孔子的教育思想英文

TheEducationalThoughtsofConfucius目前一页\总数二十二页\编于二十点Introduction目前二页\总数二十二页\编于二十点BorninthevillageofZoninthecountryofLuin551BCDiedin479BCPosition:ThefirsteducatorofprivateschoolMaindoctrine——Ren目前三页\总数二十二页\编于二十点·FounderoftheConfucianschoolandConfucianism·SymbolofChineseculture·Thinker·Educator·Statesman·Philosopher目前四页\总数二十二页\编于二十点ConfuciusisfamousforhisphilosophybecausehemademanywisesayingsinancientChinathathelpedmanypeoplelearnaboutnature,theworld,andthehumanbehavior.目前五页\总数二十二页\编于二十点HeestablishedfirstprivateschoolinChinaandacceptedthestudentsfromeverywhere.Subjects:Manners,Music,Literature,Riding,ArcheryandMathematics(礼，乐，射，御，书，数）Hehave3000students.Amongthem,72becamefamousscholars.目前六页\总数二十二页\编于二十点TheAnalectsisthesinglemostimportantbookinthehistoryofChina,whichexpressaphilosophy,oramoralcode,bywhichConfucius,oneofthemosthumanethinkersofalltime,believedeveryoneshouldlive.AnenduringclassicofChineseculture,TheAnalectshasinfluencedallthinkers,writersandpoliticiansintheover2,000-year-longhistoryofChinaafterConfucius.Noscholarcouldtrulyunderstandthislong-standingcultureortheinnerworldoftheancientChinesewithoutthisbook.TheAnalects目前七页\总数二十二页\编于二十点Philosophy目前八页\总数二十二页\编于二十点仁Humanity智Knowledge义Knowledge信Knowledge礼KnowledgeBenevolence,tobehumanity,mercyandkindness;Justness,toberighteousnessRituals,customandlow,tobepoliteWisdom,tobeknowledgeableandwelleducatedRoyalty,faithful,reliable,accountable,responsible,creditable目前九页\总数二十二页\编于二十点I

will

not

be

afflictedatmen's

not

knowing

me;

I

will

be

afflicted

that

I

do

not

know

men.不患人之不己知，患不知人也Whatonedoesnotwishforoneself,oneoughtnottodotoanyoneelse;whatonerecognizesasdesirableforoneself,oneoughttobewillingtogranttoothers."目前十页\总数二十二页\编于二十点Thepersonsbeingcultivated,thefamilieswereregulated.身修而后家齐Thefamiliesbeingregulated,theStateswererightlygoverned.家齐而后国治TheStatesbeingrightlygoverned,theentireworldwasatpeace.国治而后天下平目前十一页\总数二十二页\编于二十点EducationalThoughts目前十二页\总数二十二页\编于二十点ConfuciuswasChina'sfirsteducator.Hetaughtstudentsallhislife,andputforwardmanyimportanteducationalprinciplesandeffectiveteachingmethods.Heheldthatallmenwereeducable,becausebynaturemenwerequitealike,andtheyweremadedifferentbylearningandpractice.He

wasthefirstfigureinChinesehistorytoinitiateeducation.Hebelievedthebasicgoalofeducationwastocultivate"personsofvirtue",whoshouldhavesoundcharacterandupliftedminds.目前十三页\总数二十二页\编于二十点Thiswasinhisdayanepoch-makingview,becauseitmeantthatnotonlythenobles，butpeopleofallotherclasses，wereentitledtoreceiveeducation.Histeachingmethodsincludedtheelicitingmethod,givinginstructionsaccordingtostudents'peculiarities,andcombiningtheorywithrealityandpractice.Todeepenhisstudents,understanding,hediscussedwiththemrealpeopleandeventsofearliertimesandhisday,expressinghisownviews,makinganalys,pointingouttheirstrengthsandweaknesses,andurginghisstudentstoweighanddecideissues.目前十四页\总数二十二页\编于二十点Educationtarget：thefirstpersontoopenaprivateschooltocommonpeopleCoursecontentmorality,properspeech,government,therefinedartsPedagogicalmethods:Heposesquestions,orusesaptanalogies,andwaitsforhisstudentstoarriveattherightanswers.Educationgoal:tocreatesuperiormen目前十五页\总数二十二页\编于二十点Topreferitisbetterthanonlytoknowit.Todelightinitisbetterthanmerelytopreferit.Whatyouknow,youknow,whatyoudon‘tknow,youdon’tknow.Thisisknowledge.知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。目前十六页\总数二十二页\编于二十点Inteachingpeople,thereisnodiscrimination(ofclass,type,etc.)Reviewingwhatyouhavelearnedandlearninganew,youarefittobeateacher.Learningwithoutsatiety,instructingotherswithoutbeingwearied.If

a

man

in

the

morninghear

the

right

way,

he

may

die

in

the

evening

without

regret.目前十七页\总数二十二页\编于二十点ZiGongasked:“WhywasKongWenZicalled‘Wen’?”Confuciusreplied:“Hewasquickanddevotedtolearning,andnotashamedtoaskedthosebelowhim.Thatiswhyheiscalled‘Wen’”.子贡问曰：“孔文子何以谓之‘文’也？”子曰：“敏而好学，不耻下问，是以谓之‘文’也。”目前十八页\总数二十二页\编于二十点Influence目前十九页\总数二十二页\编于二十点叁TheConfucianthoughtshaveawideinfluenceinallthenationsofEastAsia.InKoreaandJapan,ethicandetiquettehavebeenundertheinfluenceoftheConfucianviewpointssuchashumanity,justiceandetiquette,etc.Theinfluenceisstillquite