2023年考研考博-考博英语-湘潭大学考试历年真题摘选含答案解析

2023年考研考博-考博英语-湘潭大学考试历年真题摘选含答案解析第1卷一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Althoughskepticssayfinancialproblemswillprobably（

）ourestablishingabaseontheMoon,supportersoftheprojectremain（

）,sayingthathumancuriosityshouldovercomesuchpragmaticconstraints.问题1选项A.beset...disillusionedB.postpone...pessimisticC.prevent...enthusiasticD.allow...unconvinced2.单选题Oneofthegoodthingsformeninwomen'sliberationisthatmennolongerhavetopaywomentheold-fashionedcourtesies.Inanarticleonthenewmanners,Ms.Holmessaysthataperfectlyablewomannolongerhastoacthelplesslyinpublicasifshewereamodel.Forexample,shedoesn’tneedhelpgettinginandoutofcars.”Womengetinandoutofcarstwentytimesadaywithbabiesanddogs.Surelytheycangetoutbythemselvesatnightjustaseasily".Shealsosaysthereisnoreasonwhyamanshouldwalkontheoutsideofawomanonthesidewalk"Historicallythemanwalkedontheinsidesohecaughtthegarbagethrownoutofawindow.Todayamanissupposedtowalkontheoutside.Amanshouldwalkwherehewantsto.Soshouldawoman.If,outofloveandrespect,heactuallywantstotaketheblows,heshouldwalkontheinside—becausethat’swhereattackersareallhidingthesedays".Asfarasmannersareconcerned,IsupposeIhavealwaysbeenasupporterofwomen’sliberation.Overtheyears,outofasenseofrespect,Iimagine,Ihaverefusedtotroublewomenwithoutdatedcourtesies.Itisusuallyeasiertofollowrulesofsocialbehaviorthantodependonone'sowntaste.Butrulesmaybesafelybroken,ofcourse,bythoseofuswiththegiftofnaturalgrace.Forexample,whenamanandwomanareledtotheirtableinarestaurantandthewaiterpullsoutachair,thewomanisexpectedtositinthechair.ThatisaccordingtoMs.AnnClark,Ihavealwaysdoneittheotherwayaccordingtomywife.Itcameuponlytheothernight.Ifollowedthehostesstothetable,andwhenshepulledthechairout,IsatonitquitenaturallysinceithappenedtobethechairIwantedtositin."Well,"mywifesaid,whenthehostesshadgone,"youdiditagain?'"Didwhat?’，Iasked,utterlyconfused"Tookthechair"Actually,sincePdwalkedthroughtherestaurantaheadofmywife,itwouldhavebeenawkward.Ishouldthink,nottohavetakenthechair.Ihadgottherefirstafterall.Also,ithasalwaysbeenmycustomtogetinacarfirst,andletthewomangetinbyherself.ThisisacourtesyIinsistonasthestrongersex,outofloveandrespect.Intimeslikethese,theremightbeattackershiddenabout.Itwouldbeunsuitabletoputawomaninacarthenshutthedooronher,leavingheratthemercyofsomebadfellowwhomightbehidinginthebackseat.1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat（

）.2.Bysaying"youdiditagain”,theauthor'swifemeansthat（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhytheauthorgetsintoacarbeforeawoman?问题1选项A.it’ssafetobreakrulesofsocialbehaviorsB.inwomen’sliberationmenarealsoliberatedC.womenarebecomingmorecompetentthanbeforeD.menshouldwalkintheoutsideofapavement问题2选项A.theauthorshouldhaveshownhispolitenessbypullingoutthechairforherB.theauthorshouldnothavesatdownbeforeshedidC.theauthorshouldnothavesatinthechairpulledoutbythewaitressD.theauthorshouldhavewalkedbehindher问题3选项A.HeintendstobepolitetothewomanB.HedoesthatbyforceofhabitC.HewantstoprotectthewomanfromhiddendangerD.Hethinkswomennowadaysareascapableasmen3.单选题Iremembermeetinghimoneeveningwithhispushcart.Ihadmanagedtosellallmypapersandwascominghomeinthesnow.IthasthatstrangehourindowntownNewYorkwhentheworkerswerepouringhomewardinthetwilight.Imarchedamongthousandsoftiredmenandwomenwhomthefactorywhistleshadunyoked.Theyflowedinriversthroughtheclothingfactorydistricts,thendownalongtheavenuestotheEastSide.ImetmyfathernearCooperUnion.Irecognizedhim,ahunched,frozenfigureinanoldovercoatstandingbyabananacart.Helookedsolonely;thetearscametomyeyes.Thenhesawme,andhisfacelitwithhissad,beautifulsmile——CharlieChaplin'ssmile.“Arch,it’sMikey,”hesaid.“Soyouhavesoldyourpapers!Comeandeatabanana.”Heofferedmeone.Irefusedit.Ifeltitcrucialthatmyfathersellhisbananas,notgivethemaway.HethoughtIwasshy,andcoaxedandjokedwithme;andmademeeatthebanana.Itsmelledofwetstrawandsnow.“Youhaven’tsoldmanybananastoday,pop,Isaidanxiously.Heshruggedhisshoulders.“WhatcanIdo?Nooneseemstowantthem.Itwastrue.Theworkcrowdspushedhomemoroselyoverthepavements.TherustyskydarkenedoverNewYorkbuildings,thetallstreetlampswerelit,innumerabletrucks,streetcarsandelevatedtrainsclatteredby.Nobodyandnothinginthegreatcitystoppedformyfather’sbananas.“Ioughttoyell,”saidmyfatherdolefully.66Ioughttomakeabignoiselikeotherpeddlers,butitmakesmythroatsore.Anyway,I’mashamedofyelling.Itmakesmefeellikeafool.’’Ihadeatenoneofhisbananas.MysickconsciencetoldmethatIoughttopayforitsomehow.Imustremainhereandhelpmyfather.“I’llyellforyou,pop.”Ivolunteered,“Arch,no，’’hesaid,“gohome;youhaveworkedenoughtoday.JusttellmommaI’llbelate.”ButIyelledandyelled.Myfather,standingby,spokeoccasionalwordsofpraise,andsaidIwasawonder&lyeller.Nobodyelsepaidattention.Theworkersdriftedpastuswearily,endlessly;adefeatedarmywrappedindreamsofhome.Elevatedtrainscrashed;theCooperUnionclockburnedaboveus;theskygrewblack,thewindpoured,theslushburnedthroughourshoes.Therewerethousandsofstrange,silentfigurespouringoverthesidewalksinsnow.Noneofthemstoppedtobuybananas.Iyelledandyelled,butnobodylistened.Myfathertriedtostopmeatlast.“Nu,”hesaidsmilingtoconsoleme,“thatwaswonderfulyelling,Mikey.Butit’splainweareunluckytoday!Let’sgohome.”Iwasfrantic,andalmostintears.Iinsistedonkeepingupmydesperateyells..Butatlastmyfatherpersuadedmetoleavewithhim.1.“Unyoked”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto（

）.2.Whichofthefollowingisintendedtobeapairofcontrastinthepassage?3.WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTsuitabletodescribethecharacteroftheson?4.Whatisthethemeofthestory?5.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefatherandtheson?问题1选项A.sentoutB.releasedC.dispatchedD.removed问题2选项A.Hugecrowdsandlonelyindividuals.B.Weatherconditionsandstreetlamps.C.Clatteringtrainsandpeddlers’yells.D.Movingcrowdsandstreettraffic.问题3选项A.Compassionate.B.Responsible.C.Shy.D.Determined.问题4选项A.Themiseryofthefactoryworkers.B.Howtosurviveinaharshenvironment.C.Generationgapbetweenthefatherandtheson.D.Lovebetweenthefatherandtheson.问题5选项A.Indifferent.B.Sympathetic.C.Appreciative.D.Sneering4.单选题Unfortunately,hisdamagingattacksontheramificationsoftheeconomicpolicyhavebeen（

）byhiswholeheartedacceptanceofthatpolicy’sunderlyingassumptions.问题1选项A.supplementedB.underminedC.divertedD.redeemed5.单选题Noonecanbeagreatthinkerwhodoesnotrealizethatasathinkeritisherfirstdutytofollowherintellecttowhateverconclusionsitmaylead.Truthgainsmoreevenbytheerrorsofonewhowithduestudyandpreparation,thinksforhimself,thanbythetrueopinionsofthosewhoonlyholdthembecausetheydonotsufferthemselvestothink.Nothatitissolely,ofchiefly,toformgreatthinkersthatfreedomofthinkingisrequired.Onthecontrary,itisasmuchorevenmoreindispensabletoenableaveragehumanbeingstoattainthementalstaturewhichtheyarecapableof.Therehavebeenandmanyagainbegreatindividualthinkersinageneralatmosphereofmentalslavery.Butthereneverhasbeen,noreverwillbe,inthatatmosphereanintellectuallyactivepeople.Whereanyofheterodoxspeculationwasforatimesuspended;wherethereisatacitconventionthatprinciplesarenottobedisputed;wherethediscussionofthegreatestquestionswhichcanoccupyhumanityisconsideredtobeclosed,wecannothopetofindthatgenerallyhighscaleofmentalactivitywhichhasmadesomeperiodsofhistorysoremarkable.Neverwhencontroversyavoidedthesubjectswhicharelargeandimportantenoughtokindleenthusiasmwasthemindofapeoplestirredupfromitsfoundationandtheimpulsegivenwhichraisedevenpersonsofthemostordinaryintellecttosomethingofthedignityofthinkingbeings.Shewhoknowsonlyherownsickofthecaseknowslittleofthat.Herreasonsmaybegood,andnoonemayhavebeenabletorefutethem.Butifsheisequallyunabletorefutethereasonsoftheoppositeside;ifshedoesnotsomuchasknowwhattheyare,shehasnogroundforpreferringeitheropinion.Therationalpositionforherwouldbesuspensionofjudgment,andunlessshecontentsherselfwiththat,sheiseitherledbyauthority,oradopts,likethegeneralityoftheworldthesidetowhichshefeelsthemostinclination.Norisitenoughthatsheshouldheattheargumentsofadversariesfromherownteachers,presentedastheystatethem,andaccompaniedbywhattheyofferasrefutations.Thatisnotthewaytodojusticetothearguments,orbringthemintorealcontactwithherownmind.Shemustbeabletohearthemfrompersonswhoactuallybelievethem;whodefendtheminearnest,anddotheirveryutmostforthem.Shemustknowthemintheirmostplausibleandpersuasiveform;shemustfeelthewholeforceofthedifficultywhichthetrueviewofthesubjecthastoencounteranddisposeof;elseshewillneverreallypossessherselfoftheportionoftruthwhichmeetsandremovesthatdifficulty.Ninety-nineinahundredofwhatarecallededucatedpersonsareinthiscondition;evenofthosewhocanarguefluentlyfortheiropinions.Theirconclusionmaybetrue,butitmightbefalseforanythingtheyknow;theyhaveneverthrownthemselvesintothementalpositionofthosewhothinkdifferentlyformandconsideredwhatsuchpersonsmayhavetosay;andconsequentlytheydonot,inanypropersenseoftheword,knowthedoctrineswhichtheythemselvesprofess.1.Accordingtotheauthor,itisalwaysadvisableto（

）.2.Accordingtotheauthor,inagreatperiodsuchastheRenaissancewemayexpecttofind（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,thepersonwhoholdsorthodoxbeliefswithoutexaminationmaybedescribedinallofthefollowingwaysEXCEPTas（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements（

）.问题1选项A.haveopinionswhichcannotberefutedB.adoptthepointofviewtowhichonefeelsthemostinclinationC.beacquaintedwiththeargumentsfavoringthepointofviewwithwhichonedisagreesD.suspendheterodoxspeculationinfavorofdoctrinaireapproaches问题2选项A.acceptanceoftruthB.controversyoverprinciplesC.inordinateenthusiasmD.adreadofheterodoxspeculation问题3选项A.enslavedbytraditionB.lessthanfullyrationalC.determindedoncontroversyD.havingaclosedmind问题4选项A.AtrulygreatthinkermakesnomistakesB.PeriodsofintellectualachievementareperiodsofunorthodoxreflectionC.Therefutationofacceptedideascanbestbeprovidedbyone’sownteachersD.excessivecontroversypreventsclearthinking6.单选题InhistypicallyAmericanopenstyleofcommunication,Mr.HayesconfrontedIsabetaaboutnotlookingathim.Reluctantly,sheexplainedwhy.AsanewcomerfromMexico,shehadbeentaughttoavoideyecontactasamarkofrespecttoauthorityfigures,teachers,employers,parents.Mr.Hayesdidnotknowthis.HetheninformedherthatmostAmericasinterpretlackofeyecontactasdisrespectanddeviousness.Ultimately,heconvincedIsabelatotryandchangeherhabit,whichsheslowlydid.PeoplefrommanyAsian,LatinAmerican,andCaribbeanculturesalsoavoideyecontactasasignofrespect.ManyAfricanAmericas,especiallyfromtheSouth,observethiscustom,too.Amaster’sthesisbySamuelAvoian,agraduatestudentatCentralMissouriStateUniversity,tellshowmisinterpretingeye-contactcustomscanhaveanegativeimpactwhenwhitefootballcoachesrecruitAfricanAmericanplayersfortheteams.Hereportsthat,whenspeaking,whitecommunicatorsusuallylookawayfromthelistener,onlyperiodicallyglancingatthem.Theydotheopposite,whenlisteningtheyareexpectedtolookatthespeakerallthetime.ManyAfricanAmericascommunicateinanoppositeway.Whenspeaking,theytendtoconstantlystareatthelistener;whenlistening,theymostlylookaway.Therefore,ifwhitesportsrecruitersarenotinformedaboutthesesignificantdifferences,theycanbemisledaboutinterestandattentivenesswheninterviewingprospectiveAfricanAmericanballplayers.InmulticulturalAmerica,issuesofeyecontacthavebroughtaboutsocialconflictsoftwodifferentkindsinmanyurbancenters;non-KoreancustomersbecameangrywhenKoreanshopkeepersdidnotlookatthemdirectly.Thecustomerstranslatedthelackofeyecontactasasignofdisrespect,ahabitblamedforcontributingtotheopenconfrontationtakingplacebetweensomeAsiansandAfricanAmericasinNewYork,Texas,andCalifornia.ManyteacherstoohaveprovidedstoriesaboutclassroomconflictsbasedontheirmisunderstandingAsianandLatinAmericanchildren’lackofeyecontactasbeingdisrespectful.Ontheotherhand,directeyecontacthasnowtakenonanewmeaningamongtheyoungergenerationandacrossethnicborders.Particularlyinurbancenters,whenoneteenagerlooksdirectlyatanother,thisisconsideredaprovocation,sometimescalledmad-dogging,andcanleadtophysicalconflict.Mad-dogginghasbecomethesourceofmanycampusconflicts.Inonehighschool,itresultedinafightbetweenCambodiannewcomersandAfrican-Americanstudents.TheCambodianshadbeenstaringattheotherstudentsmerelytolearnhowAmericansbehave,yettheothersmisinterpretedtheCambodians'intentionsandthefightbegan.Mad-doggingseemstobeconnectedwiththeavoidanceofeyecontactasasignofrespect.Thus,intheurbancontemporaryyouthscene,ifonelooksdirectlyatanother,thisdisrespects,or"disses"thatperson.Muchlikethearchaicphrase"Idemandsatisfaction”，whichbecametheoverturetoaduel,mad-doggingmaybecomeapreludetoaphysicalencounter.AttheentrancestoUniversalStudio’s"CityWalk"attractioninLosAngeles,theyhavepostedCodeofConductsigns.Thesecondrulewarnsagainst"physicallyoverballythreateninganyperson,fighting,annoyingothersthroughnoisyorboisterousactivitiesorbyunnecessarystaring..."1.ManyAfricanAmericansfromtheSouth（

）.2.Whenlisteningtotheothers,whitecommunicatorstendto（

）.

3.ManycustomersinAmericancitiesareangrywithKoreanshopkeepersbecause（

）.

4.Mad-doggingrefersto（

）.

5.Thearchaicphrase,"Idemandsatisfaction"（

）.问题1选项A.adoptatypicallyAmericanopenstyleofcommunicationB.oftenmisinterpretthemeaningofeyecontactC.avoideyecontactasasignofrespectD.aretaughttoavoideyecontactwhenevertellingtotheothers问题2选项A.lookatthespeakerallthetimeB.glanceatthespeakerperiodicallyC.lookawayfromthespeakerD.stareatthespeaker问题3选项A.KoreanshopkeepersdonotlookatthemdirectlyB.theyexpectamoreenthusiasticreflectionfromtheshopkeepersC.therearesomesocialconflictsinmanyurbancentersD.theyarenotinformedaboutdifferencebetweencultures问题4选项A.thesourceofmanycampusconflictsacrossethnicbordersinurbancentersB.physicalconflictamongtheyoungergenerationinurbancentersC.alackofeyecontactasasignofrespectD.aprovocationfromoneteenagertoanotherofadifferentethnicbackground问题5选项A.wasconnectedwiththeavoidanceofeyecontactB.oftenledtoafightC.wasasignofdisrespectD.oftenresultedinsomekindofmisinterpretation7.单选题YourParadiseusedtobeafinemagazine,butnowthatitthetasteofacompletelydifferentreadingpublicit（

）hasgonedowninquality.问题1选项A.deflectsfromB.flirtswithC.caterstoD.hingeson8.翻译题InwhatappearstobethefirstreportedcaseofitskindonUSshores,aColoradowomanallegesthatheriPhone4caughtfirewhilechargingovernightandwantsAppletowarncustomersofthedevice’spossiblecombustionissues.Thewoman,whospokeundertheconditionofanonymity,saidshetookherstorytotechwebsiteMashableinordertospreadpublicawarenessoverthereportedissue,claimingthatApplehasbeenreticenttoacknowledgetheallegedincident.Theunnamedsourceclaimsthatsheawokeintheearlymorningduringarecenttriptotheeastcoasttofindheryear-oldwhiteiPhone4making“sizzling”and“popping”noises.

Afteranunspecifiedamountoftimetherewas“notquiteanexplosion,butanimmensecrackling”，andsmokeplumedfromthedevicecreating“anawful,putridsmell,almostlikeyouwereingestingplasticofsomekind”.

Inspectionoftheprovidedpicturesyieldsnocluesastowhichcomponentswereheatedtothepointofcreatingsmoke,thoughabulgingbatteryisdearlyseentohaveexpandedenoughtoforceaparttheiPhone’scasing.Accordingtothereport,theiPhonewasconnectedviaanApple-brandedchargertoapoweroutletthatwaslaterinspectedandfoundtobeworkingnormally.ThewomangoesontosaythatwhensheaskedAppletobeupgradedtoareplacementiPhone4S，thecompanyfurnishedherwithanotheriPhone4.TheallegedincidentisreportedlythefirstofitskindintheUS;thoughtherehasbeenatleastonesimilarinstanceinAustraliainvolvingtheiPhone4.ThisisnotthefirsttimeApplehasseenproblemswithoverhearingbatteriesasitextendedareplacementprogramforitsfirst-generationiPodNanoin2011duetoadefectthatcausedthedevice’sbatterytooverheat.TheCupertino,Calif.,companyfirstacknowledgedtheproblemina2008pressreleasethatstemmedfromaninvestigationbytheJapanesegovernment.TherehavebeennoreportsofsevereoverheatingissueswiththeiPhone4SoranyotherproductsinApple’scurrentlineup.9.翻译题Thenumberskeeprising,thesuperlativeskeepglowing.Eachyear,selectivecollegespromotetheirapplicationtotals,alongwiththevirtuesoftheirapplicants.Forthisfairsfreshmanclass,thestatisticsreachedremarkablelevels.Stanfordreceivedarecord32,022applicationsfromstudentsitcalled’’simplyamazing”andaccepted7percentofthem.Brownsawanunprecedented30,135applicants,wholefttheadmissionsstaff"deeplyimpressedandattimesawed."Ninepercentwereadmitted.ThebiggestboastcamefromtheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.Inanewsrelease,UCLAsaiditsacceptedstudentshad"demonstratedexcellenceinallaspectsoftheirlives."Citingitsrecord57,670applications,theuniversityproclaimeditself"themostpopularcampusinthenation.”Suchannouncementstellastoryinwhichcollegesgetbetter——andstudentsgetmoreamazing-everyyear.Inreality,thenarrativeisfarmorecomplex,andtheimplicationsfarlesssunnyforstudentsaswellascollegescaughtupinthecruelcycleofselectivityToSomedegree,theincreasesareinevitable:thecollege-boundpopulationgrown,andso,too,hasthenumberofapplicationsstudentsfile,thanksinparttoonlinetechnology.

Butwhereveritisrainingapplications,collegeshavehelpedseedthecloudsbyrecruitingwidelyandaggressivelyforevermoreapplicants.Admissionsofficersarechasingnotsomuchamoreperfectstudentasamoreperfectclass.Inagivenyear,thiselusiveidealmightrequiremoreviolinists,goalies,aspiringengineersorstudentswhocanpaythefullcostofattendanceCollegeseverywherewantmoreminoritystudents,moreout-of-statestudentsandmorestudentsfromoverseas.

Thepursuitrevealsthedualityofthemodemcollege:it’saplacethatservesthepublicinterestandabusinesswithabottomline.Althoughthetensionbetweenmissionandmarketinghaslongdefinedadmissions,manybelievethebalancehastiltedtoofartowardthelatter.ManycollegeshavemadeapplyingassimpleasupdatingaFacebookpage.Somedeansandguidancecounselorscomplainthatit’stooeasy.Theyquestiontheethicsofintenserecruitmentbycollegesthatrejecttheoverwhelmingmajorityofapplicants."It’slikeneedinganewstereoandbuyingthewholeRadioShack,saysMarkSpeer,directorofcollegecounselingattheColumbiaGrammarandPreparatorySchoolinNewYork."Withthesebiggerpools,collegesaregettingalotofstudentswhohavenochance."FredHargadon,formerdeanofadmissionsatPrincetonandStanford,doubtsthatmoreandmoreapplicantsmakeforastrongerclass,

“Icouldn’tpickabetterclassoutof30000applicantsthanoutof15.000hesays,"I’djustenduprejectingmultiplesofthesamekid.”10.单选题Wewerefourscoresleftbehindwithfiveminutestogo,sothegamelookedcompletely（

）.问题1选项A.irresistibleB.irretrievableC.irremissibleD.irreplaceable11.翻译题Thecollapseofbeliefwehavebeenwitnessingthroughoutthetwentiethcenturycomeswithglobalism.Thepostmodemconditionisnotanartisticmovementoraculturalfadoranintellectualtheory-althoughitproducesallofthoseandisinsomewaysdefinedbythem.Itiswhatinevitablyhappensaspeopleeverywherebegintoseethattherearemanybeliefs,manykindsofbelief,manywaysofbelieving.Postmodernismisglobalism;itisthehalf-discoveredshapeoftheoneunitythattranscendsallourdifferences.Inaglobal—andglobalizingera,alloftheoldstructuresofpoliticalreality,alltheoldwaysofsayingwhoweareandwhatweareforandwhatweareagainst,seemtobemeltingawayintoair.Howtohaveanidentityinsuchaworld?Nationalismbecomessemi-obsoletebeforeitevencompletesitsconquest;nationalgovernmentseverywherearechallengedfromfrontandrear,pastandfuture.Theyareforcedtodobattleagainstpre-modemtribalandethnicidentitiesevenastheyresistthethreatstotheirfragilesovereigntiesthatareposedbyinternationalorganizationandmovementsandeconomicforces.Theweakernationalsovereigntyisasanabsoluteprinciple,thelesssecureweareindefiningourselvesaccordingtonationalcitizenship.Howaboutideology?ThroughouttheeraoftheColdWar,globalideologiesseemedtobereplacingnationalloyaltiesasthesupremedefinersofpoliticalreality.

Foratime,theworldappearedtobedividedintotwoopposedbeliefsystemsratherthanintomanynations.Buttheinternationalideologiesneverquitemanagedtoseparatethemselvesfromnationalism(Marxismhadaparticularlyhardtimewiththat,waswidelysuspectedofbeingmerelyatoolofRussianambitions),andtodayhardlyanybodyotherthanafewintransigentcommunistsanddie-hardanti-communistsbelievethattheworldispoliticallybipolar.Religionisstillapotentdefinerofpoliticalrealityandstillanexplosiveone—wemaystillbehavingholywarswhenwehavestoppedhavinganyotherkind—butitisalsothemostvulnerableofalltobeingunveiledasacreationofthehumanmind.Eachofthesesetsofcategories,eachofthesewaysthatpeopleconstructwhotheyareandwhattheybelieveisincreasinglychimerical,capableofevaporatinginamomentwhenpeoplelookattheworldwithdifferenteyes.Classandracemayprovetobemoredurabledefinersofreality,morestablemarkersofwhois‘us’andwhois‘them’.Buteachofthose,too,becomesanythingbutpredictableinapostmodernworld.ThewretchedoftheearthmaybeaforceforrebelliouschangebecausetheybelievesomeformofMarxistdoctrineaboutclassconflict,ormerelybecausetheyceasetobelieveinthevarioussocialconstructionsofrealitythatheldtheirconditiontobepartofGod’sownarrangement.Oppressedracesgrowskeptical(astheworldgainsunderstandingofthegamesoppressorsplay)aboutthesocialconstructionsofrealitythatdefinetheirplaceandstrivetokeeptheminit.12.单选题Becausemanyofthemineralsfoundontheoceanfloorarestill（

）onlandwhereminingisrelativelyinexpensive,miningtheoceanfloorhasyettobecomea（

）enterprise.问题1选项A.monB.accessible...marginalC.unidentified...subsidizedD.fitable13.单选题MissRobintriedto（

）allerrorsfromthetypescriptbygoingthroughitverycarefully.问题1选项A.objectB.duplicateC.approveD.eliminate14.单选题ProfessorJohnsonplannedtogoovermypapersentencebysentencewithmeinhisofficethismorning,buthehasn't（

）yet.问题1选项A.turnedroundB.turnedupC.turnedonD.turnedin15.单选题The（

）onthesurfaceofthefemalekangaroo'sabdomenservesasaplaceofrefugefortheyoung,whocangetatthemilkglandswithoutleavingtheirshelter.问题1选项A.patchB.porchC.paunchD.pouch第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】C【解析】动词和形容词辨析题。A选项beset“困扰，镶嵌，围绕”；disillusioned“醒悟的，幻想破灭的”；B选项postpone“推迟，延迟，延缓”；pessimistic“悲观主义的”;C选项prevent“预防，防止，阻止”；enthusiastic“热心的，热情的”;D选项allow“考虑”；unconvinced“不能令人信服的，怀疑的”。根据句意‘尽管反对者认为在月球上建立一个基地会受到经济问题的阻挠，然而这个项目的支持者仍然保持热情，认为人类的好奇心应该克服这种务实的约束。’C选项正确2.【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D【解析】1.推理判断题。题干询问‘从这篇文章可以得出,,,’。由第五段中“Itisusuallyeasiertofollowrulesofsocialbehaviorthantodependonone'sowntaste.Butrulesmaybesafelybroken,ofcourse,bythoseofuswiththegiftofnaturalgrace.通常，遵守社会行为准则比根据自己的品味行事更容易。当然，我们这些天生优雅的人可以安全地打破规则。”确定A选项“打破社会行为准则是安全的”太绝对；由第一段中“Oneofthegoodthingsformeninwomen’sliberationisthatmennolongerhavetopaywomentheold-fashionedcourtesies.在妇女解放运动中，男人的好处之一是不再需要向女人支付旧式的礼遇。”确定B选项“在妇女的解放中，男性也被解放了”正确。C选项“女性正变得比以前更有能力”在文中没有提及；由第三段第二句“Amanshouldwalkwherehewantsto.男性应该在他想走的地方走路”确定D项“男性应该走在人行道的外侧”与原文不符。2.推理判断题。题干询问‘说“你又做了一次”，作者的妻子意味着…’。根据第五段第三句“Forexample,whenamanandwomanareledtotheirtableinarestaurantandthewaiterpullsoutachair,thewomanisexpectedtositinthechair.ThatisaccordingtoMs.AnnClark,Ihavealwaysdoneittheotherwayaccordingtomywife.例如，当一个男人和一个女人在餐馆被领到他们的桌子前，服务员拉出一把椅子，这个女人应该坐在椅子上。根据安•克拉克女士的说法，我总是用另一种方法来做。”，下文就举出作者自己做得相反的例子和倒数第三段中回答“Tookthechair坐了这个椅子”，可以确定C选项“作者不应该坐在被女侍者拉出的椅子上”正确。3.细节事实题。题干询问‘以下哪一项不是作者比女士先上车的原因?’。由最后一段第一句“Also,ithasalwaysbeenmycustomtogetinacarfirst,andletthewomangetinbyherself.ThisisacourtesyIinsistonasthestrongersex,outofloveandrespect.而且，我的习惯是先上车，让女士自己上车。这是一种礼貌，我坚持作为更强的性别，出于爱和尊重。”确定A选项“他想对女性有礼貌”和B选项“他这那样做是出于习惯”是作者先于女性上车的原因；也确定D选项“他认为今天的女性如男人一样有能力”不是作者先于女性上车的原因，符合题意，正确；由最后一段中“Intimeslikethese,theremightbeattackers