河北省正定中学2020-2021学年高一下学期第一次月考英语试题WORD版含解析

河北正定中学高一下学期第一次月考英语试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷和答题卡相应位置。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑．如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号．回答非选择题时，将答案书写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将答题卡和试卷交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwilltheyprobablydonext?A.Goshopping.B.Takeaholiday.C.Havedinner.2.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.He’sbusy.B.He’shungry.C.He’sembarrassed.3.Whenisthelibraryopen?A.At7:30.B.At8:00.C.At8:30.4.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Trysomewhereelse.BQuitthepresentjob.C.Remainattherestaurant.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Driverandpassenger.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomancomplainabout?A.Hotweather.B.Boringtravelplans.C.Shortsummerholidays.7.Whatdoesthemanmeanattheendofthetalk?A.Goingtothepoolisagoodidea.B.Theweatherforecastisnotaccurate.C.Itwillcooldownovertheweekend.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatcanweknowabouttheman?A.Heisnotlocalhere.B.Heoftenignoresthetrafficrules.C.Hedoesn’tknowthewomanatall.9.Whatwillthewomando?A.Touraroundthecity.B.Buysomethingtodrink.C.Parkhercarsomewhere.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inanoffice.C.Inarestaurant.11.Whendidthetwospeakerslastmeet?A.Abouttwoyearsago.B.Aboutthreeyearsago.C.Aboutfouryearsago.12.WhatdidJackdowhenhewasinBritain?A.HetaughtEnglish.B.Heworkedinacompany.C.Hecontinuedwithhisstudy.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whoisgoingtohavedinnerwiththewoman?A.Paul.B.David.C.Jane.14.Whattroublestheman?A.Theprinterdoesn’twork.B.Hehasnotimetokeepadate.C.Hisclient(客户)isdifficulttoplease.15.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheman’sproblem?A.Itisdemanding.B.Itiseasytohandle.C.Itdoesn’tmakesense.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Getchanged.B.Ringherhusband.C.Callforatechnician.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17Whereisthenewmuseumsituated?A.OnEllisIsland.B.OnLibertyIsland.C.IntheCityofNewYork.18.WhendidtheStatueofLibertyopentothepublic?A.In1954.B.In1892.C.In1886.19.HowmanyvisitorsarepermittedintotheStatueeveryyear?A.About400,000.B.About500,000.C.About900,000.20.Whatcanvisitorsseeinthenewmuseum?A.TheinsidestructureofLadyLiberty.B.ThestatueofthecreatorofLadyLiberty.C.TheconstructingprocessofLadyLiberty.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFourFreeMobileAppstoHelpYouLearnEnglishFasterHaveyourealizedthatyoucanputyoursmartphonetoreallygooduseforlearningEnglish?Hereare4freemobileappsthatwillhelpyoudojustthat.HelloEnglishItcoversalltheaspectsoflanguagelearning,includingvocabulary,translation,grammar,spellings,spokenandreadingskills.ItusesinteractivegamestoteachdifferentEnglishlessonsandoffersnewaudiobooks,latestnews,andbooks.However,youshouldalreadyunderstandbasicEnglishstructuresandalphabets,fortheappcan’thelpyoulearnEnglishfromscratch(从零开始).DuolingoIfyouwanttolearnEnglishfromscratch,thenthisistheappyouarelookingfor.DuolingousesinteractivegamestohelpyoulearnEnglish.Forbeginners,theappfocusesonhelpingyoulearnverbs,phrasesandsentences.LingbeIfyouarereadytopracticeyourspokenskillsinthereal­world,you’llneedLingbe.It’sacommunity­basedappwherepeoplehelpeachotherandsharetheirnativelanguages.ItconnectsyouwithrealpeopleoncallwhoarenativeEnglishspeakers.HelloTalkHelloTalkissimilartoLingbeasitconnectsyouwithnativespeakerstohelpimproveyourlanguageskills.However,itaddsafewextrafunctionsthatmightinterestyou.Youcanviewtheinformationaboutuserstofindamatchthatinterestsyou.Additionally,youcanalsosendtextandaudiomessages,andevendovideocallswithotherpeople.Ifyouareabeginner,startfromDuolingoandthenuseHelloEnglishtotakefullcommandoverthelanguage.ForfluentspokenEnglishlearners,youcantryoutLingbeorHelloTalk.1.WhatshouldyoualreadyunderstandtouseHelloEnglish?A.Goodreadingandwritingskills.B.Basiclisteningandspeakingtips.C.DifferentEnglishlessonsandbooks.D.UnderstandbasicEnglishstructuresandalphabets.2.WhichappisthebestchoiceforanEnglishbeginneratfirst?A.HelloEnglish. B.Duolingo.C.Lingbe. D.HelloTalk.3.WhatcanyoudoonLingbe?A.Readthelatestnews. B.Enjoytheinteractivegames.C.PracticeyourspokenEnglish. D.Talkwithnativespeakersintheflesh.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了四款有利于英语学习的免费App。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“However,youshouldalreadyunderstandbasicEnglishstructuresandalphabets,fortheappcan’thelpyoulearnEnglishfromscratch(从零开始).”可知，然而，你应该已经了解了基本的英语结构和字母，因为这个应用程序不能帮助你从头开始学习英语。所以要想使用HelloEnglish需要理解基本的英语结构和英语字母，故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Forbeginners,theappfocusesonhelpingyoulearnverbs,phrasesandsentences.对于初学者来说，这款应用主要帮助你学习动词、短语和句子。和文章最后一段第一句中的Ifyouareabeginner,startfromDuolingo如果你是初学者，可以从Duolingo开始。可知，初学者应该选Duolingo，故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Ifyouarereadytopracticeyourspokenskillsinthereal­world,you’llneedLingbe.”可知，如果你准备在现实生活中练习口语，你需要使用Lingbe。所以在Lingbe上可以练习口语，故选C项。BOnestrideatatime,TomPanekandhisguidedog,Gus,inchclosertotheirgoal.Thetwohavebeentraininginlocalparksformorethanthreeyearswiththehopesofcompetinginanofficiallong­distancerace.It’sneverbeendonebefore.“I’vebeenrunningmywholelife.Iranonmycross­countryteaminhighschool,andIranasayoungadult,”Paneksaid.Helosthissight25yearsago.“WhenIlostmysightIwastooscaredtorun,”Paneksaid.Asheadjustedtohisblindness,hebeganrunningwithahumanguide,butitwasn’tthesame.“Althoughmanypeoplerunwithrunningclubs,attheendofthedayyou’rerunningyourownrace.Andwhenyou’retiedtoanotherperson,it’snolongeryourownrace.Theindependenceisn’tquitethere,”Paneksaid.Twoyearsago,PanekbecametheCEOofGuidingEyesfortheBlind.TheideaofarunningguideprogramwasfirstsuggestedbyRichardHunter,whowasblindandlookingtogetbackintorunning.“Richardshoutedout,‘I’mreallycurious,haveyouevertrainedaguidedogtorun？’AndIsaid,‘Idon’tknow.Ithasn’tbeendone,’”Paneksaid.Afewmonthsandintensetrainingsessionslater,therunningguideprogramwasborn.PanekandasmallteamhelpedtrainKlinger,aGermanshepherd,toaidHunterwithrunning.Heformedateamofexpertstotrainasmallgroupofdogstorunlongdistances.Thedogsbegintheirtrainingat18monthsold.It’sanexclusiveclub.Outof165graduatedogs,onlyabout12areconsideredraceready.Theteam’sfinaltestwouldbeafive­mileracethroughNewYork’sCentralParkjustoneweekbeforetheNewYorkCityMarathon.ItwasPanek’sandGus’sfirstcompetitiverace.Beforetherace,Panekwasovercomewithemotion,wipingawayhistearsofappreciationtothedogwhogavehimhisindependenceback.“Andcrossingthatfinishline,youknowitwasamomentous(关键的)occasionforme,”Paneksaid.4.HowdidPanekthinkofrunningwithahumanguide?A.Inspiring. B.Challenging.C.Rewarding. D.Disappointing.5.WhatwasHuntercuriousabout?A.Trainingadogguidetorun. B.Gettingbacktorunasablindman.C.Startingarunningguideprogram. D.Runningwithahumanguide.6.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthearticle?A.Dogsarereluctanttorunlongdistances.B.Fewdogsarequalifiedtoguideinrunning.C.Somedogsareborntobeaguideinraces.D.Dogsneedtobetrainedfor18months.7.WhatdoesparticularsignificancethefinaltesthavetoPanek?A.HewonabigprizewithGus’help.B.Hisguidedogwastreatedwellintherace.C.Hegothisindependenceonceagain.D.Herantothefinishinglinewithoutstopping.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。导盲犬想必大家都听说过，但是你知道可以陪同跑步比赛的导盲犬吗？短文叙述了盲人汤姆·帕内克训练导盲犬以及要导盲犬陪同自己跑步参加马拉松的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Andwhenyou’retiedtoanotherperson,it’snolongeryourownrace.Theindependenceisn’tquitethere,”Paneksaid.可知，他认为有人和他一起跑还是使自己没有了独立性，因此推断他认为和导盲人员一起跑步这件事是令人扫兴的。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“I’mreallycurious,haveyouevertrainedaguidedogtorun？”可知，我很好奇，你曾经训练过导盲犬和你一起跑步吗？所以Hunter对于能够训练导盲犬来陪着盲人一起赛跑，感到有兴趣。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段Outof165graduatedogs,onlyabout12areconsideredraceready.可知，在165只毕业的狗狗中，只有12只被认为可以参加比赛。所以只有少数的狗，可以被训练好，有资格参加比赛。故选B项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Beforetherace,Panekwasovercomewithemotion,wipingawayhistearsofappreciationtothedogwhogavehimhisindependenceback.可知，他激动得哭泣，因为在狗的帮助下他重新获得了独立性。所以最后的测试对panek有特别的意义是他重新获得了独立性。故选C项。CBellyfathaslongbeenthoughttobeparticularlybadforyourheart,butnow,anewstudyaddsmoreevidencetotheideathatitmayalsobebadforyourbrain.Thestudy,fromtheUnitedKingdom,foundthatpeoplewhowereobeseandhadahighwaist-to-hipratiohadslightlylowerbrainvolumesonaverage,comparedwithpeoplewhomaintainedahealthyweight.Specifically,bellyfatwaslinkedwithlowervolumesofgraymatter,thebraintissuethatcontainsnervecell.“Ourresearchlookedatalargegroupofpeopleandfoundobesity,specificallyaroundthemiddle,maybelinkedwithbraindiminution,”leadstudyauthorMarkHamer,aprofessoratLoughboroughUniversity’sSchoolofSport,ExerciseandHealthSciencesinLeicestershire,England,saidinastatement.Lowerbrainvolume,orbraindiminution,hasbeenlinkedwithanincreasedriskofmemorydecline.Thenewfindings,publishedinthejournalNeurology,suggestthatthecombinationofobesity(asmeasuredbybodymassindex,orBMI)andahighwaist-to-hipratiomaybeariskfactorforbraindiminution,theresearcherssaid.However,thestudyfoundonlyanassociationbetweenbellyfatandlowerbrainvolume,andcannotprovethatcarryingmorefataroundthewaistactuallycausesbraindiminution.Itcouldbethatpeoplewithlowervolumesofgraymatterincertainbrainareasareatahigherriskofobesity.Futurestudiesareneededtofindoutthereasonsforthelink.Alimitationofthestudyisthatpeoplewhoagreedtotakepartinthestudytendedtobehealthierthanpeoplewhodidnotwanttotakepart,sotheresultsmaynotapplytothegeneralpopulationasawhole,theresearchersnoted.8.Whatdoesthewaist-to-hipratiorefertointhetext?A.Ameasureofbellyfat. B.Acalculationofbodyweight.C.Abraintissuewithnervecells. D.Anevaluationofbrainvolume.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminution”inparagraph3mean?A.Risk. B.Decrease. C.Development. D.Recovery.10.Whatdoesthetextmainlywanttotellus?A.Bellyfatmaybeharmfultotheheart. B.Bellyfatcontributestobittermemories.C.Bellyfatresultsfromlowernervecells. D.Bellyfatisrelatedtolowerbrainvolume.11.Whatcanweinferfromtheresearch?A.Bellyfatisthecauseofbraindiminution.B.Goodgeneralhealthisimportantforgoodbrainhealth.C.Unhealthypeopleareactiveintakingpartinthestudy.D.Graymattermayinfluencethebraintissuethatcontainsnervecells.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现腹部肥胖与脑容量变小是相关联的，介绍研究开展的过程以及其局限性。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Bellyfathaslongbeenthoughttobeparticularlybadforyourheart,butnow,anewstudyaddsmoreevidencetotheideathatitmayalsobebadforyourbrain.(长期以来，腹部脂肪一直被认为对心脏特别有害，但现在，一项新的研究提供了更多的证据，证明它可能对大脑也有害)”以及第二段“Thestudy,fromtheUnitedKingdom,foundthatpeoplewhowereobeseandhadahighwaist-to-hipratiohadslightlylowerbrainvolumesonaverage,comparedwithpeoplewhomaintainedahealthyweight.Specifically,bellyfatwaslinkedwithlowervolumesofgraymatter,thebraintissuethatcontainsnervecell.(这项来自英国的研究发现，与保持健康体重的人相比，肥胖且腰臀比高的人平均脑容量略低。具体来说，腹部脂肪与更少的灰质有关，灰质是包含神经细胞的脑组织)”可知，腰臀比是一种腹部肥胖的测量指数。故选A。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Thestudy,fromtheUnitedKingdom,foundthatpeoplewhowereobeseandhadahighwaist-to-hipratiohadslightlylowerbrainvolumesonaverage,comparedwithpeoplewhomaintainedahealthyweight.(这项来自英国的研究发现，与保持健康体重的人相比，肥胖且腰臀比高的人平均脑容量略低)”以及画线词后文“Lowerbrainvolume,orbraindiminution,hasbeenlinkedwithanincreasedriskofmemorydecline.(更小的脑容量，或大脑的缩小，与记忆力下降的风险增加有关)”可知，腹部肥胖可能与脑容量减少有关，故画线词意思是“减少”。A.Risk.风险；B.Decrease.减少；C.Development.发展；D.Recovery.恢复。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Thenewfindings,publishedinthejournalNeurology,suggestthatthecombinationofobesity(asmeasuredbybodymassindex,orBMI)andahighwaist-to-hipratiomaybeariskfactorforbraindiminution,theresearcherssaid.However,thestudyfoundonlyanassociationbetweenbellyfatandlowerbrainvolume,andcannotprovethatcarryingmorefataroundthewaistactuallycausesbraindiminution.Itcouldbethatpeoplewithlowervolumesofgraymatterincertainbrainareasareatahigherriskofobesity.Futurestudiesareneededtofindoutthereasonsforthelink.(研究人员说，发表在《神经学》杂志上的新发现表明，肥胖（以体重指数（BMI）衡量）和高腰臀比可能是大脑萎缩的危险因素。然而，这项研究只发现了腹部脂肪和脑容量小之间的联系，并不能证明腰部脂肪过多会导致大脑萎缩。这可能是因为大脑某些区域灰质含量较低的人患肥胖症的风险较高。未来的研究需要找出这种联系的原因)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现腹部肥胖与脑容量变小是相关联的，介绍研究开展的过程以及其局限性。可知，文章主要想告诉我们腹部肥胖与脑容量变小是相互关联的。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Bellyfathaslongbeenthoughttobeparticularlybadforyourheart,butnow,anewstudyaddsmoreevidencetotheideathatitmayalsobebadforyourbrain.(长期以来，腹部脂肪一直被认为对心脏特别有害，但现在，一项新的研究提供了更多的证据，证明它可能对大脑也有害)”可知，肥胖影响心脏和大脑，所以良好的身体健康对大脑健康非常重要。故选B。DIfyouthinkthatrunningmarathonswillhelpyoulivealongandhealthylife,newresearchmaycomeasashock.Accordingtoarecentscientificstudy,peoplewhodoaverystrenuousworkoutareaslikelytodieaspeoplewhodonoexerciseatall.ScientistsinDenmarkhavebeenstudyingover1,000joggers(慢跑者)andnon-joggersfor12years.Thedeathratesfromthesamplegroupindicatethatpeoplewhojogataproperpacetwoorthreetimesaweekforlessthantwoandahalfhoursintotalareleastlikelytodie.Thebestspeedtojogatwasfoundtobeabout5milesperhour.Theresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhojogmorethanthreetimesaweekorathigherspeedsofover7mphdieatthesamerateasnon-joggers.Thescientiststhinkthatthisisbecausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries(动脉).Overtime,thiscancauseseriouseffects.PeterSchnohr,aresearcherinCopenhagen,said,“Ifyourgoalistodecreaseriskofdeathandimprovelifeexpectancy(寿命),joggingafewtimesaweekataproperpaceisagoodstrategy.Anythingmoreisnotjustunnecessary,anditmaybeharmful.”Theimplications(暗示)ofthisarethatmoderateformsofexercisesuchastaichi,yogaandwalkingmaybebetterforusthan“ironmanevents,triathlonsandlong-distancerunningandcycling.AccordingtoJacobLouisMarott,anotherresearcherinvolvedinthestudy,“Youdon'tactuallyhavetodothatmuchtohaveagoodimpactonyourhealth.Andperhapsyoushouldn’tactuallydotoomuch”.12.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplace“strenuous”inParagraph1?A.regular B.hard C.practical D.limited13.Whydoestheauthorpresentsthefigures(数字)inParagraph2?A.Tosuggestgivingupjogging B.ToshowrisksofdoingsportsC.Toprovidesupportiveevidence D.Tointroducetheresearchcontent14.Accordingtothescientists,whyistoomuchexerciseharmful?A.Itmayinjuretheheartandarteries. B.Itcanmakethebodytiredout.C.Itwillbringmuchpressure. D.Itconsumestoomuchenergy.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Noexerciseatallisthebestchoice. B.Moreexercisemeansahealthierlife.C.Marathonsrunnersareleastlikelytodie. D.Toostrenuousexerciseisnobetterthannone【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。研究表明那些从事的剧烈运动的人和根本不做运动的人死亡概率一样，这是因为剧烈运动会损害我们的心脏和动脉。适度的运动才有助于我们的健康。【12题详解】词义猜测题。第一段“Ifyouthinkthatrunningmarathonswillhelpyoulivealongandhealthylife,newresearchmaycomeasashock（如果你认为跑马拉松能帮助你过上健康长寿的生活，一项新的研究可能会让你大吃一惊可知）”，人们一般认为马拉松会帮助我们过上健康长寿的生活，但新的研究结果不是这样。那些从事的strenuousworkout人和根本不做运动的人死亡可能性一样。可以推测“runningmarathons”是属于“strenuous运动”再根据第二段“becausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries因为剧烈运动会引起心脏和动脉的结构变化。”可推测，strenuousexercise是指剧烈运动。strenuous意为“高强度的，剧烈的，强烈的”。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。第二段中“Theresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhojogmorethanthreetimesaweekorathigherspeedsofover7mphdieatthesamerateasnon-joggers研究表明每周慢跑超过三次或时速超过7英里的人死亡率与非慢跑者相同，呈现研究数据提供证据，证明文章第一段提出的观点：做非常剧烈运动的人和根本不做运动的人死亡可能性一样。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Thescientiststhinkthatthisisbecausestrenuousexercisecausesstructuralchangestotheheartandarteries(动脉).Overtime,thiscancauseseriousinjuries（科学家们认为这是因为剧烈运动会导致心脏和动脉的结构改变。随着时间的推移，这会造成严重的伤害。）”可知，运动过度可能会损伤我们的心脏和动脉。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Anythingmoreisnotjustunnecessary,anditmaybeharmful”更多的东西不仅是不必要的,而且可能是有害的和第四段JacobLouisMarott的观点“Andperhapsyoushouldn’tactuallydotoomuch”也许你实际上不应该做太多。可知，如果目标是降低死亡风险和延长寿命，以适当的速度每周慢跑几次是合适的，不应该做太多的运动。适度的运动才对我们的健康有好处。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Therearemorethan7billionpeopleonEarth.Imaginewhatwillhappenifeachofusdecidestodoonething—nomatterhowsmall—toprotectwildlifeeveryday.___16___.Herearewaysyoucanmakeadifference.RaiseananimalFromwildanimalstowildplaces,there’sachoiceforeveryone.GettogetherwithclassmatestoraiseananimalfromawildlifeorganizationsuchastheWorldWildFundforNature.___17___.Dosomevolunteerwork___18___.Manyorganizationsandzooshavevolunteerprograms.Youcanhelpcleanbeaches,rescuewildanimalsorteachvisitors.Zoos,nationalparksandwildlifeprotectionareasareallhometowildanimals.Learnmoreaboutourplanet’sspeciesfromexperts.SeeEarth’smostamazingcreaturesupclose.SpeakupandjoinShareyourconcernforwildlifeprotectionwithyourfamily.___19___.Askeveryoneyouknowtodowhattheycantostopwildlifetrafficking(非法交易).Whetheryou’reintoprotectingnaturallivingplacesorpreventingwildlifetrafficking,findtheorganizationandtakepart.Becomeamember.Activelysupporttheorganizationofyourchoice.___20___Findnewwaystousethingsyoualreadyown.Ifyoucan’treusethem,recycle.TheMinnesotaZooencouragescustomerstorecyclemobilephonestocutdownaneedforthemineralcoltan(钶钽铁矿),whichisminedfromlowlandgorillas’livingplaces.A.DevelopahabitofrecyclingB.TrytorecycleanythinginyourlifeC.TellyourfriendshowtheycanhelpD.Ifyoudon’thavemoneytogive,offeryourtimeE.ItisasmallandeasyactionbutofgreatimportanceF.EvenlittleactionscanhaveamajorinfluencewhenwealldosomethingG.Ifyouarebusywithyourworkorstudying,encourageotherstodoitforyou【答案】16.F17.E18.D19.C20.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。地球上有70多亿人。想象一下，如果我们每个人决定做一件事——无论多么小——每天保护野生动物，将会发生什么。文章主要介绍了一些可以保护野生动物的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Imaginewhatwillhappenifeachofusdecidestodoonething—nomatterhowsmall—toprotectwildlifeeveryday.(想象一下，如果我们每个人每天都决定做一件事——无论多小——来保护野生动物，会发生什么)”由此可知，上文提到了无论多小的行动也可以带来影响，本句承接上文说明，上文中nomatterhowsmall可对应到F选项中littleactions。故F选项“即使是很小的行动也会对我们所有人的行动产生重大影响”符合语境，故选F。【17题详解】本句为本段最后一句，有总结上文的作用，结合上文“GettogetherwithclassmatestoraiseananimalfromawildlifeorganizationsuchastheWorldWildFundforNature.(和同学们聚在一起，从世界自然野生基金会等野生动物组织那里养一只动物)”由此可知，本句总结上文，说明领养动物这一行为的意义是我们能够做小小的事情支持野生动物保护。故E选项“这是一个小而容易的行动，但很重要”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据后文“Manyorganizationsandzooshavevolunteerprograms.Youcanhelpcleanbeaches,rescuewildanimalsorteachvisitors.(许多组织和动物园都有志愿者计划。你可以帮助清洁海滩，拯救野生动物或教游客相关知识)”由此可知，后文提到了投身志愿者计划也可以帮助野生动物，同时列举了一系列需要花时间去做的活动，说明本句启示后文，指出没有钱，还可以拿出时间，参加保护野生动物的志愿者活动。故D选项“如果你没有钱，那就拿出你的时间”符合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据上文“Shareyourconcernforwildlifeprotectionwithyourfamily.(和你的家人分享你对野生动物保护的关心)”以及后文“Askeveryoneyouknowtodowhattheycantostopwildlifetrafficking(非法交易).(请所有你认识的人尽他们所能阻止野生动物交易)”由此可知，本句承上启下说明，如何向周围的人宣传保护野生动物，上文提到了家人，本句应当是告诉朋友他们能帮上什么忙，故C选项“告诉你的朋友他们能帮上什么忙”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】本空是段落小标题，根据后文“Findnewwaystousethingsyoualreadyown.Ifyoucan’treusethem,recycle.(找到新的方法来使用你已经拥有的东西。如果你不能再利用它们，就回收利用)”由此可知，本段主要提倡循环利用。后文中recycle可对应到A选项中recycling。故A选项“养成回收利用的习惯”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小題1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Akingoncewenttoamaster(大师).Hewantedtobecomemorepowerfulthanother___21___kings.Hesatinfrontofthemasterand___22___tellinghimthepurposeofhisvisit.Themasterlistened___23___totheking.Hethentoldthekingtogotothe___24___wherearoseplantandacypress(柏树)plantweregrowingsidebyside.Hetoldtheking,“Theyareyourteachers.Theycanteachyouwhatyouwantto___25___.”Thekingwentintothegarden,and___26___thetwoplantsbutcouldnotunderstandwhathecouldlearnfromthem.Hewentbacktothemasterandasked,“Whatdoyou___27___,master?Iamnotabletounderstandwhatandhowtheseplantswillteachme.”Themastertookthekingtotheplantsand___28___,“Thiscypressplanthasbeennexttotheroseplantforsomanyyears.Neveroncehasitwantedtobecomearoseplant.___29___,theroseplanthasneverwantedtobecomeacypressplant.Ifmanhadbeenthecypressplant,hewouldhavecomparedhimselfwiththeroseandfeltjealous(忌妒的)atthe___30___thatthebeautifulroseplantwasgettingfromallthepeople.___31___,ifmanweretheroseplant,hewouldhave___32___thecypressplantenviously(羡慕地)thinkinghow___33___theplantwaswithoutthetroubleofbeingdisturbedbypeopleallday!Bothoftheplantsgrewverywellbecausethey___34___alltheirenergyfortheirown___35___insteadofusingittocompetewiththeother.”21.A.rich B.handsome C.western D.neighboring22.A.forgot B.continued C.started D.suggested23.A.patiently B.angrily C.happily D.worriedly24.A.valley B.bank C.garden D.forest25.A.design B.learn C.build D.notice26.A.saw B.smelt C.noticed D.heard27.A.hear B.find C.say D.mean28.A.ordered B.explained C.asked D.requested29.A.Similarly B.Frequently C.Finally D.Luckily30.A.pack B.pay C.attention D.message31.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Or32.A.lookedat B.waitedfor C.calledon D.listenedto33.A.heavy B.useful C.peaceful D.poor34.A.lost B.used C.lent D.received35.A.growth B.opinion C.fun D.victory【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位国王，他想要比临国的国王更强大，于是向一位大师求助。大师通过玫瑰和柏树和平相处的例子让国王明白，要把精力放在本国的发展上，不要互相攀比。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他想变得比其他邻国的国王更强大。A.rich富有的；B.handsome英俊的；C.western西方的；D.neighboring临近的。根据后文“wherearoseplantandacypress(柏树)plantweregrowingsidebyside”可知，大师用毗邻生长的柏树和玫瑰为例向国王进行劝说，可推断这个国王是想比邻国的国王更加强大。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他坐在大师面前，开始告诉大师他来访的目的。A.forgot忘记；B.continued继续；C.started开始；D.suggested建议。根据后文“Themasterlistened___3___totheking”可知，此时大师在倾听国王讲述，可推断国王坐下之后开始讲自己的目的。故选C项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：大师耐心地听国王说话。A.patiently耐心地；B.angrily生气地；C.happily开心地；D.worriedly担忧地。根据后文“Hethentoldthekingtogotothe___4___wherearoseplantandacypress(柏树)plantweregrowingsidebyside.”可知，大师的态度很平静，没有生气或者开心或者担忧，可推断大师耐心地听完了国王的讲述。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他告诉国王去花园，那里有一株玫瑰和一株柏树并排生长。A.valley峡谷；B.bank河堤；C.garden花园；D.forest森林。根据后文“Thekingwentintothegarden”可知，大师告诉国王去的地方是花园。故填C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们可以教你想学的东西。A.design设计；B.learn学习；C.build建造；D.notice注意到。根据后文“butcouldnotunderstandwhathecouldlearnfromthem”可知，大师让国王从柏树和玫瑰身上学习他想学的东西。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：国王走进花园，看到了两棵植物，但不知道他能从它们身上学到什么。A.saw看见；B.smelt闻到；C.noticed注意到；D.heard听到。根据前文“Hethentoldthekingtogotothe___4___wherearoseplantandacypress(柏树)plantweregrowingsidebyside.”可知，大师让国王去花园找玫瑰和柏树，所以国王是带着目的去的，不是无意中注意到，而是走进花园然后看到了这两颗植物。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：什么意思，大师?A.hear听见；B.find发现；C.say说；D.mean意味着，意思是。根据后文“Iamnotabletounderstandwhatandhowtheseplantswillteachme.”可知，国王不能理解大师的深意，所以去而复返询问大师是什么意思。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大师带国王到植物旁解释说。A.ordered命令；B.explained解释；C.asked问；D.requested要求。根据前文“Whatdoyou___7___,master?Iamnotabletounderstandwhatandhowtheseplantswillteachme.”可知，国王不懂大师的意思，所以大师带国王到植物旁进行解说。故选B项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，玫瑰也从未想过要变成柏树。A.Similarly相似地，同样地；B.Frequently经常；C.Finally最终；D.Luckily幸运地。根据前文“Thiscypressplanthasbeennexttotheroseplantforsomanyyears.Neveroncehasitwantedtobecomearoseplant”可知，柏树从没有想过成为玫瑰；根据后文“theroseplanthasneverwantedtobecomeacypressplant”可知，玫瑰也从未想过成为柏树，可推断柏树和玫瑰都是一样的做法。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果人类是柏树，他一定会把自己和玫瑰作比较，看到美丽的玫瑰受到人们的关注，他会感到嫉妒。A.pack包裹；B.pay工资，薪水；C.attention注意力；D.message信息。根据后文“theplantwaswithoutthetroubleofbeingdisturbedbypeopleallday”可知，玫瑰每天被人欣赏关注，获得了人们的注意。故选C项。【31题详解】考查副词和连词词义辨析。句意：或者，如果人是玫瑰，他会羡慕地看着柏树，想这棵树是多么平静，没有整天被人打扰的烦恼！A.Besides除此之外；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Or或者。此处大师是做了两种假设，一种是如果人是柏树，另一种是如果人是玫瑰，两种假设用or连接起来。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：或者，如果人是玫瑰，他会羡慕地看着柏树，想这棵树是多么平静，没有整天被人打扰的烦恼！A.lookedat看着；B.waitedfor等待；C.calledon号召；D.listenedto倾听。根据前文“Thiscypressplanthasbeennexttotheroseplantforsomanyyears.”可知，柏树和玫瑰是邻居，所以此处表达的是玫瑰看着柏树，生出羡慕之意。故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：或者，如果人是玫瑰，他会羡慕地看着柏树，想这棵树是多么平静，没有整天被人打扰的烦恼！A.heavy繁重的；B.useful有用的；C.peaceful平静的；D.poor贫穷的。根据后文“withoutthetroubleofbeingdisturbedbypeopleallday”可知，柏树没人打扰，所以过着平静的生活。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两种植物都长得很好，因为它们把所有的精力都用于自己的生长，而不是用来与其他植物竞争。A.lost丢失；B.used使用；C.lent借出；D.received收到。根据后文“insteadofusingittocompetewiththeother”可知，此处是指这两种植物用所有的精力促进自己生长。故选B项。35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两种植物都长得很好，因为它们把所有的精力都用于自己的生长，而不是用来与其他植物竞争。A.growth生长；B.opinion观点；C.fun乐趣；D.victory胜利。根据前文“Bothoftheplantsgrewverywell”可知，他们长得好的原因是把精力都用在了自我的成长上。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Learning_____36_____newlanguageisnoteasy,butaChineseinWashingtonD.C.saysheknowshowtomakeitless____37____(difficulty).LiLei,teachingChinesetochildren,says,“ThemagickeytoLicametoWashingtonD.C.throughtheStateDepartment’sTeachersofCriticalLanguageProgramme,whichbrin