完整英语高考不规则动词过去式和过去分词

英语高考不规则动词变化 集中识记2017/1/20一、A—A—A型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共9个）cost—cost—costcut—cut—cuthit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurtlet—let—letput—put—putread—read—readset—set—setshut—shut—shut二、A—B—B型，即过去式、过去分词相同。（共41个）1过去式和过去分词都含有-ought.（3个）bring—brought—broughtbuy—bought—boughtthink—thought—thought2词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t0（4个）build—built—builtlend—lent—lentsend—sent—sentspend—spent—spent.过去式、过去分词都含有-aught.（2个）catch—caught—caughtteach—taught—taught.把-eep变为-ept0（3个）keep—kept—keptsleep—slept—sleptsweep—swept—swept把-ell变为-old0（2个）tell—told—toldsell—sold—sold.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt0（4个）smell—smelt—smeltspell—spelt—speltfeel—felt—feltspill—spilt—spilt.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t0（3个）learn—learnt—learntmean——meant——meantspoil—spoilt—spoilt8.过去式、过去分词词尾是d0（4个）say—said—saidpay—paid—paidlay—laid—laidhear—heard—heard.改变元音字母。（11个）meet——met——metget—got—gotsit—sat—satfind—found—foundhold—held—heldspit—spat—spatshine—shone—shonewin—won—wonhang—hung—hungdig—dug—duglose—lost—lost.改变辅音字母。（1个）make—made—made11改变元、辅音字母。（4个）leave—left—leftstand—stood—stoodhave（has）—had—hadunderstand—understood—understood三、A—B—C型，即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。（共35个）1i—a—u变化。（6个）begin—began—begundrink—drank—drunksing—sang—sungring—rang—rungswim—swam—swumsink—sank—sunk2词尾为-ow,-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n0（5个）blow—blew—blowndraw—drew—drawngrow——grew——grownknow—knew—knownthrow—threw—thrown（show除夕卜）3词尾为“i+辅（1个）+e”，过去式将i变为。，过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n0（4个）（give,hide除外）drive—drove—drivenwrite—wrote—writtenride—rode—riddenrise—rose—risen4过去分词在过去式后加（e）n°（5个）break—broke—brokenchoose——chose——chosenfreeze—froze—frozenspeak—spoke—spokenwake—woke—woken5过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。（1个）forget—forgot—forgotten6过去分词由原形加（e）n构成。（6个）be—was（were）—beeneat—ate—eatenfall—fell—fallengive—gave—givensee——saw——seenhide—hid—hidden（hid）7词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook，过去分词在原形词后加-n0（2个）take—took—takenmistake—mistook—mistaken8原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。（6个）do—did—donefly—flew—flowngo—went—gonelie—lay—lainshow—showed—shownwear——wore——worn四、A—A—B型，即过去式和原形相同。（1个）beat—beat—beaten五、A—B—A型，即过去分词和原形相同。（3个）come——came——comebecome—became—becomerun——ran——run六、情态动词型，只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。（4个）can—couldmay—mightwill—wouldshall—should文中6个动词的过去式和过去分词，还有一种规则变化形式。—不规则动词相对于规则动词来说，难记得多，是最难对付的一类词。学生难学，老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的，可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法，以期大家在攻克这一难关时，能收到事半功倍的效果。一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同：cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut（细心的你一定会发现，这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。）二、原形、过去式相同，过去分词不同：beat/beat/beaten三、原形、过去分词相同，过去式不同:come/come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/runcome,become,属不规则变化，但welcome属规则动词，其过去式、过去分词为：welcomed,welcomed四、过去式，过去分词相同：(1)去掉字母组合ee中的一个emeet/met/met feed/fed/fed(2)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加tfeel/felt/felt sleep/slept/sleptkeep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept(3)词尾为的ll去掉一个l加tspell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt(4)过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought(5)将stand改为stoodstand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood(6)将ay改为aidlay/laid/laidsay/said/said(6)将ay改为aidlay/laid/laidsay/said/said⑺将d改为tlend/lent/lentspend/spent/spentbuild/built/built(8)将i改为a,o,u等sit/sat/satwin/won/wondig/dug/dug(9)将ell改为01dtell/told/told(10)词尾加tlearn/learnt/learntdream/dreamt/dreamtpay/paid/paidsend/sent/sentspit/spat/spatsell/sold/soldmean/meant/meantspoil/spoilt/spoilt(11)有两种过去式和过去分词，一种是不规则的，一种是规则的learn/learnt/learntshine/shone/shonehang/hung/hungsmell/smelt/smelt(12)其它have(has)/had/hadshoot/shot/shotlearn/learnt/learntshine/shone/shonehang/hung/hungsmell/smelt/smelt(12)其它have(has)/had/hadshoot/shot/shotlearn/learned/learnedshine/shined/shinedhang/hanged/hangedsmell/smelled/smelledhear/heard/heardlose/lost/lostdrivedrive/drove/drivenrise/rose/risen(4)原形后加n变成过去分词drive/drove/driveneat/ate/eatengive/gave/given(5)过去式后加n变成过去分词break/broke/brokenfreeze/froze/frozensteal/stole/stolentake/took/taken(6)其它be/was或were/beenforget/forgot/forgottenhide/hid/hiddenwear/wore/wornhold/held/held get/got/got(AmEgotten)find/found/found make/made/madeleave/left/left五、三者均不同：(1)过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flowngrow/grew/grown know/knew/knownthrow/threw/thrown值得注意的是：show/showed/shown或showed draw/drew/drawn⑵改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunkring/rang/rung sing/sang/sungswim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunk⑶改i为。变成过去式，过去分词以n结尾write/wrote/writtenride/rode/riddenrise/rose/risenfall/fell/fallenchoose/chose/chosenmistake/mistook/mistakenspeak/spoke/spokenwake/woke/woken(或woke)do/did/donego/went/gonesee/saw/seen六、有两种过去式和过去分词，但词义相同。wake/woke/woken（或woke）wake/waked/wakedsink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义：shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词：shone/shone照耀 shined/shined擦亮hung/hung悬挂 hanged/hanged绞死八、两个既可以做过去式，又可以做动词原形的词lie躺卧lay/lain/lying（现在分词）lay放，下蛋laid/laid/layingfind找到、发现find/found/foundfound创建，成立found/founded/founded九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆(一)词义相对：come/came/come来 go/went/gone去give/gave/given给 get/got/got(AmEgotten)获得sleep/slept/slept睡觉 wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked醒来rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起 fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下，(使)下沉buy/bought/bought买 sell/sold/sold出售，卖take/took/taken带去 bring/brought/brought带来teach/taught/taught教 learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned学习、学会lose/lost/lost丢失、失败 find/found/found找至Uwin/won/won赢得、(获)胜stand/stood/stood站、立 sit/sat/sat坐send/sent/sent送、寄、发送 get/got/got(AmEgotten)获得、收到(二)、词义相近：beat/beat/beaten.打，打败win/won/won赢得、获胜understand/understood/understood懂，了解know/knew/known知道，了解，认识get/got/got(AmEgotten)变成、成为、变得become/became/become变成，成为，变得go/went/gone变成turn/turned/turned变成spend/spent/spent花费、度过pay/paid/paid支付、交纳cost/cost/cost花费、价值为take/took/taken花费say/said/said说、讲speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲tell/told/told告诉、说、吩咐、断定talk/talked/talked谈话，讲，谈论，议论①A-B-B型变化不定式过去式过去分词基本意义bendbentbent使变曲bringbroughtbrought带来；弓［起；产生buyboughtbought购买；采购catchcaughtcaught接住；抓住；赶上；染上dealdealtdealt分配；分给digdugdug挖(土)；掘地feelfeltfelt触摸(某物)；感觉到fightfoughtfought搏斗；奋斗；斗争；findfoundfound发现；找到；getgotgot/gotten收到；接到；得到；成为havehadhad有；吃；喝；进行；经受hearheardheard听见；听说；得知holdheldheld拿住；抓住；抱；举行keepkeptkept留下；保留；继续laylaidlaid放置；产（卵）leaveleftleft离开；把 留下；剩下learnlearntlearnedlearntlearned学；学习；获悉；得知lendlentlent借出；借给loselostlost失去；丧失；损失makemademade做；制作；制造；使得meetmetmet遇见；碰见；相遇babysitbabysatbabysat照顾婴儿paypaidpaid付钱；给 报酬不定式过去式过去分词基本意义saysaidsaid说，讲sellsoldsold卖；销售shineshoneshone发光；照耀；照射sitsatsat坐；就座sleepsleptslept睡，睡觉；睡着smellsmeltsmelt闻出；嗅；发出气味spendspentspent用（钱）；花（时间）；度过standstoodstood站立；直立；位于；经受teachtaughttaught教，教授；传授telltoldtold告诉；讲述；吩咐thinkthoughtthought想，思考，认为understandunderstoodunderstood懂；理解；领会winwonwon赢；获胜；赢得，获得buildbuiltbuilt建筑，建造feedfedfed喂养hanghunghung悬挂，吊sweepsweptswept打扫sendsentsent送，派shootshotshot射击spitspatspat吐（痰）spoilspoiltspoilt溺爱，损坏，破坏fleefledfled逃离leadledled引导；致便；领导misleadmisledmisled把…引错方向；给…带错路meanmeantmeant意思是•…②A-B-A型变化不定式过去式过去分词基本含义overcomeovercameovercome克服，战胜becomebecamebecome变为，成为comecamecome至U来；出现runranrun跑，奔跑；③A-B-C型变化不定式过去式过去分词基本含义Bewas/werebeen有；存在；是；成为beginbeganbegun开始blowblewblown吹，刮；吹响breakbrokebroken打破（断，碎）；损坏，撕开choosechosechosen选择，挑选，选取dodiddone做，干drinkdrankdrunk喝；饮drivedrovedriven驾驶（车）：驱赶eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen落下；跌落；变为flyflewflew飞；飞行；forgetforgotforgotten忘记；遗忘；忽视freezefrozefrozen（使）结冰；冷冻givegavegiven送给；授予；供给；gowentgone去；离去；行驶；通到；到达growgrewgrown变成；生长；发育；种植knowknewknown知道，懂得；了解；认识lielaylain躺；平卧；（指物）平放rideroderidden骑马、自行车等；搭乘ringrangrung（铃等）鸣响；打电话riseroserisen上升；上涨；起立seesawseen看见；察觉；领会showshowedshown/showed给 看；展出；表明shakeshookshaken颤抖singsangsung唱，唱歌speakspokespoken说话；会说（某语言）；发言stealstolestolen偷；窃取swimswamswum游水；游泳taketooktaken拿；服用；乘坐；花费throwthrewthrown投，抛，扔，掷wakewokewoken醒，醒来，叫醒wearworeworn穿，戴writewrotewritten写，书写；写作，著述forgiveforgaveforgiven原谅hidehidhidden/hid躲，藏divedovedived跳水sinksanksunk/sunken下沉④A-A-A型变化不定式过去式过去分词基本含义costcostcost价值为，花费；使付出cutcutcut切；割；剪；砍；削hurthurthurt使受伤痛；刺痛；伤害letletlet允许，让putputput放，摆；装入readreadread阅读，朗诵shutshutshut关上，封闭；紧闭；合拢upsetupsetupset使人不舒服betbetbet确信，打赌hithithit击中setsetset放置一、人一人一人型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共9个）cost—cost—costcut—cut—cuthit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurtlet—let—letput—put—putread—read—readset—set—setshut—shut—shut二、A—B—B型，即过去式、过去分词相同。（共41个）1过去式和过去分词都含有-ought.（3个）bring—brought—broughtbuy—bought—boughtthink—thought—thought2词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t0（4个）build—built—builtlend—lent—lentsend—sent—sentspend—spent—spent.过去式、过去分词都含有-aught.（2个）catch—caught—caughtteach—taught—taught.把-eep变为-ept0（3个）10keep—kept—keptsleep—slept—sleptsweep—swept—swept5把-ell变为-old0（2个）tell—told—toldsell—sold—sold.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt0（4个）smell—smelt—smeltspell—spelt—speltfeel—felt—feltspill—spilt—spilt.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t0（3个）learn—learnt—learntmean——meant——meantspoil—spoilt—spoilt.过去式、过去分词词尾是d0（4个）say—said—saidpay—paid—paidlay—laid—laidhear—heard—heard.改变元音字母。（11个）meet——met——metget—got—gotsit—sat—satfind—found—foundhold—held—heldspit—spat—spatshine—shone—shonewin—won—wonhang—hung—hungdig—dug—duglose—lost—lost.改变辅音字母。（1个）make—made—made11改变元、辅音字母。（4个）leave—left—leftstand—stood—stoodhave（has）—had—hadunderstand—understood—understood三、A—B—C型，即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。（共35个）1i—a—u变化。（6个）begin—began—begundrink—drank—drunksing——sang——sung1011ring—rang—rungswim—swam—swumsink—sank—sunk2词尾为-ow,-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n0（5个）blow—blew—blowndraw—drew—drawngrow——grew——grownknow—knew—knownthrow—threw—thrown（show除夕卜）3词尾为“i+辅（1个）+e”，过去式将i变为。，过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n0（4个）（give,hide除外）drive—drove—drivenwrite—wrote—writtenride—rode—riddenrise—rose—risen4过去分词在过去式后加（e）n°（5个）break—broke—brokenchoose—chose—chosenfreeze—froze—frozenspeak—spoke—spokenwake—woke—woken5过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。（1个）forget—forgot—forgotten6过去分词由原形加（e）n构成。（6个）be—was（were）-beeneat—ate—eatenfall—fell—fallengive—gave—givensee——saw——seenhide—hid—hidden（hid）7词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n0（2个）take—took—takenmistake—mistook—mistaken8原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。（6个）do—did—donefly—flew—flowngo—went—gonelie—lay—lainshow—showed—shownwear——wore——worn四、A—A—B型，即过去式和原形相同。（1个）beat—beat—beaten五、A—B—A型，即过去分词和原形相同。（3个）come——came——come12become—became—becomerun——ran——run六、情态动词型，只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。(4个)can—couldmay—mightwill—wouldshall—should文中6个动词的过去式和过去分词，还有一种规则变化形式。—不规则动词相对于规则动词来说，难记得多，是最难对付的一类词。学生难学，老师难教。幸好它们不是杂乱无章的，可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法，以期大家在攻克这一难关时，能收到事半功倍的效果。一、原形、过去式、过去分词相同：cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut(细心的你一定会发现，这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)二、原形、过去式相同，过去分词不同：beat/beat/beaten三、原形、过去分词相同，过去式不同：come/came/come become/became/becomerun/ran/runcome,become,属不规则变化，但welcome属规则动词，其过去式、过去分词为：welcomed,welcomed四、过去式，过去分词相同：(1)去掉字母组合ee中的一个emeet/met/met feed/fed/fed(2)去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加tfeel/felt/felt sleep/slept/sleptkeep/kept/kept sweep/swept/swept(3)词尾为的ll去掉一个l加tspell/spelt/spelt smell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt(4)过去式和过去分词以aught或ought结尾catch/caught/caught teach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought(5)将stand改为stoodstand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood(6)将ay改为aidlay/laid/laid pay/paid/paidsay/said/said⑺将d改为tlend/lent/lent send/sent/sentspend/spent/spent12

13build/built/built(8)将13build/built/built(8)将i改为a,o,u等sit/sat/satwin/won/wondig/dug/dug(9)将ell改为01dtell/told/told(10)词尾加tlearn/learnt/learntspit/spat/spatsell/sold/soldmean/meant/meantdream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoiltlearn/learnt/learntshine/shone/shonehang/hung/hungsmell/smelt/smelt(12)其它have(has)/had/hadshoot/shot/shothold/held/heldfind/found/foundleave/left/left五、三者均不同：learn/learn/learnt/learntshine/shone/shonehang/hung/hungsmell/smelt/smelt(12)其它have(has)/had/hadshoot/shot/shothold/held/heldfind/found/foundleave/left/left五、三者均不同：shine/shined/shinedhang/hanged/hangedsmell/smelled/smelledhear/heard/heardlose/lost/lostget/got/got(AmEgotten)make/made/made(1)过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾blow/blew/blown fly/flew/flowngrow/grew/grown know/knew/knownthrow/threw/thrown值得注意的是：show/showed/shown或showed draw/drew/drawn⑵改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词begin/began/begun drink/drank/drunkring/rang/rung sing/sang/sungswim/swam/swum sink/sank/sunkdrive/drove/drivenrise/rose/risen(4)原形后加ndrive/drove/drivenrise/rose/risen(4)原形后加n变成过去分词drive/drove/driveneat/ate/eatengive/gave/given(5)过去式后加n变成过去分词break/broke/brokenfreeze/froze/frozensteal/stole/stolentake/took/takenwrite/wrote/writtenride/rode/riddenrise/rose/risenfall/fell/fallenchoose/chose/chosenmistake/mistook/mistakenspeak/spoke/spokenwake/woke/woken(或woke)1314(6)其它be/was14(6)其它be/was或were/beenforget/forgot/forgottenhide/hid/hiddenwear/wore/worn六、有两种过去式和过去分词，wake/woke/woken(或woke)do/did/donego/went/gonesee/saw/seen但词义相同。wake/waked/wakedsink/sank/sunk sink/sunk/sunken七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义：shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词：shone/shone照耀 shined/shined擦亮hung/hung悬挂 hanged/hanged绞死八、两个既可以做过去式，又可以做动词原形的词lie躺卧lay/lain/lying(现在分词)lay放，下蛋laid/laid/layingfind找到、发现find/found/foundfound创建，成立found/founded/founded九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆(一)词义相对：come/came/come来 go/went/gone去give/gave/given给 get/got/got(AmEgotten)获得sleep/slept/slept睡觉 wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked醒来rise/rose/risen上升、上涨、升起 fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下，(使)下沉buy/bought/bought买 sell/sold/sold出售，卖take/took/taken带去 bring/brought/brought带来teach/taught/taught教 learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned学习、学会lose/lost/lost丢失、失败 find/found/found找至Uwin/won/won赢得、(获)胜stand/stood/stood站、立 sit/sat/sat坐send/sent/sent送、寄、发送 get/got/got(AmEgotten)获得、收到(二)、词义相近：beat/beat/beaten.打，打败win/won/won赢得、获胜understand/understood/understood懂，了解know/knew/known知道，了解，认识get/got/got(AmEgotten)变成、成为、变得become/became/become变成，成为，变得go/went/gone变成1415turn/turned/turned变成spend/spent/spent花费、度过pay/paid/paid支付、交纳cost/cost/cost花费、价值为take/took/taken花费say/said/said说、讲speak/spoke/spoken说、演讲tell/told/told告诉、说、吩咐、断定talk/talked/talked谈话，讲，谈论，议论①A-B-B型变化不定式过去式过去分词基本意义bendbentbent使变曲bringbroughtbrought带来；弓［起；产生buyboughtbought购买；采购catchcaughtcaught接住；抓住；赶上；染上dealdealtdealt分配；分给digdugdug挖（土）；掘地feelfeltfelt触摸（某物）；感觉到fightfoughtfought搏斗；奋斗；斗争；findfoundfound发现；找到；getgotgot/gotten收到；接到；得到；成为havehadhad有；吃；喝；进行；经受hearheardheard听见；听说；得知holdheldheld拿住；抓住；抱；举行keepkeptkept留下；保留；继续laylaidlaid放置；产（卵）leaveleftleft离开；把 留下；剩下learnlearntlearnedlearntlearned学；学习；获悉；得知lendlentlent借出；借给loselostlost失去；丧失；损失makemademade做；制作；制造；使得meetmetmet遇见；碰见；相遇babysitbabysatbabysat照顾婴儿paypaidpaid付钱；给 报酬不定式过去式过去分词基本意义saysaidsaid说，讲sellsoldsold卖；销售shineshoneshone发光；照耀；照射sitsatsat坐；就座sleepsleptslept睡，睡觉；睡着1516smellsmel