2019届金山区高考英语二模

2019届金山区高考英语二模第页2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第1页。2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第1页。状元考前提醒拿到试卷：熟悉试卷刚拿到试卷一般心情比较紧张，建议拿到卷子以后看看考卷一共几页，有多少道题，了解试卷结构，通览全卷是克服“前面难题做不出，后面易题没时间做”的有效措施，也从根本上防止了“漏做题”。答题策略答题策略一共有三点：1.先易后难、先熟后生。先做简单的、熟悉的题，再做综合题、难题。2.先小后大。先做容易拿分的小题，再做耗时又复杂的大题。3.先局部后整体。把疑难问题划分成一系列的步骤，一步一步的解决，每解决一步就能得到一步的分数。立足中下题目，力争高水平确保运算正确，立足一次性成功在答卷时，要在以快为上的前提下，稳扎稳打，步步准确，尽量一次性成功。不能为追求速度而丢掉准确度，甚至丢掉重要的得分步骤。试题做完后要认真做好解后检查，看是否有空题，答卷是否准确，格式是否规范。要学会“挤”分检查后的涂改方式要讲究2019届金山区高三英语二模金山区2018学年第二学期质量监控2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第2页。髙三英语试卷2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第2页。(时间120分钟，分值140分）2019年4月I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Atthee^dofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1. A.Atashop. B.Inacar.C.Inaplane. D.Onafarm.2. A.Customerandshop assistant. B.Trainerandtrainee.C.Customerandtravelagent. D.Sailorandtourist.3. A.$2. B.$1.5. C.$3. D.$3.5.4. A.Atravelagency. B.Salesstrategies.C.Ajobopportunity. D.Tournews.5. A.Sheisverybusy.B. Shedislikesparties.C. Shehasaninvitationalready.D. Shequestionstheman’spurpose.6. A.Theclubmembersaren’tavailable.B. TheInternetdoesn’twork.C. Shedoesn’thavetimetodoit.D. Theemailhasn’tbeenready.7. A.Sheisgoingtomissherfirstclass.B. Sheprefersgoingtothedentistlaterintheday.C. Themanwillbebackbeforehisfirstclass.D. Themanmightsleeplateandmisshisappointment.8. A.Shecouldhelpthemanalot.B. She’sneverbeentothecity.C. Sheknowsthecityverywell.D. Shedoesn’tremembermuchaboutthecity.9. A.Hewassorryforthewoman’sabsence.B. Hewashappyaboutthewoman’sabsence.C. Hesuggestedthewomanbringherdaughter.D. Hesuggestedthewomanvisittheuniversity.10. A.Themanforgottogotothecinemawiththewoman.B. Bothofthespeakersenjoyedthefilm.C. Anexcitingfilmwillbeonnextweek.D. Thewomanwasinterestedinexploringspace.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandaloggerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第3页。Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第3页。11. A.Theirprojecthaslastedforayear.B. Theirprojectisapartoftheirresearch.C. TheywerebornandbredinNewYork.D. Theylikedtotalktostrangerswhenyoung.12. A.Ambitious. B.Difficult. C.Creative. D.Well-prepared.13. A.TwopsychologistsconductfieldresearchonNewYorkstreets.B. Twoyoungmenlistentopeopleandgivethemtheirsuggestions.C. Twopsychologistshelpsolvepeople’sproblemswithwhattheylearn.D. Twoyoungpeopleencouragepeopletotalktothem,believingitcanhelp.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14. A.MarkZuckerbergandBillGatesaremiddlechildren.B. CompetitiveandflexiblepersonalitiesdecidetheirsuccessC. TheysharetheidealisticpersonalitiesandpursueperfectionD. Theirsensitivitytothesurroundingsleadstotheirachievement15. A.Scientists.B.Chiefexecutiveofficials.C.Artists. D.Classicalmusicplayers.16. A.Familysizeplaysapart.B. Birthorderaffectspersonality.C. Birthorderinfluencescareerpaths.D. Howpeopleachievetheirsuccess.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17. A.Becauseoftheirdurability.B. Becausetheyaresymbolsofstatus.C. Becauseofthetrendinfashion.D. Becausetheylookquiteappealing.18. A.Themanwasthecreatorofjeans.B. Themanappliedforapatentforjeans.C. Levi’sledtothepopularityofjeans.D. Levi’sledtoafloodoffakeproducts.19. A.Theyaredurableandwasheasily.B. Theyappearonsexandviolenceads.C. Theywinthefavorofmanywomenliberalists.D. Theyareinfluencedbycowboystyleandrebelliousspirit.20. A.Theadvantagesofjeans.B.ThecultureofwesternAmerica.C. Thehistoryofjeans.D. Thechangeofjeans. II. GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TimetoLearnHowtoSortWhateverwedon’twant——nomatterwhetherit’seggshells,newspapers,sodacansoroldsocks——it’sallgarbage.Andgarbagegoestothegarbagebin.Thereseemstobe(21)________wrongwiththat.Butdoyoureallyknowhowtothrowawaygarbageproperly?2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第4页。China(22)________(promote)garbagesortingforoveradecade,butforthemajorityofthepublictheconcepthasn’tsunkin.Shenzhenissuedanewregulation.Itsaysresidentswillbefinedupto100yuanandorganizations1,000yuanfornotsortingrubbish(23)________specificgroups.2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第4页。“It’sevidentthatthegovernmentisdeterminedtopushthisforward,”saidZhangNing,aprogramofficer(24)________(serve)inaBeijing-basedpublicwelfareorganization.“ButI’mafraidtheregulationwillprovetobecounter-productivebecausegarbagesortinghasneverbeenachievedbymerelyimposingpunishments.”Arecentsurveyfoundthat49.5percentoftherespondentssaidtheystilldon’tknowhowtosortgarbage,(25)________45.5percentjustcan’tbebotheredtodoit.“Lotsofcitizens(26)________(confuse)aboutwhat’srecyclableandwhat’sgeneralwaste.Forexample,it’sscarcelyknownthattissueisnon-recyclablebecauseit’stoomoisture-proneandusuallytoopolluted(27)________(recycle).”saidZhang,arepresentative.AccordingtoZhang,70percentofgarbageisa“(28)________(misplace)resource”.Forinstance,atonofwastesteelcanberefinedinto0.9tonsofusablesteel,andatonofkitchenwasteisabletoproduce0.3tonsoforganicfertilizer.Butallofthisisbasedonthecondition(29)________thegarbageiscategorizedproperly.Andthebehaviorofhouseholds(30)________the sortingprocessinitiallystarts——isthekey.Garbagesortingisachaineffect.MisconductattheverybeginningwillmakeallthefollowingGarbagesortingisacomplexissueandtakespatience.Sonexttimewhenyouthrowawaywhatiscalled“garbage”doitintherightway.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.marginalB.personalC.slidingD.promiseE.countedF.gapsG.profitsH.distributedI.reliefJ.maturingK.levelingBadNewsforApple;GoodNewsforHumanityWhenApplecutitsrevenueestimate（收益预期）forthelastquarterof2018becauseofunexpectedlyslowsalesofiPhones,marketstrembled.Thecompany’sshareprice,whichhadbeen(31)________ formonths,fellbyafurther10%onJanuary3rd,thedayafterthenewscameout.Apple’ssuppliers’shareswerealsohit.Analystsassumethatthenumberofsmartphonessoldin2018willbeslightlylowerthanin2017,theindustry’sfirsteverannualdecline.Allthisisterriblenewsforinvestorswhohad(32)________oncontinuedgrowth.Butstepbackandlookatthebiggerpicture.Thatsmartphonesaleshavepeaked,andseemtobe(33)________offataround1.4billionunitsayear,isgoodnewsforhumanity.Theslowdownisactuallytheresultofmarketsaturation(饱和),whichhitsApplethehardestbecause,despitearelativelysmallmarketshare(13%ofsmartphoneusers),itcapturesalmostalloftheindustry’s(34)________.ButApple’spainishumanity’sgain.Thefactthatthebenefitsofthesemagicaldevicesarenowsowidely(35)________issomethingtobecelebrated.Nowmanyphonesareusedforlongerthanthreeyears,oftenashand-me-downs.Replacementcyclesarelengtheningasnewmodelsofferonly(36)________improvements.Soevenwithflatsales,thelonger(37)________betweenupgradesmeanpeoplewhoalreadyhavephonesbenefit.Forallbutthemostaddicteddevicefans,theslowingpaceofupgradescomesasawelcome(38)________.Doesthatmeaninnovationisslowing?No.Ascomputersbecomesmaller,stillmore(39)________andclosertopeople’sbodies,manytechniciansexpectthatwearabledevices,fromsmartwatchestoAR2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第5页。headsets,willbethenextbigthing.Evenso,findinganotherproductwiththescopeofthesmartphoneisatallorder.Thesmartphoneholdsits(40)________asthedevicethatwillmakecomputingandcommunicationsworldwide.Therecentslowingofsmartphonesalesisbadnewsfortheindustry,obviously.Butfortherestofhumanityitisawelcomesignthatatransformativetechnologyhasbecomealmostuniversal.2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第5页。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Now,U.S.researchershaveidentifiedanewwaytotreatpeopleinfectedwithtuberculosis(肺结核）beforetheygetsick.Tuberculosisisoneoftheworld’smost(41)________healththreats.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaystuberculosiskillsnearlytwomillionpeopleeachyear.Anothertwobillionare(42)________:theyareinfected,butdon’thavesymptomsofthedisease.Thoseathighestriskcantakemedicine,butVanderbiltUniversityresearcherTimothySterlingsaysnoteveryone(43)________withthetreatment,whichisadailydoseofisoniazid(异烟肼,抗结核药）forninemonths.Soalthoughthemedicationishighlyeffectiveifpeopletakealloftheirmedication,manypeopledonottakealltheirmedicationandthereforetheeffectivenessofthetreatmentplanis(44)________.Asa(n)(45)________,Sterlingandhiscolleagues(46)________isoniazidwithanotherdrug,rigapentine(利福喷汀).Thecombinationwastakenweekly,notdaily,forjustthreemonths.Andtheresultsofthisstudyshowedthatthenewtreatmentplanthethreemonthsofisoniazidandrifapentine——wasaseffectiveasthenine-monthisoniazidtreatmentplan.(47)________,theshort-course,three-monthtreatmentplanhadhighertreatmentcompletionratesandwasalsowell(48)________.Therewassomeotherdifference.Thetwo-drug,combinationtreatmentwasadministeredasdirectly(49) ________therapy.Thatmeansthepatientstooktheirmedicineinthepresenceofahealthcareworker,toensurethattheyfollowedthetreatmentplan.Thiswasalargestudy,involving7,500participantsinNorthAmerica,Spain,andBrazil.Sterling(50)________thatmostofthepeopleinthisstudywereHIV-negative.Theresultsmightbe(51)________forHIV-positivepeople.ArecentstudyinSouthAfricaindicatedthatthecombinationtherapyworkswellinpeopleinfectedwithHIVaswellastuberculosis,butthestudywastoosmalltobe(52)________.TimothySterling’sresearch,publishedinTheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,hasbeen(53)________bytheU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,theCDC.Thegovernmenthealthagencyrecommendsthe12-doseweeklycombinationtreatmentasanequalalternativetothe270-dosedailytreatmentplanthathasbeenthe(54)________therapy.Butbecauseofpossible(55)________ issues,theCDCstillrecommendsthedailytreatmentplanforHIV-positivepatientswhoaretakingantiretroviraldrugsorwomenwhoarepregnant.Alsobecauseofalackofdata,theCDCsayschildrenunderage12shouldstaywiththenine-monthdailytreatment.41.A.public B.persistent C.predictable D.mild42.A.outofcontrol B.beyondexpectation C.withouthope D.underthreat43.A.putup B.followthrough C.getalong D.comeup44.A.decreased B.maximized C.measured D.enhanced45.A.supplement B.substitute C.promotion D.alternative46.A.mixed B.replaced C.associated D.connected47.A.Asaresult B.Inaddition C.Infact D.Forinstance48.A.imposed B.tolerated C.cultivated D.infected49.A.isolated B.implemented C.observed D.required50.A.argues B.suggests C.commands D.warns2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第6页。51.A.inevitable B.negative C.distinct D.indirect2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第6页。52.A.definite B.desired C.logical D.detailed53.A.conducted B.proved C.demonstrated D.approved54.A.similar B.unique C.standard D.peculiar55.A.personal B.crucial C.age D.safetySectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Ifapersonwholived200yearsagowastreatedforaseizure(癫痫）today,theywouldbesurprisedbythetreatment’sfreshness.That’sbecausedoctorsinthe1800swereinfluencedmorebyoriginalmedicalbeliefsthanscience.Ratherthanthinkingthebraincausedseizures,peopleinthe1800sstillthoughttheyweretheresultofstrangeforces.Theyassociatedseizureswiththeworkofevilspirits.Othersfeltthattheseizureshadacosmicorlunarcause.Theybelievedthatthecyclesofthemoonandstarscouldmakesomeonehaveaseizure.Duringaprocesstotreatapatientwhohasseizures,doctorswouldforcethepatienttoprayforthegraceoftheGod.Theythoughtifthepatientdidthis,thenthepatientwouldridthemselvesoftheevilspiritscausingtheseizures.Thearrivalofmodernpsychiatry(精祌病学）occurredduringthe1800s.Atthattimepeoplewhosufferedfromseizureswereplacedinpsychiatrichospitals.Theyweretreatedliketheyweremad.However,noneoftheout-of-datetreatmentsworked.Itwasn’tuntilthelate1850sthatthecausesofseizureswereunderstood.Weknowtodaythatthesecausesarerelatedtothebrain.Misfiredsignalsfromthebraincauseajerkingrefer(反射）inthebody.Theseusuallyoccurwhensomeoneisverytired.Oncethecausesofseizureswereknown,definitivetreatmentsweredeveloped.Today,treatmentsrangefromtakingpillstohavingsurgery.Treatmentispersonalizedaccordingtothetypeofseizurethepatienthas.Eventoday,somepeopleareunsureaboutseizures.Theirmostcommonmistakeisthinkingthatapersonhavingaseizurewillswallowtheirtongue.Theyoftenpushsomeimplementroughlyintheperson’smouth.However,thisdoesn’thelp.Theimplementoftenblockstheairwayandpreventsthepersonfrombreathing.Yetmostofthepublicnolongerfearpeoplewhohaveseizures.Instead,theycannowhelpandcomfortapersoniftheyhaveaseizure.56. Whywouldsomeonefromthepastbesurprisedbytoday’streatmentsforseizures?A. Becausetheybelievedinscientifictreatmentforseizures.B. Becausetheybelievedseizureswerecausedbystrangeforcesinnature.C. Becausetheybelievedtherewouldbenocureforseizures.D. Becausetheybelievedpatientwouldtreatseizuresbyhimself.57. Duringthearrivalofmodernpsychiatry,howwerepeopletreatedinpsychiatrichospitals?A. TheywereforcedtoasktheGodformercy.B. Theyworkedfortheold-fashionedtreatment.C. Theywereconsideredsenseless.D. Theyweretreatedasevilspirits.58. Whichofthefollowingconditioncancauseaseizure?A.Rashesandotherskinproblems. B.Infectedwounds.C.Stomachdisorders. D.Braininjuries.2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第7页。59. What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第7页。A.SymptomsOldandNew B.UniversalForcesorScienceC.SeizuresNowandThen D.TreatmentsEffectiveorNot(B)Howafewmembersoftheanimalkingdomhandlethetransitiontoadulthood?AfricanelephantsThesebeautifulbeastscomeclosetoimitateteenrebellion.Calvesspendadecadewiththeirmothersinfemale-dominatedgroups——andladiesstaythere——butadolescentboysleavemomfornoisycrewsofbros.Intheir20s,theyoftendownsizetosmallermalegroups.Orangutans(猩猩）Slowmetabolismallowstheseprimatestosurvivefoodshortages——timeswhenweathermakesripefruitscarce.Butenergyefficiencycomesatacost;growthandmaturationtaketime.Orangutanmamasnursetheiryounglongerthananyotherwildcreaturedoes.Orcas(逆戟鲸）Killerwhalesjointheirmother’sfamilialgroupforlife.Thislasting-relationshipseemstoincreaseapup’schanceofsurvival;ifmomdies,ayoungmale(under30)isthreetimesmorelikelytodiethanapeerwhosemotherisalive.Riskofdeathpost-mom-mortemrisesaskidsgetolder.HarpsealsAharpseal’s“childhood”lastsjust12days.Apup’ssolepurposeduringthatbriefperiodofcoddling(宠爱）istoconstantlynurse,gainingafifthofitsbirthweightinblubber(鯨脂）everyday.Onceit’sfat——theybecomegreaterfrom25to80pounds——itslidesofftheiceandtakesonthesea.WolfspidersEveryparentknowsthattiredtoddlerslovetohitchapiggybackride.Thewolfspiderstrapsallherbabies(40or50,onaverage)ontoherbackatonce,carryingthebrooduntiltheyarecapableoffullyfunctionalspider-hood.Butluckilysheonlyhastopullthemforafewdays.60. Accordingtothepassage,whichanimalstakethebiggestresponsibilityinraisingtheiryoung?A. Harpseals. B.Africanelephants C.Orcas. D.Wolfspiders.61. Whatcanwelearnfromthesentence“Butluckilysheonlyhastopullthemforafewdays”?A. Othergrownwolfspiderswillcometotakecareofthebabies.B. Thetoddlersaretooheavyforparentstohitchapiggybackride.C. Babyspidersareabletoliveontheirownafterashortperiodoftime.D. Babyspiderscanmakefulluseofspider-hoodbeforetheyleavetheirparents.62. Whowillbeinterestedinthispassage?A. Astudentwhoisdoingaprojectonanimalgrowth.B. Akidwhoiskeenonanimalwatching.C. Azoo-workerwhoisresponsibleforvisitors’safety.D. Adoctorwhospecializesinanimals’health.(C)Asadvancesinauto-technologyhaveplacedahugenumberofself-drivingmachinesonourroadsandsidewalks,asideproducthasmaterializedinrecentyears:robot-babysitting.InPhoenix,humanattendantswillremotelymonitorGoogle’supcomingWaymorobot-taxis,usingthecarscamerastoevaluateandadapttopassengerorroadchallenges.Statesafetyregulationstypicallyrequirethatauto-vehiclesbeaccompaniedatalltimesbyhumans.Theseprofessionals’jobtitlesrangefrom“robothandler”to“safetydriver,”buttheyhaveessentiallythesameresponsibilities:monitoringrobotbehaviorforsafetyandperformance,andansweringquestionsaboutthetechnology.Broadlyspeaking,robot-babysittingjobsfallundertheumbrellaofcareersinautomation,whichincludemaintenance,engineering,2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第8页。andprogramming.2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第8页。However,someobserversnotethatcertainkindsofrobot-babysittingthekindthatisboringanddoesn’trequiremucheducationcanmakeforthanklesswork.Thesafetydriverswhositinself-drivingcarshavedescribedtheirrolesas “exhausting”and“demanding,”andmanytoldmeabouttheconstantpressuretostayvigilantatalltimes.“It’sincrediblyhardtositinachairandstareatacomputerwithoutdoinganythingforeighthours,”Ramseysaid.“ButyoudonotneedaPh.D.todoit.”InMarch2018,thefieldofrobotbabysittingtookabeatingwhenaself-drivingUberinTempe,Arizona,hita49-yearoldnamedElaineHerzberg.DashcamfootageshowedthatRafaelaVasquez,thecar’ssafetydriver,hadnotbeenlookingattheroadwhentheaccidentoccurred.InvestigatorsaredecidingifVasquezwillbechargedwithmurder.AccordingtotheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute,10millionto800millionjobsgloballycouldbelosttoautomationby2030.Inthelongterm,it’sinevitablethatrobot-babysitterswillgothewayofelevatoroperatorsandlamplighters.Butthey’llalsobirthnewrobot-relatedroles.“Ahugenumberofjobswillbecreatedasauto-vehiclesareloosedintotheenvironment,”Ramseysaid.In2016,BoschstartedtrainingstudentsfromSchoolcraftCollege,acommunitycollegeinMichigan,inauto-vehiclerepair:Toyotahastrainedstudentsinmaintenanceaswell.“Wemightevenseeareturntolow-leveljobswherepeoplecomeandfuelthecarforyou,”Ramseysaid.“Untilwecanwirelesslycharge,someoneneedstorefuelthem.”Thehardest-to-automateindustries,asithappens,aretheonesthatrequirelookingafterhumans:childcare,education,health-careaides.Robotbabysittersmightfeelliketheyhavegainedthejobofthefuture.Butinfact,realbabysittersmightbebetterpositioned.63. Robot-babysittingjobsdoNOTinclude______________ .A.answeringthequestionsaboutthetechnique. B.observingthecertainkindsoftherobot-babysitter.C.monitoringthepotentialproblemsoftheauto-vehicles. D.maintainingthevehicleswhichareoutoforder.64. Theunderlinedword“vigilant”mostprobablymeans“___________.”A.grateful B.suspicious C.fit D.alert65. AccordingtoRamsey,whatwillhappenwhenauto-vehiclesarereleasedintothemarket?A.Alotofopportunitieswillbecreated. B. Alargenumberofpeoplewillbeoutofwork.C.Auto-vehicleswillbecomemuchcheaper. D. Manypeoplewillturntobuyingauto-cars.66. What’sthispassagemainlyabout?A.TheRiseandFallofRobotBabysitters. B. TheFutureofAuto-Vehicles.C.TheLifeandEmploymentoftheFuture. D. ThePositionofRobotBabysitters.SectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A. It’snotdifficulttotellthePolarisapartfromthepileofotherstarsintheuniverse.B. PeoplewhoarelostcanberelievedbygazingupatPolaris.C. Byknowingdirectionsandtheirlocation,sailorscouldeasilysteertheirships.D. TheycoulddestroyentirejourneysbyblockingtheviewofPolaris.E. It’scertainthatthePolarisispartofaconstellation(星座),whichisnotfarfromit.F. Itisspecialbecauseitistheonlystarthatalwaysappearstobeinthesameplaceinthesky.TheNorthStarAmongthepileofstarsintheuniverse,thereareacouplethatareofgreatimportancetopeopleonEarth.Thesun,ofcourse,isoneofthem.TheotherisknownasPolaris,theNorthStar.(67)___________.Therefore,itisagreatcompass(指南针).WhenpeopleinthenorthernpartofEarthlooktowardPolaris,theycanbecertainthattheyarefacingnorth.ThepermanenceofPolarisinthenorthskyhashelped2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第9页。countlesspeoplefindtheirdestinations.2019届金山区高考英语二模全文共14页，当前为第9页。Beforetheinventionofmodernnavigationtools,sailorsreliedonPolaris.Fromthetopoftheirships,sailorswouldlookforPolaristofigureouttheirplaceatsea.Theyfiguredouttheanglebetweenthestarandthehorizontodeterminetheirlatitude(纬度）.Aslongastheequationswerenotwrong,theresultswereveryreliable.PolarisalsoletsailorsdetermineNorth,South,East,andWest.(68)___________Tothosewhosailatnight,changeablestormsanddarkcloudsweremorethanannoyingthings.(69)___________ .It’spossibleforacaptaintomakeanaccidentalwrongturn.Theshipcouldbecomestrandedatsea,andthefrustratedcaptainwouldhavenowaytogettheshipbackontherightcourse.Thesailor’sfearswouldn’tberelieveduntilthecloudsclearedandPolariscamebackintoview.Eventoday,sailorssometimeschoosetosteerbyusingPolarisonclearnights.(70)___________.TheBigDipper,aconstellationthatiswellknowninastrology,appearstorevolvearoundPolaris.ThehandleoftheBigDipperalwayspointstotheNorthStar.Whenpeoplegetlost,it’scomfortingtoknowthattheirproblemscanberelievedbylookingatthesky.II. SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizeinnomorethan60wordsthemainideaofthepassageandhowitisillustrated.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.71. UnfairComparisonsThankstosocialmedia,thedistancebetweenfriendsissmallerthanever.Butdoesthatmakeushappier?Notnecessarily.Arecentstudyhasfoundspendingtoomuchtimecomparingyourlifewiththeseeminglyperfectlivesofyourfriendsonsocialmediacanresultindepressivesymptoms.We’vealldoneitbrowsingthroughourWeChatfriends’updateswhilefeelingthatgreen-eyedmonsterholdingitsheadinourminds:Aretheirhomesbiggerandmoretasteful?Aretheirvacationsmoreexpensiveandexciting?Aretheircareersmoresuccessfulandrewarding?Comparisonisthethiefofjoy.Themoretimeyouspendonsocialmedia,themorelikelyitisforyoutofeeldepressivesymptoms,accordingtoanewstudyoutofUniversityofHouston.Thestudy,ledbyMai-LySteers,examinesthepotentialimpactonlinesocialcomparisoncanhaveonaperson’smentalhealth.“Theunderlyingmechanismissocialcomparison,”Steerssaid.“Thereasonwhyyoufeelthesefeelingsisthatyoutendtosociallycompareyourselfwithyourfriends.”ThissocialcomparisontheorywaspopularizedbyUSpsychologistLeonFestingerinthe1950s.AccordingtoanarticleinTheAtlantic,Festingerarguedthatpeoplehaveborntendenciestotracktheirprogressandmeasuretheirself-worthbycomparingthemselveswithotherpeople.Thatsocialcomparisonleadstofeelingsofinsignificanceandinsecurity.Researchhassincefoundthatmakingsocialcomparisons,especiallyupwardcomparisons(topeoplewethinkaboveusforwhateverreason),areassociatedwithnegativehealthoutcomeslikedepressivesymptomsanddecreasedself-esteem.“Youcan’treallycontrolthestrongdesiretocomparebecauseyouneverknowwhatyourfriendsaregoingtopost.Inaddition,mostofourfriendstendtopostaboutthegoodthingsthatoccurintheirlives,whileleavingoutthebad.Ifwe’recomparingourselveswithourfriends’’sharablehighlights’,thismayleadustothinktheirlivesarebetterthantheyactuallyare,andthusmakeusfeelworseaboutourownlives.”Soifyouarethejealoustype,maybethinkaboutsigningoffofyourWeChatforawhile.Yourwell-beingmaydependonit.III. TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72. 尽管他已经非常尽力,他还是没能弥补损失。（as)73. 如今,为网络优质资源付费似乎是个热门现象。（