2023年1月研究生英语学位课程统考真题

1月硕士英语学位课统考真题PAPERONEPartI LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(15minutes,15points)SectionA(1pointeach)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhearnineshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversationaquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.ChoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.1.A.AnnlikesorangeT-shirtsbest.B.AnnhatestowearanorangeT-shirtinthedaytime.C.AnnwearsanorangeT-shirttokeepmosquitoesaway.D.Themandoesn'tlikeanorangeT-shirt.2.A.Toentertainhimself.B.Togotoothercountries.C.Tobecomemorevaluable.D.Tobroadenhismind.3.A.Heturnsadeafeartowhatthewomansaid.B.Heagreeswiththewoman.C.Hethinksthewomanisthoughtless.D.Hedoesn'tthinksheknowsthedirection.4.A.Thecarisnotbigenough.B.Thecarisnotgoodenough.C.Heonlypromisedtobuyasmallcar.D.Hecan'taffordtobuythecar.5.A.350,000.B.315,000.C.3,500,000.D.3,150,000.6.A.Hewillnottaketheshowerbeforethemeeting.B.Hewillnotgotothemeetingatall.C.Hewillhavetoattendthemeeting.D.Hewillbelateforthemeetingagain.7.A.Heisinabadmood.B.Heismoreefficientinwriting.C.Heenjoyshimselfmore.D.Hedoesn'tfeelcomfortable.8.A.Hegottoknowitfromgovernmentstatistics.B.HefoundthefactontheInternet.C.Helearneditfromagiftbook.D.Hegotthefactbystudyinginthelibrary.9.A.Hewillpersuadehisparents.B.Hewilllietohisparents.C.Hewillgowithouthisparents'permission.D.Hewillgosomewhereelsebeforegoingskiing.SectionB(1pointeach)Directions:Inthispartyouwillheartwoshorttalks.Attheendofeachtalk,therewillbesomequestions.Boththetalksandthequestionswillbereadtoyouonlyonce.Aftereachquestion,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.10.A.Howtotakecareoflittlebabies.B.Howtobecomequalifiedparents.C.Asingleparentshouldpaymoreattentiontothebaby'sdevelopment.D.Manyparentsdon'tknowhowtohelpbabiesdevelopinintelligence.11.A.Watchingthem.B.Holdingthem.C.Readingtothem.D.Playingwiththem.12.A.Thefirstfivemonths.B.Thefirstyear.C.Thefirstthreeyears.D.Thefirstfiveyears.13.A.Sheinvitededucationalreformerstoteachinherschool.B.SheinvitedteachersfromGermanytoworkinherschool.C.ShewenttoGermanytofindstaffforherschool.D.Sheaskedfamousscholarstoteachthestaffinherschool.14.A.29,670.B.29,617.C.29,760.D.29,716.15.A.Theyhelpedthepoorchildrenwithdonations.B.Theypersuadedthechildrentogotokindergartens.C.Theytaughtthemothershowtoteachtheirchildren.D.Theytaughtchildrensongs,poemsandgames.SectionC(1pointeach)Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearatalk.Completethesentenceandanswerthequestionsbelow.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Attheendofthetalktherewillbea3-minutepause,duringwhichtimeyouareaskedtowritedownyouranswersbrieflyontheAnswerSheet.Younowhave25secondstoreadthequestionsorsentencesbelow.(请在录音结束后把16－20题旳答案抄在答题纸上)16.WhatwastheoccupationoftheadvocatoroftheMetropolitanMuseumofArt?Alawyer17.WhereisthepresentlocationoftheMetropolitanMuseumofArtinNewYorkCity?InCentralParkonFifth(5th)Avenue18.Whyhaveanothersixadditionalwingsbeenbuiltsince1975?Tohousethemuseum’sgrowingcollections19.Themuseumhascollectedmorethanthreemillionobjectsineveryknownartisticmedium.20.Besidesbeingatouristattractionandaneducationalinstitution,themuseumalsoservesasaplacefor(advanced)research(project).PartIIVOCABULARY(10minutes,10points)SectionA(0.5pointeach)Directions:Therearetenquestionsinthissection.Eachquestionisasentencewithonewordorphraseunderlined.BelowthesentencearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasethatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedone.MarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet. 21.Inspiteoftheeffortsofthoseindustriousfarmers,thelocaleconomyisfarfromdevelopedduetoisolation,A.capable B.ingenious C.innovative D.hard-working22.BecauseofthestruggleputupbytheWomen'sLib,manywomenhavefoundgoodcareers.A.initiated B.proposed C.supported D.terminated23.Theperformanceofthesenewemployeeswillhighlighttheroleofpositivethinking.A.confirm B.emphasize C.enhance D.enlighten24.Ourfamilystoodinsilenceforaminutelookingattheamazinglybeautifulphotographofahumanflag.A.surprisinglyB.indescribablyC.permanently D.uniquely25.Thedecisiontostrengthenintelligencecollectionisexpectedtominimizemilitarycasualties.A.information B.intellect C.brain D.wisdom26.Tome,St.Francisembodiedtheidealblendofspiritualityandpublicservice.A.compositionB.mixture C.elaboration D.speculation27.Inthewakeofsuchfindings,severalstatesarerethinkingtheirplantoopenthesecamps.A.Basedon B.Preceding C.Following D.Targetedat28.Thestaggeringsumofmoneyinvestedinthisprojectfailedtoyieldthedesiredresult.A.fluctuating B.increasing C.diminishing D.overwhelming29.Itmademeaskquestionsaboutlife,deathandmortalitythatultimatelyhelpedmegetthroughthedisaster.A.decisively B.eventually C.somewhat D.somehow30.Atthatmomentthefirstideathatcametohermindwasthatadisasterwasaroundthecorner.A.comingtoanend B.stillintheairC.soontohappenD.outofthequestionSectionB(0.5pointeach)Directions:Therearetenquestionsinthissection.Eachquestionisasentencewithsomethingmissing.BeloweachsentencearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkthecorrespondingLetterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.31.Doyourchildrenworrythattheymightfeelpressuretoyourhero'simage?A.comeupwithB.liveupto C.catchupon D.addupto32.Intheworsttimesoflife,youhavetotakefulladvantageofthebeautifulthingsthat.A.comealong B.comeby C.comeacross D.cometo33.Beingcriticalanddictatorial,thebosswould discussionsandignorecommentsnotinagreementwithhis.A.facilitate B.illustrate C.illuminate D.dominate34.Andersonheldouthisarmstotheattack,butthesharkgrabbedhisrightforearmanddived.A.turnoff B.wardoff C.triggeroff D.calloff35.HerexcellentofEnglishhelpedhercommunicatefreelywithforeignpartners.A.standard B.criterion C.evaluation D.command36.Becausecollegescan'ttakeallstudentswithbasicqualifications,tocollegeiscompetitive.A.admiration B.approach C.admission D.assignment37.HelicoptersrushedtowhereShenzhou5fortherescueofChina'sfirstastronaut.A.toucheddownB.turneddown C.settleddown D.shotdown38.TheChinesehaveachievedagreatdeal,butdifficultiesandhardshipswilllong.A.tolerate B.bear C.endure D.withhold39.Thebeliefthatit'shealthytoletoffsteamnolonger,forweareworkingunderheavypressure.A.holdsB.carries C.takes D.stands40.Handbagsmadeofleatherareconsideredold-fashionedandpoorinquality.A.systematic B.synthetic C.sympathetic D.statisticPartIIICLOZETEST(10minutes.15points,1pointeach)Directions:Thereare10questionsinthispartofthetest.Readthepassagethrough.Then,gobackandchooseonesuitablewordorphrasemarkedA,B,C,orDforeachblankinthepassage.MarkthecorrespondingLetterofthewordorphraseyouhavechosenwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.Peoplegotoeveningclassesastheywantnewchallenges.Somepeoplechoosecourses41tolearnnewwork-relatedskillstomovetheircareerinanewdirection."Eveningclassesareagreatwayof42yourskillsorgainingnewones,"saysJessicaRolphe,traininganddevelopmentadviserattheUK'sCharteredInstituteofPersonnelandDevelopment.Insome43,whatstartsasahobbyturnsintoacareer.ThisiswhathappenedtoGinnyJory,whodidaneveningcourseinphotographywhileworkingforanewspaperaboutoneyearago.Duringthecourse,notonlywasJorylearningallaboutphotography,shealsometother44photographersandrealizeditwasagreatnetworking45.“Idiscoveredthatacolleaguefromworkwasdoingthesamecourseandwebecamegreatfriends.We46doingamillenniumexhibitiontogether.”Finally,Joryleftherjobandisnowafull-timephotographeroffashionand47.However,anyonethinkingofdoingacoursewithaspecificoutcomeinmindneedstobesurethatitwill48whattheywantbeforeenrolling.“Doyourresearch49advance,”advisesRolphe.“Makesureyouaredoingacoursethatreallyis50andthattheinstituteyouaredoingitatishighlyrespected.”41.A.separately B.spiritually C.specifically D.socially42.A.updating B.uprising C.uprooting D.upholding43.A.terms B.occasions C.consequences D.cases44.A.perspiring B.aspiring C.expiring D.conspiring45.A.specialty B.phase C.opportunity D.period46.A.gavein B.endedup C.ceasedto D.resultedfrom47.A.qualifications B.charactersC.portraits D.personalities48.A.deliver B.delight C.determine D.detect49.A.up B.for C.into D.in50.A.redundant B.reserved C.resolved D.relevant PartIVREADINGCOMPREHENSION(45minutes,30points,1pointeach)Directions:Inthispartofthetest,therearefiveshortpassages.Readeachpassagecarefully,andthendothequestionsthatfollow.ChoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesgivenandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringAnswerSheet.PassageOneTheworstthingabouttelevisionandradioisthattheyentertainus,savingusthetroubleofentertainingourselves.Ahundredyearsago,beforeallthesedeviceswereinvented,ifapersonwantedtoentertainhimselfwithasongorapieceofmusic,hewouldhavetodothesinginghimselforpickupaviolinandplayit.Now,allhehastodoisturnontheradioorTV.Asaresult,singingandmusichavedeclined.Italiansusedtosingallthetime.Now,theyonlydoitinHollywoodmovies.Indianmoviesaremostlyaseriesofsongsanddanceswrappedaroundsillystories.Asaresult,theydon'tdomuchsinginginIndianvillagesanymore.Indeed,eversinceradiofirstcametolife,therehasbeenaterribledeclineinamateursingingthroughouttheworld.Therearetworeasonsforthissaddecline:One,humanbeingsareastonishinglylazy.Putaliftinabuilding,andpeoplewouldrathertakeitthanclimbeventwoflightsofsteps.Similarly,inventamachinethatsings,andpeoplewouldratherletthemachinesingthansingthemselves.Theotherreasonispeopleareeasilyembarrassed.Whenthereisafamous,talentedmusicianreadilyavailablebypushingabutton,whichamateurviolinistorpianistwouldwanttotrytoentertainfamilyorfriendsbyhimself?TheseearnestreflectionscametomerecentlywhentwoCDsarrivedinthemail:Theyarehistoricrecordingsoffamouswritersreadingtheirownworks.Itwasthrillingtohearthevoicesfromalongdeadpastinthelate19thcentury.Buttoday,readingoutloudanythingisnolongercommon.Today,wesingsongstoourchildrenuntiltheyareabouttwo,wereadsimplebookstothemtilltheyareaboutfive,andoncetheyhavelearnttoreadthemselves,webecomedeaf.We'realiveonlytothesoundoftheTVandthestereo.IcountmyselfextremelyluckytohavebeenbornbeforeTVbecamesocommon.IwasaboutsixbeforeTVappeared.Tokeepusentertained,mymotherhadtodoagooddealofsingingandtellusendlesstales.Itwasthesameinmanyotherhomes.Peoplespokealanguage;theysangit,theyrecitedit;itwassomethingtheycouldfeel.Professionalactors'performanceisextraordinarilyrevealing.ButIstillprefermyownreading.Becauseit'smine.Forthesamereason,peoplefindkaraokeliberating.Itisalmosttheonlyelectronicthingthatgivesthembacktheirownvoice.Eveniftheirvoicesarehoarseandhopelesslyoutoftune.Atleastitismeaningfulself-entertainment,51.Themainideaofthispassageisthat .A.TVandradiocanamuseuswithbeautifulsongsandmusicB.TVandradiohaveweakenedourinterestinentertainingourselvesC.peopleshouldnotbetoolazyorembarrassedtosingD.parentsshouldsingsongsandreadbooksaloudtotheirchildren52.Accordingtothepassage,Italians .A.onlysingsongsinHollywoodB.arenolongerfondofmusicC.onlysinganddanceinvillagesD.don'tsingmuchnowadays53.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasareasonforthedeclineinamateursinging?A.ItiseasierforpeopletopleasethemselveswithsongsthroughTV.B.Peopledon'twanttotakethetroubletosingsongsthemselves.C.Amateursfeelshyiftheycannotsingaswellastheprofessionals.D.Famousandtalentedmusiciansarealwayswillingtoentertainpeople.54.Onhearingthevoicesofthefamouswritersofalongtimepast,theauthorwas.A.veryexcitedB.veryfrightenedC.verynervousD.verysurprised55.Byslating“WearealiveonlytothesoundoftheTVandthestereo,”theauthormeans .A.wecomebacktolifeatthemusicprovidedbytheTVandthestereoB.weonlyperceivethemusicprovidedbytheTVandthestereoC.weshouldsingmorethanlistentotheTVandthestereoD.weshouldlistentomoremusicontheTVandthestereo56.Theauthor'sattitudetowardkaraokeis .A.negative B.positive C.neutral D.indifferentPassageTwoIfthose“madmoments”—whenyoucan'trecallwhatyourfriendhastoldyouorwhereyouleftyourkeys—arebecomingmorefrequent,mentalexercisesandahealthybraindietmayhelp.Justasbodiesrequiremoremaintenancewiththepassingyears,sodobrains,whichscientistsnowknowshowsignsofagingasearlyasthe20sand30s.“Brainagingstartsataveryyoungage,youngerthananyofushaveimaginedandtheseprocessescontinuegraduallyovertheyears,”saidDr.GarySmall,thedirectoroftheCenteronAgingattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.“I'mconvincedthatitisnevertooearlytogetstartedonamentalorbrain-fitnessprogram,”headded.Inhisbook,TheMemoryBible,the51-year-oldneuroscientistlistswhathereferstoasthe10commandmentsforkeepingthebrainyoung.Theyincludetrainingmemory,buildingskills,minimizingstress,mentalexercises,brainfoodandahealthylifestyle.It'sagameplanforkeepingbraincellssparkingandneuralnetworksintip-topshape.“Misplacingyourkeysacoupleoftimesdoesn'tmeanyoushouldstartlabelingyourcabinets.Memorylossisnotaninevitableconsequenceofaging.Ourbrainscanfightback,”hesaid.Smallprovidestheweaponsforafull-scaleattack.Accordingtohim,simplememorytestsgiveanindicationofwhatyouareupagainstandtoolssuchaslook,snapandconnectaredesignedtomakesurethatimportantthingssuchasnamesanddatesareneverforgotten.“Soifyouwanttolearnnamesandfaces,forexample,youmeetMrs.Beattyandyounoticeadistinguishingfacialfeature,maybeaprominenteyebrow,”saidSmall.“Youassociatethefirstthingthatcomestomind.IthinkoftheactorWarrenBeattysoIcreateamentalsnapshotofWarrenBeattykissingherbrow.”Smalladmitsitmaysoundabitstrangebuthesaysitworks.“Mentalexercisescouldbeanythingfromdoingcrosswordpuzzlesandwritingwithyourlefthandifyouarerighthandedorlearningalanguage.Itcouldbeanythingthatisfunthatpeopleenjoydoing,"headded.Healsorecommendsphysicalexercise,alow-fatdietandeatingfoodsrichinomega-3fattyacids,suchasfish,walnutsandBrazilnuts,andfruitsandvegetableshighinantioxidants(抗氧化剂)includingblueberriesandonionsinadditiontoreducingstress.57.The“madmoments”inthefirstparagraphreferstowhenwe.A.havesomementalproblemsB.havelostourimportantthingsC.don'tlistentowhatourfriendstellustodoD.failtorememberwhatshouldberemembered58.Inthispassage,theauthormainlytellsusthat .A.everyonecanbeforgetfulsometimesregardlessofone'sageB.wecanpreventoursoundmindfromagingwithcertainmethodsC.brainagingstartsfromthetimewhenweareinour20sand30sD.memorylossisasignthatshowswearegettingold59.Accordingtothispassage, .A.thegameplanforkeepingbraincellssparkingdoesn'tworkforeveryoneB.Dr.Small'smemorytestscanshowyouwhattodoaboutbrainagingC.Dr.Small'sadvicecanhelpusfightbrainagingeffectivelyD.ourbrainscanreconstructmemoriesthemselves60.Inthefifthparagraph,theauthormainly .A.providesuswiththeweaponsforattackingothersB.introducesthetoolsthathelpusfightagainstmemorylossC.tellsusabouttheimportantthingsweshouldneverforgetD.explainsthefacialfeaturesusefulforustorememberpeople61.Bysaying“IthinkoftheactorWarrenBeattysoIcreate...herbrow,”Dr.Smallistryingtoexplainhowtousethememorytoolof.A.impressingrapidlyB.minimizingstressC.connectingrelatedthingsD.observingcarefully62.AccordingtoDr.Small,.A.left-handersmaystartbrainaginglaterthanright-handersdoB.learningaforeignlanguagedoesnothelptokeepourbrainfromgettingoldC.doingcrosswordpuzzlesisthebestwaytokeepusfrommemorylossD.mentalexercisesplushealthydietalonecannotkeepusfrombrainagingPassageThreeThroughtheyears,ourviewofwhatleadershipisandwhocanexerciseithaschangedconsiderably.Leadershipcompetencieshaveremainedconstant,butourunderstandingofwhatitis,howitworks,andthewaysinwhichpeoplelearntoapplyithasshifted.Wedohavethebeginningsofageneraltheoryofleadership,fromhistoryandsocialresearchandaboveallfromthethoughtsofreflectivepractitionerssuchasMoses,JuliusCaesar,andJamesMadison,andinourowntimefromsuchdisparatesourcesofwisdomasGandhi,WinstonChurchill,MaoTse-tung,andHenryKissinger,whohaveverylittleincommonexceptthattheyhavenotonlybeentherebuttriedwithsomefairnesstospeculateonpaperaboutit.Buttalesandreflectiveobservationarenotenoughexcepttoconvinceusthatleadersarephysicallystrongandabnormallyhardworkers.Todaywearealittleclosertounderstandinghowandwhopeoplelead,butitwasn'teasygettingthere.Decadesofacademicanalysishavegivenusmorethan350definitionsofleadership.Literallythousandsofempiricalinvestigationsofleadershavebeenconductedinthelastseventy-fiveyearsalone,butnoclearunderstandingexistsastowhatdistinguishesleadersfromnon-leaders,andperhapsmoreimportant,whatdistinguisheseffectiveleadersfromineffectiveleadersandeffectiveorganizationsfromineffectiveorganizations.Neverhavesomanylaboredsolongtosaysolittle.Multipleinterpretationsofleadershipexist,eachprovidingafragmentofinsightbuteachremaininganincompleteandwhollyinadequateexplanation.Mostofthesedefinitionsdon'tagreewitheachother,andmanyofthemwouldseemquiteremotetotheleaderswhoseskillsarebeingexamined.Definitionsreflectfashions,politicaltidesandacademictrends.Theydon'talwaysreflectrealityandsometimestheyjustrepresentnonsense.It'sasifwhatBraqueoncesaidaboutartisalsotrueofleadership:“Theonlythingthatmattersinartisthepartthatcannotbeexplained.”Manytheoriesofleadershiphavecomeandgone.Somelookedattheleader.Somelookedatthesituation.Nonehasstoodthetestoftime.Withsuchatrackrecord,itisunderstandablewhyleadershipresearchandtheoryhavebeensofrustratingastodeservethelabel"theLaBreaTarPits"oforganizationalinquiry.LocatedinLosAngeles,theseasphaltpitshousetheremainsofalongsequenceofprehistoricanimalsthatcametoinvestigatebutneverleftthearea.63.Inregardofleadershipcompetencies,theauthorsuggeststhatpeoplehave.A.believedintheirexistenceB.learnedtoapplythemextensivelyC.founditverydifficulttoacquirethemD.beenunabletorealizetheirimportance64.Severalbignamesarementionedinthefirstparagraphmainlytoshowtheir.A.differentstylesofleadershipB.effectiveexerciseofleadershipC.contributionstothetheoryofleadershipD.wisdominapplyingthetheoryofleadership65.Accordingtotheauthor,people'sopinionsofleadershipareonthewholequite.A.dividedB.originalC.misleadingD.sophisticated66.Theauthorthinksthat .A.manypeoplehavelaboredtobeleadersB.leadersarebeyondourunderstandingC.theessenceofleadershiphasnotbeengraspedD.thedefinitionsofleadershipshouldvary67.“TheLaBreaTarPits”probablysignifiesthingsthat .A.canbetracedbacktotheprehistoricageB.aretrapsforthosewhowanttoinquireC.arelocatedinoneplaceforeverD.don'tdeservefullinvestigation68.Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith .A.theinconsistenttheoriesofleadershipB.thefamousleadersandtheirtheoriesC.thechangesinthetrendofleadershipD.theinaccuratedefinitionsofleadershipPassageFourWhenyouleaveajobwithatraditionalpension,don'tassumeyou'velostthechancetocollectit.You'reentitledtowhateverbenefityou'veearned—andyoumightevenbeentitledtotakeitnow.“Alotofpeopleforgettheyhaveit,ortheythinkthatbywaitinguntilthey're65,they'llhaveabiggerbenefit,”saysWayneBogosian,presidentofthePFEGroup,whichprovidescorporatepre-retirementeducation.Yourformeremployersshouldsendyouacertificatethatsayshowmuchyourpensionisworth.Ifit'slessthan$5,000,orifthecompanyoffersalump-sumpayout,itwillgenerallycloseyouraccountandcashyouout.Itmaynotseemlikemuch,but$5,000investedover20yearsateightpercentinterestis$23,000.Ifyourpensionisworthmorethan$5,000,oryourcompanydoesn'tofferthelump-sumoption,findouthowmuchmoneyyou'reeligibleforattheplan'snormalretirementage,theearlierageatwhichyoucancollectthepension,themoreseverepenaltyforcollectingitearly.You'llprobablystillcomeoutaheadbytakingthemoneynowandinvestingit.Whatifyouleftajobyearsago,andyou'rerealizingyoumayhaveunwittinglyleftbehindapension?GethelpfromthePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporation.Ithasanonlinesearchtoolthathashelpedlocate$47millioninlostbenefitsformorethan12,000workers.Ifyouhaveatraditionalpension,retiringearlycostsmorethanyoumightexpect.Mostpeopleassumeyoutakeaproportionalcutforleavingbeforeyourplan'snormalretirementage.Forexample,youmightthinkthatifyouneedtoaccrue30yearsofserviceandyouleavethreeyearsearly,you'dgetapension90percentofthefullamount.Butthat'snothowitworks.Instead,youtakeanactuarialreduction,determinedbytheemployerbutoftenaroundfivepercentayear,foreachyearyouleaveearly.Soretiringthreeyearsearlycouldleaveyouwithonly85percentofthetotalamount.Whenyouretireearlywithadefined-contributionplan,theproblemisyoustartspendinginvestmentsonwhichyoucouldbeearninginterest.Ifyouretirewhenyou're55,forexample,andstartusingthetraditionalpensionthen,byage65you'llhaveonlyabouthalfofwhatyouwouldhavehadifyou'dkeptworkinguntil65.69.Whenoneleavesajobwithatraditionalpension, .A.hetendstoforgetthathehasthepensionB.hehasnorighttoaskforthepensionC.he'llhaveabiggerbenefitthanifhewaitsuntiltheageof65D.hehasaspecifiedworthofpension70.Iftheretiree'spensionislessthan$5,000,itiswiseofhimto .A.askthecompanyforalump-sumpayoutB.requirehisformerbosstofigureoutthevalueofhispensionC.takethepensionwithhimandmakeaprofitoutofitD.collectthepensionathisretirementplan'snormalretirementage71.Ifoneleavesearlybeforehisplan'snormalretirementage, .A.he'lltake90percentofthetotalamountofhispensionB.he'llhavehalfofhispensionpaymentsC.he'llhavehispensionpaymentreducedby5%ayearD.he'llhaveonly85percentofhisfullpension72.Ifoneretiresearlywithadefined-contributionplan,heisexpectedto .A.earnlessinterestB.bebetteroffthanwithatraditionalpensionC.startinvestmentimmediatelyD.getlessSocialSecuritybenefits73.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthesubtitleforthelastthreeparagraphs?A.YourPayoutIsNotGuaranteed.B.TheRetirementDilemma.C.LeaveEarly,LoseBig.D.TakethePensionwithYou.74.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue? A.Ifoneleaves3yearsearlyona30-year-servicebasis,hewon'tgetapensionworth 27/30ths.B.Itpaystogetanearlyretirementifoneunderstandshowretirementpensionplanworks.C.ThePensionBenefitGuarantyCorporationhelpstheretireetorecoverlastbenefits.D.Ifonekeepshisexpenseswithinhisretirementframework,hewon'tbeseverelyaffected.PassageFiveInalandmarkdecision,U.S.DistrictJudgeLeonieBrinkemaruledNovember23,1998,inMainstreamLoudownv.BoardofTrusteesoftheLoudownCountyLibrarythattheuseofblockingsoftwaretorestrictInternetaccessinpubliclibrariesisunconstitutional.Despitethelibrary'sclaimsthatitsactionswerejustifiedinthenameof“protectingminorsfromharmfulcontent,”JudgeBrinkemaruledthatthelibrarycouldnotreduceadultaccesstostandardsestablishedforchildren.“Theuseof