大家网英语高级口译书考试翻译教程2013年

thefirst,thethird,theforththefifth…;forexampleappreciative,discriminative，psychiatrist，therapeutic平时注意对与生活关的科普文进行关注。NoteTakingandGapWhyshouldmankindexplorespace?Whyshouldmoney,timeandeffortbespentinexploring,investigatingandresearchingsomethingwithsofewbenefits?Whyshouldresourcesbespentonspaceratherthanonconditionsandpeopleonearthorinourowncountry?Perhapsthebestanswerliesinourgeneticmake-up.Whatdroveourdistantancestorstomovefromthetreesontotheins?Wasitthelackofskillstocompeteinoneecologicalniche?Ifsotheadaptationselectedforafterthemovehaveresultedinthespeciesexpandingintoallpossibleareasandenvironment,thedrivetospreadgeneticmaterialandensurethesuccessofnotjustthespeciesbutofonetypeofgeneticmaterial.Thewiderthedistributionofaspecies,thebetterthechanceofsurvival.Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthebuilt-ingeneticpredispositiontoexpandintoallpossibleniches.Culturallynearlyeverysuccessfulcivilizationhasbeenwillingtoexplore.Inexploring,dangersofsurroundingareasmaybelearnedandpreparedfor.Dangersmaybepoliticalenemiesinneighboringcultures,physicalfeaturesofthearea,achangeintheareawhichmightaffectfoodsoranyothernumberoffactors.Allposearealdangerandallmaybemadelessdangerousifcertainpreparationsaremade.Withoutknowledge,thedangermaystrikeandcompleydestroy,withknowledge,theeffectsorconsequencesmaybelessened.Explorationalsoallowsresourcestobelocated.Resourcestranslateintopowerandsuccessatsurvival.Whetherthesuccessbefinancial,politicalorgeneticadditionalresourcesarealwaysaboonwhenusedwisely.Inanyofthethreemanners,useofresourcesallowsaheightenedpercentageforsurvival.Iftheresourceshavenoimmediateneed,thenperhapslatertheresourceswillbeused.Resourcesmaybemorethanphysicalassets.Knowledgeortechniquesacquiredinexploringorpreparingtoexplorealwaysfilterfromthedeveloperstothegeneralpopulace.Techniquesmaybemedicalapplications,usesfordrugsorwaysoflivingtoincreasethetyoftimelivedorthequalityofthattime.Techniquesmaybesocial,allowingthepeopleinasocietytobetterunderstandthosewithinoroutsidetheculture.BetterunderstandingmayleadtobetteruseofresourcesoralesseningofoutrightcompetitionfortheWhilemanyresourcesarespentonwhatseemsasmallreturn,theexplorationofspaceallowsthecreative,thebrave,theinligenceofourspeciestofocusonthatmayservetosaveus.Whilespacemayholdmanywondersandex nationsofhowtheuniversewasformedorhowitworks,italsoholdsdangers.Thechanceofalargeasteroidorcomethittingheearthissmall.Butgiventime,itwillhappen.Severalcurrentmodelsofevolutionproposemanychangesinaveryshorttimeperiod.Someexnationsforthedrasticspeedofextinctionandevolutionincludestrikesbyasteroidsorcomets.Humantechnologyisreachingthepointwhereitmightbeabletodetectsuchathreatandallowustodosomethingaboutit.Thedangerexists,butknowledgecanallowusasaspeciestosurvive.Withouttheabilitytoreachoutacrossspace,thechancetosaveourselvesmightnotexist.Whileearthistheonlynetknowntosustainlife,surelytheadaptiveabilityofhumanswouldallowothernetsandmoonsto einhabited.Truethelifestylewouldbedifferent,buthumanlifeandcultureshaveadaptedinthepastandsurelycouldinthefuture.Ourgeneticmake-upwillallowhumanstomoveintounoccupiednichesandflourish.Theculturegroupholdingthehighgroundhasattainedagreatadvantageoveroutergroups.Itcanseefarther,actsoonerandbesaferfromattack.Inspaceallofthesethingsaretrue.Theculturewhichexpandsislikeandorganismwhichadapts.Itmaybefoundeverywhere.Ifonegroupiseliminated,thespeciesasawholesurvives.Theoldadage,donotputallyoureggsinonebasketholdstrueforhumansandcultures.Themoreacultureexpands,thelesschanceofit ingextinct.Spaceallowsustoexpandandsucceed.有，所以需要有一定的准备。而探索的过程中还会涉及到资源的使用：这种资源包括有一些词汇可能会对考生造成。例如：niche:原意表示壁龛，在文中可以表示某个地域或空间；generalpopulace：普通大众；asteroidorcomet：小行星或流星；ListeningComprehensionQuestions1to5arebasedonthefollowingMan:DoyouknowthenametheAmericanflagwasonceWoman:Didn’tsomepeopleusedtocallittheStar-SpangledBanner,likenationalanthem?Man:You’reWoman:I’vehearditreferredtoasoldMan:Alsocorrect.Themostpopularnameisthestarsandstripes,basedonitsdesign.Atthestartoftherevolutionarywarin1775,theAmericanflaghadaBritishflagintheupperleftcorner.Butafterthedeclarationofindependencein1777,theBritishflagwasnolongerappropriateaspartoftheAmericanflag.OnJune,4th,1777,theContinentalofCongressresolvedthattheflagoftheUnitedStatesbe13stripes,alternatingredandwhite,with13whitestarsinabluefield.Buttherewasnoofficialarrangementforthestars.Woman:IsthattheflagBetseyRossMan:In1890,WilliamCanby,claimedthathisgrandmotherBetseyRoss,aPhiladelphiaseamstresshadmadethefirstUnitedStatesflag.Althoughshemadeflagsduringtherevolutionarywar,mosthistorians,myselfincluded,donotsupportthisclaim.Woman:Ihaveaquestion.Whydidthe1775flagincorporatedtheBritishflagifthecolonistswerealreadyfightingforindependence.Man:Actually,thecolonistsdidnotatfirstseekforindependence.SotheUnionJack,anothernamefortheBritishflagremainedintheAmericanflagbecausetherewasstillaconnectiontoEngland.By1794,twonewstatesjoinedtheunion.Congressdecidedtoaddtwostarsandtwostripestotheflag.Itorderedafifteen-stripeflagusedafterMay1st,1795.Woman:Butdoesn’tourflagtodayhaveonly13Man:Exactly.Asmorestatescameintotheunion,Congressrealizedthatanewstarandanewstripeforeachstatewouldmaketheflagtoocluttered.SamuelChes id,anavycaptain,proposedaflagof13stripes,oneforeachoftheoriginalcolonies,andastarforeachstate.Congressacceptedtheidea,onApril4th,1818.Itsetsthenumberofstripesat13again.ItorderedanewstartobeaddedtotheflagontheJuly4thafterastatejoinedtheunion.Q1:TherehavebeenseveralnamestheAmericanflagwasoncecalled,whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthesenames?Q2:WhatisthemostpopularnameoftheAmericanflagaccordingtotheQ3:HowmanystripesandstarswerethereontheAmericanflagwhentheflagwasfirstmade?Q4.Whoproposedastripeforeachoftheoriginalcoloniesandastarforeachstate?Q5:Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtotheListeningComprehensionQuestions6to10arebasedonthefollowingWashington,Inrecentyears,foodshortageshaveledtopricerisesandunrestinmanyimport-dependentcountries,includingmanyintheAfrica.Inthe2009G-8summitinItaly,majorindustrialcountriespromisedmorethan$20billionoverthreeyearstoimprovefoodaccesstoAfricansandothershitbyhighprices.Thislatestsummit,whichbeginslateronFriday,isduetodiscusstheissue.However,itsmainfocuswillbecontinuingconcernsthattheeurozonedebtcrisiscouldtriggeraglobalslump.OnThursday,confidenceinEuropeanbankswasunderminedbyratingsagencyMoody’s,whichcutthecreditratingsof16Spanishbanks.Mr.ObamahasurgedEuropeanleaderstodomoretostimulategrowth,fearingtheeurocrisiscouldspreadtotheUS.Jerusalem,TheU.S.hasnsincetoattackIranifothermeasuresfailtoitdevelonuclearweapons,Washington’senvoytoIransays.HesaidU.S.hopeddiplomacyandsanctionswouldpersuadeIrantoalteritsnuclearprogram,butthemilitaryoptionwasready.USObamahaspreviouslysaidmilitaryactionhasnotbeenruledout.TheUSanditsalliessayIranisdeveloanuclearbomb,andanaccusationTehrandesires.TalksbetweenIranandsixworldpowersareduetoresumeinBaghdadon23May.BothIsraelandtheUShavesaidtheyconsidermilitaryalastresorttostopIranusingitsuraniumenrientprogramtomakeaweapon.Helsinki,Nokiaistiringthroughitscashreservesatanunsustainablerate.Raisingwhatsomeystssay,areseriousquestionsaboutthestrugglingfinishphonemaker’sabilitytostabilizeitsfinancesinamonthahead.The couldevenbeatriskofdefaultifitfailstoslowtheburningofitscash.Overthepastfivequarters,theonetimedarlingofshaserodeditscashpileby2.1billionEuros-aratethatwouldoutitsentire4.9billionEurosreservesinacoupleyears.ystsonaverageexpectthe willburnthroughalmost2billionEurosmoreinjustthreequarters,whilethemostbearishseethe wioutits4.9billionEurosnetcashbuffercompleynextyear.Brasilia,Electricitypricesarethebiggestcomponentoftheso-calledBrazilcost,themixoftaxes,highinterestrates,laborcosts,infrastructurebottlenecksandotherissuesthathavecausedtheeconomyto elesscompetitive.Afteradecadeofstrongperformance,BrazilgrewbelowtheLatinAmericanaveragein2011andsofarthisyear.Brazil'saverageelectricitycostof$180permegawatthourisexceededonlybyItalyandSlovakia,accordingtoa2011studybasedondatafromtheInternationalEnergyAgency.Highelectricityrateshavecontributedtostagnantinvestmentandproductioninenergy-intensiveindustries.Electricityaccountsfor35percentandinthesameproportionofthecarindustry'sproductioncosts.Beirut,Atleast21peoplewerekilledonTuesdayinanattackinnorthernSyria;amemberofteamofU.N.monitorscaughtinthesaidtheywereinrebelhands"fortheirownprotection."WhenReutersaskedoneofthefourmonitorsbyphoneiftheywerebeingheldprisoner,hesaid:"WearesafewiththerebelArmy."Aspokesmanfortherebelmilitarycouncilsaidtherebelswereworkingonasafeexitforthemonitors.AninternalU.N.obtainedbyReuterssaidthatatotalofsixmonitorswereunderrebel"protection"ina"friendlyenvironment."TheinternalU.N.confirmedtheU.N.teaminSyriawillconductapetroltopickupthemeninU.N.militaryobserversonWednesday.Q6:WhatwillbethemainfocusofthelatestG8summitdueQ7:WhatdoestheUSenvoytoIsraelsayabouttheissueofnuclearQ8.Howmuchis ’stotalcashreservesinQ9.Theso-calledBrazilcosthasmadetheeconomylesscompetitive,whichofthefollowingarethebiggestcomponentoftheBrazilcost?Q10.AccordingtoaninternalU.N.,howmanyU.N.militarymonitorswereinthehandsoftheSyrianrebels?ListeningcomprehensionQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingW:ernor,Iappreciateyourtakingthetimetomeetwithme.M:Mypleasure.W:TheEmployeeMonitoringLawhasreceivedagreatdealofmediaattentionrecently.However,manyIllinoiscitizensarestillveryconfused.Whatexactlydoesthenewlawallow?M:Thenewlawpermitsemployerstolisteninontheirworkers’phoneconversations.Thelawpermitsanylisteningthatserveseducational,trainingorresearchpurposes.Itallowsforbothcomputerandphonemonitoring.W:HowdoesthislawcomeM:Well,itwasoriginallyconceivedbytheemarketingindustry.Thisindustry,whichusestheephonetosellitsproductsinservices,neededawaytomonitoritsemployees’salesperformance.Theretailindustryisalsoabigproponentofthelaw.Recently,IspokewiththeoftheIllinoisRetailMerchantsAssociation.HetoldmethelawisheltomakesurethatMrs.Smithgetsthereddressinsize6ratherthansize16,whichmayhavebeenenteredintothecomputerbymistake.W:Soinotherwords,thelawismeanttomonitorthequalityofcustomerservicecourse.M:Yes,forcourtesy,efficiencyandoverallW:Wellthen,whyalltheopposition?Iheardthatmanygroups,fromunionstotradeassociations,areclearlyfuriousaboutthislaw.M:Yes,Iknow.Ourofficehasbeenfloodedwithcallsandletters.Theproblemis,thelawdoesnotspecifywhetherornotemployersmustlemployeeseachtimetheyarebeingmonitoredorjustissueaone-timeblanketwarning.Also,onlyone mustagreetothemonitoring,butthelawdoesnotstatewhomustagree,theemployeeorthesupervisor.Thescopeofthelawissobroadthatsomepeoplefinditfrightening.W:Yes,itsoundsliketherearemanyunansweredquestions.appreciateyourspeakingwithme,ernor.ThankyouveryM: WhoisbeinginterviewedbythewomanTheyaretalkingaboutalaw.WhatisthelawBywhichofthefollowingwasthelaworiginallyWhatpurposeisthelawmeanttoWhyaresomanypeopleopposedopposetothe本篇为一位对利诺州长的采访询问关该州新出的《工法》（EmplyeeMontoringaw）,题及该法案用范围目的，及因此的和质疑总体难适中。题设置较规，听懂大意基本能解决。唯一一道节题问该法案初使用领域，求生听懂“ （emaketingindustry一词。过说话在提出一概念立用一个例进行解，可以生理解。ListeningComprehensionQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingAslongastherehasbeencrime,therehavebeenwaystosolveit.Oneoftheoldestmethodsisinterrogation,amethodinwhichthequestionpeoplewhomighthavecommittedthecrimeorwhomighthaveinformationaboutthecrime.Interrogationcanhelpthetoestablishmanybasicfacts,butmoderntechniquesforsolvingcrimeincludemorecomplexscientificmethods.Letmetalkfirstaboutasystemoftencalled“crimehotlines”.Insomecases,wherelawenmentnelhavedifficultyfindingacriminal,theyturntoprivatecitizensforhelpinsolvingacrime.Thissystemallowspeopletomakeaphonecalloraccessawebsiteandgiveinformationtotheanonymously.Thiscanoftenbeeffectivewhenpeopleareafraidtogiveinformationinpublic.Sometimes,afamilymembermayhavecommittedthecrime,andanotherfamilymemberfinallydecidestocalltheandgivetheinformationtheyhave.Second,fingerprinting.Each’sfingerprintisunique.Theancientusedfingerprintstosignlegalpapers.Whatbetterwaytoidentifyanindividual?Yet,itwasonlyinthelate19thcenturythatfingerprintswerefirstusedtoidentifycriminals.Avarietyofscientifictechniquesmakeitpossibleforfingerprintstobeliftedfrommostsurfaces.Then,theycanbecomparedtofingerprintsthehaveonArelativelynewtechniquethatcrime-fightersarenowusingiscalled“psychologicalprofiling”.Criminalpsychologistslookatthecrimeandthewayitwascommitted.Basedonthisinformation,theytrytounderstandthealityandmotivationofthe whocommittedthecrime.Thentheycanfocustheirsearchonpeoplewhomatchthisprofile.Insomecases,privatecitizensarefindingwaystosolvecrimesaswell.Withalittleknowledgeofelectronics,anyonecanputhiddencamerasinahomeoroffice.Inthe1990sasanexample,thereweresomecaseswherenannieswereaccusedofabusingthechildrentheywerepaidtocarefor.Hiddencameraswereusedtoprovethenanny’sguilt.However,thetechniqueiscontroversialbecauseitinvolvesissuesofprivacy.Finally,letmediscussDNA.Ofthemostrecentcrime-solvingtechniquesused,DNAisprovingveryeffective.Each ,withtheexceptionofidenticalsiblings,hasauniqueDNAcodingsystem.So,ifcriminalsleaveanythingthatcanbetestedatthesceneofthecrime,suchasbloodorhair,theycanbeidentified.DNAwasusedtosolveacrimeforthefirsttimeinEnglandin1987.Sincethattime,ithas ewidelyused,andit’sconsidered99%accurate.DNAtestingcanalsobeusedtoprovethata innocent.ManyprisonershavebeenreleasedbecausethatDNAevidenceprovesthattheydidnotcommitthecrimeofwhichtheywereconvicted.WhendidpeoplestarttousefingerprintingtoidentifyInusingpsychologicalprofilingtofindacriminal,peoplehavetomatchseveralfactors.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthesefactors?Whichisoneoftheoldestmethodsusetosolvecrimeaccordingtothetalk?WhyistheuseofhiddencamerasinsolvingacrimeWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutDNAasacrime-solvingtechnique?（interrogation）、（crimehotlines）、鉴定（fingerprinting），以及相对较新的方法，包括心理法（psychologicalprofiling）、头、DNA鉴问题设置考生的细节理解，如时间点、帮助破案的具体因素等。文中出现个别与刑侦 、mit、convict等，但上下文可以帮助理解。PassageDirections:Inthispartofthetest,youwillhear2Englishpassages.YouwillhearthepassagesONLYONCE.Afteryouhaveheardeachpassage,itintoandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Youmaytakenoteswhileyouarelistening.PassageIntheearly1990s,someinfluentialpeoplesaidthatbeinginsingle-classescouldraiseagirl’sself-esteem.Schoolsacrossthecountrybegancreatingsingle- classroomsandschoolsbutmanycriticsclaimthatallfemaleschoolsmayactuallybedetrimentaltoagirl’seducation,becausetheyreintheregressivenotionof Therenewedinterestinsingle- schoolinghasfosteredacontroversyamongAmericans.Thosewhogiveitfullendorsementbelievegirlsneedanall-femaleenvironmenttotakerisksandfindtheirownvoices.Thosewhoquestionthevalidityofsingle- schoolingbelievethereisnosuchthingasseparatebutequal.在20世纪90年代初期，一些很有的人物称，子在全课堂学别差异”这样一个思想。在今日，人们对单教育的卷土重来。那些大力支持者们相信，们需要全女性教学环境来采取行动并表达自我观点。而那些单教育的质疑者们认为，为分离的男女两性根本没有可言。PassageNowI'dliketoidentifysomekeychangesinourFirstofall,they'regettingbiggerandbigger.Forthefirsttimeinhistory,therewillsoonbemorepeoplelivinginurbanareasthaninruralenvironments.In1950,NewYorkCitywastheonlycitywithapopulationof10million.Now,in2010,worldwidewehave38citieswithpopulationsofover10millionpeople--whatwecallmegacities.Citiesarealsogettingtallerbecauselandisgettingmoreandmoreexpensive.Wecanhaveatallapartmentbuildingthatathousandpeoplecanlivein.Skyscrapershave easymbolofmoderncities.纳1000人。高楼已经成为现代化都市的象征。SentenceInhighschool,agoodstudentissupposedtogetaperfectscore.Incollege,theteacherwantstochallengeeventhebeststudents.Therefore,almostnobodyanswerseveryquestionscorrectly.Infact,ifyougototheContinent,toFranceorGermany,youfindthatcitycentershavebeenturnedintopedestrianprecinctsandthecarsbeenalmostbanned.Peoplelivinginatownwouldneverdreamofwalking.Therearejusttoomanybarriers,pedestrianunderpasses,brokenpavementsandtrafficlightswhereyouhavetorunlikearabbittogetacrossintime.住在城市里面的人基本不会考虑步行，因为城市里面有太多，例如，人Statisticsshowthatlawyersarethemostdepressedofallprofessionals.Lawyersarealwaysactingonbehalfofsomeoneelse.Suicideisamongtheleadingcausesofprematuredeathamonglawyers.成过早的首因I’mafraidwecan’treducethepriceofthisbrandofshirt.Youknow,$20.15isourrockbottomprice.Ifyoupurchasemorethan10,000units,wecanreduceitto$19.恐怕我们不能降低这个品牌衬衣的价格。20.15已经是我们的了。如果能买1万件以上的话，我们可以把单价降到19C-之所以把取名为“蓝厅”，是因为蓝色让人联想到大海和天空，既包容万象又蕴含热情与，契合了和谐共存、开放共赢的理念。它寓意着以海纳百川的包容精神，汲取各界智慧，深化交流；以纵论天下的开阔视野，把握时代脉10现实的原因，还存在这样那样的问题和，但谋和平、定、求合作、促发展是人心所向、大势所趋，亚太正在成为一个充满、生机与希望的地区。Lanting,asyoumayknow,meansthebluehallin.ThisForumiscalledLantingForumbecausepeoplenaturallyassociatethebluecolorwiththeseaandthesky.Itsymbolizesinclusiveness,passionandvitality,anditaccordstothephilosophyofharmoniouscoexistence,opennessandwin-winprogress.Itshowsthatwewilladoptaninclusiveapproach,pooltogetherthewisdomofvarioussectorsanddeependialogueandexchanges.Italsomeansthatwewilltakeaglobal,keeppacewiththetimesandworktogetherfordevelopment.ThereweredifferentviewsabouttheAsiaPacificinthe21stcentury.SomebelievedthatrichhumanresourcesandculturaldiversityheldoutgreatpotentialandbrightprospectsfortheAsia-Pacificregion,whileothersthoughtthisregionwasbesetwithproblemsandtroublesandcouldhardlyofferanyreasonforoptimism.Nowthefirstdecadeofthe21stcenturyiscomingtoanend.Whenwelookbackonthejourneythattheregionhastravelled,Ibelievewecancometothefollowingconclusions:Despitethevariousproblemsandchallengesduetoreasonsbothofthepastandpresent,peace,stability,cooperationanddevelopmentrepresentthesharedaspirationofthepeopleandthetrendofthetimes.WhathashappenedshowsthattheAsiaPacificistransformingintoadynamic,vibrantandpromisingregion.（2010121）本文参考译文：Asweallknow,“Lanting”,meansthebluehallinPeoplenaturallyassociatethebluecolorwiththeseaandthesky.Itsymbolizesinclusiveness,passionandvitality,anditaccordstothephilosophyofharmoniouscoexistence,opennessandwin-winprogress.Itshowsthatwewilladoptaninclusiveapproach,pooltogetherthewisdomofvarioussectorsanddeependialogueandexchanges.Italsomeansthatwewilltakeaglobal,keeppacewiththetimesandworktogetherfordevelopment.ThereweredifferentviewsabouttheAsiaPacificinthe21stcentury.SomebelievedthatrichhumanresourcesandculturaldiversityheldoutgreatpotentialandbrightprospectsfortheAsia-Pacificregion,whileothersthoughtthisregionwasbesetwithproblemsandtroublesandcouldhardlyofferanyreasonforoptimism.Despitethevariousproblemsandchallengesduetoreasonsbothofthepastandpresent,peace,stability,cooperationanddevelopmen