高校英语专业四级考试阅读理解与完形填空-课程中心

高校英语专业四级考试•阅读理解与完形填空

Test1

完形填空（一）

宏观上处理好篇章与空格之间的关系

完形填空的测试目的是测试学生运用语言的综合能力。完形填空的考试重点是上下文的联系

和短语结构的搭配关系。由于考试时间紧，许多考生在回答这部分题的时候，往往不

顾整个篇章的结构、大意或文体，一开始就把注意力放在空格选项上，孤立地研究单个选项

,这就脱离了文章整体，答题的准确率也会大受影响。

因此，要做好这部分试题考生首先必须大体理解篇章的主要内容、逻辑关系，从而判断出作

者的意图及归纳或演绎的思路；另外，考生在答题之前，还要对文章的文体有所了解，这有

利于考生根据不同的文体对不同的或相近的选项做出正确的选择。如文学材料、科普文章、

新闻报道等由于文体上的不同，它们在用词和句子结构上都有所不同。请看下面例子：

Vitaminsareorganiccompoundsnecessaryinsmallamountsinthedietforthe

normalgrowthandmaintenanceoflifeofanimals,includingman.

Theydonotprovideenergy,___1___dotheyconstrue

torbuildanypartof

thebody.Theyareneededfor2foodsintoenergyandbodymaint

enance.

Therearethirteenormoreofthem,andif3___ismissing,adefi

ciencydiseasebecomes___4___.

1.A.eitherB.soC.norD.never

2.A.shiftingB.transferring

C.alteringD.transforming

3.A.anyB.some

C.anythingD.something

4.A.seriousB.apparentC.severeD.fatal

通读全文后可知，这是一篇有关科普知识的短文，一般来说科普知识文章以客观陈

述为突出特点，用词比较正式，句子结构比较严密，因此在选择时要在宏观上考虑

到这些因素。比如第四空，从科学常识可知，缺乏任何一种维生素都不至于使疾病

严重（serious）、致命（fatal）,故应排除选项A和I）。severe（严厉的）不能用来修饰疾

病。因此，选Bapparent既合乎句意，搭配又得当。

另外，完形填空的空格没有任何一个是孤立地存在的，必须把它们放在文章的

语言环境中进行逐个推敲，同时利用自己对各种材料描写、陈述内容的了解，作出正确选择。

PARTI[15MIN.1

Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldcorrectlycompletethepassageif

insertedinthecorrespondingblanks.Markthecorrectchoiceforeachblankon

yourANSWERSHEET.

TheUnitedStatesiswel1knownforitsnetworkofmajorhighwaysde

signedtohelpadrivergetfromoneplacetoanotherintheshortestpossiblet

ime.___1_thesewidemodernroadsaregenerally____2__

andwellmaintained,with___3___sharpcurvesandstraightsections,

adirectrouteisnotalwaysthemost___4___one.Largehighwaysoft

enpass___5___scenicareasandinterestingsmalltowns.Furthermore

,thesehighwaysgenerally6largeurbancenters,whichmeanst

hattheybecomecrowdedwith___7___trafficduringrushhours,____8___theufast,

direct”routebecomesaveryslowroute.

However,thereisalmostalwaysanotherroutetotake___9___youare

notinahurry.Notfarfromthe10new“superhighways”,the

reareoftenolder,___11___heavilytraveledroadswhichgothrough

thecountryside.12___ofthesearegoodtwolaneroads;othersa

reunevenroadscurvingthroughthecountry.Thesesecondaryroutesmaygoupst

eepslopes,alonghigh___13___,ordownfrighteninghillsidetotown

s___14___indeepvalleys.Throughtheselessdirectroutes,longer

andslower,theygenerallygotoplaces15theairiscleanand

sceneryisbeautiful,andthedrivermayhaveachancetogetafresh,cleanvi

ewoftheworld.

1.A.AlthoughB.SinceC।.BecauseD.Therefore

2.A.stableB.splendidC.smoothD.complicated

3.A.littleB.fewC.miuchD.many

4.A.terribleB.possibleC.enjoyableD.profitable

5.A.toB.into1C.over，D.by

6.A.leadB.connectC.collectD.communicate

7.A.largeB.fastC.highD.heavy

8.A.whenB.forC.butD.that

9.A.unlessB.ifC.asD.since

10.A.relativelyB.regularlyC.respectivelyD.reasonably

11.A.andB.lessC.moreD.or

12.A.AllB.SeveralC.LotsD.Some

13.A.rocksB.cliffsC.roadsD.paths

14.A.lyingB.layingC.laidD.lied

15.A.thereB.whenC.whichD.where

PARTII

[30MIN.]

SECTIONA[25MIN.]

Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyfifteenque

stionsorunfinis

hedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseth

eonethatyouthinkisthecorrectanswer.

MarkyourchoiceonyourANSWERSHEET.

TEXTA

BeforethemidI860's,theimpactoftherailroadsintheUnitedState

swaslimited,inthesensethatthetracksendedatthisMissouriRiver,approx

imatelythecenterofthecountry.Atthepointthetrainsturnedtheirfreight,

mail,andpassengersovertosteamboats,wagons,andstagecoaches.Thismeantt

hatwagonfreighting,stagecoaching,andsteamboatingdidnotcometoanendwhe

nthefirsttrainappeared;rathertheybecamesupplementsorfeeders.Eachnew

“endoftrack“becameacenterforanimaldrawnorwaterbornetransportatio

n.Themajoreffectoftherailroadwastoshortenthedistancethathadtobec

overedbytheolder,slower,andmorecostlymeans.Wagonfreighterscontinuedo

peratingthroughoutthe1870'sand1880'sandintothe1890's.Althoughovercon

stantlyshrinkingroutes,andcoachesandwagonscontinuedtocrisscrosstheWes

twherevertheraiIshadnotyetbeenlaid.Thebeginningofamajorchangewas

foreshadowedinthelaterI860's,whentheUnionPacificRailroadatlastbegan

tobuildwestwardfromtheCentralPlainscityofOmahatomeettheCentralPaci

ficRailroadadvancingeastwardfromCaliforniathroughtheformidablebarriero

ftheSierraNevada.AlthoughPresidentAbrahamLincolnsignedtheoriginalPaci

ficRailroadbillin1862andarevised,financiallymuchmoregenerousversion

in1864,littleconstructionwascompleteduntil1865ontheCentralPacificand

1866ontheUnionPacific.TheprimaryreasonwasskepticismthataRailroadbu

iltthroughsochallengingandthinlysettledastretchofdesert,mountain,and

semiaridplaincouldpayaprofit.Inthewordsofaneconomist,thiswasacas

eofuprematureenterprise^,wherenotonlythecostofconstructionbutalso

theveryhighriskdeterredprivateinvestment.IndiscussingthePacificRailr

oadbill,thechairofthecongressionalcommitteebluntlystatedthatwithoutg

overnmentsubsidynoonewouldundertakesounpromisingaventure;yetitwasa

nationalnecessitytolinkEastandWesttogether.

16.TheauthorreferstotheimpactofrailroadsbeforethelateI860's

as“limited“because___.

A.thetrackdidnottakethedirectroutefromonecitytothenext

B.passengersandfreighthadtotransfertoothermodesoftransportatio

ntoreachwesterndestinations

C.passengerspreferredstagecoaches

D.railroadtravelwasquiteexpensive

17.Whatcanbeinferredaboutcoachesandwagonfreightersastherailro

adexpanded?

A.Theydevelopedcompetingroutes.

B.Theirdriversrefusedtoworkfortherailroads.

C.Theybegantospecializeinprivateinvestment.

D.Therewereinsufficientnumbersoftrainedpeopletooperatethem.

18.WhydoestheauthormentiontheSierraNevadainline17?

A.ToarguethatamoredirectroutetotheWestcouldhavebeentaken

B.ToidentifyahistoricallysignificantmountainrangeintheWest.

C.Topointoutthelocationofaserioustrainaccident.

D.Togiveanexampleofanobstaclefacedbythecentralpacific.

19.Theword,subsidy”inline27isclosestinmeaningto_______.

A.persuasionB.financingC.explanationD.penalty

TEXTB

Certainlynocreatureintheseaisodderthanthecommonseacucumbe

r.Alllivingcreature,especiallyhumanbeings,havetheirpeculiarities,bute

verythingaboutthelittleseacucumberseemsunusual.Whatelsecanbesaidabo

utabizarreanimalthat,amongothereccentricities,eatsmud,feedsalmostcon

tinuouslydayandnightbutcanlivewithouteatingforlongperiods,andcanbe

poisonousbutisconsideredsupremelyediblebygourmets?

Forsomefiftymillionyears,despiteallitseccentricities,theseacucumberh

assubsistedonitsdietofmud.Itisadaptableenoughtoliveattachedtoroc

ksbyitstubefeet,underrocksinshallowwater,oronthesurfaceofmudflat

s.CommonincoolwateronbothAtlanticandPacificshores,ithastheability

tosuckupmudorsandanddigestwhatevernutrientsarepresent.

Seacucumberscomeinavarietyofcolors,rangingfromblacktoreddishbrow

ntosandcolorandnearlywhite.Oneformevenhasvividpurpletentacles.Usu

allythecreaturesarecucumbershaped—hencetheirname-andbecausetheyar

etypicallyrockinhabitants,thisshape,combinedwithflexibility,enablesthe

intosqueezeintocreviceswheretheyaresafefrompredatorsandoceancurrents

Althoughtheyhavevoraciousappetites,eatingdayandnight,seacucumbershave

thecapacitytobecomequiescentandliveatalowmetabolicrate一feedingspa

ringlyornotatal1forlongperiods,sothatthemarineorganismsthatprovide

theirfoodhaveachancetomultiply.Ifitwerenotforthisfaculty,theywou

Iddevourallthefoodavailableinashorttimeandwouldprobablystarvethems

elvesoutofexistence.

Butthemostspectacularthingabouttheseacucumberisthewayitdefendsits

elf.Itsmajorenemiesarefishandcrabs,whenattacked,itsquirtsallitsint

ernalorgansintowater.Italsocastsoffattachedstructuressuchastentacles

.Theseacucumberwilleviscerateandregenerateitselfifitisattackedorev

entouched;itwi11dothesameifthesurroundingwatertemperatureistoohigh

orifthewaterbecomestoopolluted.

20.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheshapeofseacucumbersimportant

?

A.Ithelpsthemtodigesttheirfood.

B.Ithelpsthemtoprotectthemselvesfromdanger.

C.Itmakesiteasierforthemtomovethroughthemud.

D.Itmakesthemattractivetofish.

21.Thefourthparagraphofthepassageprimarilydiscusses.

A.thereproductionofseacucumbers

B.thefoodsourcesofseacucumbers

C.theeatinghabitsofseacucumbers

D.threatstoseacucumbersJexistence

22.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthedefencemechanismsoftheseacucumber

?

A.Theyareverysensitivetosurroundingstimuli.

B.Theyarealmostuseless.

C.Theyrequiregroupcooperation.

I).Theyaresimilartothoseofmostseacreatures.

23.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTcauseaseacucumbertoreleaseits

internalorgansintothewater?

A.Atouch.B.Food.

C.Unusuallywarmwater.D.Pollution.

TEXTC

Humanbeingshaveusedtoolsforaverylongtime.Insomepartsoft

heworl

dyoucanstillfindtoolsthatpeopleusedmorethantwomillionyearsago.The

ymadethesetoolsbyhittingonestoneagainstanother.Inthisway,theybroke

offpiecesfromoneofthestones.Thesechipsofstonewereusuallysharpono

neside.Peopleusedthemforcuttingmeatandskinfromdeadanimals,andalso

formakingothertoolsoutofwood.Humanbeingsneededtousetoolsbecausethe

ydidnothavesharpteethlikeothermeateatinganimals,suchaslionsandti

gers.Toolshelpedpeopletogetfoodmoreeasily.

Workingwithtoolsalsohelpedtodevelophumanintelligence.Thehumanbrai

ngrewbigger,andhumanbeingsbegantoinventmoreandmoretoolsandmachines

.Thestonechipwasoneofthefirsttoolsthatpeopleused,andperhapsitis

themostimportant.Somescientistssaythatitwasthekeytosuccessofmankin

d.

Since1960anewkindoftoolhasappeared.Thisisthesiliconchip一a1ittlec

hipofsiliconcrystal.Itissmallerthanafingernail,butitcanstoremore

thanamillion“bits"ofinformation.Itisanelectronicbrain.Everyyearth

esechipsgetcleverer,buttheirsizegetssmaller,andtheircostgetsless.T

heyareusedinwatches,calculatorsandintelligentmachinesthatwecanusein

manyways.

Inthefuturewewillnotneedtoworkwithtoolsintheoldway.Machinesw

illdoeverythingforus.Theywilleventalkandplaygameswithus.Peoplewil

1haveplentyofsparetime.Butwhatwilltheydowithit?

Humanbeingsusedstonechipsformorethantwomillionyears,buthumanlif

echangedvery1ittleinthattime.Wehaveusedsiliconchipsforonlyafewye

ars,butlifeischangingfastereveryday.Whatwilllifebeliketwentyyears

fromnow?Whatwilltheworldbeliketwomillionyearsfromnow?

24.Thestonechipisthoughttobethemostimportanttoolbecauseit

A.wasoneofthefirsttools

B.developedhumancapabilities

C.ledtotheinventionofmachines

D.wascrucialtothedevelopmentofmankind

25.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorseemstosuggestthatlifeinfu

tureis______.

A.disastrousB.unpredictable

C.excitingD.colorful

TEXTD

Californiaisalandofvarietyandcontrast.Almosteverytypeofph

ysicallandfeature,sortofarcticicefieldsandtropicaljunglescanbefound

withinitsborders.Sharplycontrastingtypesoflandoftenlieveryclosetoo

neanother.

PeoplelivinginBakersfield,forinstance,canvisitthePacificOceanand

thecoastalplain,thefertileSanJoaquinValley,thearidMojaveDesert,andt

hehighSierraNevada,allwithinaradiusofabout100miles.Inotherareasit

ispossibletogosnowskiinginthemorningandsurfingintheeveningofthe

sameday,withouthavingtotravellongdistance.

ContrastaboundsinCalifornia.ThehighestpointintheUnitedStates(outs

ideAlaska)isinCalifornia,andsoisthelowestpoint(includingAlaska).Mo

untWhitney,14,494feetabovesealevel,isseparatedfromDeathValley,282fe

etbelowsealevel,byadistanceofonly100miles.Thetwoareashaveadiffer

enceinaltitudeofalmostthreemiles.

Californiahasdeep,clearmountainlakeslikeLakeTahoe,thedeepestinth

ecountry,butitalsohasshallow,saltydesertlakes.IthasLakeTulainyo,12

,020feetabovesealevel,andthelowestlakeinthecountry,theSaltonSea,2

36feetbelowsealevel.Someofitslakes,likeOwensLakeinDeathValley,are

notlakesatall:theyaredrieduplakebeds.

Inadditiontomountains,lakes,valleys,deserts,andplateaus,California

hasitsPacificcoastline,stretchinglongerthanthecoastlinesofOregonandW

ashingtoncombined.

26.WhichofthefollowingisthelowestpointintheUnitedStates?

A.LakeTulainyo.B.Mojavedesert.

C.DeathValley.D.TheSaltonSea.

27.WhereisthehighestpointintheUnitedStateslocated?

A.LakeTahoe.B.SierraNevada.

C.MountWhitney.D.Alaska.

28.HowfarawayisDeathValleyfromMountWhitney?

A.About3miles.B.Only100miles.

C.282feet.D.14,494feet.

29.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasbeingwithi

naradiusofabout100milesofBakersfield?

A.ThePacificOcean.

B.SanJoaquinVailey.

C.MojaveDesert.

D.OregonandWashington.

30.WhichstatementbestdemonstratesthatCaliforniaisalandofvariet

yandcontrast?

A.ThehighestlakeinCaliforniaisLakeTulainyo.

B.ItispossibletogosurfingandsnowskiinginsomepartsofCaliforn

iawithouthavingtotravellongdistance.

C.SierraNevada,SanJoaquinValley,MojaveDesertandthePacificOcean

allliewithinaradiusofabout100miles.

D.OwensLake,inDeathValley,isnotreallyalakeatall.

SECTIONBSKIMMINGANDSCANNING[5MIN.]

Inthissectiontherearefivepassagesfollowedbytenquestionsorunf

inishedstatements.Skimorscanthemasrequiredandthenmarkyouranswersony

ourANSWERSHEET.

TEXTE

Firstreadthefollowingquestion.

31.Thepurposeofthepassageisto.

A.describewaysofeliminatingmosquitolarvae

B.demonstratethegreatdifferencesamongkindsofmosquitoes

C.showreasonsforthehighsurvivalrateofmosquitoes

D.giveageneraldescriptionofmosquitodevelopment

NowreadTextEquicklyandmarkyouransweronyourANSWERSHEET.

Eachvarietyofmosquitohasitsfavoredkindofwateraccumulationfor

breeding,andalmosteveryimaginabletypeofstillwaterhasbeenusedbyat1

eastonekindofmosquitotolayitseggs.Aftertheeggshatch,thelarvaecont

inuetobecloselyassociatedwithwaterJssurfaceatthetailendsoftheirbod

ies.Becausethelarvaedevelopthisway,theyareneverfoundintheopenwater

oflakeswheretheywouldmerelyserveasfishfood,orinplaceswheretheywo

uldbedamagedbywaveactionorwatercurrents.

TEXTF

Firstreadthefollowingquestions.

32.Themainideaofthepassageis___.

A.howtoplaytennis

B.howtowinatennismatch

C.thegeneralintroductionofthegame

D.whatisagameintennis

33.Theauthordriveshispointhomeby.

A.givingthedetails

B.explainingstepbystep

C.offeringstrongproofs

D.makingvividdescriptions

NowreadTextFquicklyandmarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.

Let'stalkabouttennisbetweenjusttwoplayers.Youknowthatthetwoplay

ershitaballacrossthenet.Onesidemusthittheballsothattheotherplay

ercannothititbackoverthenet.Theballmuststaywithinthe1ines.Ifthe

firstplayercan'tdothis,theopponentgetsapoint.

Theplayersalwaysstopwhenonewinsapoint.Tostartplayagain,oneplay

erwillserve.Heorshethrowstheballintotheairandhitsit.Theballmust

crossthenetwithouthittingit.Theotherplayermusthitthebal1backacros

sthenetbeforeithitsthegroundtwice.Iftheballdoesn,thitthenetorth

egroundtwice,theplayerskeephittingitoverthenet.Thisgoesonuntilsom

eonemisses.

Aplayerneedsfourpointstowinagame.Ifbothplayershavethreepoints,

thenonemustgettwomorepointstogethertowin.Whenoneplayerwinssixgam

es,itiscalledaset.Ifeachsidewinsfivegames,thenonemustwintwomore

gamestogethertowintheset.Ifeachplayerwinssixgames,theyplayonemor

egameofsevenpoints.Amatchusuallyhasthreeorfivesets.

TEXTG

Firstreadthefollowingquestion.

34.WhileatLondonairports,youhavetopresentyourpasspor

tat.

A.thecarousel

B.theImmigrationHall

C.thecustoms

D.theArrivalsHall

NowreadTextGquicklyandmarkyouransweronyourANSWERSHEET.

ArrivingatLondonairports

Justfollowthesesimplestepsforatroublefreearrival.

FollowtheARRIVALSsignifyouareendingyourjourneyinLondonor

transferringtoaUKdomesticflight.

ThiswilltakeyoutotheImmigrationHal1whereyoumustpresentyour

passportandanynecessaryvisa/healthdocumentation.

AtHEATHROWairportproceeddownstairstoclaimyourbaggagefromthe

carouselindicatingyourflightnumber.AtGATEWICKairportproceed

downstairsintheNorthTerminaltoclaimyourbaggagefromthecarousel

indicatingyourflightnumber.Freetrolleysareavailableforyourbags.

ToclearcustomstaketheRedChannelifyouhavegoodstodeclareorthe

GreenChannelifyouhavenogoodstodeclare.

YouwillthenbeintheArrivalsHall.Fromhereyoucanobtaintransportin

to

centralLondon;transferbetweenGATEWICKandHEATHROWairportsand

transfertoUKdomesticflights.

TEXTII

Firstreadthefollowingquestions.

35.Thetotalamountofcookingtimeforeachvegetableis

A.4minutesforthepotatoesand10minutesforthecucumber

B.10minutesforthepotatoesand4minutesforthecucumber

C.4minutesforthecucumberand14minutesforthepotatoes

D.14minutesforthecucumberand4minutesforthepotatoes

36.Whichofthefollowingstatementsagreeswiththemenudirections?

A.Thedishisenoughtogoround.

B.Fourservingspoonsareneeded.

C.Thedishistobesharedbyfourpersons.

I).Fourguestscanhelpthemselvestothedish.

37.Accordingtothisrecipe,____.

A.parsley,saltandpepperaretobeaddedbyasprinkler

B.thedishhastobeproperlyseasonedwithsaltandpepper

C.parsleyisusedfordecoration

D.thedishmustbetossedtoeverybodyJstaste

NowreadTextHquicklyandmarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.

Recipe

PotatoesandCucumberwithParsley

2potatoes,about3/4pound

1cucumber,about3/4pound

1tablespoonbutter

1tablespoonfinelychoppedparsley

Saltandpeppertotaste

Peelthepotatoes.Splittheminhalflengthwise,thencutintoquarter

Putthepotatoesinasmallskilletwithwatertocover.Bringtotheboilan

dcookabout10minutes.

Meanwhilescrapethecucumber.Cutitinto11/2inchlengths.Cuteachlengt

hinhalf.

Whenthepotatoeshavecooked10minutes,addthecucumbers.Cookaboutfour

minutes.Drain.

Addthebuttertothevegetablesandtoss.Sprinklewithparsley,saltandpe

ppertotasteandserve.

Yielding:4servings.

TEXTI

Firstreadthefollowingquestions.

38.Howdoesastudentknowwhatthehomeworkassignmentsare?

A.Prof.Klammerannouncestheminclass.

B.Thestudent,readsthelistonthenextpage.

C.Prof.Klammergivesalisteveryweekinclass.

D.Thestudentgoestotheprofessorysofficeandasks.

39.Ifafreshmanthinksthathemightmajorinhistory,whatisthemaxi

mumlength

hispapercanbe?

A.Fifteenpages.B.Twentyfivepages.

C.Tenpages.D.Nomaximum.

40.IfastudentcannotseeProf.Klammerduringherofficehours,whats

houldhedo?

A.Seeherafterclass.

B.Callherathome.

C.Askanotherstudent.

D.Makeanappointmentwithher.

NowreadTextIquicklyandmarkyouranswersonyourANSWERSHEET.

COURSEOUTLINEFORHISTORY101,

DR.JANEKLAMMER

COURSE:History101INSTRUCTOR:Dr.JaneKlammer

uIntroductiontoAmericanOFFICE:305MarshallHall

History>,OFFICEHOURS:11.15〜12.30MWF

CLASS:363MarshallHall3.35-5.00TTh

10:10—11:00MWFOthertimesbyappointment

TELEPHONE:255-4786

TEXTBOOK:Green,RobertP.,TheAmericanTradition:AHistoryoftheUn

itedStates,CharlesE.MerrillpublishingCo.Columbus,Ohio1984(availableat

theCollegeBookstore)

COURSEREQUIREMENTS:

midtermexam:October1020%ofthefinalgrade

finalexam:December1040%ofthefinalgrade

termpaperdue:December1540%ofthefinalgrade

Attendanceisnotrequired,butyouareresponsibleforalltheinformation

givenintheclasslectures.InthelecturesIwilltalkaboutthechaptersint

hetextbookandothermaterialthatIchoosetosupplementthecourse.Theexams

wi11covera]1thisinformation.Therefore,Iadviseyoutocometotheclassa

smuchaspossible.Ifyouhavetomissaclass,besuretogettheclassnotes

fromanotherstudent.

Yourhomeworkassignmentsarelistedonthenextpage.Youaresupposedtor

eadthechapteraboutwhichIwillbelecturingbeforeyoucometoclass.Thisi

stomakesurethatyouunderstandasmuchaspossiblewhi1etakingnotesinmy

lectures.Bepreparedwhenyoucometoclass.Ifthereareanychangesintheas

signedhomeworkreadings,Iwillannouncetheminclass.

Thetermpaperis40percentofyourfinalgrade.Itshouldnotexceedfifte

enpages.(Anyonethinkingofmajoringinhistorymaywritetwentyfivepages.)

Beforethemidtermexamyouwillchoosethetopicforyourpaper.

Haveagoodsemester!

重点词汇

twolane:双车道

freight:货运

stagecoach:公共马车

waterborne:水运地，水上地

shrink:收缩

foreshadow:成为前兆；暗示；预示

skepticism:怀疑论

semiarid:半干旱的

deter:制止；使断念头

subsidy:补助金；津贴

bluntly:坦率地;率直地

unpromising:无前途的

seacucumber:海参

bizarre:奇异的

eccentricity:古怪；怪癖；古怪的行为

edible:可食用的

gourmet:美食家

subsist:生存，存在

tentacle:触须；触角

crevice:裂缝

predator:掠夺者；食肉动物

voracious:狼吞虎咽的；贪婪的

metabolic:变化的；新陈代谢的

quiescent:静止的；不动的

ratefeeding:供给饲料的

multiply:繁殖

squirt:喷出，溅出

siliconcrystal:硅晶体

eviscerate:取出内脏；取出精华部分

surf:冲浪

altitude:高度

abound：大量存在；充满

accumulation:累计；聚集物

hatch:孵化

larvae:幼虫

serve:发球

proceed:开始；进行下去

claim:认领；主张

carousel:（机场中的）行李传送带；马术比赛

toclearcustoms:通关

declare:申报

parsley:西芹

skillet:长柄浅锅

scrape:舌lj,擦

toss:颠炒

sprinkle:洒

yielding:产出

supplement:增补

参考答案及详解

1.A）此空四个选项都是从属连词，但是它们的属性是不同的，例

如:although是表示转折关系的;since,because,therefore是表示原因关系的。通过阅

读此空所在句得知大概句义为：“尽管这些宽阔的现代化公路通常很平坦且维护良好，转弯

也很少，但是一直保持笔直的公路不总是令人赏心悦目”。根据语义线索和语法线索可知此

空应填表示转折关系的选项Ao

2.C）根据词汇线索和词义搭配可知，stable,splendid>fllcomplicated

般不能用来修饰roadso

3.B）根据语义线索可推断此空正确答案为选项Bfewo

4.C）根据上下文可推测出如果高速公路总是保持笔直，对于驾驶者来说

是非常枯燥的，因此本空的正确答案为Cenjoyable。

5.D）介词by能和动词pass搭配，意为“经过，掠过”。

6.B）本句中的联系副词Furthermore说明本句是对上一句的进一步补充

和信息的增加，由此可推测本句句义为高速公路不仅经过风景区和乡村，通常还“将庞大的

都市中心区连接起来”。故正确答案为B。

7.D）“交通拥挤”用heavy和traffic搭配。

8.A）通过分析可知，这里使用的是一个非限定性定语从句，四个选项中只

有Awhen具备此语法功能。

9.B）根据上下句关系可推断此句为条件句，故选项B为正确答案。

10.A）根据主句中的“older...roads”可推断此空需要填一个

比较意义的副词，以构成时比关系，故选项Arelatively"相应地，相对地”为正确答案。

其他三词词义分别为：regularly"有规律地，定期地"；respectively"各自地";reaso

nably“有理由地”。

11.B）根据此空前后词及结构可断定此空应使用比较级，故可排除A和D。

另外根据上下文可推测此空应为less,因为"moreheavilytraveledn意为"车辆拥挤的

”公路，与常识不符。

12.D）从下文的others可知此空正确答案为Dsome。

13.B）根据上文的slopes和下文的hillsides就可以断定这里需要一个表示

路况不好的词，选项Arocks意义不符，故只有Bcliffs“悬崖”为正确答案。

14.A）根据题目和选项可断定此空应为towns的后置定语，由此可猜测句义

为“位于深谷中的城镇”，“位于"lie是不及物动词，不能以过去分词的形式出现作名词

的后置修饰语，故正确答案为lie的现在分词形式lying„

15.D）定语从句修饰places用where来引导。

16.B）根据文章前五句可知，在十九世纪六十年代晚期前铁路在美国的影

响是有限的“

limited”，当时铁路只从美国东部修到了美国中部，运到美国西部地区的货物只有在铁路

的尽头“endoftrackM改用其他的运输方式，比如：汽船、马车等，它们的运输效率

可

想而知。故选项B为正确答案。

17.D）这是一道推论题。可用排除法做此题。根据文章第六行至第七行“r

athertheybecamesupple