2021-2022学年上海市闵行区高三（上）期末英语试卷（一模）

第1页（共1页）2021-2022学年上海市闵行区高三（上）期末英语试卷（一模）Ⅰ.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections：InSectionA，youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation，aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper，anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．（1分）Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace？A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Inapub.D.Inacoffeeshop.2．（1分）Whatdoesthemanmean？A.Hesuggestseatingout.B.Hedoesn'tlikethetalkshow.C.Heenjoysmakingdinner.D.Hepreferstohaveready﹣madefood.3．（1分）Whatisthewomandoing？A.Writinganapplicationletter.B.Searchingforinformation.C.Havinganonlineinterview.D.Learninghigh﹣techknowledge.4．（1分）Whatisthewomancallingfor？A.Checkingthebusinesshours.B.Makingacomplaint.C.Requiringfeesforarepair.D.Changinganitem.5．（1分）Accordingtothewoman，whatmakesthesweaterunsuitablefortheman？A.Itscolor.B.Itsmaterial.C.Itsstyle.D.Itsbrand.6．（1分）Whatarethespeakerscomplainingabout？A.Noiseinawaitingroom.B.Facilitiesinahotel.C.Servicesinarestaurant.D.Environmentinacinema.7．（1分）Whatdoesthewomanmean？A.TheTVisn'tworthrepairing.B.Johnshouldgiveprioritytohisstudy.C.ShecangettheTVtoworkagain.D.SomeoneshouldhelpJohn.8．（1分）Whatdoesthemanmean？A.Hepreferstodosomethingelse.B.Heisthelastpersontoofferhelp.C.Heisquitelateforthedinnerparty.D.Hewilldoanythingtohelp.9．（1分）Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation？A.Theman'sspeechwaspersuasive.B.ThewomanmisunderstoodPhilip'stopic.C.Thewomanwaspuzzledbythespeech.D.Themanfailedtowinthespeechcontest.10．（1分）Whatdoesthewomanimply？A.Sheiskeenonabstractpaintings.B.Sheisn'tabletoappreciatethepaintings.C.Shedoesn'tlikearthistoryclass.D.Shehasabettertasteofartthantheman.SectionBDirections：InSectionB，youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation，andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice，butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.11．（4.5分）（1）WhowontheAnimalBehaviorPrize？A.PeterEvans.B.JimCarson.C.GioSantos.D.KirenNadar.（2）Howdoesthemonkeylooklikeinthepicture？A.Frightened.B.Excited.C.Desperate.D.Quiet.（3）WhichstatementistrueaboutKirenNadar？A.Hewonthegrandprizeoftheyear.B.Hetakespicturesofendangeredanimals.C.Heshotsimagesofcommoncreatures.D.Helovestoobserveanimalbehaviors.12．（4.5分）（1）WhatdoesVoltermanwalletmainlyfocuson？A.Convenience.B.Flexibility.C.Lightweight.D.Security.（2）WhatwillyoureceiveifyourVoltermanwalletisstolen？A.Apictureofthethief.B.Atextmessage.C.Thetrackofthethief.D.Avoicemessage.（3）Whichofthefollowingfunctionaboutthewalletisnotmentioned？A.Distancealarm.B.GPStracking.C.Digitalpayment.D.Powersupply.13．（6分）（1）WhathappenedwhenTimusedaguidebookinAustralia？A.Hefoundthebestbudgethotelever.B.Heendedupatanunexpecteddestination.C.Helosthiswaytothebookedhotel.D.Ittookhimlongtofindthebookedhotel.（2）WhatdoesTimsayabouttheinformationintheguidebooks？A.Backgroundinformationisn'tnecessary.B.Informationshouldbemorevividlywritten.C.Travelersdon'treadtheinformationcarefully.D.Informationshouldberevisedmoreoften.（3）WhydoesTimlikeTwittertourism？A.Becauseitallowshimtosavetimeandexpense.B.Becausehecangetfreeadvicefromthelocalpeople.C.Becauseithelpshimdiscoversomeunusualthingstodo.D.Becausehecanmeetmoretravelersandshareexperiences.（4）WhatdoesTimmainlytellus？A.Thelimitationofguidebooks.B.Theimportanceofguidebookusage.C.Howtochoosearightguidebook.D.Therealvalueoftraveling.Ⅱ.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.14．（10分）TheUKgovernmentrecentlyhasmadeaplantoreducewastethatshiftstheresponsibilityfordisposal（处置）fromthestatetothecompaniesthatmakeit.Thelegislation（法律条文）requireswasteproducerstopayintothesystem（1）orthroughtheirsuppliers.Thatis（2）thegovernmentcalledaPolluterPaysPrinciple.Simply（3）（state），thePolluterPaysPrincipleimpliesthatthecostsassociatedwithpollutionaretobepaidbypolluters，notbygovernmentorsociety.Businesseswillhavetochangetheirwasteprocessingbeforethetaxcomesintoeffect.Thisissimilartotheanti﹣wastelegislationpassedinFranceinFebruary2020（4）forbidstheproducerstodestructtheunsoldclothing，cosmetics，andelectricalproducts.Companieswillhavetoreuseorrecycletheitems.ThedemandforlegislationlikethetoughattitudetheUK（5）（take）hasbeenincreasingaccordingtoPositiveNews.Anditisnotjustenvironmentalgroupscallingforthechanges.Thisisaconsumerdrivenmovementandpeoplearewillingtopaymoreforsustainablebrands.Inthepastyearalone，salesofconsumergoodsfrombrandswithademonstratedcommitmenttosustainabilityhavegrownmorethan4%globally，（6）thosewithoutgrewlessthan1%.Whatisabsolutelycertainisthatlocalgovernmentswillsavealotofmoneyastheresponsibilityshiftstothepolluters.Thatcouldbe（7）（good）investedinthingslikesocialcareorparksorlibraries.Othercountrieshavealreadymadegreatprogressinreducingwaste.Sofar，Sweden'santi﹣wasteprogramissoefficientthatthewholecountryisrunningoutoftrash.The（8）（recycle）rateisalmost99percentandtheyarerapidlyapproachingzerowaste.Inmanycountries，kitchenandgardeningwastemakesupofthebiggestpartofwaste.Thistypeofwaste，（9）collectedseparately，canbeturnedintoanenergysourceorfertilizer.（10）thedifferencesinpoliciesandregulations，onethingisclear：governmentsaresharingacommonconceptthatthepreventionofenvironmentaldamageshouldbebasedonconcreteprinciplesandsolidactions.SectionBDirections：Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.15．（10分）A.gradeB.commercializedC.demandD.unproductiveE.sampledF.protectedG.processH.contributorI.transportJ.cultivationK.consumptionEco﹣friendly，lab﹣growncoffeeisonthewayHeikoRischerisn'tquitesurehowtodescribethetasteoflab﹣growncoffee.Thissummerhe（1）oneofthefirstbatches（批）intheworldproducedfromcellcultures（细胞培养）ratherthancoffeebeans."Todescribeitisdifficultbut，forme，itwasinbetweenacoffeeandablacktea，"saidRischer，headofplantbiotechnologyattheVTTTechnicalResearchCentreofFinland，whichdevelopedthecoffee."Itdependsreallyontheroasting（2），andthiswasabitofalighterroast，soithadalittlebitmoreofatea﹣likefeeling."Peoplehavetowaitbeforetheycantastethecoffee，asthiscellularagricultureinnovationisnotyetapprovedforpublic（3）.RischerpredictsthatVTT'slab﹣growncoffeecouldgetapprovalfromthegovernmentsinEuropeandtheUSinaboutfouryears'time，pavingthewayfora（4）productthatcouldhaveamuchlowerclimateimpactthanconventionalcoffee.Thecoffeeindustryisbotha（5）totheclimatecrisisandveryvulnerable（脆弱的）toitseffects.Rising（6）forcoffeehasbeenlinkedtodeforestation（砍伐森林）indevelopingnations，damagingbiodiversityandreleasingcarbonemissions.Atthesametime，coffeeproducersarestrugglingwiththeimpactsofmoreextremeweather，fromfroststodroughts.It'sestimatedthathalfofthelandusedtogrowcoffeecouldbe（7）by2050duetotheclimatecrisis.Inresponsetotheindustry'schallenges，companiesandscientistsaretryingtodevelopandcommercializecoffeemadewithoutcoffeebeans.VTT'scoffeeisgrownbyfloatingcellculturesinbioreactors（生物反应堆）filledwithanutrient.The（8）requiresnopesticidesandhasamuchlowerwaterfootprint，saidRischer，andbecausethecoffeecanbeproducedinlocalmarkets，itcuts（9）emissions.Thecompanyisworkingonalifecycleanalysisoftheprocess."Oncewehavethosefigures，wewillbeabletoshowthattheenvironmentalimpactwillbemuchlowerthanwhatwehavewithtraditional（10），"Rischersaid.Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.16．（15分）Tryingtomakeabigdecisionwhileyou'realsopreparingforascarypresentation？Youmightwantto（1）doingthat.Mostpeopleprefertohavesufficienttimetoanalyzeasituationandconsiderthe（2）.Feelingstressedchangeshowpeople（3）riskandreward.AnewarticlepublishedinCurrentDirectionsinPsychologicalSciencereviewshow，understress，peoplepaymoreattentiontothe（4）ofapossibleoutcome.Pressurecanresultin（5）attentionandtheuseofunconsciousreasoning.Itcanforceadecision﹣makertosorttherelevantfactorsfromtheirrelevant，andcan（6）clearthinkingwithspecificpriorities.It'sabit（7）thatstressmakespeoplefocusonthewaythingscouldgoright，saysMaraMatheroftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia."Thisissortofnotwhatpeoplewouldthink，"Mathersays，"Stressisusuallyassociatedwithdisagreeableexperiences，soyou'dthinkthatmaybeI'mgoingtobemorefocusedonthe（8）outcomes."Butresearchershavefoundthatwhenpeopleareunderstress﹣bybeingtoldtoholdtheirhandinicewaterforafewminutes，forexample，orgiveaspeech﹣theystartpayingmoreattentiontopositiveinformationand（9）negativeinformation."Stressseemstoworsentheirlearningfromnegativefeedback，"Mathersays.Thismeanswhenpeopleunderstressaremakingadifficultdecision，theymaypaymoreattentiontotheupsidesofthealternativesthey'reconsideringandlesstothedownsides.Sosomeonewho'sdecidingwhethertotakeanewjobandisfeelingstressedbythe（10）mightweightheincreaseinsalarymoreheavilythantheworsecommute（通勤）.Theincreasedfocusonthepositivealsohelpsexplainwhystressplaysarolein（11），andpeopleunderstresshaveahardertimecontrollingtheirurges."Thecompulsiontogettherewardcomesstrongerandthey'relessableto（12）it，"Mathersays.Soapersonwho'sunderstressmightthinkonlyaboutthegoodfeelingsthey'llgetfromnegativethingslikeadrug，whilethe（13）shrinktothedistance.Stressalso（14）thedifferencesinhowmenandwomenthinkaboutrisk.Whenmenareunderstress，theybecomeevenmore（15）totakerisks；whenwomenarestressed，theygetmoreconservative.Matherlinksthistoanotherresearchthatfinds，atdifficulttimes，mentendtofacethesituation，whilewomenarelikelytobemoreconservative.（1）A.tryB.delayC.denyD.forbid（2）A.requirementsB.reasonsC.chancesD.alternatives（3）A.weighB.overlookC.confuseD.classify（4）A.imperfectionB.riskC.advantageD.uncertainty（5）A.conflictedB.focusedC.unexpectedD.separated（6）A.breakoffB.holdupC.accountforD.bringout（7）A.surprisingB.fortunateC.reasonableD.pleasant（8）A.consciousB.immediateC.negativeD.favorable（9）A.neglectingB.enhancingC.analyzingD.evaluating（10）A.positionB.decisionC.qualificationD.schedule（11）A.judgementB.progressC.relationshipD.addiction（12）A.valueB.adoptC.resistD.maintain（13）A.downsidesB.desiresC.defeatsD.benefits（14）A.declinesB.increasesC.eliminatesD.worsens（15）A.reliableB.reluctantC.qualifiedD.willingSectionBDirections：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.17．（8分）SashasavesthedayThoughIcan'trecallwhothegiftwasfrom，whatIdorememberaboutthegiftismyinitialreactiontoit.Whenourtoddler（学步的小孩）openedtheboxandpulledoutthesofttoy，mymindimmediatelywenttotheexistingmountainofstuffedanimalsinourhouse.Iknewthatthisorangeknitcat，namedSasha，accordingtothebox，wasstraightintothatpile.Wehadnoideawhatwewereupagainst.WhenthegiftboxcontainingSashaarrivedtwoyearsintoourtimeasparents，mostsurfacesinourhousewerecoveredinkidstuff.Wehaddiscoveredthatwecouldlivewithprettymuchanythingifitkeptthepeaceandkeptourkidsafe.AsIexpected，Sashawentintothemountainofstuffedanimals.Lesspredictably，however，theknitcatdidn'tstayinthepile.I'mnotsurewhy.Sashaissweetbutlooksunremarkable.Pictureamedium﹣sizedknitorangecatwithanangledsmileandapurplesweater.NodoubtpartofSasha'sappealcamefromitsinvolvementinmealtimes.Weweredesperatefordistractions，particularlywhenoursonwasinthehighchair.Withoutentertainment，ourtoddlerwouldfighttheinjusticeofbeingrequiredtostayseatedwhileeating.MyhusbandstartedtouseSashainthedistractiongameswithsuccess.Weknewwewereontosomethingwhenoursonstartedaskingtogointohishighchairtoplaythe"Sashagame".Intime，Sasha'spowersgrewbeyonddistraction.Ifwewerehavingahardtimetalkingoursonintodoingsomething，sometimestheknitcatcouldbringhimaround.Thiscomfortwasparticularlycriticalwhenitwasbedtime.Sleepwaschallengingforoursonforalongtimeand，asaresult，forus.Wediscoveredthatourchildlikedtocuddle（依偎）theknitcatatnightandwasabletosettledownmoreeasilyifSashawasthere.Thismadetheknitcatpricelessinourhousehold.Remarkably，oursonisnowateenagerand，ifallgoesasplanned，hewillleavehometoattenduniversitylaterthisyear.Sashanolongerhasaprominentroleinourday﹣to﹣daylives，butIknowthatIwillneverthrowSashaout.Wealllovethatknitcat.Comefall，whenIamanemptynester，ImightjustpullSashaoutagaintoprovidecomforttome.（1）Whentheauthorfirstsawthegift，shethoughtthat.A.itwouldaddhappyhourstothefamilyB.itwouldnotbeappreciatedC.itwasuniqueamongothertoysD.herkidwouldfinditfascinating（2）Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor'skid？A.Hewasrestlesswheneating.B.Hepreferredtobeleftalone.C.Helikedtocollectknittoys.D.Hetalkedalotwiththetoy.（3）Thesentence"theknitcatcouldbringhimaround"probablymeansthat.A.theknitcatsometimesdroveawaythekid'sattentionB.theknitcatwasalwaysplayingaroundtheboyC.theknitcatcouldpersuadetheboytodosomethingD.theknitcathadhardtimetalkingwiththekid（4）Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue？A.Atfirstsight，theknitcatwasappealingtothefamily.B.Theknitcathelpedthekidtobehavebetterwheneating.C.Theboywasabletosleepwellwiththeknitcataroundhim.D.Theauthoralsoenjoysthecompanyoftheknitcate.18．（6分）（Youmayreadthequestionsfirst.）Book1InFactfulness，ProfessorHansRoslingaskssimplequestionslike‘Howmanygirlsfinishschool？'and‘Whatpercentageoftheworld'spopulationispoor？'Itturnsoutthatthemajorityofusgettheanswerstothesequestionscompletelywrong.Whydoesthishappen？Factfulnesssetsouttoexplainwhy，showingthatthereareseveralinstinctshumanshavethatdistort（扭曲）ourperspective.Yes，therearerealconcerns.Butweshouldadoptamindsetoffactfulness–onlycarryingopinionsthataresupportedbystrongfacts.Thisbookfocusesonourinstinctivebiases（偏见），offeringpracticaladvicetohelpusseethegoodaswellasthebadintheworld.Book2Arethingsgettingworseeveryday？Isprogressanimpossiblegoal？InEnlightenmentNow，StevenPinkerlooksatthebigpictureofhumanprogressandfindsgoodnews.Wearelivinglonger，healthier，freerandhappierlives.Pinkerasksustostoppayingsomuchattentiontonegativeheadlinesandnewsthatdeclarestheendoftheworld.Instead，heshowsussomecarefullyselecteddata.In75surprisinggraphs，weseethatsafety，peace，knowledgeandhealtharegettingbetterallovertheworld.Economicinequality，heclaims，isnotreallyaproblem，becauseitisnotactuallythatimportantforhumanwell﹣being.Book3Formorethantwohundredyearsthosewhoholdnegativethoughtshavebeenwinningthepublicdebate.Theytellusthatthingsaregettingworse.Butasamatteroffact，lifeisgettingbetter.Income，foodavailabilityandlifespanarerising；disease，violenceandchildmortalityarefalling.Best﹣sellingauthorMattRidleydoesn'tonlyexplainhowthingsaregettingbetter；hegivesusreasonswhyaswell.Heshowsushowhumancultureevolvesinapositivedirectionthankstotheexchangeofideasandspecialization.Thisboldbooklooksattheentiretyofhumanhistory–fromtheStoneAgetothe21stcentury–andchangestheconceptthatit'sallgoingdownhill.Book4Themajorityofpeoplebelievethatdevelopingcountriesareinaterriblesituation：sufferingfromincrediblepovertyandwars.Therealityisthatagreattransformationisoccurring.Overthepast20years，morethan700millionpeoplehaveincreasedtheirincomeandcomeoutofpoverty.Thisishappeningacrossdevelopingcountriesaroundtheworld.TheendoftheColdWar，thedevelopmentofnewtechnologiesandbravenewleadershiphavehelpedtoimprovethelivesofhundredsofmillionsofpeopleinpoorcountries.InhisbookTheGreatSurge，StevensRadeletdescribeshowallofthisishappeningand，moreimportantly，itshowsushowwecanspeeduptheprocess.（1）Whatisthecommonfeatureofthefourbooks？A.Theyfocusonthepresentsituationsconcerningdevelopingcountries.B.Theyemphasizetheimportanceofdealingwithproblemsinpoorcountries.C.Theytrytodirectreaderstoapositivepathintermsofhumandevelopment.D.Theyappealtoshowmoresympathyandunderstandingforpoorcountries.（2）Whichauthorsupportshisargumentsbyprovidingfactualevidence？A.HansRoslingasksB.StevenPinkerC.MattRidleyD.StevensRadelet（3）WhichofthefollowingcanbeapossibletitleforBook3？A.TheRationalOptimistB.HumanHistory：WhereAreWeC.APublicDebateD.OutofPoverty：WhatandHow19．（8分）Astheconceptofemotionalintelligence（EI）hasgoneglobal，we'vewatchedprofessionalsfailastheytrytoimprovetheiremotionalintelligencebecausetheyeitherdon'tknowwheretofocustheireffortsortheyhaven'tunderstoodhowtoimprovetheseskillsonapracticallevel.Inourworkconsultingwithcompaniesandcoachingleaders，wehavefoundthatifyou'relookingtodevelopparticularEIstrengths，ithelpstoconsiderareasforimprovementothershaveidentifiedalongwiththegoalsyouwanttoachieve﹣andthentoactivelybuildhabitsinthoseareasratherthansimplyrelyingonunderstandingthemconceptually.Thefirststepistogetasenseofhowyourself﹣perception（howyouseeyourself）differsfromyourreputation（howothersseeyou）.ThisisespeciallytrueforthedevelopmentofEIbecausewecanbeblindtohowweexpressandreadtheemotionalcomponentsofourinteractions.Forexample，mostofusthinkthatwe'regoodlisteners，butveryoftenthat'sreallynotthecase.Withoutthisexternalrealitycheck，itwillbedifficultforyoutoidentifythewaysthatyouractionsaffectyourperformance.Gettingfeedbackfromotherscanalsoprovideproofofthenecessityofshiftingourbehaviorandmotivationtodoso.Togiveyouthebestsenseofwherethedifferencesliebetweenyourself﹣perceptionandreputation，youshouldusea360﹣drgreefeedbackassessmentthattakesintoaccountthemultipleaspectsofEI.Thekeyistofindonetogiveyoufeedback，whichisfocusedondevelopmentandnotonperformanceassessment.Andthatcangiveyouadetailedunderstandingofhowotherpeople'sassessmentsofyoudifferfromyourownassessments.Secondly，whenyougetyourfeedbackfromanassessment，letthatinformwhatyouwanttoimprove.Butalsoconsiderwhatyourgoalsare.Whenitcomestocultivatingstrengthsinemotionalintelligence，you'reatahugedisadvantageifyou'reonlyinterestedbecauseotherssaidyoushouldbe.Youremotionalintelligenceissotiedupinyoursenseofselfthatbeingintrinsically（内在的）motivatedtomaketheeffortmattersmorewhenchanginglongstandinghabitsthanitdoeswhensimplylearningaskill.Thatmeanstheareasthatyouchoosetoactivelyworkonshouldlieattheintersectionofthefeedbackyou'vegottenandtheareasthataremostimportanttoyourownaspirations（渴望）.UnderstandingtheinfluencesofyourcurrentEIhabitsrelativetoyourgoalswillkeepyougoingoveralongperiodoftimeasyoudotheworkofstrengtheningyouremotionalintelligence.（1）Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph？A.ProfessionalsfailtounderstandtheconceptsofEI.B.EIplaysakeyroleinprofessionaldevelopment.C.LeadersarebadlyinneedofimprovingtheirEI.D.YouhavetoturntootherstoknowwhichEItoimprove.（2）Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisan"externalrealitycheck"？A.Yougothelpfromyourparentswhenmakingakeydecision.B.Yourteacherdirectedyoutowardsabetterattitudeinstudy.C.YoureflectedyourselfandmadeaNewYearResolution.D.Yourcareerdevelopmentspeedsupwiththeguidanceofothers.（3）Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthe4thparagraph？A.It'smostreliabletofollowyourinnercallwhenyouwanttoimproveyourEI.B.It'shardforotherstoknowyourEIbecauseithidesdeeplybehindyourinnersense.C.WhenyouwanttoimproveEI，youshouldtakeyourgoalsintoconsideration.D.AcquiringanewskillismoresignificantthanyourattempttoimproveyourEI.（4）Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith？A.EffectiveEIdevelopmentisdeterminedbydifferentfactors.B.EIdevelopmentisunlikelytohappenunlessyouknowwhatEIreallyis.C.Theimportanceofperformanceassessmentisunderestimated.D.YourinnerselfdiscouragesyoufromimprovingyourEI.SectionCDirections：Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.20．（8分）A.Thosewholearntoforgivedeserverespectfromothers.B.Toforgiveissomethingthatmostpeoplehavedifficultywith.C.Thedeeperyourpain，thelongeritusuallytakestocompletelyforgive.D.Forgivenessbringsfreedom，whereashateisneithersweetnorsatisfying.E.Forgivenessisnecessarybecauseitreleasesyoufromtheburdenofbitternessandhate.F.Psychologicallyforgivenessisdefinedasadeliberatedecisiontoreleasefeelingsofhatetowardapersonwhohasharmedyou.Arethingsnotworkingoutinyourlife，despiteyourdoingallthe"right"things？Isitpossiblethatyouareholding"unforgiveness"inyourheart？Itisworththinkingabout.Whatdoyoudowhensomebodyhurtsyou？Doyouwanttohurtthatpersonback，ordoyouholditagainstthemfortherestofyourlife？Ifyouanswered"yes"tothesequestions，youarelikemostpeople.（1）.Peopledon'tforgivereadily，becauseitiseasiertohatethantoforgive.Somepeoplethinktoforgiveisasignofweakness，butactuallytoforgivetakescourageandeffort.Forgivenessisagiftfromagenerousheart.Itisnotarewardforgoodbehavior.Itisnotbasedonwhetherthepersondeservesitorwhetherthepersonhasaskedforit.Besides，forgivenessisanactandalong﹣termprocess.（2）.Itisanactbecauseitisnotjustthewordsyousay，butalsoyouractionswhichshowifyou'vetrulyforgivensomeone.（3）.Ittakesalotofenergytohateandtokeepthathateinplace.Hateputsunwantedstressonyourbody.Itisawell﹣knownfact，provenbynumerousstudies，thatbitternesscanactuallymakeyousick.Themomentthoseaffectedpeopleforgiveandletgooftheirhate，theywillstarttogetwell.（4）.Ihavepersonalexperienceofthis.Iusedtobeverycynical（愤世嫉俗的）aboutlifeanddidn'tforgiveeasily.Atthetime，Ialsostruggledineveryareaofmylife.Thingsjustdidn'tseemtoworkoutforme.Itisasifeverythingthatcouldgowrong，alwayswentwrong.Thatwasuntilsomebodytoldmetotakealookatmyattitude.AndwhenIforgavethosewhowrongedmeandchangedmyattitude，everythingelsechanged.Itdidn'thappenovernight.Ittookawhile，butIcouldseeandfeelthedifference.Ⅳ.SummaryWritingDirections：Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.21．（10分）Notsettinghomeworkcanbeimpossibleincertainsituations.Therearemanyargumentsforhomework，andmostteacherswouldagreewithmanyofthefollowing：homeworkisaperfectopportunitytoreviewwhatwasdonewiththeteacher，andrethinkanddevelopthatinitialinput；homeworkoffersamomentforstudentstoworkasindividualsanddevelopself﹣governanceoutsidetheclassroom；studentsandparentsexpecthomeworktobesetandgraded.Nevertheless，thedrawbackshomeworkmayhaveareoftenoverlooked.Therearetwokeyissueswhichneedtoberaisedwhendealingwiththeconceptofhomework.Firstly，thereisthequestionofhome.Oftenhomeworkisnotdoneathomeatall，butatafriend'shouse，onthewaybackhomeortoclass.Additionally，forittobedoneeffectivelyathome，homeworkoftenrequiresadults'involvement.Parentsaren'talwaysavailable，forsomeveryvalidreasons，andatutor'sabilitytoaidandguidemaybelimitedinmanyways.Theimplicationsareunsettling：ifhomeworkiscrucialtosuccessinclass，somechildrenhaveanautomaticdisability.Iftheideaof"home"canbeproblematic，socantheconceptof"work".Veryoftenthereissomuchtodo.Demandontheirtimemeanshomeworkisusuallysomethingtogetoutofthewayasfastaspossible.Itisnotalwaysseenasusefultimespentstrengtheningwhatisdoneinclassbut，rather，assomethi