小学英语语法冠词练习

一、 定 义冠词是一种虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面(相当于名词的帽子) ，帮助指明名词的含义。二 、分 类共3类：定冠词 不定冠词 零冠词三、用法1、定冠词的用法a、an与数词one同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前，而an则用于元音音素前。(1)表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,经常用在第一次提到某人或某物时，用不定冠词起介绍作用，表示一个。Igavehimabookyesterday我昨天给了他一本书Iamreadinganinterestingstory.我在读一则有趣的故事。(2)表示人或事物的某一种类，强调整体，即以其中的一个代表一类。Ahorseisusefultomankind.马对人类有用。⑶不定冠词用在事物的"单位"前，如时间，速度，价格等意义的名词之前，表示"每一"。Weoftengotoschooltwotimesaday.我们常常一天两次去学校。Iwenttothelibraryonceaweekatleast.(4)不定冠词用来指某人某物，但不具体说明任何人或任何物。Aboycametoseeyouamomentago.I刚才有一^个小孩来找你。(5)在序数词前表示"又一;再一"时。如：Iwanttoreadthestoryasecondtime我想再读一遍这篇小说。(6)表示不特定的“某一个"时。如：AMr.Smithiscallingonthephone.有一位史密斯先生来电话找你。(7)在特定的短语里表示特定的含义，与不可数名词连用，如：haveagoodtime过得高兴(8)一日三餐前有修饰语时。如：-Mum,whatshallwehaveforlunch?-Jiaozi.-Oh,whatawonderfullunch!Ienjoyitverymuch.(9)在形容词最高级前表示"非常"时。如：LessonNineisamostdifficultlesson,butitisn'tthemostdifficultOne.(10)不定冠词用于某些词组中。alittle/afew/alot/atypeof/apile/agreatmany/manya/asarule/inahurry/inaminute/inaword/inashortwhile/afterawhile/haveacold/haveatry/keepaneyeon/allofasudden2.定冠词的用法定冠词the与指示代词this,that,these,those同源，有哪(这)个…这(那)些”的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。以下为必须加定冠词的情形⑴在表示双方都明白的人或物的名词之前：Takethemedicine.把药吃了。(2)在上文提到过的人或事的名称之前：Heboughtahouse.I'vebeentothehouse.他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。(3)在指世上独一无二的事物的名词之前：thesun，thesky，themoon，theearth(4)与单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：Thefoxiscunning狐狸是狡猾的。(5)与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：therich富人;theliving生者。(6)用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only，very，same等前面：Wheredoyoulive?Iliveonthesecondfloor.你住在哪？我住在二层。That'stheverythingthatIneed那正是我需要的东西。⑺在表示"…世纪…年代”的结构之前HebegantolearnRussianinthe1950s.他在20实际50年代开始学俄语。但注意:inone's50s意为"在某人五十多岁时"。如：Helookedquitehealthythoughhewasinhis80s.⑻在比较级的两种句型中：①表示"越......,就越......"时。如:Thelighter,thebetter.越轻越好。②表示"两者中比较……"时，用定冠词。如：Therearetwobooksonthetable.Ilikethethickerone.(9)用在"动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位名称"的结构中(注意:介词常用in/on/by)。如：Theballhitmeontheback.球打中了他的头。(10)在表示"计量单位”的可数名词前(注意:介词用by)。如：Theworkersarepaidbythehour/day/month.按月付给工人工资.(11)用在某些由普通名词构成的专有名词前：theGreatWall(长城)，thePeople's「合心人民公园)等。thePeople'sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国theUnitedStates美国(12)用在表示名词的乐器Sheplaysthepiano.她会弹钢琴.Thelittlegirllikestoplaytheviolin.小女孩喜欢拉小提琴。(13)定冠词用在文艺活动，运动场所的名称前。Theyaregoingtothecinematonight.他们今晚要去影院看电影。(14)用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：theGreens格林一家人(或格林夫妇)(15)在方位名词之前 ，如：inthewestonthewest(16)在某些短语中intheday,inthemorning(afternoon,evening),thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,thenextmorning,inthesky(water，field，country)inthedark,intherain,inthedistance,inthemiddle(of),intheend,onthewhole,bytheway,gotothetheatre3、零冠词(不用定冠词)⑴在物质名词前，如：Waterisveryimportant.水是非常重要的。⑵在抽象名词前，如：Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败乃成功之母。⑶复数名词表示人或物的种类时，如：Doctorscurepatients.医生治病救人.Thosepeopleareteachers,notstudents.这些人是老师，不是学生.(4)在有关游戏的名词前，如：Doyouliketoplaychess?你喜欢下棋吗？⑸ffiHby+交通工具”的短语里，如：Shallwewalkorgobybus?我们乘车还是步行？(6)在国名，人名和地名前通常不用定冠词，如：England，Mary；(7)在年份、季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词；WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.我们从星期一到星期五都上课。⑻在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词；TheguardstooktheAmericantoGeneralLee.士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。(9)在三餐、球类运动的名称前，不加冠词。如：havebreakfast，playchess(10)在某些固定词组中，是否有冠词，意义不同。如：inhospital住院，inthehospital在医院里inbed在卧床，inthebed在床上infrontof在……(外)前面，inthefrontof在……(内)前部gotohospital 去医院看病gotothehospital去医院(并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)Passage4.AnhonestboyTonyissevenyearsold.Heisanhonestandpoliteboy.Oneday,itwasSunday.Tony,hissisterandhismotherstayedathome.HewaswatchingTVandhissisterwasreadingbooks.Hismotherwaswashingclothes.Justthen,hisfathercamebackwithabagofpears.Tonylikespearsverymuchandhewantedtoeatone.Hismothergavehimfourandsaid,"Let,ssharethem.”“Whichpeardoyouwant,Tony?”askedhismother.“Thebiggestone,mum.”“What?”saidhismother,“Youshouldbepoliteandwantthesmallestone.”“ShouldItellaliejusttobepolite,mum?”I.在下列句子的空格中填上a,an或者the,不需要的地方用“/”表示：Thisisoldmap.Itisusefulmap.WehavenoclassesinafternoononSaturday.

spaceshipfliesataboutelevenkilometerssecond.BeijingiscapitalofChina.Itisbeautifulcity.Romanwasnotbuiltinday.ChineseisquitedifficultlanguageforMike.Manystudentswilltakeactivepartinsportsmeet.Thereisinterestingpictureonwall.Jennyfoundwalletlyingonground.walletwasMr.Black,s.Whichisbiggest,sun,moon,orearth?---Whichpictureismorebeautiful?---oneonleft,Ithink.---Whichiswaytohospital?---Godownthisroadandturnleftonsecondcrossing.more,better.Turnersaresittingatbreakfasttable.JoeHillwasfighterforworkingclass.WhenwasPeople,sRepublicofChinafounded?InChinafirstEnglishtextbookswerepublishedinlatenineteenthcentury.Afterbreakfasthewenttoschoolonfoot..HuangheRiverliesin.HelikesplayingII.单项选择：.上学 A.gotoschool.住院 A.inthehospital.此刻 A.atthemoment.在课堂上A.inclassnorthofChina.football.HissisterlikesplayingB.gototheschoolB.inahospitalB.atamomentB.inaclasspiano.C.gotoaschoolC.inhospitalC.atmomentC.intheclass.在地球上A.onearth.步行A.onfoot.吃饭A.atatable.乘公共汽车A.takebus.在家A.atthehome.在工作A.atwork.跳高A.jumphigh.坐飞机A.byair.乘火车A.bythetrain.在校学习A.intheschool.睡觉A.gotobed.感冒A.haveacold.乘船A.byship.玩得痛快A.havegoodtimesB.onanearthB.onthefootB.atthetableB.bybusB.atahomeB.attheworkB.highjumpB.bytheairB.bytrainB.inschoolB.gotothebedB.havethecoldB.onshipB.haveagoodtime19.事实上 A.inthefactB.infacts21.从早到晚A.frommorningtotheeveningC.fromamorningtoaneveningIII.选择填空：Thereisoldwomaninthecar.A./ B.the C.aShanghaiisineastofChina.A./ B.an C.theC.ontheearthC.onfeetC.attableC.bythebusC.athomeC.atworksC.thehighjumpC.onairC.ontrainC.inschoolsC.gotoabedC.havecoldC.byashipC.havegoodtimesC.infactB.frommorningtoeveningD.anD.aBillisEnglishteacher.Helikesplayingfootball.A.a,theB.an,theC.a,/D./,/A.a,theB.an,theC.a,/D./,/Themuseumisquitefar.Itwilltakeyouhalfhourtogotherebybus.A.an,/ B.an,a C.a,/D./,/Thestoryisinteresting.Thatmeansitisinterestingstory.A.an,the B.the,a. C./,anD./,aLet,sgoforwalk,shallwe?A.a B.an C.theD./Thisisinterestingstory-bookanditisalsousefulone.A.a,a B.an,an C.an,aD.a,anwomanoverthereispopularteacherinourschool.A.A,an B.The,a C.The,theD.A,theTheypassedourschooldaybeforeyesterday.A.an B.one C.aD.theAustraliaisEnglish-speakingcountry.A.a B. an C. the D./Don’tplaybasketballhere.Itfsdangerous.A.a B. an C. / D.theThisisapple.Itfsbigapple.A.an,a B.a,the C.a,anD.an,the---Haveyouseenbag?Ileftitherejustnow.---Isitoneonthechairnearthedoor?A.a,a B.the,the C.a,theD.the,aIhavebluecoat.A.a B.an C.theD.someThisisorange.orangeisonthetable.

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A.a,theB.a,aC.an,theD.The,/A.a,theB.a,aC.an,theD.The,/tallmanoverthereisourEnglishteacher.A.A,the B.The,aC.A,an D.The,/1.在空格内填上a或erestingbook14.easyquestion15.orangedress16applepie17X-raymachine18.icecream2用a,an,the或“/”填空.WashingtoniscapitalofUnitedStatesofAmerica..Thereis"A"onhispaper.3.Iateapple.Itfsredapple.4.tallmanoverthereismyboss.5.earthmovesaroundsun.6.Nonewsisgoodnews.7.HaveyouvisitedGreatWall?.Theyoftenplayfootballafterschool..Childrenneed loveandattention..Arethereanybirdsinsky?.studentinthethirdrowistallestinourclass..Didyouhave breakfastthismorning?.Mr.WhitewillgotoTokyobyair..Byway,doyouknowoldwomaninglasses?3.选择填空.Momtellsherlittledaughteroldstoryeverynight.A.AB./C.anD.puteronthetableisSusan,s.A.AB.AnC.TheD./.Thereismapoftheworldonwall.mapismine.A.a,a,AB.a,the,TheC.the,the,TheD.the,the,A.Whitesliveonfloor.A./,threeB.A,thirdC.The,thirdD.The,thethird.Springcomesaf