高中英语语法-主语从句(共22张PPT)

1TheSubjectClause

主语从句2一、主语从句的定义二、主语从句的构成三、主语从句的引导词四、it可作形式主语五、主语从句需注意的问题3找出下列句子中的主语：1)Youareastudent.2)Hisjobisimportant.3)Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.4)Smokingisbadforyou.5)Whathedoesisimportant.主语是动作的发出者或受到描述的对象。

通常位于谓语动词或系动词之前。4一、主语从句的定义：在复合句中位于谓语动词或系动词之前充当主语的句子，叫主语从句。

Thatheisstillaliveisawonder.二、主语从句的构成：

引导词

+简单句

+谓语动词/系动词+其他成分.Whathewantsisabook.5三、主语从句的引导词：从属连词:that,whether；连接代词:who,whom,whose,which,what；

whatever，whoever，whichever连接副词:when,where,how,why。6that

that引导主语从句,that在从句中只起连接作用，不作成分，没有意义，不能省略。

Thathewillcome

iscertain.2.whether1)whether引导主语从句，译为“是否”,不能省略。if不能引导表语从句。

Whether

he’ll

come

here

isaproblem.

7

3.

who,whom,whose,what,whichwhen,where,how,why1)wh-词各有自己的实际意义，2)在从句中作成分，3)不能省略，4）从句中要用陈述语序。Whowillwritethepoem

hasnotbeendecidedyet.Whomsheborrowedmoneyfromstillpuzzledhim.Whichsidewillwin

isnotclear.Whatshesaidtoday

wasquiteright.

8Whenhewillbeback

dependsontheweather.Wherethetestwillbegiven

isnotyetdecided.Whereandwhenhewasborn

isasecret.Whyhecamehere

isnotknown.Howwecanprotecttheendangeredanimals

needstobediscussed.Howmanypeoplediedintheearthquake

wasunknown.9注意：whatever，whoever，whichever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语或表语等。

Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.(whoever=thepersonwho)来的人将受到欢迎。

Whateverhedidwasright.(whatever=thethingthat)他所做的事情是正确的。

Whicheverofyoucomesinwillreceiveaprize.(whichever=anyoneofyouwho)你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。10四、it可作形式主语为了使句子保持平衡，避免头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.其结构为：

It+谓语动词/系动词+宾语/表语+主语从句.

例如:

Thatweshallbelateiscertain.=Itiscertainthatweshallbelate.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.=Itisknowntoallthattheearthisround.2.whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.=Itwasaproblemwhethertheywouldsupportus.

111.

It+be+形容词+that从句(obvious,

true,

surprising,

good,

wonderful,

funny,

possible,

likely,

certain,

…)

如：

It

is

certain

that

she

will

do

well

in

her

exam.

2.It+be+名词词组+that从句

(an

honor,

a

fact,

a

pity,

…）如：

It’s

a

pity

that

we

can’t

go.

用it作形式主语的结构：123.

It+be+过去分词+that从句(said,

reported,

believed,suggested,known,thought,

expected,

decided,

…）如：

It

is

said

that

Mr.

Green

has

arrived

in

Beijing.

=Mr.GreenissaidtohavearrivedinBeijing.

主语+issaidtodotobedoingtohavedone(动作发生在issaid之前)tohavebeendonetohavebeendoing13Heissaidtogoabroadsoon.据说他不久要出国。表示不定式所表示的动作尚未发生或将要发生Thetigersaresaidtobeendangered.据说这些虎处于濒危状态表示一般情况(尤其是当不定式表示状态而非动作时)。Theyaresaidtoberesearchingintothequestion.所说他们正在研究这个问题。Thefilmissaidtohavebeengoingonfortwomonths.据说这部电影已经上演两个月了。Thisbookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoseveralforeignlanguages.据说这本书已经被译成好几种外语。144.

It+不及物动词或短语+that从句(seem,happen,doesn’t

matter,…）如：

It

happened

that

I

was

out

that

day.

(碰巧…)Itseemsthathehasknownit.(好像...)It

doesn’t

matter

whether

she

will

come

or

not.

15注意:that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去。Itissuggested(ordered,required...)

that...+(should)do“据建议；有命令,有人要求…”该句型中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时e.g.Itissuggestedthatwe（should）goatonce.Itisrequiredthateveryonehereshouldbeabletousecomputer.2.Itisimportant/necessary/strange...

that...+(should)doe.g.ItisimportantthatthestudentslearnEnglishwell.Itisstrangethatyoushouldlikehim.Itisnecessarythatyoushouldmasterthecomputer.161.主语从句的“that”一般不能省；2.主语从句中用陈述语序；主语从句只能用whether引导，不能用if引导；五、主语从句需注意的问题174.主语从句后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数；

Whether

he’ll

come

here

____(be)not

clear.

5.what引导主语从句时，谓语动词：1）常与其后的名词表语一致2）根据句子的语境而定。

Whatyouleft_____(be)onlyseveraloldbooks.Whatyousaid____(be)ofgreatimportance.isareis

181.Whereshallwespendtheholidayisn’tdecided.2.Youhavemadeamistakeisafact.3.Thatiscertainthatwecanwin.4.Ifthepolicemenwillcomeisnotcertain.weshallThatIt

Whether改错练习:195.Itissaythathewasafamouswriter.6.Itisseemedthatitisgoingtorainsoon.7.Wholeavestheroomlastoughttoturn

offthelights.saidseemsWhoever201._______hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether2.__________youhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.A.That B.What C.Which D.This3.________the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.A.WheneverB.IfC.Whether D.That

√√√单项选择：214.Itworriedherabit_______herhairwasturningwhite.A.while B.that C.ifD.for5._______hesaidatthemeetingshockedeverybodypresent.A.What B.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter

6._________wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan_________wehave.A.What