攻城狮实验手册40个

攻城 #^_^# 归原作者所 本资料供试Release1.0 P的实验，因为在那二部实验手册里，对原理Yeslab-LearningonRS&ISPQQ:攻城狮(技术+生活)实验第一部分基本配 实验第二部分静态路 实验第三部分RIP协 实验3.1配置 实验3.2配置RIP手动汇 实验3.3配置RIP明文与MD5认 实验3.4配置RIP的抑制接 实验3.5配置RIPV1与V2兼 实验第四部分OSPF协 实验4.1单区域的 实验4.2控制DR/BDR的举，观察邻居状态变 实验4.3配置接口的网络类 实验4.4修改OSPF接口的COST 实验4.5配置OSPF的接 实验4.6配置多区域的 实验4.7修改OSPF的参考带宽值 实验4.8引入外部路由（重分布 实验4.9汇总OSPF路 实验4.11修改OSPF路由的优先 实验4.12配置OSPF的stub区 实验4.13配置AREA2为NSSA区 归原作者所有归原作者所有实验4.14配置区域间的路由过 实验4.15OSPF故障排 实验4.16OSPF的虚链 实验4.17在FR环境中配置 实验4.18修改OSPF的网络类型为点到多 实验4.19点到点的子接口运行 实验第五部分BGP协 实验第6部分交 实验6.2配置 实验6.3hybrid接 实验6.4hybrid端口另一个实 实验6.5复杂的hybrid端口实 实验6.6 实验6.7MUX 实验6.8 实验6.9快速生成树 实验6.10MSTP的配 实验6.11配置根防 实验6.12 攻城狮(技术+生活) Entersystemview,returnuserviewwith 攻城狮(技术+生活)攻城狮 归原作者所有本资料试 -Ethernet0/0/0]quit//退出命令 ]sysnameyeslab5console net攻城狮(技术+生活)[R2-ui-vty0-4]userprivilegelevel3[R2]user-interfacevty04//进 Thecurrentconfigurationwillbewrittentothedevice.Areyousuretocontinue?[Y/N]yWarning:Theactionwilldeletethesavedconfigurationinthedevice.Theconfigurationwillbeerasedtoreconfigure.Continue?[Y/N]:y [R1]interface[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]undoshutdown[R2]interface[R1]disyinterfaceEthernet0/0/0Ethernet0/0/0currentstate:UPLineprotocolcurrentstate:UPLastlineprotocoluptime:2013-05-1411:47:52UTC-08:00RoutePort,The umTransmitUnitis1500InternetAddressis12.1.1.1/24IPSendingFrames'FormatisPKTFMT_ETHNT_2,Hardwareaddressis5489-9897-Lastphysicaluptime:2013-05-1411:42:05UTC-08:00Lastphysicaldowntime:2013-05-1411:42:02UTC-08:00Currentsystemtime:2013-05-1411:53:16-08:00Hardwareaddressis5489-9897-8142Last300secondsinputrate3bytes/sec,0Last300secondsoutputrate3bytes/sec,0Input:1040bytes,11Output:1040bytes,11packetsUnicast:10packets,Multicast:0Broadcast:1packetsUnicast:11packets,Multicast:0Broadcast:0Inputbandwidthutilization: Outputbandwidthutilization [R1]12.1.1.2:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom12.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=60msReplyfrom12.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=40msReplyfrom12.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=10msReplyfrom12.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=255time=50msReplyfrom12.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=255time=30ms---12.1.1.2statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=10/38/60tracert命令的执行过程：首先发送一个TTL为1的数据包，因此第一跳发送回一个ICMP错误消息以指明此数据包不能被发送（因为TTL超时），之后此数据包被重新发送，TTL2TTL些过程的目的是记录每一个ICMPTTLIP地所经历的路径。当用命令测试发现网络出现故障后，可以用tracert测试网络何处有故障。tracert命令的输出信息包括到达目的地所有网关的IP地址，如果某网关超tracerouteto12.1.1.2(12.1.1.2),maxhops:30,packetlength:40,pressCTRL_Cto112.1.1.230ms50ms30于0小于最大TTL，first-TTL缺省为1；大于初始TTL，max-TTL缺省为30；的探测数据包的个数，它的范围是大于0；nqueries缺省为3；的超时时间，单位为秒，它的范围是大于0；timeout缺省为5s；[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]disyiproutingRouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtofibRoutingTables:Destinations: Routes: ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 12.1.1.0/24Direct0 D12.1.1.1 12.1.1.1/32Direct D 127.0.0.0/8Direct D 127.0.0.1/32Direct D 攻城狮 归原作者所有本资料试 ]sysnameR1[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]ipaddress12.1.1.1255.255.255.0[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]undoshutdown ]sysnameR2[R2-Ethernet0/0/0]ipaddress12.1.1.2255.255.255.0[R2-Ethernet0/0/0]undoshutdown[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]ipadd[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]ipaddress23.1.1.2255.255.255.0[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]undoshutdown [R3-Ethernet0/0/0]ipaddress23.1.1.3255.255.255.0[R3-Ethernet0/0/0]undoshutdown12.1.1.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom12.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=160msReplyfrom12.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=20msReplyfrom12.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=10msReplyfrom12.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=255time=30msReplyfrom12.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=255time=40ms---12.1.1.1statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packet攻城狮(技术+生活)23.1.1.3:23.1.1.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_Cto归原作者所有归原作者所有Replyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=50msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=50msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=50msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=255time=30msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=255time=30ms---23.1.1.3statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=30/42/5023.1.1.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakRequesttimeout[R1]23.1.1.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=254time=80msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=254time=70msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=254time=60msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=254time=40msReplyfrom23.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=254time=50ms---23.1.1.3statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=40/60/80[R1]disyipRouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtoRoutingTables:Destinations: Routes: ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 12.1.1.0/24Direct0 D12.1.1.1 12.1.1.1/32Direct D 23.1.1.0/24Static10 RD 127.0.0.0/8Direct D 127.0.0.1/32Direct D RIPRIPv2RIPv1攻城 #^_^# 归原作者所 本资料供试[R1]rip [R1-rip-1]version2 //确定RIP的版本[R1-rip-1]undosummary//关闭自动汇总[R1-rip-1]network11.0.0.0//主类网段[R2]rip[R2-rip-1]undosummary攻城狮(技术+生活)[R3]rip[R3]rip[R3-rip-1]undosummary[R3-rip-1]network23.0.0.0攻城 #^_^# 归原作者所 本资料供试[R1]disyipRouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtoRoutingTables:Destinations: Routes: ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.0/24Direct0 D11.1.1.1 11.1.1.1/32Direct D 12.1.1.0/24Direct D 12.1.1.1/32Direct D 22.1.1.0/24 100 D 23.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.1.0/24 100 D 127.0.0.0/8Direct D 127.0.0.1/32Direct0 D [R1]33.1.1.1ip-33.1.1.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=254time=50msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=254time=60msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=254time=30msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=254time=70msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=254time=60ms---33.1.1.1statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packet用环回 攻城狮(技术+生活)攻城 #^_^# 归原作者所 本资料供试[R1]-a11.1.1.133.1.1.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=254time=40msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=254time=50msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=254time=60msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=254time=20msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=254time=40ms---33.1.1.1statistics---5packet(s)transmitted5packet(s)0.00%packetround-tripmin/avg/max=20/42/60攻城狮(技术+生活) yiproutingprotocol ProtoPre Flags1D1D2D2D2D[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.0/24 100 D 23.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.0.0/22 100 D R1RIPshutdownR1R2[R1]interfaceEthernet0/0/0[R1]disyiprouting-tableprotocol[R2]disyiprouting-table[R2]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 33.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.2.0/24 100 D 1./100 D <R1>debuggingrip1May14201319:44:19.970.3-08:00R1RIP/7/DBG:6:12371:Authentication-mode-Simple:May14201319:44:19.250.8-08:00R1RIP/7/DBG:6:11386:RIP1:AuthenticationR2RIP<R1>disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.0/24 100 D 23.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.0.0/22 100 D R2R3RIP的MD5[R2]disyiprouting-tableprotocol11.1.1.0/24 100 D <R2>debuggingrip1<R2>debuggingrip1May14201319:53:13.0.3-08:00R2RIP/7/DBG:6:12407:Authentication-mode-MD5Digest:May14201319:53:12.610.6-08:00R2RIP/7/DBG:6:11386:RIP1:AuthenticationMay14201319:53:12.610.7-08:00R2RIP/7/DBG:6:1676:RIP1:Processmessage[R2]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPre Flags 11.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.2.0/24 100 D 33.1.3.0/24 100 D 此命令与CISCO的（passive）接口一样效果[R2]rip<R1>disyiproutingprotocol[R2]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.1.0/24 100 D 33.1.2.0/24 100 D 33.1.3.0/24 100 D 攻城 #^_^# 归原作者所 本资料供试[R3]ripRIP的V1[R3]rip[R2]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPre Flags 11.1.1.0/24 100 D [R3]disyiprouting[R3]disyiproutingprotocol再去查看debug消息：<R3>debuggingrip1May14201320:04:07.150.1-08:00R3RIP/7/DBG:6:12227:RIP1:Sendingresponseoninterfacefrom23.1.1.3to攻城狮(技术+生活)May14201320:40:03.440.2-08:00R3RIP/7/DBG:6:12247:Packet:Version1,Cmdresponse,LengthMay14201320:04:21.290.2-08:00R3RIP/7/DBG:6:12236:RIP1:Receiveresponsefrom23.1.1.2onMay14201320:04:21.290.3-08:00R3RIP/7/DBG:6:12247:Packet:Version2,Cmdresponse,LengthMay14201320:40:53.370.9-08:00R3RIP/7/DBG:6:2500:RIP1:Ignoringpacket.Thisversionisnot[R2]interfaceEthernet0/0/1[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]ripversion1[R2]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.0/24RIP 1001 D12.1.1.1 33.0.0.0/8 100 D R3<R3>disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.0.0.0/8RIP 1002 D23.1.1.2 12.0.0.0/8 100 D 22.0.0.0/8 100 D 实验第四部分OSPF掌握单区域OSPF的配置方法掌握OSPF修改OSPFLoopback32掌握对OSPF接口代价值进行修改的方法掌握OSPF中Silent-interface[R1]ospf1router-id11.1.1.1 //配置OSPF的进程号以及route-ID[R1-ospf-1]area0 //进入到区域0里面。 //基于区域的[R2]ospf1router-id[R3]ospf1router-id[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 101 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D yip yiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.1/32OSPF 101 D12.1.1.1 33.1.1.1/32 10 D [R3]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.1/32OSPF 102 D23.1.1.2 12.1.1.0/24 10 D 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 使用disyospfbrief命令查看OSPF运行的基本信息[R1]disyospfArea: (MPLSTEnotAuthtype:MD5Areaflag: SPFscheduledCount:8Router state:Interface12.1.1.1Ethernet0/0/0)//Cost: State: Type: MTU:Priority:DesignatedRouter:12.1.1.1BackupDesignatedRouter:12.1.1.2 o10,Dead40,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayCost: Type: MTU: o10,Dead40,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay[R1]disyospfpeerOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1PeerStatisticInformationArea Neighbor OSPFProcess1withRouterOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea: LinkStateID AgeLenSequenceMetric 66848 668 726 Network 668 w11.L7CIS 别。[R1]disyospflsdbrouterOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1Area:0.0.0.0LinkState :攻城 #^_^# 归原作者所 本资料供试Ls :Advrtr:33.1.1.1Lsage:694 Options:Echksum:Linkcount:*LinkID:Data:Metric:0Priority:*LinkID:23.1.1.2Data:23.1.1.3LinkType:TransNetMetric:1看OSPF的讲解。攻城狮(技术+生活)Retranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor00:28:53AuthenticationRetranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor00:28:53AuthenticationSequence:[2472] yospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1RouterID:22.1.1.1 Address:12.1.1.2State:FullMode:NbrisMasterPriority:DR:12.1.1.1BDR:12.1.1.2MTU:Deadtimerduein37R1为DR。但在这里DR/BDR<R1>debuggingospf1May16201317:43:39-08:00R1%%01PHY/1/PHY(l)[0]:Ethernet0/0/0:changestatustoMay16201317:43:39-08:00R1%%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:ThelineprotocolIPontheinterfaceEthernet0/0/0hasenteredtheUPstate.May16201317:43:39-08:00R1%%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[2]:Neighborchangesevent:neighborstatuschanged.(Proce=1,NeighborAddress=12.1.1.2,NeighborEvent=oReceived,NeighborPreviousState=Down,NeighborCurrentState=Init)May16201317:43:48-08:00R1DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25.191.3.1configurationshavebeenchanged.Thecurrentchangenumberis23,thechangeloopcountis0,andtheumnumberofrecordsis4095.May16201317:43:58-08:00R1%%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[3]:Neighborchangesevent:neighborstatuschanged.(Proce=1,NeighborAddress=12.1.1.2,NeighborEvent=2WayReceived,NeighborPreviousState=Init,NeighborCurrentState=2Way)May16201317:44:20-08:00R1%%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[4]:Neighborchangesevent:neighborstatuschanged.(Proce=1,NeighborAddress=12.1.1.2,NeighborEvent=AdjOk?,NeighborPreviousState=2Way,NeighborCurrentState=ExStart)May16201317:44:25-08:00R1%%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[5]:Neighborchangesevent:neighborstatuschanged.(Proce=1,NeighborAddress=12.1.1.2,NeighborEvent=NegotiationDone,NeighborPreviousState=ExStart,NeighborCurrentState=Exchange)May16201317:44:25-08:00R1%%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[6]:Neighborchangesevent:neighborstatuschanged.(Proce=1,NeighborAddress=12.1.1.2,NeighborEvent=ExchangeDone,NeighborPreviousState=Exchange,NeighborCurrentState=Loading)May16201317:44:25-08:00R1%%01OSPF/4/NBR_CHANGE_E(l)[7]:Neighborchangesevent:neighborstatuschanged.(Proce=1,NeighborAddress=12.1.1.2,NeighborEvent=LoadingDone,NeighborPreviousState=Loading,NeighborCurrentState=Full)[R2]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID22.1.1.1Area0.0.0.0interface12.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0/0)'sneighborsRouterID:11.1.1.1 Address:12.1.1.1State:FullMode:NbrisSlavePriority:10DR:12.1.1.1BDR:12.1.1.2MTU:0Deadtimerduein37secRetranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor00:02:36AuthenticationSequence:[8265]4.3[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 101 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D [R2]disyospfinterfaceLoopBackOSPFProcess1withRouterID22.1.1.1Cost: Type: MTU: o10,Dead40,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay但是结局都是一样的，都是似送32位主机路由。[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.0/24OSPF 101 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D [R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.0/24OSPF 10100 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D OSPF的接口与RIP是不一样的，不再是只收不发，而是不收也不发任何OSPF的报[R1]disyospfpeer[R1-ospf-1]undosilent-interfaceEthernet0/0/0[R1-ospf-1]silent-interfaceLoopBack1[R2]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPre Flags 11.1.1.1/32 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D 攻城 #^_^# 归原作者所 本资料供试1IP[R1]ospf1router-id[R2]ospf1router-id[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network23.1.1.20.0.0.0[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network12.1.1.2 [R3]ospf1router-id[R4]ospf1router-id[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPre Flags 在实际网络我们可能使用了千兆甚至万兆以太网。但是由于OSPF的默认参考带宽值为Info:ReferenceInfo:Referencebandwidthischanged.Pleaseensurethatthereferencebandwidththatisconfiguredfortheroutersarethe[R1-ospf-1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPre Flags 10 D 10 D 10 D 10 D 10 D 再去查看一下多区域的OSPFLSAOSPFLSDB[R1]disyospfArea: LinkStateID AgeLenSequenceMetric 63948 640 640 Sum-Net 548 Sum-Net 651 Sum-Net 599 Sum-Net 586 //由于是多区域的OSPF，看到三类的LSA，sum-net的LSA。用来描述区域间的4.8引入外部路由（重分布然后把这些直连的路由重分布进 BorderGatewayProtocol(BGP)routesdirectConnectedroutes IntermediateSystemtoIntermediateSystem(IS-IS)routeslimitLimitthenumberofroutesimportedintoOSPF OpenShortestPathFirst(OSPF)routes RoutingInformationProtocol(RIP)routesstaticStaticroutes UserNetwork ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 1010 D ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 1010 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D 34.1.1.0/24 10 D 44.1.0.0/24O_ASE150 D 44.1.1.0/24O_ASE150 D 44.1.1.1/32 10 D 44.1.2.0/24O_ASE150 D 44.1.3.0/24O_ASE150 D [R3-LoopBack0]ospfenable1area2//也支持接口下的到area2里面进行：[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 1010 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.0.0/22 10 D 34.1.1.0/24 10 D 44.1.0.0/24O_ASE150 D 44.1.1.0/24O_ASE150 D 44.1.1.1/32 10 D 44.1.2.0/24O_ASE150 D 44.1.3.0/24O_ASE150 D R1[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 1010 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.0.0/22 10 D 34.1.1.0/24 10 D 44.1.0.0/22O_ASE150 D D 在R4上：[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 0.0.0.0/0O_ASE1501 D12.1.1.2 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.0.0/22 10 D 34.1.1.0/24 10 D 44.1.0.0/22O_ASE150 D 44.1.1.1/32 10 D 类的 [R1-ospf-1]preferencease50[R1]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 0.0.0.0/0O_ASE 501 D12.1.1.2 22.1.1.1/32 20 D 23.1.1.0/24 20 D 33.1.0.0/22 20 D 34.1.1.0/24 20 D 44.1.0.0/22O_ASE50 D 44.1.1.1/32 20 D [R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 0.0.0.0/0OSPF 2011 D12.1.1.2 22.1.1.1/32 20 D 23.1.1.0/24 20 D 33.1.0.0/22 20 D 34.1.1.0/24 20 D 44.1.1.1/32 20 D 由R2产生了一条区域内的默认。[R1]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop D12.1.1.2 D 的路由，用7类的LSA来表示：[R4]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 0.0.0.0/0 150 D 11.1.1.1/32 10 D 12.1.1.0/24 10 D 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.0.1/32 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D 33.1.2.1/32 10 D 33.1.3.1/32 10 D [R4]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop D34.1.1.3 D D D D 先写ACL去掉不想要的路由，放过其它的所有。[R2]aclnumber [R2]ospf[R3]disyiprouting-tableprotocol[R3]disyiprouting-tableprotocol12.1.1.0/24 10 D 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 44.1.0.0/22O_NSSA150 D 44.1.1.1/32 10 D [R1-LoopBack1]ospfenable1area[R3]disyiprouting-tableprotocol11.1.2.1/32 10 D 12.1.1.0/24 10 D 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 44.1.0.0/22O_NSSA150 D 41.4.15OSPF R1R2在R2上修改route-ID,和R1的一致：[R2]ospf1router-idInfo:Theconfigurationsucceeded.YouneedtorestarttheOSPFprocesstovalidatethenewrouter<R2>resetospfWarning:TheOSPFprocesswillbereset.Continue?[R1]disyospfpeer<R1>resetospf<R1>resetospf <R1>disyospf Generalpacket :IP:receivedmyown :Bad :Bad :Bad :Badarea :Droponunnumbered :Badvirtual :Badauthentication :Badauthentication :Packettoo :Packetsize>ip :Transmit :Interface :Unknown:Badnet :Externoption:Routerid<R1>debugging<R1>debuggingospfeventMay17201319:17:03-R1%%01OSPF/4/ _ROUTERID_INTF(l)[0]:OSPFRouterid isdetectedoninterface. =1,RouterId=11.1.1.1,AreaId=0.0.0.1,InterfaceName=Ethernet0/0/0,IpAddr=12.1.1.1,//以上信息的红色部分可以很清楚的表明出错的接口与邻居的IP[R2]ospf1router-id<R2>resetospfWarning:TheOSPFprocesswillbereset.Continue?[R1]disyospfpeerOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1PeerStatisticInformationArea Neighbor [R2]ospf[R2-ospf-1]area[R1]disyospfpeer[R1]disy[R1]disyospfGeneralpacket :IP:receivedmyown :Bad :Bad :Bad :Badarea :Droponunnumbered :Badvirtual :Badauthentication :Badauthentication :Packettoo :Packetsize>ip :Transmit :Interface :Unknown :Badnet :Externoption :Routerid[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]undonetwork12.1.1.20.0.0.0[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]undonetwork12.1.1.20.0.0.0[R1]disyospfpeerbrief[R1]disyospferrorGeneralpacketerrors: :IP:receivedmyown :Bad :Bad :Bad :Badarea :Droponunnumbered :Badvirtual :Badauthentication :Badauthentication :Packettoo :Packetsize>ip :Transmit :Interface :Unknown :Badnet :Externoption :RouteridconfusionOpacketerrors: :Netmask otimer :Deadtimer :Virtualneighbor :NBMAneighbor :InvalidSource<R1>debuggingospf May17201319:39:20.750.2-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:SourceAddress:May17201319:39:20.750.3-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:DestinationAddress:May17201319:39:20.750.4-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Ver#2,Type:1(May17201319:39:20.750.5-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Length:44,Router:May17201319:39:20.750.6-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Area:0.0.0.1,Chksum:May17201319:39:20.750.7-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:AuType:May17201319:39:20.750.8-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:Key(ascii):0000000May17201319:39:20.750.9-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:NetMask:May17201319:39:20.750.10-08:00R1 oInt:10,May17201319:39:20.750.11-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:RtrPriority:1,DeadInt:May17201319:39:20.750.12-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:DR:May17201319:39:20.750.13-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:BDR:May17201319:39:20.750.14-08:00R1RM/6/RMDEBUG:#AttachedNeighbors:May17201319:39:20.750.15-08:00R1 o时间不一 o<R1>disyospferrorGeneralpacketerrors: :IP:receivedmyown :Bad :Bad :Bad :Badarea :Droponunnumbered :Badvirtual :Badauthentication :Badauthentication :Packettoo :Packetsize>ip :Transmit :Interface :Unknown :Badnet :Externoption :RouteridOpacket :Netmask otimer :Deadtimer :Virtualneighbor :NBMAneighbor :InvalidSource [R1]disyospferror :IP:receivedmyown 301:Bad :Bad :Bad :Badarea :Droponunnumbered :Badvirtual :Badauthentication :Badauthentication :Packettoo :Packetsize>ip :Transmit :Interface :Unknown :Badnet :Externoption :Routerid4.16OSPF如图所示。Area2没有与area0相连接。也就是说area2是没有ABR。R3虽然连接了AREA1AREA2ABR，并不会把区域间学到的路由引入到另一[R1]ospf1router-id[R3]ospf1router-id[R4]ospf1router-id[R2]disyospfpeerOSPFProcess1withRouterID22.1.1.1PeerStatisticInformationArea Neighbor yospf yospfpeerOSPFProcess1withRouterIDPeerStatisticArea Neighbor 再分别到R1与R4上查看路由表：[R1]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPre Flags 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D [R4]disyiprouting-tableprotocol如上所述，由于R3ABRarea2R4area1，也不会把从area1学到的路由告诉area2.的route-ID,不能随意的变动。攻城 #^_^# 归原作者所 本资料供试[R2]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID22.1.1.1VirtualLinksVirtual-linkNeighbor-id->33.1.1.1,Neighbor-State:FullInterface:23.1.1.2(Ethernet0/0/1)Cost:1State:P-2-PType:VirtualTransitArea:0.0.0.1 o10,Dead40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayR1R4[R1]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 101 D12.1.1.2 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D 34.1.1.0/24 10 D 44.1.1.1/32 10 D [R4]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.1/32OSPF 103 D34.1.1.3 12.1.1.0/24 10 D 22.1.1.1/32 10 D 23.1.1.0/24 10 D 33.1.1.1/32 10 D R4攻城狮(技术+生活)[R4]disyospflsdb LinkStateAgeLenSequence 1642 118 Network1642 Sum-Net118 Sum-Net118 Sum-Net118 Sum-Net118 Sum-Net118 [R3]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID33.1.1.1VirtualLinksVirtual-linkNeighbor-id->22.1.1.1,Neighbor-State:DownInterface:23.1.1.3(Ethernet0/0/0)Cost:1State:P-2-PType:VirtualTransitArea:0.0.0.1 o10,Dead40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay[R3]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID33.1.1.1OSPFerrorstatisticsGeneralpacket :IP:receivedmyown :Bad :Bad :Bad :Badarea :Droponunnumbered :Badvirtual :Badauthentication :Badauthentication :Packettoo :Packetsize>ip :Transmit :Interface :Unknown :Badnet :Externoption[R3]disyospfv[R3]disyospfvlinkOSPFProcess1withRouterID33.1.1.1VirtualLinksVirtual-linkNeighbor-id->22.1.1.1,Neighbor-State:FullInterface:23.1.1.3(Ethernet0/0/0)Cost:1State:P-2-PType:VirtualTransitArea:0.0.0.1 o10,Dead40,Retransmit5,TransmitDelayFRP2MP[R1-Serial0/0/0]link-protocolfrietf WarningTheencapsulationprotocolofthelinkwillbechanged.[R1-Serial0/0/0]undofrinarp [R1-Serial0/0/0]ipadd123.1.1.1255.255.255.0[R1-Serial0/0/0]frmapip123.1.1.2102broadcast [R1-Serial0/0/0]frmapip123.1.1.3103broadcast[R2-Serial0/0/0]undofrinarp[R3-Serial0/0/0]undofrinarp123.1.1.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom123.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=20msReplyfrom123.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=10msReplyfrom123.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=50msReplyfrom123.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=255time=20msReplyfrom123.1.1.3:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=255time=30ms123.1.1.2:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom123.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=60msReplyfrom123.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=30msReplyfrom123.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=60msReplyfrom123.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=255time=20msReplyfrom123.1.1.2:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=255time=40msDLCI=102,IP123.1.1.2,createtime=2013/05/2019:52:16,status=ACTIVEencapsulation=ietf,vlink=1,broadcastDLCI=103,IP123.1.1.3,createtime=2013/05/2019:52:21,status=encapsulation=ietf,vlink=2,DLCI=201,IP123.1.1.1,createtime=2013/05/2019:53:24,status=encapsulation=ietf,vlink=1,DLCI=301,IP123.1.1.1,createtime=2013/05/2019:54:07,status=encapsulation=ietf,vlink=1,接着配置[R1]ospf1router-id[R2]ospf1router-id[R3]ospf1router-id去查看接口的OSPF[R2]disyospfinterfaceSerialOSPFProcess1withRouterID22.1.1.1Cost:1562 State:DROther Type:NBMA Priority:0 o30,Dead120,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay[R1]disyospfpeerArea Neighbor 上，所以我们修改R2,R3的优先集为0[R1]disyospfpeerOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1PeerStatisticInformationArea Neighbor [R1]disy[R1]disyiprouting-tableprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 22.1.1.1/32OSPF 101562 D123.1.1.2 33.1.1.1/32 10 D [R2]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.1/32OSPF 101562 D123.1.1.1 33.1.1.1/32 10 D [R3]disyiproutingprotocol ProtoPreCost FlagsNextHop 11.1.1.1/32OSPF 101562 D123.1.1.1 22.1.1.1/32 10 D [R2]-a22.1.1.133.1.1.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakRequesttimeoutRequesttimeoutRequesttimeoutRequesttimeoutRequesttimeout//结果是有路由，但是不通，原因很简单，没有二层的映射关系，分别到R2与R3[R2]-a22.1.1.133.1.1.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtoReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=254time=100msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=254time=30msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=254time=70msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=254time=60msReplyfrom33.1.1.1:bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=254time=40ms[R1]disyospfOSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1Area0.0.0.0interface123.1.1.1(Serial0/0/0)'sneighborsRouterID:22.1.1.1 Address:123.1.1.2State:FullMode:NbrisMasterPriority:0DR:NoneBDR:NoneMTU:0Deadtimerduein112secRetranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor00:00:19AuthenticationSequence:[0][R2]disyospfinterface[R2]disyospfinterfaceSerialOSPFProcess1withRouterID22.1.1.1Cost: Type: MTU:// o30,Dead120,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay用以上令可以修改OSPF的各种网络类型，这里不再一一演示。明白网络类型的意义，自己多修改OSPF的网络类型。[R1-Serial0/0/0]link-protocolfr [R1-Serial0/0/0]undoshutdown [R1-Serial0/0/0.13]ipaddress13.1.1.1255.255.255.0[R1-Serial0/0/0.13]undoshutdown[R2-Serial0/0/0]link-protocolfr[R2]interfaceSerial0/0/0.12p2p[R2-Serial0/0/0.12]ipaddress12.1.1.2255.255.255.0[R2-Serial0/0/0.12]undoshutdown[R3-Serial0/0/0]link-protocolfr[R3]interfaceSerial0/0/0.13p2p[R3-Serial0/0/0.13]ipaddress13.1.1.3255.255.255.0[R3-Serial0/0/0.13]undoshutdown[R1]ospf1router-id[R2]ospf1router-id[R3]ospf1router-id然是NBMA,所以需要修改OSPF的网络类型为点到点。[R1]disyospfinterfaceSerial0/0/0.12OSPFProcess1withRouterID11.1.1.1Cost:1562 State:Waiting Type:NBMA Priority:1DesignatedRouter:0.0.0.0BackupDesignatedRouter:0.0.0.0 o30,Dead120,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay[R1-Serial0/0/0.12]ospfnetwork-typep2p[R1]