高考英语二轮复习外刊阅读训练：我们正在进行一场太空竞赛

高考英语二轮复习外刊阅读训练：我们正在进行一场太空竞赛——改编自ThesuccessofStarlinkinUkrainehasignitedanewspaceraceSpaceXisleadingthenewspacerace,whichhasbeentriggeredbyRussia’sinvasionofUkraine.ThiseventledtoSpaceX’sStarlinksystembecomingvitaltoUkraine’swareffortassoldierscanuseittocommunicate,identifytargets,anduploadfootageinreal-time.Starlinksatellitesaredesignedtobeamtheinternettoplacesunreachedbyconventionalbroadband.Thecompanyhaslaunchedaround3,500Starlinksatellitessince2019,withplanstolaunch40,000total.WhatsetsStarlinkapartisthesheeramountofcapacityitoffersanditsresistancetoattack.Previously,satellitelinkswerelargelyreservedforseniorofficers,headquartersanddronepilots,butnowfront-linetroopscanslingaroundvideos,imagesandmessagesinrealtime.Thenumberofsatellites,andthespeedwithwhichtheycanbereplaced,maketryingtoshootdownStarlinkfutile.ThedownsidestorelyingonacompanylikeSpaceXincludethecostofsubsidisingUkraine'suseofStarlink.Also,MrMusksuggestedapeaceplanthatinvolvedRussiakeepingholdofCrimea,whichitinvadedin2014.However,Starlinkhasprovenitselfusefulinmodernwarfare,givingthetroopstacticalagilityandprovidingtheresistanceagainstattacksneededinawarzone.America’sfriendsandrivalshavetakennote,too.AswithGPS,Europe,ChinaandRussiaarealsoracingtobuildtheirownmega-constellations.ChinaandRussiaaretryingtocomeupwithwaystodisruptStarlinkshouldtheneedarise.Nonetheless,forthemoment,AmericamaintainsahugeleadinthisnewspaceracethankstoSpaceX.【重点词汇】1.SpaceX[ˈspeɪsˌeks]n.美商太空探索技术公司2.spacerace[speɪs/reɪs]n.太空竞赛3.trigger[ˈtrɪɡər]v.引发4.invasion[ɪnˈveɪʒən]n.入侵5.Starlink[ˈstɑːrlɪŋk]n.星链计划6.satellite[ˈsætəlaɪt]n.卫星7.beam[biːm]v.发射8.internet[ˈɪntərnɛt]n.互联网9.conventional[kənˈvɛnʃənl]adj.传统的10.broadband[ˈbrɔːdbænd]n.宽带11.launch[lɔːntʃ]v.发射12.event[ɪˈvɛnt]n.事件13.vital[ˈvaɪtl]adj.至关重要的14.communicate[kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt]v.通信15.identify[aɪˈdɛntɪfaɪ]v.识别16.target[ˈtɑːrɡɪt]n.目标17.footage[ˈfʊtɪdʒ]n.录像18.resistance[rɪˈzɪstəns]n.抵抗19.attack[əˈtæk]n.攻击20.satellitelink[ˈsætəlaɪtlɪŋk]卫星链接21.pilot[ˈpaɪlət]n.飞行员22.tactical[ˈtæktɪkl]adj.战术上的23.agility[əˈdʒɪləti]n.敏捷24.warfare[ˈwɔːrfeə(r)]n.战争25.reliance[rɪˈlaɪəns]n.依赖26.company[ˈkʌmpəni]n.公司27.subsidize[ˈsʌbsɪdaɪz]v.资助28.Crimea[krəˈmiːə]n.克里米亚29.invade[ɪnˈveɪd]v.入侵30.modern[ˈmɑːdərn]adj.现代的31.frontline[ˈfraɪntlaɪn]n.前线32.offer[ˈɔːfə(r)]v.提供33.senior[ˈsiːniər]adj.高级的34.headquarters[ˈhedˌkwɔːrtəz]n.总部35.drone[droʊn]n.无人机36.shootdown[ʃuːt/daʊn]击落37.futile[ˈfjuːtl]adj.徒劳的38.note[noʊt]v.注意到39.GPS[dʒiː/piː/es]全球定位系统40.Europe[ˈjʊrəp]n.欧洲41.China[ˈtʃaɪnə]n.中国42.build[bɪld]v.建造43.mega-constellation[ˈmeɡə/kɑnstəˈleɪʃn]大型星座网络44.adapt[əˈdæpt]v.改编45.government[ˈɡʌvərmənt]n.政府46.military[ˈmɪləteri]adj.军事的47.customer[ˈkʌstəmər]n.顾客【阅读理解练习题】1.Whattriggeredthenewspacerace?A.Ukraine’suseofSpaceX’sStarlink.B.ThelaunchofSpaceX’sStarlinksatellites.C.Russia’sinvasionofUkraine.D.America’sleadinthespaceindustry.Answer:C中文解析：新一轮太空竞赛是由俄罗斯入侵乌克兰引发的。2.HowhasStarlinkbeenusedinUkraine'swareffort?A.Tolaunchdroneattacks.B.Tobeaminternettofront-linetroops.C.Tospyonenemyterritories.D.Totransportsuppliestosoldiers.Answer:B中文解析：Starlink系统被用于将互联网传输到前线部队，在实时上传画面，辨认目标以及进行通信方面成为乌克兰战争努力的必需品。3.WhatissignificantaboutthenumberofStarlinksatellitesthathavebeenlaunchedsince2019?A.Theyrepresentahugeincreasefromthenumberofprevioussatellitelinks.B.Theyaredesignedtobelargelyreservedforseniorofficers,headquartersanddronepilots.C.Theyprovidefront-linetroopswithtacticalagilityneededinawarzone.D.Theymakeitimpossibletoshootdownthesatellitesbecausetheycanbeeasilyreplaced.Answer:A中文解析：自2019年以来，已经发射了大约3500个Starlink卫星，这个数目比先前发射的卫星链接数量大得多4.WhatisinnovativeaboutStarlink?A.Itprovidesbroadbandtoplacespreviouslyunreachable.B.Itincludesdronesthatcanflythemselves.C.Itincludesaresistanceagainstcyber-attacksD.Itprovidestacticalagilitytodronepilots.Answer:A中文解析：Starlink卫星被设计用来为传统宽带无法到达的地方提供互联网服务。5.WhatisonedownsidetorelyingonSpaceXforUkraine'suseofStarlink?A.ThecostofsubsidisingUkraine'suseofStarlink.B.ThepossibilitythatSpaceXmayrefusetocontinuesupplyingUkrainewithStarlink.C.ThefactthatSpaceXhaspreviouslysupportedRussia'sinvasionofUkraine.D.TheriskthatothercountrieswilltakeadvantageofthetechnologytoattackUkraine.Answer:A中文解析：依赖像SpaceX这样的公司使用其卫星链接会有成本，包括对乌克兰使用Starlink的支持。6.HowareChinaandRussiarespondingtoSpaceX'sleadinthenewspacerace?A.TheyaretryingtocomeupwithwaystodisruptStarlink.B.Theyareincreasingtheirinvestmentsintraditionalbroadbandtechnologies.C.TheyarenegotiatingtreatieswithAmericatolimitSpaceX'sdevelopmentofStarlink.D.TheyareformingallianceswithothercountriesinordertocompetewithSpaceX.Answer:A中文解析：中国和俄罗斯也在竞速建立他们自己的卫星网络，并尝试想出如何破坏Starlink的方法。7.WhatcapabilitiesdoesStarlinkofferfront-linetroops?A.Theabilitytosecretlyspyonenemypositions.B.Theabilitytolaunchcoordinateddroneattacks.C.Theabilitytocommunicate,identifytargets,anduploadfootageinreal-time.D.Theabilitytoquicklytransportsoldiersandsuppliesacrossthebattlefield.Answer:C中文解析：Starlink系统能帮助前线作战部队实时通信、辨认目标和上传画面。8.Whatistheauthor'sviewpointontheroleofSpaceXinthenewspacerace?A.SpaceXismakingitimpossibleforothercountriestocompete.B.SpaceXisprovidingcrucialtechnologythatisprovingusefulinmodernwarfare.C.OthercountriesarefaraheadofSpaceXinthenewspacerace.D.ThedownsidesofrelyingonacompanylikeSpaceXoutweighitsbenefits.Answer:B中文解析：作者认为SpaceX提供的科技是当前现代化战争中必不可少的，并在新一轮太空竞赛中保持着领先地位。【全文逐句对照翻译】俄罗斯入侵乌克兰引发了新的太空竞赛，SpaceX正在引领这场竞赛。SpaceXisleadingthenewspacerace,whichhasbeentriggeredbyRussia’sinvasionofUkraine.这一事件导致SpaceX的Starlink系统对乌克兰的战争努力至关重要，因为士兵可以使用它进行通信、识别目标和实时上传视频。ThiseventledtoSpaceX’sStarlinksystembecomingvitaltoUkraine’swareffortassoldierscanuseittocommunicate,identifytargets,anduploadfootageinreal-time.星链卫星的设计目的是将互联网传输到传统宽带无法到达的地方。Starlinksatellitesaredesignedtobeamtheinternettoplacesunreachedbyconventionalbroadband.自2019年以来，该公司已经发射了大约3500颗星链卫星，计划总共发射4万颗。Thecompanyhaslaunchedaround3,500Starlinksatellitessince2019,withplanstolaunch40,000total.星链的与众不同之处在于它提供的巨大容量和对攻击的抵抗力。WhatsetsStarlinkapartisthesheeramountofcapacityitoffersanditsresistancetoattack.以前，卫星连接主要是为高级军官、总部和无人机飞行员保留的，但现在前线部队可以实时传输视频、图像和信息。Previously,satellitelinkswerelargelyreservedforseniorofficers,headquartersanddronepilots,butnowfront-linetroopscanslingaroundvideos,imagesandmessagesinrealtime.卫星的数量，以及它们可以被替换的速度，让击落星链的尝试变得徒劳。Thenumberofsatellites,andthespeedwithwhichtheycanbereplaced,maketryingtoshootdownStarlinkfutile.依赖SpaceX这样的公司的缺点包括补贴乌克兰使用Starlink的成本。ThedownsidestorelyingonacompanylikeSpaceXincludethecostofsubsidisingUkraine's