonelookedatDaninshockashetoldusabouthisweakestmoment.(1)WheredidtheauthorfirstmeetDan？（nomorethan10words）

______(2)HowdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedpartinParagraph1？（nomorethan10words）

______(3)WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout？（nomorethan8words）

______(4)WhydideveryonelookatDaninshockattheendofthestory？（nomorethan15words）

______(5)Whodoyouwanttothankmostuponyourgraduation？Pleaseexplain.（nomorethan25words）

______五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）57.假设你是学生会主席李津，英国校长代表团将于5月18日世界博物馆日到你校访问，并参加你校与天津博物馆合作组织的为期一周的"让文物走进生活"活动，请你根据内容要点用英语写一篇此次活动开幕词。

（1）表示欢迎；

（2）活动目的；

（3）活动内容（不少于2项）；

（4）对客人的祝愿。

注意：

（1）词数不少于100；

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

（3）开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：BringingCulturalRelicsintoLifeevent"让文物走进生活"活动handicraft手工艺品

Dearguests，teachersandfellowstudents，

I'mLiJin，chairmanoftheStudentUnion.

答案和解析1.【答案】D【解析】答案：

A．Notlikely：不见得，不大可能；B．Notalittle不少，许多；C．Notatall一点也不，别客气；D．Notexactly（用于纠正某人说过的话）并非如此，不完全是这样；根据答语可知，"我"是在那场足球比赛结束前15分钟到达那里的，因此，"我"并没有完全错过那场比赛，故此处应为纠正某人说过的话，意为：并非如此，不完全是这样；故选D．

所以你错过了昨天的那场足球比赛？

也不完全是这样的，我是在它结束前15分钟到达那里的．

做语言交际类的题目时，首先应根据题目中的问句或答语，判断说话者的意图，从而确定出空缺处所表达的意思；其次应掌握各选项的意义及用法．

2.【答案】D【解析】one用作替代词主要用于替代"a+单数可数名词"，表泛指；若需特指，则用theone；ones用作替代词主要用于替代"复数名词"，表泛指；若需特指，则用theones。本题代指前面的a

common

desire

，表示泛指，故用代词one。

故选：D。

大多数最高领导人在联合国会议上表达了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。

此题考查one作代词的相关用法，弄清one、theone、ones和theones指代的用法区别是解题关键。

3.【答案】B【解析】答案：B.A.havelongbeendiscussed   现在完成时的被动；B.haslongbeendiscussed   现在完成时的被动。C项和D项形式错误。分析句子，主语是不定式短语"how+todo" ，所以谓语动词用单数；根据句意，本句用现在时，且表示"已经被讨论"，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。

故选：B。

如何在鼓励儿童使用互联网的同时，保护他们不受某些网站上不良内容的影响，这在世界许多地区早就被讨论过了。

考查主谓一致，要分析句子主语的单复数形式。

4.【答案】C【解析】句意：从中国银行购买外币时，需要一张有效的身份证。A.beneficial有利的；B.perfect完美的；C.valid有效的；D.flexible灵活的。根据句意，此处修饰identification

card表达"有效的"。

故选：C。

从中国银行购买外币时，需要一张有效的身份证。

考查形容词词义辨析，弄清楚各个形容词的含义并区别各个形容词之间的差异，了解某些形容词的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。

5.【答案】D【解析】A．in

the

way挡道，妨碍（某人）；B．on

the

spot

当场；C．in

the

end最后；D．on

the

horizon即将来临的。根据句意"我确定人工智能医生即将出现"可知，此处意为"即将来临的"。

故选：D。

由于技术的进步，我们对未来有很多期待。我确定人工智能医生即将出现。

先分析选项的意思，再结合句意选出正确的答案。

6.【答案】C【解析】A.Enjoying享受；B.Enjoyed享受；C.To

enjoy为了享受；D.Having

enjoyed享受过。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语started，空处应为非谓语动词，结合句意可知表示目的，应用不定式。

故选：C。

为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老人开始使用智能手机。

掌握不定式的用法，结合句意仔细判断空处的意思，非谓语动词中表示目的常用不定式。

7.【答案】D【解析】A．bringforth产生；B．goover仔细检查；C．putaway收好；D．wipeout消灭，摧毁，消除。根据句意可知表示"消除疑虑"，所以D正确。

故选：D。

这样一个简单的实验可以有效地消除人们对新技术的疑虑，让他们愿意接受创新。

单项选择是一种容量大、考查面广的题型。它可集中考查词法、句法、语法知识。因此在各级各类考试中，单项选择是必不可少的题型。解答单项选择题，一般要经过四个阶段：阅读审题--观察分析--选择判断--复查验证。

8.【答案】B【解析】答案：B．考查副词辨析．根据句意可知，作为一名新的外交官，他经常思考如何在这种场合做出更恰当的反应．apparently据…所知，看来，显然；appropriately合适地，恰当地；approximately大约；approvingly满意地，赞许地；

结合题意知B项符合语境要求．

故选：B．

作为一名新的外交官，他经常思考如何在这种场合做出更恰当的反应．

本题考查副词辨析．辨析副词要在识记常见副词及其搭配的基础上理解语境，根据具体语境推断合理的答案．要求考生掌握常用副词的词义和用法，并结合题意选出正确的答案．

9.【答案】B【解析】句意：由于各公司都在努力吸引和留住具有技术能力和变革热情的年轻人，办公室文化正在成为青年文化的延伸。A.expansion扩大；B.extension延伸；C.expression表达；D.exhibition展览。根据"of

youth

culture"及常识可知，此处指办公室文化正在成为青年文化的延伸。

故选：B。

由于各公司都在努力吸引和留住具有技术能力和变革热情的年轻人，办公室文化正在成为青年文化的延伸。

考查名词，弄清楚各个名词的含义并区别各个名词之间的差异，认真掌握好常用名词的主要用法及搭配，然后结合语境选择正确答案。

10.【答案】D【解析】句中已有谓语动词wonder，所以此处为非谓语作状语，present与主语we之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动和完成，作状语。

故选：D。

面对两份工作机会，我们可能会想知道到底是什么让我们在两者之间做出选择（如何选择要看自己真正看重的是什么）。

考查非谓语动词。关键看它和主语之间的关系。如果是和主语之间构成主动关系，使用现在分词，若构成被动关系，使用过去分词。若表目的，使用不定式。

11.【答案】C【解析】此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是snowstorms，关系词替代先行词在从句中作effects的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。

故选：C。

去年冬天，英国部分地区遭受了暴风雪的袭击，希思罗机场的大多数乘客都受到了暴风雪的影响，尤其是那些有孩子的乘客。

定语从句，关键分析句子，分析定语从句所缺的成分，正确选择关系词。

12.【答案】B【解析】答案：B.句中promised之后是一个宾语从句，属于名词性从句，因此只能用特殊疑问词+ever,而后面则是一个让步状语从句，使用nomatter+特殊疑问词或者疑问词+ever的形式。

故选：B。

这位部门经理承诺不管谁告诉他谁偷走那条项链，都会得到奖赏。让他惊异的是，不管她说了什么，都没有回复。

nomatter+特殊疑问词一般引导让步状语从句，表示"无论…"；特殊疑问词+ever既可以引导让步状语从句，也可以引导名词性从句，同样表示"无论…"。

13.【答案】B【解析】A．have

second

thoughts重新考虑；B．throw

in

the

towel认输；C．test

the

waters试探；D．make

ends

meet使收支相抵。根据下文There's

still

much

hope.可知此处意为"但是现在认输还为时过早。"

故选：B。

--我一直在考虑取消这个项目，因为似乎很难再做下去了。

--但是现在认输还为时过早。还有很大的希望。

先分析选项的意思，再结合句意选出正确的答案。

14.【答案】C【解析】句意：我们将加快灾后恢复重建，包括交通、通信和供水。A.accommodate为……提供住宿；B.accumulate积累；C.accelerate加快；D.accustom使习惯于。由"restoration

and

reconstruction

of

the

area

after

the

disaster"可知，表示"我们将加快灾后恢复重建"，accelerate"加快"符合语境。

故选：C。

我们将加快灾后恢复重建，包括交通、通信和供水。

考查动词，弄清楚各个动词的含义并区别各个动词之间的差异，认真掌握好常用动词的主要用法及搭配，然后结合语境选择正确答案。

15.【答案】D【解析】A.Since自从；B.When当……的时候；C.Although尽管；D.Until直到。根据语境可知，直到1998年他病重时才停止研究。

故选：D。

这位著名作家一直对中国古典文本进行比较研究，直到1998年他的病变得严重为止。

考查时间状语从句，分析时间状语从句的引导词是解答此题的关键。

16~19.【答案】D、A、C、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据J.K.Rowling，Harvard

University部分中But

what

I

feared

most

for

myself

at

your

age

was

not

poverty，but

failure.

（但在你们这个年纪，我最害怕的不是贫穷，而是失败）可知，J.K.Rowling最害怕的不是贫穷而是失败。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据Steve

Jobs，Stanford

University部分中Your

work

is

going

to

fill

a

large

part

of

your

life，and

the

only

way

to

be

truly

satisfied

is

to

do

what

you

believe

is

great

work，and

the

only

way

to

do

great

work

is

to

love

what

you

do.If

you

haven't

found

it

yet，keep

looking，and

don't

settle.

（你的工作将占据你生活的很大一部分，真正满足的唯一方法是做你认为是伟大的工作，而做伟大工作的唯一方法就是热爱你所做的事情。如果你还没有找到，继续寻找，不要将就）可知，Steve

Jobs表达了他的想法：做伟大工作的唯一方法就是热爱你所做的事情，所以如果你还没有找到，要继续寻找。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据Bill

Gates，Harvard

University部分中They

are

making

it

possible

not

just

for

national

governments，but

for

universities，smaller

organizations，and

even

individuals

to

see

problems，see

approaches

and

deal

with

the

world's

inequities

（不公平）

like

hunger，poverty，and

so

on.

（它们不仅使国家政府，也使大学、较小的组织，甚至个人能够看到问题，看到方法，处理世界上的不平等，如饥饿、贫困等）可推知，Bill

Gates建议个人也要看到世界存在的问题，并看到方法去处理解决这些问题，即个人合力解决世界上的问题。故选C。

（4）目的意图题。根据第一段You

may

be

familiar

with

the

following

famous

people，but

have

you

heard

of

their

graduation

s