2021-2022学年广东省广州市荔湾区广雅中学高三（上）期中英语试卷

第1页（共1页）2021-2022学年广东省广州市荔湾区广雅中学高三（上）期中英语试卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。1．（7.5分）Buzzwords（流行词汇）SplinternetEuropeisfloatingregulationthatcouldimposetemporarybansonUStechcompaniesthatviolateitslaws.Ifsuchterritorialagreementsbecomemorecommon，theglobally﹣connectedInternetweknowwillmorelikewhatsomehavecalledthe"splinternet"，oracollectionofdifferentInternetswhoselimitsaredeterminedbynationalorregionalborders.Cyberpunk—Doyouthinkwearealreadyinacyberpunkage？—Ithinkweare.Justlookaroundus，weareenjoyingthefruitofhightechnologywhenweorderalmosteverythingatourfingertips.Butthepeopledeliveringtheproductscan'tevenhaveadecentmeal.That'satypical"hightech，lowlife"contrast.Mansplaining—Youmustfollowmyinstructionstocompletetheproject.Don'tyoueverscrewup.—Stopmansplaining，OK？I'mfarmoreexperiencedthanyou.DigitalnativesIfyouarewonderingwhy"Phone"appiconisdesignedlikethatandlooksalmostthesameoneverysmartphone，youaredefinitelyoneofthedigitalnativeswhodon'tknowwhatatelephoneis.SocialbankruptcyHaveyoueverfounditextremelyexhaustingtryingtomaintainabalancedrelationshipwithallyoursocialmediafriendsandfollowers？Perhapsit'stimethatyougosocialbankruptcy.Justcloseallyouraccountsandgooutandenjoythesunshine.（1）ThesocialmediaplatformFacebookbrieflydecidedtopreventAustralianusersfromsharingnewlinks.Whichwordismostrelevanttothisaffair？A.Splinternet.B.Mansplaining.C.Digitalnatives.D.Socialbankruptcy.（2）Mencius（孟子）oncesaid："Disgustforsomeonebyothersdoesfocusonhis/herpretendingtobeothers'master."Whichwordmeansthesamething？A.Splinternet.B.Cyberpunk.C.Mansplaining.D.Digitalnatives.（3）WhichcolumninTeenSpaceMagazineisthetextprobablyfrom？A.Preface.B.Outlook.C.Story.D.Witticism.2．（10分）Mydoctortookmeforawalkaroundthefarmwhereshelives.Iwasphysicallyandemotionallyexhaustedanddiscouragedbyanxietyanddepression.Theplacewasfulloflife.Therewereinsects，horses，rabbitsandacat.Shetoldmetofocusonmybodyintheenvironment.WhenIwasill，Itendedtoretreatintomymindanddisconnectfromhereandnow.So，whenImetahorsenamedFira，Iexpectednothing.AsIgotclosertoFira，shenuzzledhernoseintomychest，puttingagentlepressureovermyheart.Somethinghappenedinsideme：IfeltasifIhadreachedawellspringofpasthurts，fearsandfailings.Ibegantomeltemotionally.IpattedFira'snoseandbreathedinhersmell.IfoundIdidn'thavetoconcentrateonfeelingbetter；Firahelpedmefeellovedandsafe.IworkedwithFiraoften，learningbasiccommunicationandleadingmethodstoworktogetherwithher.Initially，Iwasn'tsureexactlywhatonewoulddowithahorseexceptridingit.ButIknewthatFirahadtouchedmeinanuncommonwayandhadmademefeelbetter.Sheconnectedwithmebyrespondingtomyemotionalstateandreflectingitbacktomeinanopen，affectionateway.InmymeetingswithFira，IfoundthatIlostmyusualself﹣consciousness，andIwouldfocusentirelyoncommunicating.Ilearnedtoliveinthepresent，tofocusonwhatwashappeningthisday，inthismoment，inthisplace.Ilearnedtoforgetthepast，withallitshurts.Ilearnedtoforgetthefuture，whichhasn'thappenedyet.Whenyoustandbesideahorse，youexistcompletelyinthemoment.WithFirabymyside，Isawintoalifeinwhichtrustcomesfirst，andcompassionfollows.Ifoundadeeppeaceinleadingheralongapath，byusingmyownpowerofintentiontoindicatewhethertostart，stop，turnleftorturnright.Ifeltaninnerquietandevenjoy.Myworkwiththishorsewaspartofajourneyoutofaverydarknightinmysoul.（1）Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstthreeparagraphs？A.Shelovesanimalsverymuch.B.Shesufferedfrommentalillness.C.Shewenttoadoctorwithhighhopes.D.Sheoftenlostconsciousness.（2）WhenshemetFiraforthefirsttime，theauthor.A.feltdeeplytouchedB.hadanemotionalbreakdownC.becamegratefulforherpastpainD.wascuriousaboutwhatwouldhappen（3）WhentheauthorandFiraworkedtogether，.A.theauthorhadtotryhardtofeelbetterB.FirahelpedtheauthorfocusonherthoughtsC.theauthorrecalledherpasthurts，fearsandfailingsD.Firaacceptedtheauthor'semotionsandreactedpositively（4）WhatdidtheauthorlearnduringhertimewithFira？A.Itisimportanttoliveinthemoment.B.Oneshouldn'tbeaffectedbyemotions.C.Oneshouldlearnlessonsfromthepast.D.Itisnecessarytoshowcompassiontoothers.3．（10分）Amasterofwords，aliterarygeniusandaphilosopher，RussianauthorLeoTolstoy（1828﹣1910）isknownbymanyasthegreatestwriterofalltime.Evenin2020，110yearsafterhisdeath，histwogreatestmasterpieces，WarandPeaceandAnnaKarenina，continuetobewidelyread，appreciatedandhighlyinfluential."Iftheworldcouldwritebyitself，itwouldwritelikeTolstoy，"theRussianauthorIsaakBabeloncesaid.Tolstoy'srealisticfictionisfamousforitspowersofobservationandabilitytominethedepthsofhumanconsciousness，suchasthepsychologicalexplorationofamarriedwomaninAnnaKarenina.InWarandPeace，TolstoyalsodescribesRussia'snationalsoulandexpressespublicunitythroughhismanycharacters.Hischaractersfeelalive；theygrow，theychangeandtheystickinthemindsofreaderslongafterthefinalpageisturned.Tolstoy'sinfluenceonliteratureiswithoutcomparison.Authorsregularlymentionhisnovelsastheirhighestambition，worksthattheycouldonlydreamofwritingthemselves.AmericanwriterFrancisScottcalledTolstoythe"greatestofallnovelists"inhisessay.Hewrote，"fromhisfirstwords，wecanbesureofonethingatanyrate–hereisamanwhoseeswhatwesee，whoproceeds，too，asweareaccustomedtoproceeding，notfromtheoutsideinwardsbutfromtheinsideoutwards.""Hedefendsfundamentalvaluessuchaslove，friendshipandfamilyrelations.Hegivespositiveanswerstothequestionsmankindisasking.Inthissensehegivesmorehope，"Tolstoy'sgreat﹣greatgrandson，VladimirIlyichTolstoy，said.Tolstoy'smessageofpeacehasevenhadaneffectontherealworld.HeinspiredtheleaderofIndia'sindependencemovement，MahatmaGhandi，andhisphilosophyofnon﹣violenceoverthecourseofayearinwhichtheywroteletterstoeachother.（1）Whatdoesthesecondparagraphintendtotellus？A.ThewritingstyleofTolstoy.B.Tolstoy'sinfluenceonotherauthors.C.ThecharactersinTolstoy'sworks.D.TheintroductiontothegreatestworksofTolstoy.（2）WhichwordscanbestdescribeTolstoyaccordingtothepassage？A.Humorousandcaring.B.Determinedandoptimistic.C.Productiveandhard﹣working.D.Insightfulandpeace﹣loving.（3）HowdoestheauthorintroduceTolstoyinthispassage？A.Bycontrastingwithotherauthors.B.Byanalyzingcharacteristicsofhisworks.C.Byquotingcommentsandopinions.D.Bydescribinghisdeedsinlife.（4）Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.TolstoyandHisWorksB.Tolstoy'sLifeandAchievementsC.WarandPeace：aGreatMasterpieceD.Tolstoy：aWriterBeyondComparison4．（10分）AcompetitionmakingupVersaillesliteraturewaslaunchedonSinaWeiborecently.SowhatisVersaillesliterature？Actually，thetermhasnothingtodowiththeFrenchpalacenorwithliterature.ItcamefromTheRoseofVersailles，aJapanesemangaseriesaboutaristocratic（贵族化的）lifeatthepalaceofVersaillesinFranceinthelate18thcentury，andwascoinedbyaChineseinfluencerearlierthisyear.Knownashumblebragging，itisaboast（吹牛）disguisedasacomplaint."Ihavetoomanyhouses.HowcanIdecidewhichonetodecorate？"and"IthoughtIlostweightthismorning.SodisappointedwhenIrealizeditwasbecauseItookoffthehugediamondringmyboyfriendgavemelastnight"aresomeexamplesofVersaillesliterature.Theintentionistoshowoff﹣﹣﹣usuallythingsofmaterialisticvalues，yetoneoughttopretendthat'snotthepoint.Asthe19thcenturyEnglishauthorJaneAustenfamouslywrote，"Nothingismoredeceitful（欺诈的）thantheappearanceofhumility（谦逊）."Thepsychologybehindhumblebraggingistoberecognizedforone'ssuccessesandbelikedbyothersatthesametime，accordingtoscholars.InherarticletitledWhydopeoplehatehumblebragging？publishedinPsychologyToday，psychologistDr.SusanKraussWhitbourneattheUniversityofMassachusettsAmherstnotedthathumblebraggingisa"strategyinpursuitofrespect"becauseitdrawsattentiontoone'saccomplishmentsinacircuitousway.However，studiesonsocialmediausersshowthathumblebraggingasaself﹣promotionstrategydoesnotwork.IntheessayHumblebragging：Adistinctandineffectiveself﹣presentationstrategy，theUniversityofNorthCarolinaresearcherOvulSezerandHarvardUniversityscholarsFrancescaGinoandMichaelNortonconcludedfromtheirresearchthathumblebraggersareperceivedmorenegativelythanstraightbraggersduetotheformer'sinsincerity."Thecriticalfactordifferentiatingthetwogroupsofpeopleissincerity.Peopledon'tlikebraggers，buttheyatleastseethemasmoresincerethanhumblebraggers，"saidFrancescaGino.So，howcanweannoyhumblebraggersback？"Justpretendyoudon'tgetwhateveritistheytrytoshowoff，"anetizenadvised."Andrespondwithgenuinesympathyfortheircomplaints."（1）Whichofthefollowingstatementsistypicalof"Versaillesliterature"？A.Youknowwhomyfatheris？MyfatherisLiGang.B.Gotfiveofferstodate.I'matalosswhichtochoose.C.It'saheadachehowtomakemysontidyuphisroomregularly.D.I'mfedupwithlivinginthecountrysidewithnoshoppingmallsaround.（2）Whatisthepsychologybehindhumblebragging？A.Towinothers'sympathy.B.Toearnothers'admiration.C.Toshowhis/hersincerity.D.Tomaskhis/hercomplaint.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedworld"circuitous"inParagraph3probablymean？A.Roundabout.B.Straightforward.C.Ambiguous.D.Double﹣edged.（4）Whatcan'tbeinferredfromthepassage？A.Braggersarerelativelymoresincerethanhumblebraggers.B.Humblebraggingisanartificialappearanceofbeinghumble.C.Torespondwithrealsympathywilldiscouragehumblebraggers.D.Ifyouwanttobeperceivedpositively，avoidusingVersaillesliterature.第二节（共1小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。5．（12.5分）Ihadintroducedtheoctopusawardearlyintheschoolyear.（1）TheclasswascuriousasIcalledhimforward.Iwasholdingapaperinonehandandanoctopusintheother.Isaid，"Youdidverywellonthismathtest.Forshowingsomuchimprovement，you'veearnedtheveryfirstoctopusaward.Butthere'sonemorething."Notbeingsurewhatthiswasallabout，heasked，"What？"Iheldouthispaperandadded，"（2）"Itmeanttherewasnopapertotakehometoshowhisparents.Instead，hewouldhavetheadmirationofhisclassmatesasthefirstwinnerofthisworld.Bytheendoftheyear，onlythequietlittlegirlhadnotwonanoctopus.IknewIcouldn'tmakeupareasontorewardher.（3）OneFridayafternoon，Igaveasimpleassignment."Drawanypictureofyourchoice.（4）"Icollectedtheirpapersandtookthemhometoreview.WhenIsawthelittlegirl'spaper，Igotexcited.Shehaddrawnasimpleblueskyandgreengrassbyapond.Onapathnearbywerethreepeoplesidebyside.Onewasusingcrutches，onewasinawheelchair，andonehadnoobviousphysicalneed.Aboveherdrawingshehadwritten："Theskyisblue.Thegrassisgreen.Andallthepeoplearedifferent."Bingo!Icouldn'twaittogettoclasstomakeatrade﹣anoctopusforthisdrawing.ThelookofjoywhenIcalledherforwardwasworththewait.（5）Whathasremainedishersimplewisdom，treasuredinmyheart.IthelpedmedevelopavarietyofrelationshipsthatIenjoy，justbecause"allthepeoplearedifferent."A.Areyouwillingtoletmekeepthistestpaper？B.Mysecond﹣gradersweresosmartforthat.C.Myfirstwinnerwasalittleboy.D.Doyouwanttogetanyofotherawards？E.Writeafewwordstotellmeaboutit.F.I'mretirednow，andherpaperwaslostinoneofmymanymoves.G.Thesesmallkidswerealittleeasiertotakein.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共1小题：每小题15分，满分15分）6．（15分）AdamFinleyloveshisjobasamailcarrier.Whenthe（1）inhiscommunitymovedentirelyonline，Finleyfeltsorryforthestudents（2）insideallday.Oneday，Finleydecidedtodosomethingtohelpliftthe（3）oftheJonessisterswhohaven'tbeenabletogotoschoolallyear.After（4）withthegirls'parents，Finleydrewsomeindexcards（索引卡）outofhispocketandstartedthefirstofmany（5）ofTick﹣tac﹣toe（井字棋）.Everymorning，thegirlswouldruntothemailboxtoseeFinley'slatestmoveandmaketheirstrategic（6），leavethecardsinthemailbox，andwaitforMr.Adamtomakehismovewhenhereturnedwiththeirmailsthefollowingday."Itwaswhatthey（7）everymorning，seeingwhatmovehewouldmake，"saidMrs.Jones.Finleywouldletthegirls（8）sohecouldrewardthem."Theyarealways（9）towin.I'vesurprisedthemwithgiftcardsforice﹣cream，popcorn，anythingtomakethem（10）.At7：30everymorning，thosegirlsareexcitedwavingatthedoor.That'smy（11），"Finleysaid.NowadaysFinleyisplayingthegamewithotherneighborhoodkids.Mrs.Jonessaidalthough2020hasbeen（12）sheisgratefulforthe（13）ittaughtherandherfamilyabout（14）thesmallmomentsinlife."Thankyou，Finley，forbringingsuch（15）tosuchadarkyear."sheadded.（1）A.mailsB.storesC.schoolsD.libraries（2）A.stuckB.hiddenC.wanderingD.quarrelling（3）A.voicesB.parcelsC.curtainsD.spirits（4）A.bargainingB.checkingC.tradingD.fighting（5）A.gamesB.versionsC.imagesD.wonders（6）A.preparationsB.inventionsC.movesD.cards（7）A.lookedintoB.lookedforwardtoC.lookedforD.lookedbackon（8）A.playB.waitC.createD.win（9）A.expectedB.boredC.excitedD.qualified（10）A.smileB.stayC.hesitateD.wave（11）A.suggestionB.rewardC.decisionD.ending（12）A.strangeB.lengthyC.smoothD.tough（13）A.trickB.lessonC.storyD.skill（14）A.appreciatingB.spendingC.collectingD.recording（15）A.honorB.creditC.opportunityD.light第二节（共1小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。7．（15分）FivedaysafterChinaconcludeditshistoric23﹣dayChang′e﹣5lunarmission，Chinesespaceengineers（1）（make）anewachievementwiththemaidenflight（首航）oftheLongMarch﹣8，（2）liftedofffromtheWenchangSpacecraftLaunchSiteonthecoastofsouthernChina'sislandprovinceofHainanat12：37p.m.onDec.22，2020，sendingfivesatellitesinto（3）（plan）orbit.Itcarriedapayload（载荷）ofabout4.5tons（4）asun﹣synchronous（太阳同步）orbitatanaltitudeof700km.XiaoYun，LongMarch﹣8'sprojectmanager，saidthe（5）（rocket）successfulmaidenflightwouldpushforwardthenation'seffort（6）（become）aworld﹣classspacepower.Researchanddevelopmentstartedin2017andtookaboutthreeyears.（7）（construct）ofthefirstLongMarch﹣8wascompletedinOctober."Itisnotcommonfordesignersandengineerstobuild（8）newrockettypewithinjustovertwoyears，"saidSongZhengyu，LongMarch﹣8'schiefdesigner."Fromthevery（9）（begin），wedecidedthatthisprojectmustbemarket﹣orientedsotherocketcouldbe（10）（compete）intermsofitscostandcarryingcapacity."第四部分写作（共两节；满分15分）第一节（满分15分）8．（15分）假定你是李华，下学期要去美国纽约大学留学，请给美国的朋友Mike写一封电子邮件，让他帮你租一间合适的房子，内容包括：1.向朋友求助；2.对房子的要求及租住时间；3.表示感谢。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节（满分25分）9．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。"Missy，"Icriedtomywife，"didyouputthebananaskinonmydesk？""No，honey，Meghanprobablydid，"AsI'dfeared，shehadmissedmyrealpurposeofthequestionwhichwastomakeitcleartoherthatshehadn'tdoneherjob：defendmydeskagainsttheinvader﹣﹣ournaughtygirl.Iabandonedtheconversation.Isathereatthedesk，andstaredatthescreen.Iwaitedpatientlyforideastocometome，examquestionsforatestIwouldgivemyEnglishstudents.Mywifewasofftoareunionsomewhere，butIwasnotalone.Meghan，our22﹣month﹣olddaughter，keptmecompany.Yetherplansthatdayseemedtogoagainstmine.Shefollowedadailyroutinethatwasbothtime﹣consumingandchallenging.Itincludedcertainbasictasks：watchingthefish，sweepingthecarpetinherroom，climbingupanddownherbed.AtfirstIcouldconcentrateondesigningmytestpaper.ButIwassoonsidetracked（分心的）.Ihadnotcountedonthearrivalofthe"bib﹣bibs"（"Bib﹣bibs"werebirds）."Bib﹣bibs，bib﹣bibs!"Meghanscreamedexcitedly，hereyesalivewithexpectation.SheinsistedthatIgowithhertothewindow."Inasecond，justletmefinishthisquestion，"Isaid.Shepulledmebythehand（twofingers，actually）towardthewindow.Isawmyselfasafool，beingledtowatchthebib﹣bibs.Andwedidwatchthem.Theychatteredandleapedbackandforthonthelawnjustoutsideourapartmentwindow.Meghanwasabsorbed，butasIwatchedthem，Istillthoughtaboutmywork.Suddenlysherushedoutfromtheroom，andIheardhernakedfeetslappingagainstthewoodenflooroutside.Shereturnedwithherdoll，Dumpty.Sheheldhimuptothewindow，stretchinghimoutbyhistwoarmsandwhisperingintohisnonexistentear."Bib﹣bibs，Dumpty，bib﹣bibs!"ThenIlefttheminconversationandreturnedtomydesk.注意：l．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Unfortunately，shecameagainsoon，withhershoesinhandsandpreparingforanouting._________OutofthecomerofmyeyeIcouldseethelittlegirlsobbingbecauseIdidn'thavetimeforher.

2021-2022学年广东省广州市荔湾区广雅中学高三（上）期中英语试卷参考答案与试题解析第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。1．（7.5分）Buzzwords（流行词汇）SplinternetEuropeisfloatingregulationthatcouldimposetemporarybansonUStechcompaniesthatviolateitslaws.Ifsuchterritorialagreementsbecomemorecommon，theglobally﹣connectedInternetweknowwillmorelikewhatsomehavecalledthe"splinternet"，oracollectionofdifferentInternetswhoselimitsaredeterminedbynationalorregionalborders.Cyberpunk—Doyouthinkwearealreadyinacyberpunkage？—Ithinkweare.Justlookaroundus，weareenjoyingthefruitofhightechnologywhenweorderalmosteverythingatourfingertips.Butthepeopledeliveringtheproductscan'tevenhaveadecentmeal.That'satypical"hightech，lowlife"contrast.Mansplaining—Youmustfollowmyinstructionstocompletetheproject.Don'tyoueverscrewup.—Stopmansplaining，OK？I'mfarmoreexperiencedthanyou.DigitalnativesIfyouarewonderingwhy"Phone"appiconisdesignedlikethatandlooksalmostthesameoneverysmartphone，youaredefinitelyoneofthedigitalnativeswhodon'tknowwhatatelephoneis.SocialbankruptcyHaveyoueverfounditextremelyexhaustingtryingtomaintainabalancedrelationshipwithallyoursocialmediafriendsandfollowers？Perhapsit'stimethatyougosocialbankruptcy.Justcloseallyouraccountsandgooutandenjoythesunshine.（1）ThesocialmediaplatformFacebookbrieflydecidedtopreventAustralianusersfromsharingnewlinks.Whichwordismostrelevanttothisaffair？AA.Splinternet.B.Mansplaining.C.Digitalnatives.D.Socialbankruptcy.（2）Mencius（孟子）oncesaid："Disgustforsomeonebyothersdoesfocusonhis/herpretendingtobeothers'master."Whichwordmeansthesamething？CA.Splinternet.B.Cyberpunk.C.Mansplaining.D.Digitalnatives.（3）WhichcolumninTeenSpaceMagazineisthetextprobablyfrom？BA.Preface.B.Outlook.C.Story.D.Witticism.【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些如今流行的流行词汇的含义。【解答】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一段"EuropeisfloatingregulationthatcouldimposetemporarybansonUStechcompaniesthatviolateitslaws.Ifsuchterritorialagreementsbecomemorecommon，theglobally﹣connectedInternetweknowwillmorelikewhatsomehavecalledthe"splinternet"，oracollectionofdifferentInternetswhoselimitsaredeterminedbynationalorregionalborders.（欧洲正在实施一项浮动法规，可能对违反欧洲法律的美国科技公司实施临时禁令。如果这样的领土协议变得更加普遍，我们所知道的全球互联互联网将更像一些人所说的"分裂互联网"，或不同互联网的集合，其界限由国家或地区边界决定。）"可知，社交媒体平台Facebook暂时决定阻止澳大利亚用户分享新的链接，Splinternet与之相关。A.Splinternet.碎片；B.Mansplaining.好为人师；C.Digitalnatives.数字原住民；D.Socialbankruptcy.社会破产。故选A。（2）C.推理判断题。根据Mansplaining部分中"—Youmustfollowmyinstructionstocompletetheproject.Don'tyoueverscrewup.—Stopmansplaining，OK？I'mfarmoreexperiencedthanyou.（﹣﹣﹣﹣你必须按照我的指示完成这个项目。千万别搞砸了。﹣﹣﹣﹣停止好为人师好吗？我比你经验丰富多了。）"可知，孟子说过"Disgustforsomeonebyothersdoesfocusonhis/herpretendingtobeothers'master.（人之患在好为人师）"与C选项"Mansplaining"意思是一样的。故选C。（3）B.文章出处题。根据文章标题"Buzzwords（流行词汇）"以及文章主要介绍了一些如今流行的流行词汇的含义，可推知，文章可能来自《青少年空间杂志》的"前景"专栏。结合选项A.Preface.序言；B.Outlook.前景；C.Story.故事；D.Witticism.俏皮话。故选B。【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。2．（10分）Mydoctortookmeforawalkaroundthefarmwhereshelives.Iwasphysicallyandemotionallyexhaustedanddiscouragedbyanxietyanddepression.Theplacewasfulloflife.Therewereinsects，horses，rabbitsandacat.Shetoldmetofocusonmybodyintheenvironment.WhenIwasill，Itendedtoretreatintomymindanddisconnectfromhereandnow.So，whenImetahorsenamedFira，Iexpectednothing.AsIgotclosertoFira，shenuzzledhernoseintomychest，puttingagentlepressureovermyheart.Somethinghappenedinsideme：IfeltasifIhadreachedawellspringofpasthurts，fearsandfailings.Ibegantomeltemotionally.IpattedFira'snoseandbreathedinhersmell.IfoundIdidn'thavetoconcentrateonfeelingbetter；Firahelpedmefeellovedandsafe.IworkedwithFiraoften，learningbasiccommunicationandleadingmethodstoworktogetherwithher.Initially，Iwasn'tsureexactlywhatonewoulddowithahorseexceptridingit.ButIknewthatFirahadtouchedmeinanuncommonwayandhadmademefeelbetter.Sheconnectedwithmebyrespondingtomyemotionalstateandreflectingitbacktomeinanopen，affectionateway.InmymeetingswithFira，IfoundthatIlostmyusualself﹣consciousness，andIwouldfocusentirelyoncommunicating.Ilearnedtoliveinthepresent，tofocusonwhatwashappeningthisday，inthismoment，inthisplace.Ilearnedtoforgetthepast，withallitshurts.Ilearnedtoforgetthefuture，whichhasn'thappenedyet.Whenyoustandbesideahorse，youexistcompletelyinthemoment.WithFirabymyside，Isawintoalifeinwhichtrustcomesfirst，andcompassionfollows.Ifoundadeeppeaceinleadingheralongapath，byusingmyownpowerofintentiontoindicatewhethertostart，stop，turnleftorturnright.Ifeltaninnerquietandevenjoy.Myworkwiththishorsewaspartofajourneyoutofaverydarknightinmysoul.（1）Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstthreeparagraphs？BA.Shelovesanimalsverymuch.B.Shesufferedfrommentalillness.C.Shewenttoadoctorwithhighhopes.D.Sheoftenlostconsciousness.（2）WhenshemetFiraforthefirsttime，theauthorA.A.feltdeeplytouchedB.hadanemotionalbreakdownC.becamegratefulforherpastpainD.wascuriousaboutwhatwouldhappen（3）WhentheauthorandFiraworkedtogether，D.A.theauthorhadtotryhardtofeelbetterB.FirahelpedtheauthorfocusonherthoughtsC.theauthorrecalledherpasthurts，fearsandfailingsD.Firaacceptedtheauthor'semotionsandreactedpositively（4）WhatdidtheauthorlearnduringhertimewithFira？AA.Itisimportanttoliveinthemoment.B.Oneshouldn'tbeaffectedbyemotions.C.Oneshouldlearnlessonsfromthepast.D.Itisnecessarytoshowcompassiontoothers.【分析】文章是一篇记叙文。在这篇文章中作者描述了最开始自己处于很糟糕的心态中，在遇到Fira后，情况有了改变。【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据原文第一段"Mydoctortookmeforawalkaroundthefarmwhereshelives.Iwasphysicallyandemotionallyexhaustedanddiscouragedbyanxietyanddepression.我的医生带我去她住的农场散步。焦虑和抑郁让我身心俱疲，灰心丧气。"可知，B.Shesufferedfrommentalillness.（她患有精神疾病）正确。故选B。（2）A.推理判断题。根据原文第四段"Somethinghappenedinsideme：IfeltasifIhadreachedawellspringofpasthurts，fearsandfailings.Ibegantomeltemotionally.我的内心发生了变化：我觉得自己仿佛找到了过去伤痛、恐惧和失败的源泉。我的情感开始融化。"可知，作者心里受到了触碰。因此A.feltdeeplytouched（深深地感动了）正确。故选A。（3）D.细节理解题。根据原文第六段"Sheconnectedwithmebyrespondingtomyemotionalstateandreflectingitbacktomeinanopen，affectionateway.她通过对我的情绪状态做出反应，并以一种开放、深情的方式将它反映给我，从而与我建立联系。"可知，它对作者的情绪有反应。D.Firaacceptedtheauthor'semotionsandreactedpositively（Fira接受了作者的情绪并作出了积极的反应）正确。故选D。（4）A.推理判断题。根据原文倒数第三段"Ilearnedtoliveinthepresent，tofocusonwhatwashappeningthisday，inthismoment，inthisplace.我学会了活在当下，专注于这一天、这一刻、这地方正在发生的事情。"可知，作者忘记了痛苦，学会了珍惜当下。A.Itisimportanttoliveinthemoment.（活在当下是很重要的）正确。故选A。【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。3．（10分）Amasterofwords，aliterarygeniusandaphilosopher，RussianauthorLeoTolstoy（1828﹣1910）isknownbymanyasthegreatestwriterofalltime.Evenin2020，110yearsafterhisdeath，histwogreatestmasterpieces，WarandPeaceandAnnaKarenina，continuetobewidelyread，appreciatedandhighlyinfluential."Iftheworldcouldwritebyitself，itwouldwritelikeTolstoy，"theRussianauthorIsaakBabeloncesaid.Tolstoy'srealisticfictionisfamousforitspowersofobservationandabilitytominethedepthsofhumanconsciousness，suchasthepsychologicalexplorationofamarriedwomaninAnnaKarenina.InWarandPeace，TolstoyalsodescribesRussia'snationalsoulandexpressespublicunitythroughhismanycharacters.Hischaractersfeelalive；theygrow，theychangeandtheystickinthemindsofreaderslongafterthefinalpageisturned.Tolstoy'sinfluenceonliteratureiswithoutcomparison.Authorsregularlymentionhisnovelsastheirhighestambition，worksthattheycouldonlydreamofwritingthemselves.AmericanwriterFrancisScottcalledTolstoythe"greatestofallnovelists"inhisessay.Hewrote，"fromhisfirstwords，wecanbesureofonethingatanyrate–hereisamanwhoseeswhatwesee，whoproceeds，too，asweareaccustomedtoproceeding，notfromtheoutsideinwardsbutfromtheinsideoutwards.""Hedefendsfundamentalvaluessuchaslove，friendshipandfamilyrelations.Hegivespositiveanswerstothequestionsmankindisasking.Inthissensehegivesmorehope，"Tolstoy'sgreat﹣greatgrandson，VladimirIlyichTolstoy，said.T